PAGEUnit4Friendsforever1．familiaradj.熟識(shí)的→unfamiliaradj.不熟識(shí)的2．prefervt.更寵愛(ài)→preferencen．偏愛(ài)；愛(ài)好3．deliverv．遞送，傳送→deliveryn．交付，遞送4．a(chǎn)dvancen．進(jìn)步，進(jìn)展→advancedadj.先進(jìn)的，高級(jí)的5．significantadj.重大的→significantlyadv.重大地，顯著地→significancen.意義，重要性6．a(chǎn)bleadj.有實(shí)力的，能干的→enablev．使可能，使發(fā)生7．usualadj.通常的，慣例的，平常的→unusualadj.異樣的，不平常的→usuallyadv.通常8．crimen．罪行，犯罪活動(dòng)→criminaln．罪犯9．daten．日期→updaten．最新消息10．illustratev．(舉例)說(shuō)明，闡明→illustrationn．說(shuō)明，插圖delivervt.接生；生(小孩兒)；遞送；發(fā)表(演說(shuō)等)①Thedoctordeliveredthetwinssafelylastnight.接生②Didyoudelivermymessagetomymother?遞送③Hedeliveredtheopeningspeechattheopeningceremonyofthe2024WorldCup.發(fā)表(演說(shuō)等)WordsAndPhrases學(xué)問(wèn)要點(diǎn)1familiaradj.熟識(shí)的(教材原句P37)Withnofamiliarfacesinview看不到熟識(shí)的面孔[例1]Itookaglanceatthehallandfoundmanyfamiliarfacesamongthestudents.我掃視了一下大廳，發(fā)覺(jué)觀眾中有很多熟識(shí)的面孔。[例2]Thevoicesonthephonesoundedfamiliar.電話里的聲音很耳熟。[造句]回到熟識(shí)的環(huán)境里讓人松了一口氣。Itwasarelieftobebackinfamiliarsurroundings.[學(xué)問(wèn)拓展](1)sb.befamiliarwith... 某人熟識(shí)……(主動(dòng))...befamiliartosb. ……為某人所熟識(shí)(被動(dòng))(2)unfamiliaradj. 生疏的，不熟識(shí)的[即學(xué)即練]單句語(yǔ)法填空①Thecourseisdesignedforstudentswhoareunfamiliar(familiar)withcomputers.②Thesmellisveryfamiliartoeveryonewholivesnearabakery.③Mostpeoplearefamiliarwiththeideathatmatterconsistsofverysmallatoms.學(xué)問(wèn)要點(diǎn)2prefervt.更寵愛(ài)；選擇某事物(而不選擇其他事物)(教材原句P38)Howdoyouprefertocommunicatewithfriendseveryday?你寵愛(ài)如何每天與摯友溝通？[例1]Whichdoyouprefer，fishormeat?你更寵愛(ài)吃什么，魚(yú)還是肉？[例2]Ofthetwocars，Ipreferthatredone.兩輛小汽車中，我更寵愛(ài)那輛紅色的。[翻譯]就個(gè)人而言，我更寵愛(ài)沿長(zhǎng)江旅行，它是中國(guó)最長(zhǎng)的河，也是中華文明的母親河之一。Personally，IpreferthetouralongtheYangtze，thelongestriverandoneoftheMotherRiversofChinesecivilizations.[學(xué)問(wèn)拓展](1)prefer(sb.)todosth. 更寵愛(ài)(某人)做……prefer(doing)sth.to(doing)sth. 寧愿(做)某事……也不愿(做)某事prefertodosth.ratherthandosth.＝wouldratherdosth.thandosth. 寧可……也不……preferthat...(should)dosth. 寧愿……(2)preferencen. 偏愛(ài)；愛(ài)好[即學(xué)即練]單句語(yǔ)法填空①M(fèi)ymotherpreferstogo(go)toworkratherthanstay(stay)athome.②Inthecrowdedcity，myfatherpreferswalkingtotaking(take)abus.③Sheprefersthatherdaughter(should)get(get)alongwellwithhernewclassmates.④Ipreferhimtocome(come)toseemerightnow.學(xué)問(wèn)要點(diǎn)3losetrackof不了解……的狀況，不了解……的動(dòng)態(tài)；遺忘(教材原句P38)Howwouldyoufeelifmovingtoanewtownmeantlosingtrackofyourfriends?假如搬家到一個(gè)新的城鎮(zhèn)意味著與你的摯友失去聯(lián)系，那么你會(huì)感覺(jué)如何？[例1]Marylosttrackofherfriendsatcampaftersummer.夏天過(guò)后，瑪麗就和她一起宿營(yíng)的摯友失去了聯(lián)系。[例2]Hismindwouldwander，andhewouldlosetrackofwhathewasdoing.他會(huì)走神，忘了自己正在干什么。[造句]我們失去聯(lián)系五年了。Itisfiveyearssincewelosttrackofeachother.[學(xué)問(wèn)拓展](1)keeptrackof 與……保持聯(lián)系，了解……的動(dòng)態(tài)beontrack 穩(wěn)步前進(jìn)，走上正軌(2)trackdown 追蹤找到，追查到[即學(xué)即練]單句語(yǔ)法填空①Theyhopetotrackdownthesourceoftheinfection.②It'shardtokeeptrackofallone'soldschoolfriends.③Sofar，they'reallmoreorlessontrack.④IfyoucannotuseWeChatatthepresenttime，youareattheriskoflosingtrackofyourmostfriends，especiallytheyoungones.學(xué)問(wèn)要點(diǎn)4(教材原句P38)Thankstoadvancesintechnology，howwemakefriendsandcommunicatewiththemhaschangedsignificantly.由于科技的進(jìn)步，我們結(jié)交摯友與摯友、溝通的方式已經(jīng)有了明顯的變更。(1)thanksto歸功于……，多虧……[例1]Thankstothetimelyhelp，manyluckypeoplesurvivedtheearthquake.多虧了剛好的幫助，很多幸運(yùn)的人得以在地震中幸存下來(lái)。[例2]Thankstohisstrongconstitution，Jackwasabletopullthroughhisrecentseriousillness.幸虧他體質(zhì)好，杰克才得以平安度過(guò)了最近這場(chǎng)大病。[造句]多虧我隊(duì)友的幫助，我準(zhǔn)時(shí)完成了這項(xiàng)任務(wù)。Thankstomyteammate'shelp，Ifinishedthetaskontime.[學(xué)問(wèn)拓展]表示“因?yàn)椋挥捎凇钡亩陶Z(yǔ)還有：owingto，dueto，becauseof，asaresultof，onaccountof等。[即學(xué)即練]單句語(yǔ)法填空①Thankstoyourinspiration，Iamsuccessful.②Hehadtoretirebecauseofillhealth.③Ourdelaywasduetotheheavytraffic.(2)advancen．進(jìn)步，進(jìn)展；v.前進(jìn)；促進(jìn)；提出；提前adj.預(yù)先的，在前的[例1]Therehavebeengreatadvancesinmedicineinthelasttenyears.在過(guò)去十年里，醫(yī)學(xué)取得了巨大的進(jìn)步。[例2]Thestrikersadvancedon/towardsus，shoutingangrily.罷工的人生氣地喊叫著向我們靠近。[造句]這是個(gè)很受歡迎的演出，所以肯定要提前訂票。Itisapopularshow，soadvancebookingisessential.[學(xué)問(wèn)拓展](1)inadvance＝aheadoftime 提前，預(yù)先inadvanceof... 在……前面；比……進(jìn)步/超前makeanadvanceinsth. 在某方面有進(jìn)步(2)advancedadj. 先進(jìn)的；高級(jí)的[即學(xué)即練]單句語(yǔ)法填空①Englandwasonceoneofthemostadvanced(advance)industrialnationsintheworld.②Hepreferredtobookaticketforthefootballmatchinadvance，butmissedthechance.③Inthenearfuture，scientistswillmakeanadvanceinrobottechnology.[小片段填空]Withthehelpoftheadvanced(advance)technology，wecancompletethetaskinadvance.學(xué)問(wèn)要點(diǎn)5upto忙于，從事著(尤指壞事)；在搗鬼(教材原句P38)Socialmediatoolsletusseewhatourfriendsareuptoandmaintainfriendships.社交媒體工具讓我們了解摯友的最新?tīng)顟B(tài)并維系友情。[例1]Whathaveyoubeenuptothisweek?你這個(gè)星期始終忙什么呢？[例2]Thechildrenareveryquiet.Iwonderwhattheyareupto.孩子們很寧?kù)o，我想知道他們?cè)诟闶裁垂?。[造句]我認(rèn)為父親想要知道目前我在做什么，所以我確定給他發(fā)條短信。IthinkmyfatherwouldliketoknowwhatI'vebeenuptosofar，soIdecidetosendhimamessage.[學(xué)問(wèn)拓展]upto其他用法：(1)達(dá)到……程度或數(shù)量(相當(dāng)于asfaras)(2)表示時(shí)間限制，“直到……為止”(相當(dāng)于till)(3)(體力或智力上)，能勝任(相當(dāng)于fitfor)(4)由……確定，取決于(常用于Itisuptosb.todosth.句型)[即學(xué)即練]單句語(yǔ)法填空①It'suptoyoutodecide(decide)whethertogoornot.②MyGermanisn'tuptotranslating(translate)thatletter.③It'suptoyouwhetherweacceptthepresentornot.學(xué)問(wèn)要點(diǎn)6tendv．易于做某事，往往會(huì)發(fā)生某事(教材原句P39)Onsocialmediasites，peopletendtopostonlypositiveupdatesthatmakethemappearhappyandfriendly.在社交媒體網(wǎng)站上，人們往往只會(huì)將正面的最新信息呈現(xiàn)出來(lái)，讓他們看起來(lái)很歡樂(lè)、很友好。[例1]Opportunitiesandsuccesstendtobeinfavourofthosewhoareready.機(jī)遇和勝利往往青睞于那些有打算的人。[例2]Peopleunderstresstendtoexpresstheirfullrangeofpotential.處于壓力下的人簡(jiǎn)單發(fā)揮自己全部的潛力。[造句]別人不同意她的看法時(shí)，她很簡(jiǎn)單生氣。Shetendstogetangrywhenothersdisagreewithher.[學(xué)問(wèn)拓展](1)tendtodosth. 趨向做某事tend(to)sb./sth. 照看/護(hù)理/看護(hù)……tendtowards 傾向，有助于(2)tendencyn. 趨向；傾向haveatendencytodosth. 傾向于做……；寵愛(ài)做……[即學(xué)即練]單句語(yǔ)法填空①Doctorsandnursesaretendingtotheinjured.②Thereisatendency(tend)fortherateofprofittofall.③Hisviewstendtowardstheextreme.學(xué)問(wèn)要點(diǎn)7provev．證明，證明(教材原句P40)Toprovethatmakingfriendswaseasierinthepast.為了證明過(guò)去交友更簡(jiǎn)單。[例1]Shewantstoprovethatshehasbrainsaswellasbeauty.她想證明她既漂亮又有才智。[例2]It'sachallengingjobbutI'msureyou'llproveequaltoit.這是一份有挑戰(zhàn)性的工作，但是我信任你會(huì)勝任的。[造句]去首都的旅行被證明是值得的。Itprovedworthwhiletomakethetriptothecapitalcity.[學(xué)問(wèn)拓展](1)provesth.tosb. 向某人證明某事provethat-clause 證明……proven．/tobe 結(jié)果是；證明是(2)proofn. 證據(jù)[即學(xué)即練]單句語(yǔ)法填空①Iknowyoudon'tbelieveme，butIcanproveittoyou.②Itwasthegreatscientistwhoproved(prove)theearthisround.SentencePatterns重點(diǎn)句式1whatif倘使……將會(huì)怎樣(教材原句P38)Whatiftheonlywayofgettingnewsfromfarawayfriendswaswritinglettersthattookagestobedelivered?假如只有通過(guò)寫(xiě)信和漫長(zhǎng)的等待才能得知遠(yuǎn)方摯友的消息，你會(huì)怎樣？句式分析：whatif意為“倘如……將會(huì)怎樣；即使……又有什么關(guān)系”[例1]Whatifhegetsangry?I'malittleworried.倘如他生氣該怎么辦？我有點(diǎn)兒擔(dān)憂。[例2]We'vealreadyorderedatable.Whatiftheydonotcome?我們已經(jīng)定好了位子。要是他們不來(lái)該怎么辦呢？[造句]那個(gè)提議聽(tīng)起來(lái)很迷人，但假如是個(gè)騙局會(huì)怎么樣？Itsoundslikeagoodoffer，butwhatifit'satrick?[學(xué)問(wèn)拓展](1)Howcome？用于口語(yǔ)交際中，表示懷疑，意為“為什么會(huì)這樣呢，怎么搞的？”Howcome還可以接從句或v.-ing形式。(2)Sowhat？ 那又怎么樣？(3)whatfor... 為……目的(4)whatabout.../howabout... ……怎么樣(表建議)[翻譯]①既然她在巴黎待了五年，她的法語(yǔ)怎么還會(huì)這樣糟糕？IfshespentfiveyearsinParis，howcomeherFrenchissobad?②他比你小十五歲呢！Heisfifteenyearsyoungerthanyou!那又怎么樣？Sowhat?[即學(xué)即練]單句語(yǔ)法填空①Whataboutgoingtothecinematonight?Anewfilmisonshow.②Whatifshefindsoutthatyou'velostherbook?③—Ineedtoseeadoctor.—Whatfor?重點(diǎn)句式2whatever引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句(教材原句P39)Whateverourhobbies，theInternetcanconnectuswithotherswhoalsoenjoydoingthem，eveniftheyliveontheothersideoftheworld.無(wú)論我們愛(ài)好什么，互聯(lián)網(wǎng)總能把我們與寵愛(ài)做這些事情的人聯(lián)系起來(lái)，即使那些人生活在世界的另一邊。句式分析：whatever引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句，其相當(dāng)于nomatterwhat，意為“不管什么，無(wú)論什么”。[例1]Whateveryoudo，youcan'tgoagainstnature.無(wú)論你做什么，都不能違反自然規(guī)律。[例2]Whatever/Nomatterwhatyousay，Iwon'tbelieveyou.無(wú)論你說(shuō)什么，我都不會(huì)信任你。[造句]無(wú)論遇到什么困難，我們都能解決它們。Nomatterwhat/Whateverdifficultieswemeet，wecanworkthemout.[學(xué)問(wèn)拓展]whatever/whoever/whichever這一類詞既可引導(dǎo)名詞性從句，也可引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句；而however/wherever/whenever一般只引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。[翻譯]①既然我考試及格了，可以做任何我寵愛(ài)的事了。NowthatIhavepassedmyexams，IcandowhateverIlike.②無(wú)論問(wèn)題有多難，他都能回答。Hecananswerthequestionhoweverharditis.[即學(xué)即練]完成句子①無(wú)論她說(shuō)什么都不會(huì)對(duì)我們的支配有影響。Whatevershesayswillnotmakeanydifferencetoourarrangements.②無(wú)論我們什么時(shí)候遇到困難，他們都來(lái)幫忙。Whenever/Nomatterwhenwemetwithdifficulties，theycametohelpus.教材高考1.Whatiftheonlywayofgettingnewsfromfarawayfriendswaswritinglettersthattookagestobedelivered？(2024·天津卷)Whatiftheytalkedalongtimeaboutapaintingyouweren'tthatinterestedin？2.Whateverourhobbies，theInternetcanconnectuswithotherswhoalsoenjoydoingthem，eveniftheyliveontheothersideoftheworld.(2024·江蘇卷)Whateveryourageorinterests，Buxtonhassomethingtoseeordotomakeyourvisittrulymemorable.3.Howdoyouprefertocommunicatewithfriendseveryday？(2024·全國(guó)卷Ⅱ)Iprefertogooutandbeout.Alone，buttogether，youknow？4.Thankstoadvancesintechnology，howwemakefriendsandcommunicatewiththemhaschangedsignificantly.(2024·北京卷)Bytheendofthecentury，ifnotsooner，theworld'soceanswillbebluerandgreenerthankstoawarmingclimate，accordingtoanewstudy.5.Onsocialmediasites，peopletendtopostonlypositiveupdatesthatmakethemappearhappyandfriendly.(2024·浙江卷)We'vegonetotheoppositeextremeofafewdecadesagowhenparentstendedtobemorestrict.Ⅰ.單句語(yǔ)法填空1．Theeffectsofthesuncanbesignificantly(significant)reducedifwefollowcertainguidelines.2．Therewereonlythreeofusontheadvanced(advance)course.3．It'snotunusual(usual)foryoungdoctorstoworkfor70hoursaweek.4．Thenewtestshouldenabledoctorstodiscover(discover)thediseaseearly.5．Childrentendtoreact(react)againsttheirparentsbygoingagainsttheirwishes.6．Inordertogetfamiliarwiththenewneighbour，Idecidedtocallathishouse.7．OnSundaysmybrotherprefersstaying(stay)athomedoinghishomeworktogoingouttoplaywithotherchildren.8．Aslongasyou'vepaidinadvancewewon'tchargeyoufordelivery(deliver)．9．Margaretprovedherselftobe(be)agoodmother.10．Whateveryoudo，it'simportantthatyoutryyourbest.Ⅱ.選詞填空l(shuí)osetrackof，throwoutthebabywiththebathwater，communicatewith，whatif，keepinmind，upto，stayin，touchwith，inview，makefriends，thanksto1．Thankstoyourhelp，wefinishedthetaskintime.2．Idon'tknowhowtocommunicatewithstrangers.3．Keepinmindthatthebankwillbeclosedtomorrow.4．Inmyopinion，heisnotreallyuptothejob.5．Helenisaveryshygirlanddoesnotmakefriendseasily.6．Stayintouchwiththosewhomattertoyou.7．Weusedtobefriends，butlosttra