第四課時(shí)名詞性從句1/31單句語(yǔ)法填空/單句改錯(cuò)1.Asnaturalarchitects，thePuebloIndiansfiguredoutexactly________thicktheadobe(土坯)wallsneededtobetomakethecycleworkonmostdays.(·全國(guó)Ⅱ，70)2.Thesummerholidayiscoming.MyclassmatesandIaretalkingabouthowtododuringtheholiday.(·全國(guó)Ⅱ，短文改錯(cuò))3.MyuncleistheownerofarestaurantclosetothatIlive.(·全國(guó)Ⅰ，短文改錯(cuò))[感

悟

高

考]2/314.

Afterlookingatthetoyforsometime,heturnedaroundandfoundwherehisparentsweremissing.(·全國(guó)Ⅱ，短文改錯(cuò))5.ThisishowIneedtoimproveinthefuture.(·全國(guó)綱領(lǐng)，短文改錯(cuò))答案1.how

2.how→what

3.that→where4.where→that

5.how→what3/31考點(diǎn)一主語(yǔ)從句

規(guī)則?

引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句連接詞以下：who，that，which，what，when，where，how，whether，why，whoever，whichever，whatever等。 ThatyouarecomingtoLondonisthebestnewsIhaveheardthislongtime.

長(zhǎng)久以來(lái)我聽(tīng)到最好消息就是你要來(lái)倫敦。 Whatstruckmemostinthemoviewasthefather’sdeeploveforhisson.

影片中最打動(dòng)我是父親對(duì)他兒子深深愛(ài)。[考

點(diǎn)

清

單]4/31規(guī)則?

主語(yǔ)從句普通放在句首，但有時(shí)也可用it作形式主語(yǔ)，而將主語(yǔ)從句移到句子末尾。常見(jiàn)句型：(1)It＋be＋形容詞(necessary/likely/important/uncertain等)＋that從句。Itisuncertainwhatsideeffectthemedicinewillbringabout，althoughabouttwothousandpatientshavetakenit.盡管大約兩千名患者已經(jīng)服用了這種藥，不過(guò)它會(huì)帶來(lái)什么樣副作用還不清楚。5/31(2)It＋be＋名詞(短語(yǔ))(apity/ashame/nowonder/nosurprise等)＋that從句。It’snosurprise

thatourteamhaswonthegame.我們隊(duì)獲勝一點(diǎn)都不令人吃驚。(3)It＋be＋過(guò)去分詞(said/reported/decided/believed等)＋that從句。ItisdecidedthatthemeetinghasbeenputofftillnextMonday.會(huì)議被推遲到下周一召開(kāi)已經(jīng)定下來(lái)了。6/31考點(diǎn)二表語(yǔ)從句

規(guī)則?

表語(yǔ)從句引導(dǎo)詞主要有：that(不可省略)，whether(不能換成if)，what，who，which，how，why，when，where，whoever，wherever，asif/though等。 Thequestioniswhetherwecanmakegoodpreparationinsuchashorttime.

問(wèn)題是我們是否能夠在如此短時(shí)間內(nèi)做好準(zhǔn)備。7/31規(guī)則?

because引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句強(qiáng)調(diào)原因，而why引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)果。IfI’mabitsleepy，it’sbecauseIwasupallnight.假如我有點(diǎn)困，是因?yàn)橐灰箾](méi)睡。That’swhyIobjecttotheplan.這就是我反對(duì)這個(gè)計(jì)劃原因。8/31考點(diǎn)三賓語(yǔ)從句

規(guī)則?

引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句連接詞：隸屬連詞that，whether，if；連接代詞what，who，whose，whatever，whichever，whoever等；連接副詞when，where，why，how等；從句用陳說(shuō)語(yǔ)序。 WemustfindoutwhenKarliscoming，sowecanbookaroomforhim.

我們必須搞清楚卡爾什么時(shí)候來(lái)，方便我們能夠?yàn)樗A(yù)訂房間。9/31規(guī)則?

形式賓語(yǔ)it：在動(dòng)詞find，feel，consider，make，believe，think等后面有賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)時(shí)候則需要用it作形式賓語(yǔ)而將that賓語(yǔ)從句后置。ImadeitclearthatIwasdeterminedtocarryouttheplan.我很清楚，我已下定決心實(shí)施這項(xiàng)計(jì)劃。規(guī)則?

有些動(dòng)詞不能直接跟賓語(yǔ)從句，需要借助形式賓語(yǔ)it。常見(jiàn)這類動(dòng)詞有l(wèi)ike，dislike，hate，love，enjoy，appreciate等。HehatesitwhenpeopleplayhisiPhone7.他討厭他人玩他蘋(píng)果7。10/31考點(diǎn)四同位語(yǔ)從句

規(guī)則?

同位語(yǔ)從句常放在fact，news，idea，truth，hope，problem，information，belief等詞后面，對(duì)前面名詞作深入解釋、說(shuō)明。 Theproblemwhetherweshouldcontinuetodotheexperimenthasn’tbeensolved.

我們是否應(yīng)該繼續(xù)做試驗(yàn)這一問(wèn)題還沒(méi)處理。

規(guī)則?

同位語(yǔ)從句引導(dǎo)詞只起引導(dǎo)作用，不在句中作任何成份，普通不可省略。 ThenewsthatSunYanghadwonthegamespreadoverthewholeschool.

孫楊贏得比賽消息很快就傳遍了整個(gè)學(xué)校。11/31考點(diǎn)五whether/if(是否)引導(dǎo)名詞性從句

規(guī)則?

whether和if在賓語(yǔ)從句中經(jīng)常能夠交換。但在引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句、表語(yǔ)從句和同位語(yǔ)從句時(shí)普通用whether不用if。

規(guī)則?

但與or或ornot連用時(shí)只能用whether。 Idon’tknowwhetherornotthereportistrue.

我不知道報(bào)道是否真。

規(guī)則?

但從句作介詞賓語(yǔ)時(shí)只能用whether。 Iworryaboutwhetherhecanpassthroughthecrisisofhisillness.

我擔(dān)心他是否能熬過(guò)這次疾病關(guān)鍵時(shí)刻。12/311.【誤】Hegotill；thiswaswhyhehadeatentoomuch.

【正】Hegotill；thiswasbecausehehadeatentoomuch.

【探究】thiswasbecause...那是因?yàn)椤?；thiswaswhy……那就是……原因。[正

誤

探

究]13/312.【誤】Foronething，thatyouarestudyingisbadlyneedednowadaysinourcountry.

【正】Foronething，whatyouarestudyingisbadlyneedednowadaysinourcountry.

【探究】what在名詞性從句中可作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ)；而that本身沒(méi)有意義，不作任何成份，只起連接作用。3.【誤】Ourteamwonthematchpleasedusverymuch.

【正】Thatourteamwonthematchpleasedusverymuch.

【探究】that引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句時(shí)即使只起引導(dǎo)作用，但通常不能省略。14/314.【誤】Ifyoucanmakeprogressinyourstudydependsonwhetheryoutryyourbest.

【正】Whetheryoucanmakeprogressinyourstudydependsonwhetheryoutryyourbest.

【探究】if引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句不能放在句首，這時(shí)要用whether。15/31易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)1

what與that在名詞性從句中區(qū)分 (1)________IwanttotellyouisthedeeploveandrespectIhaveformyparents.

誤填That

答案What

[本題考查主語(yǔ)從句。句意：我想對(duì)你說(shuō)是我對(duì)父母親深深愛(ài)和尊重。句子謂語(yǔ)為is，之前為主語(yǔ)從句，從句中缺乏動(dòng)詞tell直接賓語(yǔ)，指事物，故填what。][易

錯(cuò)

防

范]16/31(2)Expertsbelieve________peoplecanwastelessfoodbyshoppingonlywhenitisnecessary.(·北京，33)誤填what答案that

[本題考查賓語(yǔ)從句。句意：教授們相信人們只在必需時(shí)候購(gòu)物就會(huì)浪費(fèi)更少食物。動(dòng)詞believe之后為賓語(yǔ)從句，從句陳說(shuō)一個(gè)事實(shí)，結(jié)構(gòu)完整，不缺乏成份，故用that。]17/31【點(diǎn)撥】that在其引導(dǎo)名詞性從句中只起引導(dǎo)作用，不作句子成份；而what在名詞性從句中起雙重作用，既作成份，又能引導(dǎo)句子。故做題關(guān)鍵在于分析從句中是否缺乏成份。即在that/what之間，若從句缺成份就選what，反之that。18/31易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)2

whatever與what；whoever與who區(qū)分 (1)Wepromise________attendsthepartyachancetohaveaphototakenwiththemoviestar.(·福建，35)

誤填who

答案whoever

[考查賓語(yǔ)從句連接詞。句意：我們?cè)手Z向任何參加聚會(huì)人提供一個(gè)和那位電影明星合影機(jī)會(huì)。參加聚會(huì)任何人whoever相當(dāng)于anyonewho，whoever引導(dǎo)從句作promise賓語(yǔ)，同時(shí)whoever又在從句中充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)。]19/31(2)Thenewcomerwenttothelibrarytheotherdayandsearchedfor________hecouldfindaboutMarkTwain.(·遼寧，34)誤填what答案whatever

[考查賓語(yǔ)從句。介詞for后面加是賓語(yǔ)從句，且從句中find缺乏賓語(yǔ)，所以用whatever。]20/31【點(diǎn)撥】在名詞性從句中，引導(dǎo)詞whatever，whoever均泛指，分別可轉(zhuǎn)換成anythingthat，anyonewho，并將其代入，這么解題便輕松多了。21/31易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)3名詞性從句與其它從句混同不清 We’relivingin________peoplecall“InformationAge”，soeverythingispossible.

誤填which

答案what

[句意：我們生活在信息時(shí)代，所以一切皆有可能。介詞in后跟賓語(yǔ)從句。在從句中動(dòng)詞call后缺賓語(yǔ)，故用what。]22/31【點(diǎn)撥】搞清連接代詞與連接副詞區(qū)分。關(guān)系代詞who，whose，whom，that，which有詞義，在從句中作主語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)或定語(yǔ)等。when，where，why，how有詞義，在從句中作狀語(yǔ)。that無(wú)詞義，不作成份。if/whether有詞義，在名詞性從句中不作成份。

23/31Ⅰ.用適當(dāng)連接詞填空1.Itisoftenthecase________anythingispossibleforthosewhohangontohope.(·江蘇，21)2.Yoursupportisimportanttoourwork.________youcandohelps.(·北京，24)3.Themanagerputforwardasuggestion________weshouldhaveanassistant.Thereistoomuchworktodo.(·天津，11)4.Themostpleasantthingoftherainyseasonis________onecanbeentirelyfreefromdust.(·北京，29)[針

對(duì)

訓(xùn)

練]24/315.Ashipinharborissafe，butthat’snot________shipsarebuiltfor.6.Itrulybelieve________beautycomesfromwithin.7.________weunderstandthingshasalottodowithwhatwefeel.8.—Iwonder________Maryhaskeptherfigureafteralltheseyears. —Byworkingouteveryday.25/319.________LiBai，agreatChinesepoet，wasbornisknowntothepublic，butsomewon’tacceptit.10.Ifyouswiminariverorlake，besuretoinvestigate________isbelowthewatersurface.Oftentherearerocksorbrancheshiddeninthewater.答案1.that

2.Whatever

3.that

4.that

5.what

6.that

7.How

8.how

9.Where

10.what26/31Ⅱ.單句改錯(cuò)(每句僅1處錯(cuò)誤)1.Thatcollegestudentsaremainlyconcernedaboutisemploymentandtheirdreamtohavewell-paidjobswheretheycanlivetheirlivestothefullest.2.ThereisnodoubtifEnglishhasbecomeauniversallanguagenowadays.3.Thatyoushouldlearnishowtowritedownthemostimportantwords，notthewholesentence.Rememberthatyouneedinformation，notsentences.4.Ifeelitaterriblethingwhichmymothershouldhavetotoilsoendlessly.27/315.Thefactiswhathedidn’tnoticethecaruntiltoolate.6.Secondly，watchingTVisagoodwaytokilloursparetime.Finally，wecanpredictthatmayhappeninthefutureandbeprepared.7.Astimewenton，IrealizedwhatridiculousIhadbeenatthattime.8.NowIamwritingtotellyouthatmycityhasdonetoreducetrafficjamsinthelastfewyears.28/319.Ihadthoughtifperhapsthewomanwouldblametheman.Beyondmyexpectations，thewomanansweredwithasmile.10.Fortunately，Ihadamobilephonewithme，soIcalledthepolice