慈溪市學(xué)年第一學(xué)期高二期末測試英語本試卷分第Ⅰ卷選擇題和第Ⅱ卷非選擇題。第Ⅰ卷注意事項：答第Ⅰ卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準考證號填寫在答題卡上。用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標號?；卮鸱沁x擇題時，將答案寫在答題卡上，寫在本試卷上無效。第一部分：聽力共兩節(jié)，滿分分)第一節(jié)共5小題每小題分，滿分分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的、、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】WhydoesthewomantalktoJohn?A.askforadvice.B.recommendaclub.C.borrowsomebooks.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:HeyJohn!IwanttoletyouknowaboutabookclubIjoinedacoupleofmonthsago.IknowyoudoalotofreadingsoIthoughtyoumightwanttocomewithmenextmonth.M:Oh,thatsoundslikefun.2.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】WhatisKarenbusydoingtoday?A.Organizingaparty.B.Cleaningthehouse.C.herdaughter.【答案】A【解析】【原文】M:Karen,itseemsyou’reprettybusytoday.W:It’smydaughter’sbirthdaytoday.I’mthrowingabigpartyforher.Sothere’salottodo.M:Letmeknowifyouneedahand.第1頁/共26頁3.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Theman’soccupation.B.Theman’scompany.C.Theman’sbooks.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:Soareyoustillasalesmanofkids’toys?M:No.Ileftmyformercompanyabouttwoyearsagoafterpublishingmyfirstbook.NowIteachkidsmusicataschoolandworkonmysecondbookinmyfreetime.4.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Wherearemostprobablythespeakers?A.Athome.B.Atananimalshelter.C.Atazoo.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M:Lookatallthedogs,catsandbunnies.Ijustwanttotakethemallbackhome.W:Iknowyouwanttohelpthemall.Butwecanjusttakeonebackhome.M:ThenI’llencouragemyfriendstocomeandadoptsome,too.5.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】WhatdoesMikemean?A.He’llgotobedrightB.Hedoesn’tfeeltiredatall.C.Hewillstayuplatetonight.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:Mike,it’s00pmGotobed.M:ButIhaven’tfinishedmypaperyet.W:canfinishitM:ThedeadlineisI’llhavetoburnthemidnightoiltonight.第二節(jié)共小題每小題分，滿分分)聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的、、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘聽完后，各第2頁/共26頁小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。6.What’stheadvantageoftheapartment?A.Itssuitablesize.B.Itsnewfurniture.C.Itsgoodcommunity.7.Howmuchshouldthemanpayforrenteachtime?A.$300.B.$900.C.$3600.【答案】6.C7.B【解析】【原文】M:Hi,I’mheretolookattheone-bedroomapartmentyouhaveforrent.W:OK.Followme,please.Asyoucansee,it’sbrightandfurnished.M:That’strue,butit’ssmallerthanIexpected.Butit’sfinewithme.Iliveinitalone,afterall.W:Good.Sodoyoulikeit?M:It’snearmycollegeandit’sinagoodneighborhood.Sowhatabouttherent?W:It’s300dollarsamonthandyouneedtopayforthreemonths’renteachtime.M:Icanacceptthat.AndIwanttorenttheapartmentforawholeyear.8.WhyisMichellehungrynow?A.Sheskippedbreakfast.B.Shedidn’teatenough.C.Shedidphysicalactivity.9.WhatwillMichelledonext?A.Getherselfacross.B.Eatherfoodoutside.C.AskforMr.Brown’spermission.【答案】8.C9.B【解析】【原文】M:Michelle,doyouwanttoeatyoursandwichnow?It’sjust10:30am.W:Iwaswokenupearlybymyfatherandwasaskedtojogwithhimforhalfanhour.Ijusthadsomebreadandtwoeggsthismorning.NowI’mreallystarving.Iusuallydon’tfeelhungrybefore30am.Iguessit’sbecauseofmyjogging.M:ifyoureallywanttoeatnow,Isuggestyougooutside.W:Why?第3頁/共26頁M:Ifyoueatinthestudio,you’llmakeMr.Brownveryangry.Hedoesn’talloweatinghere.W:Iguessyou’reright.Idon’twanttomakehimcross.10.HowdidLindagettoherA.Bycar.B.Bybus.C.Bytrain.HowlongdidLindaarrivehereinadvance?A.10minutes.B.25minutes.C.35minutes.12Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Colleagues.B.Classmates.C.Roommates.【答案】10.CB12.A【解析】【原文】M:Linda,whendidyouleaveyourapartmentthismorning?W:Ididn’tleaveuntil8:10amandIarrivedatthebuildingofourat9:35am.M:Sohowdidyougethere?Didyoudriveortakeabus?W:Neither.Idon’townacaryetandthebusmovestooslowly.ItookthetrainfromHuntingdon.Thecarriagewasalmostempty.ItwascompletelytheoppositetomyBrightoncommutelastyear.M:Didyouimmediatelycometotheafteryouarrivedatthebuilding?W:No.SinceIwasnotexpecteduntil10:00am,Itookaquickstrollaroundtheblock.Ieventooksomepicturesusingmycellphone.IsawthestatuesofShakespeareandCharlieChaplin.IevenhadalookatChinatown.M:Good.Didyoulikeyourfirstdayworkinghere?W:Absolutely.I’mgladIcanworkwithpeoplelikeyouhere.13.Whichartfestivalwasthebiggestaccordingtothewoman?A.TheoneinChicago.B.TheoneinNewC.TheoneinLosAngeles.14.Whatweretheydissatisfiedabouttheartfestival?A.Lackofwatercolorpaintings.B.Lackofaccomplishedartists.第4頁/共26頁C.Lackofsculptures.15.Whydidthemanquitpainting?A.Hepreferredchalkart.B.Hehadatightschedule.C.Hecouldn’ttheexpenses.16.Whatdoesthewomanpromisethemantodo?A.Payforthetaxi.B.Callthereceptionist.C.Bringhimartsupplies.【答案】13.B14.C15.C16.A【解析】【原文】W:Ican’tbelievehowcoolthatartfestivalwaslastnight.AnditwasevenbiggerthantheoneswewenttoinLosAngelesandChicago.M:NewisthebirthplaceofthemodernartmovementintheUS.W:TheonlythingIwasmissingwassculpture.Thewatercolorpaintingsweremyfavorite.M:Iwasalsodisappointedaboutthelackofsculpture,butingeneral,Ilikeditalot.Hey,howlongdoyouthinkittakestobecomeanaccomplishedartist?W:It’stoughtosay.Myuncleisapainter,andittookhim20yearstogettothepointwherehecoulddohisartfull-time.M:Ihavealwaysenjoyedoilpainting,butthematerialsaresoexpensive.Ihadtogiveitup.W:That’stoobad!Iguessweallhavetomakesacrifices.M:MaybeIjustneedacheaperalternative.Myniecehasbeendoingalotofchalkartonherblackboardandsheevenlikestoshowittoherbestfriend.W:shouldstopbytheartsupplystoreonthewayhome.M:OK,aslongasthecostofacabisnottoohigh.Iamonatightbudgetthismonth.W:Thisone’sonme.gotthetaxilastweekend.M:Let’sgotothereceptioncounter.Theycanhelpusfindthetaxistand.17.Whatisthespeakerdoing?A.Deliveringalecture.B.Hostingaprogram.C.Conductingaseminar.18.WhathasagreatinfluenceonStephanie’scareerchoice?第5頁/共26頁A.Herfather’sguidance.B.Herclassmates’help.C.Extensivereading.19.Whydidn’tStephaniegotomedicalschoolaftercollege?A.Shehadfinancialproblems.B.Shefoundajobasachemist.C.ShefellinlovewithChemistry.20.HowdidStephaniefindherworkatDuPont?A.Boring.B.C.Great.【答案】17.B18.A19.A20.C【解析】【原文】M:Goodevening,everyone.Intonight’sprogram-PeopleinHistory,I’dliketotellyousomethingaboutStephanieLouiseKwolek.Asayounggirl,Stephaniewasdifferentfromherclassmates.Shewasanexcellentreaderwithanextremelygoodmemory.Shewasalsoverygoodatmath.Stephanie’sloveoflearningcamefromherfather.Everynightwhenhecamehomefromwork,hesatandreadabookornewspaper.Hewasascientistwhostudiesnature.thefatherandthedaughterwouldwalkintothewoods,collectingleaves,flowers,andseeds.Stephaniestuckherfindsinascrapbook.Herfatherhelpedherlabelandwritedescriptionsofthem.Hediedwhenshewas10,buttheirearlyexplorationstogetherinspiredStephanietopursueacareerinscience.AsStephaniegrewolder,shedecidedtousesciencetohelppeopleandbecomeadoctor.Shestudiedchemistryincollege,butwhenshegraduated,shecouldn’ttogotomedicalschool.Instead,sheworkedandsavedmoney.ShegotajobasachemistattheDuPontCompany.Thejobwassupposedtobetemporary,butStephaniefellinlovewithitandneverlookedback.HerworkatDuPontcombinedherchildhoodloveofscienceandfabricwithherinterestinhelpingpeopleandsolvingproblems,andhercreationswouldchangetheworld.第二部分閱讀共兩節(jié)，滿分分)第一節(jié)共小題每小題分，滿分分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的、、、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。AThebestfilmsof2024chosenbyTheEconomistreleasedon12.22,2023inAmericaIntheyear’sgentlestfilm,alonelyscreenwriter(AndrewScott)visitshischildhoodhomeandmeetstheghostsofhisparents(ClaireFoyandJamieBell).Theywerekilledwhenhewasaboy,butnowhehasonelastchancetotalktothemabouttheirbrieftimetogether.第6頁/共26頁releasedon05.23,2024inFranceSetinIndia,itisasensitivestudyofthreewomen(KaniKusruti,DivyaPrabha,ChhayaKadam)whoworktogetherinabustlingMumbaihospital.Bynight,thecitycharmingglimmersoffreedom,butthelifewithlittlemoneyorindependencereturnsinthemorning.releasedon10.23,2024inAmericaAdreamlike,impressionisticdescriptionoftwoboys(EthanHerisse,BrandonexperiencingacruelracistreformschoolinFloridainthe1960sandtheaftermath(創(chuàng)傷).ThemovieisadaptedfromthePulitzer-prizewinningnovelbyColsonWhitehead,whichisbasedonrealevents.releasedon12.26,2023inSpainThisadaptationofSaraillustratednovelissetinNewinthe1980s.Thisinsightfulanimatedfilmisaboutalonelydogbefriendingarustyrobot.Everyframeisfullofwonderfuljokes,butthefilmdoesnothaveawordofdialogue.21.Whichmovieisthemedontheconflictbetweendreamandreality?A.AllofUsStrangers.B.AllWeImagineasLight.C.NickelBoys.D.RobotDreams.22.Whatdoandhaveincommon?A.Theyareputonin2024.B.Theyareanimatedmovies.C.Theyareadaptedfromnovels.D.TheyarePulitzer-prizewinners.23.Inwhichcolumnarewelikelytoreadthispassage?A.Entertainment.B.C.Fashion.D.Education.【答案】21.B22.C23.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了《經(jīng)濟學(xué)家》評選的2024年部分最佳影片?！?1題詳解】部分中“Bynight,thecitycharmingglimmersoffreedom,butthelifewithlittlemoneyorindependencereturnsinthemorning.(到了晚上，這座城市閃爍著迷人的自由之光，但到了早上，沒錢又不獨立的生活又回來了)”可知，影片中三位女性在夜晚能感受到城市的自由美好，但白天又要面對生活的現(xiàn)實困境，體現(xiàn)了夢想與現(xiàn)實的沖突。故選B項。【22題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)部分中“ThemovieisadaptedfromthePulitzer-prizewinningnovelbyColson第7頁/共26頁Whitehead,whichisbasedonrealevents.(這部電影改編自科爾森·懷特黑德的普利策獎獲獎小說，故事基于真實事件)”和部分中“ThisadaptationofSaraillustratednovelissetinNewinthe1980s.(這部影片改編自莎拉·瓦倫的插畫小說，故事背景設(shè)定在20世紀80年代的紐約)”可知，兩部電影的共同點是都改編自小說。故選C項?！?3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)標題“Thebestfilmsof2024chosenbyTheEconomist(《經(jīng)濟學(xué)家》評選的2024年最佳影片)2024樂板塊。故選A項。BDecadesago,myfriendCaetlinreceivedapeculiarassignmentfromthepoetRobertL.Hass,whowasthenherundergraduateliteratureprofessor.HeinstructedeachstudenttomemorizethreepoemsfromTheNortonAnthologyofAmericanLiteraturenotforanyurgentacademicreasonbuttopreparethemfortheirunavoidablefuturesolitude,claimingthatyou’regoingtobealone,andpoetryisgoingtobeallyouhave.Theactofmemorizingapoemseemedcuriouslyold-fashionedinanerawhenfewofusencounterpoetryatall.Imostlydevotedmyselftoprose(散文).Itwasonlyinmy40sthatIbegantochangemyways.IthappenedinaflighttoSeattle.Forhours,Ireadnothingelsebutapoem,sometimesgoingthrough,sometimesrepeatingoverandover.Attheendofmyflight,Ihadall40linesinmyhead.Memorizingagreatpoemalwaysbeginsasacrime.Theboredomofrepetitionreducesthegreatcharmithas.Butasyoukeeptrying,thelinesfinallycometogetheragain,andthescatteredtexttransformsbackintoatreasure,oftenamorevaluableonethanitwasbefore.Inotherwords,poetryperpetuatesitselfbybecomingapartofthosewhoreadit.Itcandosoonlybecauseitissospecific,soentirelydifferent,thattakingitinexpandsourownsenseofwhatweare.SomeofthepoemsI’vememorizedarealreadyfading,andthat’sfine.IknowifIspendalittletimewiththem,they’llsinginmeagain.Otherskeepthumping(重擊)inmelikeanewpulse.Iwon’tpromiseyouthatmemorizingpoetrywillmakeyourlifebetter,butitwillmakeyoumore:moreintouchwithlanguage,withotherminds,maybewithwhatyoumightyetbecome.24.WhatdidprofessorRobertassignhisstudentstodo?A.Appreciateliteratureworks.B.poemstoavoidfuturesolitude.C.Recitepoemsforpotentialloneliness.D.Memorizepoemsforacademicreasons.第8頁/共26頁25.Whydoestheauthorsaymemorizingapoembeginsasacrime?A.Repetitionmakespoemsboring.B.It’sawaytokilltimeontheplane.C.Theauthorpreferredprosetopoetry.D.Peoplehardlyencounteredpoetrythen.26.Whatdoestheunderlinedwordperpetuatesinparagraph3mean?A.Makesomethingfamous.B.Keepsomethingalive.C.Makesomethingbeautiful.D.Keepsomethingspecial.27.Howdoestheauthorunderstandmemorizingpoetry?A.Itmakesourlifebetter.B.Itleadstothepursuitofdream.C.Itexpandsourlifeproperly.D.Itenrichesourmemorydefinitely.【答案】24.C25.A26.B27.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。文章講述了教授讓學(xué)生為未來可能的孤獨背誦詩歌，作者分享自己背詩的經(jīng)歷，探討了背誦詩歌的意義?！?4題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“HeinstructedeachstudenttomemorizethreepoemsfromTheNortonAnthologyofAmericanLiteraturenotforanyurgentacademicreasonbuttopreparethemfortheirunavoidablefuturesolitude,claimingthatyou’regoingtobealone,andpoetryisgoingtobeallyouhave.(他指示每個學(xué)生從《諾頓美國文學(xué)選集》中背誦三首詩，不是出于任何緊迫的學(xué)術(shù)原因，而是為他們不可避免的未來孤獨做準備，他聲稱你會孤獨，而詩歌將是你僅有的東西)”可知，羅伯特教授讓學(xué)生為潛在的孤獨背誦詩歌。故選C項?！?5題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Memorizingagreatpoemalwaysbeginsasacrime.Theboredomofrepetitionreducesthegreatcharmithas.(背誦一首偉大的詩總是始于一種“罪過”。重復(fù)帶來的無聊感削弱了它原本的巨大魅力)”可知，作者說背誦詩歌始于一種“罪過”是因為重復(fù)讓詩歌變得無聊。故選A項。【26題詳解】Inotherwords”意為“換句話說”，說明劃線詞所在句“Inotherwords,poetryperpetuatesitselfbybecomingapartofthosewhoreadit.(換句話說，詩歌通過成為讀者的一部分而perpetuates自身)”是對前文意思的再解讀。前文“Memorizingagreatpoemalwaysbeginsasacrime.Theboredomofrepetitionreducesthegreatcharmithas.Butasyoukeeptrying,thelinesfinallycometogetheragain,andthescatteredtexttransformsbackintoatreasure,oftenamorevaluableonethanitwasbefore.(背誦一首偉大的詩總是一開始就犯了罪。重復(fù)的無聊降低了它的巨大魅力。但在你不斷努力的過程中，詩句最終會重新第9頁/共26頁組合在一起，分散的文字又重新變成了一件珍寶，而且往往比以前更有價值)”告訴我們，在不斷重復(fù)的過程中，無聊的詩歌會重新變成了一件珍寶，比以前更有價值，換句話說，說明詩歌通過被背誦而成為讀者perpetuatesKeepsomethingalive.”同義。故選B項?！?7題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Iwon’tpromiseyouthatmemorizingpoetrywillmakeyourlifebetter,butitwillmakeyoumore:moreintouchwithlanguage,withotherminds,maybewithwhatyoumightyetbecome.(我不會向你保證背誦詩歌會讓你的生活更美好，但它會讓你更豐富：更能接觸語言、接觸他人的思想，也許還能接觸到你未來可能成為的樣子)”可推知，作者認為背誦詩歌能讓生活更豐富，能適當?shù)赝卣刮覀兊纳?。故選C項。CPayne,whorosetofameatjust16asabandmemberinBritainin2010,facedhugepressurefromayoungage,whichimpactedhismentalhealth.Inanattempttohandlethestressesofhisearlystardom,heturnedtoalcoholanddrugs,andfinallyendedhisownlife.ThetragedyofPayne’sdeathhassparkedawiderdebatewithinthemusicindustryabouttheresponsibilitiesthatcomewithlaunchingyoungstarsintothespotlight.InaninterviewwithTheObserver,BritishsongwriterGuyChamberssuggestedthatunder-18sshouldbebannedfrombecomingpopstars.Hepointedoutmanyyoungstarswerepushedintointenseschedules,oftenperformingupto200datesyearlyindifferentplaces.“They’realwaysbusy.Theseteensstartrelyingonsleepingpillsandstimulants(興奮劑)tokeepthemupfortheshows,”Chamberssaid.Researchhasshownthatyoungartistscameeasilydownwithmentalissues.A2021studyrevealedthat80percentofmusiciansbetweentheagesof18and25struggledwithanxietyanddepression,accordingtotheBBC.Whilepreventingunder-18sfromenteringthemusicindustryisonepossiblepreventativemeasure,couldChambers’ideaworkinpractice?ChrisHerbert,aformerpopmusicmanager,believesthatenforcingaminimumagewouldbedifficulttocarryout.“Theentertainmentindustryhasaverylonghistoryofdeliveringsuccessfulstarsofallages,andtherewillalwaysbeamarketthatwantsyoungartists,”HerberttoldtheBBC.However,Herberthascalledforachangeinthewaytheindustryoperates.Insteadofbanningyoungartists,headvocatesforprovidingthemwiththerighteducationandsupport,includingtrainedchaperones(陪護人),counselors,sociableworkinghours,mealbreaksandregularrest.28.WhatcontributedtoPayne’sstrugglesinthemusicindustry?A.Negativemediacoverage.B.Competitionamongpeers.第10頁/共26頁C.Theresponsibilitiesonstars.D.Thepressureofearlyfame.29.WhydoesGuyChamberssuggestanagebanonyoungstars?A.Theirworktheirhealth.B.Theymanagetheirschedulespoorly.C.Theylacknecessarysupportsystems.D.Theirperformancesarefarfromgood.30.What’sChrisHerbertattitudetoChambers’proposal?A.Objective.B.Approved.C.Opposed.D.Indifferent.31.Whichofthefollowingmaybeasolutionforyoungartistsaccordingtothepassage?A.Improvingtheirprofessionalskills.B.Limitingtheiraccesstosocialmedia.C.Promotingpublicawarenessoftheissue.D.Offeringbettermentalhealth-relatedsupport.【答案】28.D29.A30.C31.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要通過Payne的故事，引發(fā)對年輕明星心理健康的關(guān)注，提出了教育和支持的建議?！?8題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Payne,whorosetofameatjust16asabandmemberinBritainin2010,facedhugepressurefromayoungage,whichimpactedhismentalhealth.Inanattempttohandlethestressesofhisearlystardom,heturnedtoalcoholanddrugs,andfinallyendedhisownlife.(Payne于2010年在英國以樂隊成員的身份在16歲時成名，他從小就面臨著巨大的壓力，這影響了他的心理健康。為了應(yīng)對早期明星生涯帶來的壓力，他開始酗酒和吸毒，最終結(jié)束了自己的生命)”可知，早年成名的壓力使Payne在音樂界舉步維艱。故選D項?！?9題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“InaninterviewwithTheObserver,BritishsongwriterGuyChamberssuggestedthatunder-18sshouldbebannedfrombecomingpopstars.(GuyChambers建議禁止18歲以下人成為流行歌星)”以及“They’realwaysbusy.Theseteensstartrelyingonsleepingpillsandstimulants(興奮劑)tokeepthemupfortheshows,(讓他們在節(jié)目中保持清醒)GuyChambers該禁止未滿18歲的人成為流行明星。故選A項。【30題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“Whilepreventingunder-18sfromenteringthemusicindustryisonepossiblepreventativemeasure,couldChambers’ideaworkinpractice?ChrisHerbert,aformerpopmusicmanager,第11頁/共26頁believesthatenforcingaminimumagewouldbedifficulttocarryout.(雖然防止18歲以下的人進入音樂行業(yè)是Chambers的想法在實踐中可行嗎？前流行音樂經(jīng)理ChrisHerbert年齡將很難)”以及第五段“However,Herberthascalledforachangeinthewaytheindustryoperates.(然而，Herbert呼吁改變該行業(yè)的運作方式)”可知，Herbert認為執(zhí)行最低年齡限制難以實施，且提議用其他方法代替。由此推知，Herbert對Chambers的想法持反對態(tài)度。故選C項。【31題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Insteadofbanningyoungartists,headvocatesforprovidingthemwiththerighteducationandsupport,includingtrainedchaperones(陪護人),counselors,sociableworkinghours,mealbreaksandregularrest.(他主張為年輕藝術(shù)家提供正確的教育和支持，包括訓(xùn)練有素的監(jiān)護人、輔導(dǎo)員、社交工作時間、)Herbert訓(xùn)練的陪護人和顧問。故選D項。DWhileinteractingwithothers,weconveycontentwithourwords,primarily,andintent(意圖)withourbodylanguage.Andwehumanscareaboutintentevenmorethancontentbecauseintentcaneitherreinforceordestroycontent.Oneofthemostdebatedareasofintentisfindingwhetherornotsomeoneislying.Anenormousamountofhumanhasgoneintoincreasingourabilitytodetectliars.TheFBIandtheCIAhavestudiedtheproblemextensively.ThegreatAmericanpsychologistPaulEkmandevotedmuchofhisresearchtoit,andanynumberoftrainingprogramstoincreaseouraccuracyindetectinglies.Whathasbeentheoutcome?studiesdeterminedthathumans,afteralltheareonlyabout54percentaccurateindetectingliars.That’sonlyslightlybetterthanrandomguessingorcoin-flipping.Theresearcherstestedexperimentparticipantswhowatchedvideoswheresomespeakerswerelyingandsomeweretellingthetruth.Theparticipantcaughttheliarsonly43percentofthetimeandpickedthetruth-tellersonly48percentofthetime.That’sworsethanflippingacoin!Then,theresearcherstestedtheunconsciousreadings(潛意識反應(yīng))ofthevolunteersbymeasuringtheirresponse.Theydidmuchbetter.Here’saquickwaytoimproveyourliedetectionrightaway.Firstofall,don’tlookforspecific“tells”.Lookatthewholefaceandbody,goingsoftfocus,andaskyourself:sincereorinsincere?Then,letyourunconsciousgotowork.mayjudgewhetherthewholepictureaddsuptoaconsistentexpressionorrevealssomeinnertension.Forexample,isthemouthsetinasmile,buttheeyesarecold?Insincere.Justoneprinciple.Askyourself:Isthis第12頁/共26頁personsincereorinsincere?Andthentakeinthewholeperson.beabletotellmostofthetime.32.Whydoestheauthormentionmanystudiesinparagraph2?A.giveevidenceofthefinding.B.illustratethedifficultyofdetectinglies.C.revealscientists’totackleproblems.D.highlighttheimportanceofrandomguessing.33.Whatdoesparagraph3mainlytalkabout?A.Thecauseoftheexperiment.B.Theprocessoftheexperiment.C.Theinnovationoftheexperiment.D.Theparticipantsoftheexperiment.34.Whatmethodistodetectlies?A.Analyzingeachgestureindividually.B.Lookingfordetailedcluesonpurpose.C.Focusingonthespecificcontentofthespeech.D.Combiningunconsciouswithgeneralimpression.35.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.Contentorintent?B.Whatshouldwedowithlies?C.Sincereorinsincere?D.Howgoodareweatdetectingliars?【答案】32.B33.B34.D35.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要講述了測謊的困難及有效測謊的方法?！?2題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“Anenormousamountofhumanhasgoneintoincreasingourabilitytodetectliars.TheFBIandtheCIAhavestudiedtheproblemextensively.ThegreatAmericanpsychologistPaulEkmandevotedmuchofhisresearchtoit,andanynumberoftrainingprogramstoincreaseouraccuracyindetectinglies.Whathasbeentheoutcome?studiesdeterminedthathumans,afteralltheareonlyabout54percentaccurateindetectingliars.That’sonlyslightlybetterthanrandomguessingorcoin-flipping.(大量的人力投入到提FBI和CIAPaulEkman也投入了54%)”可第13頁/共26頁推知，作者提到許多研究是為了說明檢測謊言的困難。故選B?！?3題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第三段“Theresearcherstestedexperimentparticipantswhowatchedvideoswheresomespeakerswerelyingandsomeweretellingthetruth.Theparticipantcaughttheliarsonly43percentofthetimeandpickedthetruth-tellersonly48percentofthetime.That’sworsethanflippingacoin!Then,theresearcherstestedtheunconsciousreadings(潛意識反應(yīng))ofthevolunteersbymeasuringtheirresponse.Theydidmuchbetter.(究人員對觀看視頻的實驗參與者進行了測試，其中一些人在撒謊，一些人在說實話。參與者只有43%的時間抓住了騙子，只有48%的時間選擇了說實話的人。這比拋硬幣還糟糕！然后，研究人員通過測量志愿者的反)”謊，另一些人在說真話。接著提到參與者識別說謊者和說真話者的準確率，以及通過測量參與者的潛意識反應(yīng)來提高識別準確率，這些都是實驗過程的描述。故選B?！?4題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段的“Firstofall,don’tlookforspecific“tells”.Lookatthewholefaceandbody,goingsoftfocus,andaskyourself:sincereorinsincere?Then,letyourunconsciousgotowork.(首先，不要刻意尋找特定的“跡象”。要全面觀察面部和身體，采取柔和的焦點，并問自己：真誠還是不真誠？然后，讓你的潛意識去發(fā)揮作用)”可知，測謊的方法是不要尋找特定的“跡象”，而是看整個面部和身體，保持柔和的焦點，然后讓潛意識去發(fā)揮作用。也就是將潛意識與總體印象相結(jié)合。故選D。【35題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其是第二段的“Anenormousamountofhumanhasgoneintoincreasingourabilitytodetectliars.TheFBIandtheCIAhavestudiedtheproblemextensively.ThegreatAmericanpsychologistPaulEkmandevotedmuchofhisresearchtoit,andanynumberoftrainingprogramstoincreaseouraccuracyindetectinglies.Whathasbeentheoutcome?studiesdeterminedthathumans,afteralltheareonlyabout54percentaccurateindetectingliars.That’sonlyslightlybetterthanrandomguessingorcoin-flipping.(大量的人力投入到提高我們檢測說謊者的能力中，F(xiàn)BI和CIA廣泛研究了這個問題，美國偉大的心理學(xué)家PaulEkman也投入了大量研究，但結(jié)果是經(jīng)過所有努力后，人類檢測說謊者的準確率僅為54%，只比隨機猜測或拋硬幣略好)”可知，文章討論了人類在檢測謊言方面的準確性，以及如何改進檢測謊言的方法。因此適合用“我們在識別謊言方面有多擅長？”作為標題。故選D。第二節(jié)共5小題每小題分，滿分分)Self-disciplineistheabilitytopushyourselfforward,staymotivated,andtakeaction,regardlessofhowyou’第14頁/共26頁refeeling,physicallyoremotionally.Itisabasiclifeskillthatdeterminessuccess,well-being,andhappiness.___36___a___37___canpracticeself-disciplineonverysmallgoalssuchasconcentratingonabookforanhourwithoutcheckingyourmessages,oravoidingunhealthyfoodforoneday.Remember,startingsmallisagoodwaytostartdevelopingyourself-discipline.____38____Onceyou’vechosenagoal,listthereasonswhyyouwanttoachieveit.toexpressthesereasonsinapositiveway,andyou’llfinditmucheasiertogetthejobdone.Insteadofsaying“Iwanttogetthistaskmyto-dolist”,say“IwanttodothistasksothatIcanmeetmyobjectivesandfeelsatisfiedwithmyself!”Nowyouneedtoidentifytheobstaclesthatyou’lllikelytofacewhenworkingtowardyourgoal.Imaginethatyourgoalistoreadonebookaweektoenhanceyourreadingskills.mayfaceanumberofobstaclesinreachingthisgoal.___39___mayalsogetdistractedbythingsaroundyou.Onceyou’veidentifiedobstacles,comeupwithastrategytoovercomeeachone.Asyouworkonyourself-discipline,payattentiontohowyou’refeeling.___40___Thisreinforcesthepositivechangesthatyou’reexperiencinginyourlife,andgivesyouarecordthatyoucanlookbackontoseetheprogressthatyou’vemade.A.Findyourmotivation.BBehaveinapositiveway.C.Nevergiveintothebarriersyoucomeacross.D.Forexample,it’shardtofindtimeeachdaytoread.E.Beginbychoosingjustonegoalthatyouwanttofocuson.F.Keepajournaltowritedownyourgoalandtotrackyourprogress.G.Herearesomescience-backedstrategiestobecomemoreself-disciplinedinlife.【答案】36.G37.E38.A39.D40.F【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要講述了自我約束的重要性，并給出了五條提高生活中自我約束能力第15頁/共26頁的、有科學(xué)依據(jù)的策略?！?6題詳解】由上文“Self-disciplineistheabilitytopushyourselfforward,staymotivated,andtakeaction,regardlessofhowyou’refeeling,physicallyoremotionally.Itisabasiclifeskillthatdeterminessuccess,well-being,andhappiness.(自律是促使自己前進、保持動力并采取行動的能力，無論你在身體或情感上感覺如何。它是一種基本的生活技能，決定著成功、幸福和健康。)”和下文“Chooseagoal.(選擇一個目標)”可知，上文主要講述了自律的含義和重要性，下文主要講述了提高自律性的具體方法。本空應(yīng)承上啟下，強調(diào)恰當?shù)?、科學(xué)的更加自律的策略。G選項“Herearesomescience-backedstrategiestobecomemoreself-disciplinedinlife.(以下是一)G選項中“strategies”的具體說明。故選G?！?7題詳解】由上文“Chooseagoal.(選擇一個目標。)”及下文“canpracticeself-disciplineonverysmallgoalssuchasconcentratingonabookforanhourwithoutcheckingyourmessages,oravoidingunhealthyfoodforoneday.(你可以在一些非常小的目標上練習(xí)自律，比如在不查看信息的情況下專注讀書一個小時，或者一天不吃不健康的食物。)”可知，上文提到了選擇一個目標，下文則是對這一目標的舉例說明，且提到了目標很小。本空應(yīng)強調(diào)自律要從一個目標開始。E選項“Beginbychoosingjustonegoalthatyouwanttofocuson.(從你想要專注的一個目標開始。)”能承上啟下，符合題意。故選E?！?8題詳解】由下文“Onceyou’vechosenagoal,listthereasonswhyyouwanttoachieveit.(一旦你選擇了目標，就列出你想要實現(xiàn)它的原因。)”可知，本空應(yīng)強調(diào)列出想要實現(xiàn)目標的原因，即要找到動機。A選項“Findyourmotivation.(找到你的動機。)”符合題意，且下文中的“thereasonswhyyouwanttoachieveit”與A選項中的“motivation”相呼應(yīng)。故選A?！?9題詳解】由上文“Nowyouneedtoidentifytheobstaclesthatyou’lllikelytofacewhenworkingtowardyourgoal.Imaginethatyourgoalistoreadonebookaweektoenhanceyourreadingskills.mayfaceanumberofobstaclesinreachingthisgoal.(現(xiàn)在你需要識別出你在努力實現(xiàn)目標的過程中可能會遇到的