SHANGHAIPRESENTATIONOFINTRDDUCESHANGHAICONTENTPart1Namer…………4-6Part2History…………7-9Part3Economy…………10-12Part4Education………13-15Part5Transport…………16-18Part6Architecture………19-21Part7Culture…………22-24Part1NamerPRESENTATIONOFINTRDDUCESHANGHAI上海shanghaiThetwoChinesecharactersinthecity'snameare_h(shang,"above")and;f|(hai,"sea"),togethermeaning"Upon-the-Sea".Theearliestoccurrenceofthisnamedatesfromthe11th-centurySongDynasty,atwhichtimetherewasalreadyariverconfluenceandatownwiththisnameinthearea.滬申Shanghaiisofficiallyabbreviated;P(Hu)inChinese,acontractionof(HuDu,lit"HarpoonDitch"),a4th-or5th-centuryJinnameforthemouthofSuzhouCreekwhenitwasthemainconduitintotheocean.AnotheralternativenameforShanghaiisShen(^)orShencheng($%,"ShenCity"),fromLordChunshen,athird-centuryBCnoblemanandprimeministerofthestateofChu,whosefiefincludedmodernShanghai.NICKNAMESThecityalsovariousnicknamesinEnglish,including

PEARLOFTHEORIENTPEARLOFTHEEASTPart2HistoryPRESENTATIONOFINTRDDUCESHANGHAIEARLYMODERNHISTORYThewalledOldCityofShanghaiinthe17thcenturyTHEBUNDIN1928TheWWImonumentintheforegroundwasdestroyedbytheJapaneseduringWWIPart3EconomyPRESENTATIONOFINTRDDUCESHANGHAISHANGHAIisoneofthemainindustrialcentersofChina,playingakeyroleinChina'sheavyindustries.Alargenumberofindustrialzones,includingShanghaiHongqiaoEconomicandTechnologicalDevelopmentZone,JinqiaoExportEconomicProcessingZone,MinhangEconomicandTechnologicalDevelopmentZone,andShanghaiCaohejingHigh-TechDevelopmentZone,arebackbonesofShanghai'ssecondaryindustry.PANORAMIC

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haihastheword’sbusiestcontainerport,whichhadled29.05millionTEUsin2010.Shanghaiaimstobeaninternationalshippingcenterinthenearfuture.Part4EducationPRESENTATIONOFINTRDDUCESHANGHAISHANGHAItookthetopspotinthe2009and2012ProgramforInternationalStudentAssessment(PISA),aworldwidestudyofacademicperformanceof15-year-oldstudentsconductedbytheOECD.Shanghaistudents,includingmigrantchildren,scoredhighestineveryaspect(math,readingandscience)intheworld.Thestudyconcludesthatpublic-fundedschoolsinShanghaihavethehighesteducationalqualityintheworld.CriticsofPISAresultscounterthatinShanghaiandotherChinesecities,mostchildrenofmigrantworkerscanonlyattendcityschoolsuptotheninthgrade,andmustreturntotheirparents'hometownsforhighschoolduetohukourestrictions,thusskewingthecompositionofthecity'shighschoolstudentsinfavorofwealthierlocalfamilies.Shanghaiisthefirstcityinthecountrytoimplement9-yearmandatoryeducation.The2010censusshowsthatoutofShanghai'stotalpopulation,22.0%hadacollegeeducation,doublethelevelfrom2000,while21.0%hadhighschool,36.5%middleschool,and1.35%primaryschooleducation.2.74%ofresidentsage15andolderwereilliterate.Shanghaihasmorethan930kindergartens,1,200primaryand850middleschools.Over760,000middleschoolsstudentsand871,000primaryschoolstudentsaretaughtby76,000and64,000teachingstaffrespectively.Part5TransportPRESENTATIONOFINTRDDUCESHANGHAIShanghaiisoneoftheleadingairtransportgatewaysinAsia.Thecityhastwocommercialairports:ShanghaiPudongInternationalAirportandShanghaiHongqiaoInternationalAirport.PudongAirportisthemaininternationalairport,whileHongqiaoAirportmainlyoperatesdomesticflightswithlimitedshort-haulinternationalflights.In2010thetwoairportsserved71.7millionpassengers(Pudong40.4million,Hongqiao31.3million),andhandled3.7milliontonsofcargo(Pudong3.22milliontons,Hongqiao480thousandtons).AIRShanghaihasfourmajorrailwaystations:ShanghaiRailwayStation,ShanghaiSouthRailwayStation,ShanghaiWestRailwayStation,andShanghaiHongqiaoRailwayStation.ThreeareconnectedtothemetronetworkandserveashubsintherailwaynetworkofChina.TwomainrailwaysterminateinShanghai:JinghuRailwayfromBeijing,andHuhangRailwayfromHangzhou.HongqiaoStationalsoservesasthemainShanghaiterminusofthreehigh-speedraillines:theShanghat-HangzhouHigh-SpeedRailway,theShanghai-NanjingHigh-SpeedRailway,andtheBeijing-ShanghaiHigh-SpeedRailway.RAILWAYShanghaihasanextensivepublictransportsystem,largelybasedonmetros,busesandtaxis.PaymentofallthesepublictransportationtoolscanbemadebyusingtheShanghaiPublicTransportationCard.Shanghai'srapidtransitsystem,theShanghaiMetro,incorporatesbothsubwayandlightrailwaylinesandextendstoeverycoreurbandistrictaswellasneighboringsuburbandistricts.Shanghaialsohastheworld'smostextensivenetworkofurbanbusroutes,withnearlyonethousandbuslines,operatedbynumeroustransportationcompanies.Thesystemincludestheworld'soldesttrolleybussystem.Busfarenormallycosts2RMB.PUBLICTRANSPORTPart6ArchitecturePRESENTATIONOFINTRDDUCESHANGHAIShanghaihasarichcollectionofbuildingsandstructuresofvariousarchitecturalstyles.TheBund,locatedbythebankoftheHuangpuRiver,containsarichcollectionofearly20th-centuryarchitecture,ranginginstylefromneoclassicalHSBCBuildingtotheartdecoSassoonHouse.Anumberofareasintheformerforeignconcessionsarealsowell-preserved,themostnotableonesbeingtheFrenchConcession.Shanghaihasoneoftheworld'slargestnumberofArtDecobuildingsasaresultoftheconstructionboomduringthe1920sand1930s.OneofthemostfamousarchitectsworkinginShanghaiwasLaszloHudec,aHungarian-Slovakarchitectwholivedinthecitybetween1918-1947.SomeofhismostnotableArtDecobuildingsincludetheParkHotelandtheGrandTheater.OtherprominentarchitectswhocontributedtotheArtDecostyleareParker&Palmer,whodesignedthePeaceHotel,MetropoleHotel,andtheBroadwayMansions,andAustrianarchitectGHGondawhodesignedtheCapitalTheatre.TheBund'sfirstrevitalizationstartedin1986withanewpromenadebytheDutchArchitectPaulusSnoeren,thecompletionwasinthemid-1990s.PANORAMICVIEWDFTHEBUNDShanghaiExhibitionCentre,anexampleofSovietneoclassicalarchitectureinShanghaiEnchantedStorybookCastleofShanghaiDisneylandShanghaiWorldFinancialCenterand