Whyistheroadsowet?Itmusthaverained

lastnight.musthavedone對(duì)過(guò)去的非?？隙ǖ耐茰y(cè)（語(yǔ)氣最強(qiáng)）對(duì)已發(fā)生的過(guò)去情況的推測(cè)，若陳述句謂語(yǔ)部分有“musthavedone”，而且有表示過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ),問(wèn)句部分用didn't；1)Theymusthavegonetherelastnight,

didn'tthey?2)Theymusthavearrivedbynow,haven’tthey?對(duì)已發(fā)生的過(guò)去情況的推測(cè)，若陳述句謂語(yǔ)部分有“musthavedone”，若沒(méi)有表示過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，問(wèn)句部分用haven’t或hasn’t.3)HemusthavebeentotheGreatWall,hasn'the?對(duì)已發(fā)生的過(guò)去情況的推測(cè)，若陳述句謂語(yǔ)部分有“musthavedone”，若沒(méi)有表示過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，問(wèn)句部分用haven’t或hasn’t.這個(gè)房間昨天肯定被清掃了。Theroom_____________________yesterday.

musthavebeencleaned他一定已經(jīng)背了5000單詞了。He_____________5,000words.musthavelearntYoumusthaveseenthefilm“JourneytotheWest”,___________?

haven’tyouTheymusthavebeentotheWorldExpolastweek,_________?

didn’ttheyA:Wherearethegirls?

Couldtheyhavegonehome?B:No,theycan’thavegonehome.It’ssoearly.

canhavedone對(duì)過(guò)去的疑問(wèn)推測(cè)

can’thavedone對(duì)過(guò)去的否定推測(cè)疑問(wèn)句和否定句--WhereisJohn?Canhehavegonetotheplayground?--No,hecan’thavegonetotheplaygroundItisraining.--____MrKing_____________theletter?金先生已經(jīng)收到那封信了嗎？--No,he__________________it.不，他不可能收到。Canhavereceivedcan’thavereceived--Look,thelightsareoffintheirroom.--Wherehavetheygone?--Theymighthavegonetothecinema.may/mighthavedone某事有可能發(fā)生過(guò)(表示對(duì)過(guò)去的不太肯定的推測(cè)，語(yǔ)氣比musthavedone弱)用于肯定句和否定句(may的語(yǔ)氣比might稍強(qiáng))---WheredidAdamgetthatnewfootball?Hehasn’tgotanymoney.---It____apresent.Afterall,itwashisbirthdaylastweek.A.mighthavebeenB.mightbe

He______outbecausethelightwason.A.maynothavegone

B.mayhavenotgoneC.maynotgoD.mustnothavegoneA:Hereisadollforyourdaughter.B:Thankyousomuch.It’sbeautiful.Butyouneedn’thaveboughtit.Youhaveboughtsomanyforher.needn’thavedone本沒(méi)有必要做某事（但此事已做）We___________________theplantbecauseitrainedlastnight.(本無(wú)必要)needn’thavewateredOh,I'm

not

feeling

well

in

the

stomach.I

shouldn’thaveeatensomuchfriedchickenjustnow.shouldn’thavedone本不該做某事（但此事已做）表示責(zé)備Heshouldhaverepairedthebikeyesterday.shouldhavedone本應(yīng)該做某事（但此事未做）表示責(zé)備你本應(yīng)該先完成你的作業(yè)。You________________yourhomeworkfirst.

shouldhavefinished你本不應(yīng)該跟我撒謊。You________________tome.shouldn’thaveliedcould+havedone

“本能夠，本可以做某事”但卻沒(méi)做他本能夠按時(shí)完成這項(xiàng)任務(wù)的。He_________________thetaskontime,buthedidn’tdoit.couldhavefinishedFindingtheruleModalverbs+havedoneExplanationsExamplesentencesmusthavedoneBelievingwhathappenedinthepastisthecase(usedonlyinpositivesentences)Itmusthaverainedlastnight.can/couldhavedone--WhereisJohn?Couldhehavegonetotheplayground?--No,hecan’thavegonetotheplayground.Itisraining.indicatingthatsomethingwasapossibilityinthepast,thoughitdidnotactuallyhappen(negativeorinterrogativesentences)may/mighthavedone.Suggestingthatitispossiblethatsomethinghappenedorwastrue(usedonlyinpositive/negativesentences)Theymighthavemistakenyoushould/shouldn’thavedoneYoushouldhavedoneyourhomeworkfirst.indicatingthatsomethingdidnot/didhappen,butthespeakerwishesithad(not)happened.needn’thavedoneindicatingthatitisnotnecessaryforsb.todosth,thoughhe/shedidit.Youneedn’thavewateredtheplant.Itrainedlastnight.高考例析1.SorryI’mlate.I_____haveturnedoffthealarmclockandgonebacktosleepagain.（2000北京春季）

A.mightB.shouldC.canD.will

答案為

A。表推測(cè)的用法。句意：對(duì)不起,我遲到了。我(當(dāng)時(shí))興許是關(guān)了鬧鐘又回去睡覺(jué)了。might相當(dāng)于may,但語(yǔ)氣更加不肯定。2.Iwasreallyanxiousaboutyou.You__homewithoutaword.(01全國(guó))

A.mustn'tleave

B.shouldn'thaveleft

C.couldn'thaveleft

D.needn'tleave

答案為B。虛擬語(yǔ)氣用法。句意：我（那時(shí)）真地很擔(dān)心你。你本不應(yīng)該不留個(gè)話就離開(kāi)家。3.—I’lltellMaryabouthernewjobtomorrow.

—You__herlastweek.（04福建）

A.oughttotell

B.wouldhavetold

C.musttell

D.shouldhavetold答案為D。虛擬語(yǔ)氣用法。句意：---我明天要告訴她我的新工作的情況。---你本應(yīng)該上周告訴她。4.—Tomgraduatedfromcollegeataveryyoungage.

—Oh,he____havebeenaverysmartboythen.（04全國(guó)IV）

A.could

B.should

C.might

D.must答案為D。表推測(cè)的用法。句意：—湯姆很年輕的時(shí)候就大學(xué)畢業(yè)了?！叮隙ㄊ且粋€(gè)很聰明的男孩兒。

5.He_____havecompletedhiswork;otherwise,hewouldn'tbeenjoyinghimselfbytheseaside.(05北京卷)

A.should

B.must

C.wouldn't

D.can't答案為B。用法同4題。句意：他肯定做完了工作，不然他就不會(huì)在海邊痛快地玩兒了。

6.—DoyouknowwhereDavidis?Icouldn’tfindhimanywhere.

—Well.He____havegonefar—hiscoat’sstillhere.（05湖北卷）A．shouldn't

B．mustn't

C．can't

D．wouldn't答案為C。表推測(cè)的用法。句意：—你知道大衛(wèi)在哪兒?jiǎn)?？我哪兒也找不到他?！?，他不可能走遠(yuǎn)—他的上衣還在這兒呢。can't相當(dāng)與couldn't，但后者語(yǔ)氣更加委婉。練習(xí)—ThewomanbiologiststayedinAfricastudyingwildanimalsfor13yearsbeforeshereturned.

—Oh,dear!She___alotofdifficulties!(05江蘇卷)

A.maygothrough

B.mightgothrough

C.oughttohavegonethrough

D.musthavegonethrough2.Ihavelostoneofmygloves.I_____itsomewhere.（05北京春季）

A.mustdrop

B.musthavedropped

C.mustbedropping

D.musthavebeendropped

3.Mr.White___at8:30forthemeeting,buthedidn'tshowup.（04廣西）

A.shouldhavearrived

B.shouldarrive

C.shouldhavehadarrived

D.shouldbearriving

4.Hepaidforaseat,whenhe___haveenteredfree.（05山東卷）

A.could

B.would

C.must

D.need5.—Tomisneverlateforwork.Whyisheabsenttoday?

—Something____tohim.(05江西卷)

A.musthappen

B.shouldhavehappened

C.couldhavehappened

D.musthavehappened

6.I___havebeenmorethansixyearsoldwhentheaccidenthappened.(05天津卷)

A.shouldn't B.couldn't

C.mustn't D.needn'tChoosethebestanswerforeachblank.1)—Itoldhimthenewsjustnow.—Really?You__him.Heknewitalready.A.shouldn’thavetoldB.mayhavetoldC.needn’thavetoldD.couldn’thavetold2)—Ican’tfindmypenanywhere.I_____it.—That’simpossible.Isawyouwritingwithittenminutesago.A.mightloseB.wouldhavelostC.shouldhavelostD.musthavelostC

D

3)—ThatmustbeJack.—Itcan’tbehim.He____withinsuchashorttime.Hesaidhewouldcallmeassoonashearrived.mustn’thavearrivedB.shouldn’thavearrivedC.can’thavearrivedD.neednothavearrived4)—WhereareJoanandMary?—Ithinkthey___early.A.shouldhaveleftB.musthaveleftC.canhaveleftD.needn’thaveleftCB5)—Didyouseethatcarnearlyhitme?I_________killed.—Yes.Itwasgoingsofast.Luckilyyourespondedquickly.couldhavebeenB.mayhavebeenC.musthavebeenD.wasB6)—Mom,Iswepttheflooramomentago.—Thankyou,son.Butyou______it.It’snotverydirtyyet.A.shouldhavesweptB.needn’thavesweptC.mayhavesweptD.canhaveswept7)—It’ssodrythesedays.Eventheplantisdead.—Yes.You_________itmorewater.A.willgiveB.shouldhavegivenC.maysendD.canhavebeensentB

B

8)—Johnpassedtheexam,althoughhedidn’tstudyverymuchforit.—Theexam_________difficult.A.can’thavebeenB.musthavebeenC.couldn’tbeD.mighthavebeen9)—Iwonderwhytheyarelate.—They_________thetrain.A.canmissB.mayhavemissedC.couldmissD.mightmissAB10)—He_________tohelpusyesterday,buthedidn’t.—Youmustforgivehim.Hewasillyesterday.shouldhavecomeB.couldhavecomeC.musthavecomeD.canhavecomeAFindandcorrectthemistakeineachofthefollowingsentences.Sheshouldhadfinishedtheworkthreedaysago.2)Youarewetthrough.Youshouldhavebeencaughtintherain.Sheshouldhavefinishedtheworkthreedaysago.Youarewetthrough.Youmusthavebeencaughtintherain.

.3)Imusthavehelpedthem,butIwasn’tableto.4)Youmustn’thaveseenthemoviebefore,foritwasmadelastweek.Ishouldhavehelpedhim,butIwasn’tableto.Youcan’thaveseenthemoviebefore,foritwasmadelastweek5)Allthelightswereoffatel