2024—2025學(xué)年遼寧省阜新市育才教育集團(tuán)高二下學(xué)期開學(xué)考試英語(yǔ)試卷

一、閱讀理解(★★)TheFutureofMuseums:EducationProgrammesMuseumshavelongenjoyedafruitfulrelationshipwithprimaryandsecondaryschools,workingwiththeeducationdepartmenttodevelopengagingcontentandvitalresources.AneventcalledTheFutureofMuseums:EducationProgrammesthatwillbeheldfromMondaytoThursdaynextmonthlooksatthecurrentlandscapeforschoolprogrammes,andexploreshowmuseumsmightadapttheirprogrammesintothefuture.It’sAugustnow,andtheeventiscomingsoon.Theprogrammeincludesgroupdiscussions,casestudiesandpractice-ledpresentationsonadiverserangeofissues.EventfeesVIPMember—￡35OrdinaryMember—￡45Non-member—￡65Notamember?Jointodayandpayadiscountedpriceforthiseventaswellasreceivinglotsofothergreatbenefits.ImportantbookinginformationPleasesigninandchecktheemailaddressonyourprofilebeforebooking.Yourconfirmationandjoininginstructionemailswillgototheemailaddressyouusetoenterthewebsite.Ifyoucreateanewrecordwithadifferentemailaddress,yourmembershipwillnotberecognizedandyouwillbechargedtheincorrectfee.Youcancheckandchangeyouremailaddressbeforebooking.HowattendingthiseventhelpsyourprofessionaldevelopmentTheFutureofMuseums:EducationProgrammesprimarilyrelatestothedevelopingselfandothers,theabilityareasofsustaining(維持)partnerships.Itclearlyshowsdifferentareasofabilityandlevelswithinthoseareas,whichyoushouldbeaimingtoachievethroughoutyourwork.Oureventwillhelpyoutargetyourlearningandcreatefocusintheevent.Finally,youwillfindthatattendingtheeventhelpsyourprofessionaldevelopment.1.Whatistherighttimeforattendingtheevent?

A．Tues.26August.B．Wed.27August.C．Thur.26September.D．Fri.27September.2.Howmuchwillacouplewhoaren’tmemberspayfortheevent?

A．￡35.B．￡45.C．￡65.D．￡130.3.Whatcantheparticipantsgainfromtheevent?

A．Thewayofearningmoremoney.B．Thesupportoftheircareerdevelopment.C．Thesenseofachievementintheirwork.D．Thestrategyofstartingapartnership.(★★★)Theysaiditcouldn’tbedone.Theysaidhewascrazy.Theysaidhewouldnevermakeit.ButDuaneHansenandhisbeautifulpumpkin,whichhenamedBerta,provedthemallwrong.LikeCinderella’sfairygodmother,thisNebraskamanprovedthatyoureallycanturnapumpkinintoafunctionalvehicle—inthiscase,aseaworthyvessel(船).Yes,youreadthatright.Hansenwantedtocelebratehis60thbirthdaybyhollowingouthisprized846-poundpumpkinandsailingdowntheMissouriRiverinsideit.NotonlydidHansenenjoyapumpkinsailonhisspecialday,buthis38-milejourneyalsolandedhimaworldrecord!Incaseyouwondered,thepreviousworldrecordforthelongestsailinapumpkinwas25miles,setbyaNorthDakotamanin2018.Itwasn’taneasyjourney.Growingapumpkinbigenoughtouseasaboatisalreadyachallenge.Then,therewashischosenwaterway.ThecityofBellevue,Nebraska,postedaphotograghofHansenonthewaterthatoffersareminderofjusthowbigtheMissouriRiveris.“HehasalwayssaidthatyoucandoanythingyouwantandI’mjustsoproud,”Hansen’sdaughterMorganBuchholzsaid.Hansenreportedlyspentnearlyadecadetryingtogrowapumpkinbigenoughtoworkasasailingvessel.Hewasinspiredtobeginhismissionaftermeetingawomanwhohadpreviouslywon“theBiggestPumpkinCompetition”.Heaskedhermanyquestionsaboutherexperience.Asforhispumpkin-sailingfuture,“I’mdonewiththis.”Hansensaidthatthevoyagemadehiskneesache.Thewake(尾流)fromboatswasrough,andwhentheypassed,hesaidhehadtostopeverythingandjusthangon.“Ifsomebodybreaksthisrecord,Iwill,like,bowdowntothembecausetheyaretough,”hesaid.4.WhydidHansengoonapumpkinjourney?

A．Toobservehisbirthday.B．Toshowhisprizedpumpkin.C．Tobreakaworldrecord.D．Toprovepumpkincouldbeavessel.5.WhatdidHansendotomakehisjourneypossible?

A．Hechoseacalmwaterway.B．Hetalkedwiththepreviousrecordholder.C．Heconvincedhisfamilytosupporthisplan.D．Heworkedalongtimetogrowthepumpkin.6.Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?

A．Hiskneesgotseriouslyinjuredinthesailing.B．Hisvesselturedoverinthewakefromboats.C．Hansenwillrespectwhoeverbreakshisrecord.D．Hansenwillcontinuethepumpkin-sailinginfuture.7.WhatdoesHansen’sstorytellus?

A．Itisnevertoooldtolearn.B．Timeandtidewaitfornoman.C．Wherethere’sawill,there’saway.D．Fearalwaysspringsfromignorance(★★★)Tostudythebehaviorofmysteriousanimals,scientistsroutinelyfixthemwithGPSlocationtrackers.Butsuchdevices’batterycapacitylimitshowlongtheyoperate,oftenbringinganearlyendtovitalconservationwork.Solar-poweredtrackersbreakeasily,makingthemapoorchoicefordevicestiedtolargermammals—andtheydon’tworkfornocturnal(夜行的)creatures.SobiologistRasmusWorsoeHavmolleroftheUniversityofCopenhagenandhiscolleaguesturnedtoanotherabundantpowersource:kineticenergy(動(dòng)能)generatedbyananimal’smovements.Theirkinetictracker,whichHavmoller’steamrecentlytestedondomesticdogs,awildsmallhorseandaEuropeanbison,couldtheoreticallysurvivefortheentirelifespanofanactiveanimal.Itisalsolighterandcheapertomakethanitsbattery-poweredcounterparts.“Thedesigniscleverandexciting,”saysMarkHebblewhite,ahabitatecologistattheUniversityofMontana,whowasnotinvolvedwiththenewwork.Theproof-of-conceptkinetictrackerworksbymeansofamagneticpendulum(磁擺)thatswingsaroundacoppercoil,generatingelectricityasthetaggedanimalmoves.Thedogsandbisoninthestudywereactiveenoughtocreatetheenergytotransmitonelocationperdayfor14daysand17days,respectively.Oneofthewildhorse’strackerslastedatleast146daysbutdidn’tgenerateadequatepowerfordailytransmissions,theresearchersreportedinPLoSONE.“Thelimitedpowergeneratedbytheanimals’movementsmeansthetechnologyisn’treadyforprimetimejustyet,”saysecologistEmilyStuddofBritishColumbia’sThompsonRiversUniversity,whowasn’tinvolvedinthestudy.Whentheresearcherswanttomonitoranimalsclosely,theyoftenneedGPSfixesmorethanonceaday.ButStuddsaysthat“withabitmoredevelopment,thiscouldbeagamechangerforwildlifeanimalresearchandmonitoring”.Havmollerandhiscolleagueshopeconservationworkerscanonedayusethistechnologytotrackspeciessuchastigers,leopardsandwolves,whichcaneasilydestroysolar-poweredtrackersandwhichhuntandtravelatnight.8.WhatisthemainproblemwithcurrentGPSlocationtrackersusedinconservationwork?

A．Theirbatteriesareharmfultoanimals.B．Theirbatterylifeislimited.C．Theysendweaksignals.D．Theybreakeasily.9.Whatisthemainlimitationofthekinetictrackertechnology?

A．Itisexpensivetomake.B．Itisn’tsuitableforlargermammals.C．Itdoesn’tworkfornocturnalcreatures.D．Itcan’tproduceenoughpowerfordailytransmissions.10.WhatdoesEmilyStuddthinkofthekinetictrackertechnology?

A．Itneedsimprovement.B．Itcanbewidelyusednow.C．Ithasreacheditsprimetime.D．Itisn’tgoodformonitoringwildlife.11.What’sthebesttitleforthetext?

A．TheImportanceofWildlifeTrackersB．TheMeaningofMonitoringDifferentWildAnimalsC．ToughNewWildlifeTrackerRunsonAnimalPowerD．ConservationWorkersUseNewMethodstoProtectAnimals(★★★)Whenyouheartheword“uncertainty”,howdoyoufeel?Scared,anxious,excitedorchallenged?Withmanyglobalchallengesstillongoing,wearelikelytofaceevenmoreoftheunknown,sowehadbettergetaccustomedtomanagingit.Sohowdowedetectuncertaintyandwhichpartofthebrainisresponsibleforit?Researchershavefoundthatnoradrenaline(去甲腎上腺素)isthekeychemicalinvolvedinourresponsetouncertainty.Toinvestigatetherolenoradrenalineplayswhenwearefacedwithuncertainevents,scientistsatMassachusettsInstituteofTechnologyconductedanexperimentwithmice.Theanimalsweretrainedtopushalever(杠桿)downwhentheyheardahighfrequencynoise.Iftheydidthis,theywererewardedwithadrinkofwater.Theywerealsotrainedtolearnthatthey’dreceiveanunpleasantpuffofairiftheleverwasactivatedwhenalowfrequencynoisewasplayed.Buttheresearchersaddedinanelementofuncertaintybyincludingasoundwherethefrequencywasunclear.Fromthisexperiment,theresearchersdiscoveredthatasmallpartinthebraincalledthelocuscoeruleus—anareathatmodulatesnoradrenaline—wasessentialindetectinguncertainty.Whenthehighfrequencywasclearandtherewardwasexpectedforthemice,theirnoradrenalinereleasewassmall.Butwhentheoutcomewasn’tclear,andtherewardwasasurprise,thereleasewasmuchlarger.Thiswashowthemice’sbrainslearnedtodealwithuncertainty.Astudywithhumanswasalsocarriedout.Theydiscoveredthatthesubjects’neurons(神經(jīng)元)intheprefrontalcortex(前額葉皮質(zhì))respondmuchmoretolossthantogain.Namely,thisarearulesouravoidancebehaviourwhenweareunderstress.Thishelpsusunderstandourunwillingnesstoexposeourselvestouncertainty.Onceweunderstandthatourcognitiveandemotionalresponsestouncertaintyareanecessarypartofthehumanexperience.Acknowledgeinsteadoffearthem,perhapsmakingbigdecisionscanseemlessstressful.12.Whatistheuncertaintyintheexperimentwithmice?

A．Thehighfrequencynoise.B．Adrinkofwaterasareward.C．Theactiontopushaleverdown.D．Thenoisewithunclearfrequency.13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“modulates”inparagraph4mean?

A．Removes.B．Adjusts.C．Lessens.D．Boosts.14.Howdoestheprefrontalcortexinfluenceourchoiceswhenwe’restressed?

A．Byseekingrewardingoutcome.B．Bymaintainingbalance.C．Byavoidingnegativeoutcome.D．Byreducinguncertainty.15.Whatdoestheauthorwanttotellusinthetext?

A．Responsestouncertaintycomenaturally.B．Uncertaintygivesbirthtopotentialrisks.C．Experimentscanpredictexpectedoutcomes.D．Noradrenalinetendstoresultfromuncertainty.(★★★)Howtostopprocrastinating(拖延)andmakeastartProcrastinatingisasmuchaboutfearasitisaboutmotivation.Perhapsyouhaveavoidedpayingbill,outliningaproposaloraskingsomeoneout.16.Fortunately,herearefourtipstogetyoumovingagain.Littlestepsforbigtasks.Mostprocrastinatorstellthemselves,“I’llwaituntilI’minthemood.”Let’sfaceit;you’renevergoingtofeellikebalancingyourcheque-bookorcleaningupthemessonyourdesk.Theseareboring,unpleasanttasks.17.Onewaytodothisistobreakyourjobintostepsthatcanbeaccomplishedbitbybit.18.Thosewhoprocrastinateoftenassumethatsuccessfulpeopleachievetheirgoalswithoutfrustration,self-doubtandfailure.Thisisunrealistic.Highlyproductivepeopleknowthatlifeisfrustrating.Theyassumethey’llencounterobstacles;whentheydo,theypersevereuntiltheyovercomethem.Tuneoutnegativethoughts.Whenyou’reavoidingatask,itmaybebecauseyou’refeedingyourselfunrealistic,negativemessages.19.Onceyouchangeyournegativethoughts,energyreturns.Giveyourselfcredit.20.Butifyouneverallowyourselftofeelsatisfiedwithyourefforts,you’llsoonfinditpointlesstotry.So,nomatterhowsmalltheachievementis,giveyourselfcredit.Thenyoucantackleyourtoughesttask.However,ifyouaresurethattherearegoodreasonswhyyouavoiddoingsomething,youmayneedtore-evaluateyourgoals.

A．Nevergiveup.B．Expectdifficulties.C．Sometimesyousimplyhavetogetyourselfgoing.D．Weusuallythinkofrewardsascomingfromtheoutside,E．Bywritingthemdown,youhaveachanceofriddingthem.F．Beherenow,anddon’tworryaboutthingsyouhavetodointhefuture.G．Whateverthething,puttingitoffoftenbecomesabiggerproblemthanactuallydoingit.二、完形填空(★★★)Whiletakinga20-hourtrainridealongtheedgeoftheTaklimakanDesertinnorthwesternChina,Ihadthekindofhumbling,educational,andaboveallelse,wonderful________withalocalthatalltravelerslongfor.AyoungChineseman________meonthetrain.My________friendspokevirtuallynoEnglish,soIhappilytookthe________topracticemyChinese.Overseveralhours,hewouldtellmeabouthowhehad________atwo-yearprofessionalschooltoquicklyfindajob________highwaysinordertohelpsupporthisfamily.Perhapsthemost________,however,wasthefactthatthismanspenthoursstudyingeverydayafterhardphysicallabor.Withoutbattinganeye,hewould________atranslatedEmersonpassagebeforeaskingabouttheliteraryinfluenceofAmerican________asawhole.”AndwhatdoyoualllearnaboutRussianauthors?”I________himaskingatonepoint.Itwouldhavebeeneasyto________myassumptionsaboutthishighwaybuilderwhohadneverbeenmorethanafewhundredmilesfromhome.Butthishighlyinformed,________,andadmirablepersonpreventedmedoingso.Inthecourseofacoupleofhours,he________mejusthowmuchonecangainfrom________withanopenmind,andawillingnessto________withlocalsfromallwalksoflife.21.A．experimentB．encounterC．competitionD．a(chǎn)ppointment22.A．treatedB．savedC．lecturedD．a(chǎn)pproached23.A．trueB．so-calledC．newD．long-lost24.A．chanceB．a(chǎn)dviceC．troubleD．right25.A．visitedB．financedC．a(chǎn)ttendedD．founded26.A．buildingB．sweepingC．checkingD．guarding27.A．typicalB．obviousC．naturalD．remarkable28.A．publishB．quoteC．сорyD．download29.A．writersB．historiansC．workersD．students30.A．a(chǎn)nticipateB．imagineC．recallD．catch31.A．lookintoB．relyonC．gooverD．dealwith32.A．well-behavedB．multi-skilledC．warm-heartedD．self-educated33.A．a(chǎn)skedB．warnedC．showedD．promised34.A．travelingB．readingC．searchingD．teaching35.A．cooperateB．sideC．negotiateD．engage三、語(yǔ)法填空(★★★)閱讀下面短文,在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Thisyearmarksthe10thanniversaryofthefirstpublicappearanceofCrestedIbises(朱鹮)36.(produce)bytheShanghaiDanceTheatre(SDT).ThedramawasinspiredbyChina’sachievementinsavingandprotectingthecrestedibis,whichisknown37.“birdofgoodfortune”inAsianculture.Thecrestedibis,withitsiconicredcrestandlongblackbeak,isbelievedtohaveexistedfor60millionyearsand38.(gradual)foundinChina,ontheKoreanPeninsula,JapanandRussiauntilthe1960s.Birdconservationistslistpesticides,fertilizers,hunting,environmentalandecologicalreasonsfor39.(bring)thebirdstotheedgeofextinction.ThecrestedibiswasthoughttobeextinctinChinauntilsevenwildbirds40.(spot)inYangxianCountyinNorthwestChina’sShaanxiProvincein1981,adiscovery41.causedcaptivebreeding(圈養(yǎng)繁殖)andstrengthenedprotectionofthespecies.Aftermorethan40yearsofcontinuousconservation,42.isestimatedthatthereareover11,000crestedibisesalivein2024.SDTintroducedthedramain2014,andintegratedChinesefolkdanceandWesternballet.TraditionalChinesedance43.(characteristic)areusedinupperbodymovements,whileballetandWesterndanceelementsfeatureinthefootwork,whichmakesitamasterpiecereceiving44.(recognize)bothhomeandabroad.“Forwhatwaslostinthepast,let’sappealtovaluethefutureforever,”SDTputitasthesloganinthepromotionalmaterialsofthedancedrama,remindingthepublic45.(learn)fromthelessonofthecrestedibisandprotectboththeenvironmentandtheecosystem.四、書信寫作(★★★)46.假定你是校廣播站英語(yǔ)節(jié)目“ScientificFrontier”的負(fù)責(zé)人李華，請(qǐng)給鄭州大學(xué)客座教授Caroline寫郵件邀請(qǐng)她做一次關(guān)于WorldOceanDay的訪談。內(nèi)容包括：1.節(jié)目介紹；2.訪談的時(shí)間和話題。注意：1.寫作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80左右；2.請(qǐng)按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。DearProfessorCaroline,___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yourssincerely,LiHua五、書面表達(dá)(★★★)47.閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語(yǔ)續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。MyheartpoundedasIstaredatthescreen.Ire-readthemessagefrommyfriend,Noelle.Someonehadupsetherbysharingherpersonalnews,arecentdevelopmentNoellehadsharedwithonlyafewclosefriends,includingme.Shedidn’tknowwholetthewordout,butshewashurtanddisappointed.Ifeltsoguilty.IknewhowthenewshadgotoutbecauseIhadbeentheonetotellsomeoneelse.Honestly,Ihadn’trealizedshemeanttokeepitsoclosetohome,butatthesametimeI’dknownitwasn’tagoodideawhenIstartedtotellittosomeoneelse.Didshereallynotknowitwasme?Itwouldhavebeeneasytocomecleanandapologizeifhernotewasanaccusation.Butitreadasthoughithadbeencopiedandpast