代詞一、定義與分類代詞是代替名詞及起名詞作用短語或句子詞。代詞依照其意思和使用方法可分為人稱代詞、物主代詞、反身代詞、指示代詞、相互代詞、疑問代詞、連接代詞、關(guān)系代詞、不定代詞九類。綜觀歷年高考情況，在這九類代詞中，不定代詞一直是高考英語重點(diǎn)。人稱代詞，物主代詞，反身代詞使用方法概述這三種代詞都有些人稱（一、二、三人稱）改變、數(shù)（單、復(fù)數(shù)）改變。其中，人稱代詞除了這三種改變外，還有格（主格、賓格）改變。物主代詞包含兩種形式：形容詞性物主代詞和名詞性物主代詞。尤其注意：形容詞性物主代詞its沒有對應(yīng)名詞性物主代詞。這三種代詞形式改變表以下：人稱單復(fù)數(shù)主格賓格形容詞性物主代詞名詞性物主代詞反身代詞第一人稱單數(shù)Imemyminemyself復(fù)數(shù)weusouroursourselves第二人稱單數(shù)youyouyouryoursyourself復(fù)數(shù)youyouyouryoursyourselves第三人稱單數(shù)hehimhishishimselfsheherherhersherselfititits無itself復(fù)數(shù)theythemtheirtheirsthemselves二人稱代詞使用方法1)定義：人稱代詞是用來指代人、動物或事物代詞。它必須在人稱(第一人稱、第二人稱、及第三人稱)、數(shù)（單數(shù)、復(fù)數(shù)）與被指代名詞一致。如:Tomisaboy,andheisastudent.Maryisverypretty,andshelikessinging.Theboysarestudents,andtheyareintheroom.Thetoyissmall.ItisTom's.2）人稱代詞句法功效人稱代詞有主格和賓語之分：主格用作主語，賓格用作賓語。B)人稱代詞主格形式在在句中作主語和表語。如:Ilikemusic(主語).Sheisateacher.(主語)SheandIaregoodfriends(主語).NeithershenorIamstudent.Itmighthavebeenshe.——Isawtheboysthismorning.——Areyousureitwasthey(表語)?C)人稱代詞賓格在句子作動詞賓語，或者介詞賓語。如：Isawhimattheparty(賓語).Ihaven'tseenthemrecently.(賓語)Iboughtabookforthem.(作介詞賓語)=Iboughtthemabook.(間接賓語)☆注意：a.在口語中，人稱代詞主格形式作表語時，經(jīng)常能夠用賓格替換。如：Itcan'tbehe/him.——IsthisMr.Green?——Yes,thisishe/him.b.在口語中，當(dāng)人稱代詞用于than,as之后或用于強(qiáng)調(diào)句中被強(qiáng)調(diào)時，用主格(較正式)和賓格(較口語化)均能夠。如：HesingsbetterthanI/me.Youknowmorethanshe/her.Sheisastallasme(Iam).c.單獨(dú)使用人稱代詞通慣用賓格，即使它充當(dāng)是主語也是如此。如：“IlikeEnglish.”“Metoo=IlikeEnglishtoo.”“我喜歡英語?！薄拔乙蚕矚g?！薄猈hodidit?——Them.(=Theydidit)一、用適當(dāng)人稱代詞填空：1.

__________

is

my

aunt.

We

often

visit

__________.(she)2.

China

is

a

developing

country.

_________is

in

the

east

of

Asia.(its)3.

What

day

is

__________

today?

—

__________

is

Thursday.(its)5.

I

own

a

blue

bike.

The

red

one

isn’t

__________.(I)6.

These

new

houses

are

so

nice.

__________are

very

expensive.(them)7.

The

fishermen

caught

a

lot

of

fish,

didn’t

__________?(them)8.

Ling

Ling

is

a

girl.____studies

in

a

primary

school.______

brother

lives

with

____

and

helps

____

with______lessons.(she)9.

Mike

is

my

classmate.

____

is

good

at

Engliush

.(his)10.

Kate

wants

a

glass

of

milk.

Will

you

pass

it

to

____

?(she)11.

What’s

the

weather

like

today

?

____

is

cloudy.(its)三、物主代詞使用方法1定義：物主代詞分形容詞性物主代詞和名詞性物主代詞。形容詞性物主代詞在句中只用作定語，相當(dāng)于一個形容詞，不能單獨(dú)使用；名詞性物主代詞則不能用作定語，相當(dāng)于一個名詞詞組，能夠單獨(dú)使用，在句中用作主語、賓語、表語、和介詞of連用。如：Hereismydog.ItsnameisTom.（形容詞性物主代詞）Mysisterlostherbicycle.（形容詞性物主代詞）Isthatcoffeeyoursorhers?(名詞性物主代詞)2名詞性物主代詞句法功效a.作主語如：MayIuseyourpen?Yoursworksbetter.b.作賓語如：Ilovemymotherlandasmuchasyouloveyours.c.作介詞賓語如：Iamwritingwithyourpen,notwithmine.d.作表語如：Mylifeisyours.It'syours.It'syours.我生命屬于你，屬于你，屬于你。3形容詞性物主代詞使用方法a)形容詞性物主代詞與形容詞一起修飾名詞時,其次序是:形容詞性物主代詞+形容詞+名詞。如:mynewbike我新自行車heryoungson她年幼兒子b)形容詞性物主代詞所修飾名詞能夠是單數(shù),也能夠是復(fù)數(shù)。如:mypen我鋼筆hisbooks他書c)形容詞性物主代詞不能單獨(dú)使用,它后面必須跟名詞,即在名詞前作定語。如:這是我鋼筆.[誤]Thispenismy.[正]Thisismypen.d)當(dāng)名詞前有形容詞性物主代詞修飾時,不能再用冠詞a,an或the來修飾名詞。如:那是我自行車.[誤]Thatismyabike./Thatisamybike.[正]Thatismybike.4當(dāng)名詞前有形容詞性物主代詞修飾時,不能再用指示代詞this,that,these或those來修飾名詞。如:他們電腦在這兒。[誤]Theirthosecomputersarehere.(或Thosetheircomputersarehere.)[正]Theircomputersarehere.※注意：a)名詞性物主代詞后不能跟名詞，或代詞one。它總是單獨(dú)出現(xiàn)在句中。如：Theumbrellaismine.Helikesmypen.Hedoesn’tlikehers.b)名詞性物主代詞=形容詞性物主代詞+名詞為防止重復(fù)使用名詞，有時可用“名詞性物主代詞”來代替“形容詞性物主代詞+名詞”形式。如：Mybagisyellow,herbagisred,hisbagisblueandyourbagispink.為防止重復(fù)使用bag，可寫成Mybagisyellow,hersisred,hisisblueandyoursispink.c)名詞性物主代詞在使用方法上相當(dāng)于省略了中心名詞--'s屬格結(jié)構(gòu).如：Jack'scap意為ThecapisJack's.Hiscap意為Thecapishis.d)能夠說afriendofmine(ours,yours,hers,his,theirs)，=oneofmyfriends；不過不能說afriendofme(us,you,her,him,them)。e)有時同一個結(jié)構(gòu)用不用物主代詞會造成含義改變。如：Don’tloseheart.別氣餒ShelostherhearttoJim.她愛上了吉姆。二、用形容詞性物主代詞和名詞性物主代詞填空

1.

I

ate

all

____

sandwiches

yesterday.(I)

Can

I

have

one

of

____

?(you)2.

George

has

lost

____(his)

pen.

Ask

Mary

if（是否）she

will

lend

him

____

.(she)3..Jack

has

a

dog

and

so

have

I.____(he)dog

and

____(I)

had

a

fight

(打架).4.

The

teacher

wants

you

to

return

that

book

of

____

(he)5.

Mr.

and

Mrs.

Green

and

a

friend

of

____

are

coming

to

see

us.(they)6.

We

are

going

to

Paris

to

stay

with

a

French

friend

of

____

.(we)7.

This

isn’t________knife.

_________

is

green.(she)8.

These

are

your

booksKate.Put

________in

the

desk，please.(they)9.

_______

must

look

after

________

things.(you)10.

Wei

Fang，is

that

________

ruler?

Yes，it’s.(you)11.

They

want

a

football.

Give

__________the

green

one，please.(they)12.

It’s

Lin

Tao’s

bag.

Give

it

to

__________.(he)13.

Is

this

pencil-box

Li

Lei’s?

No，___________

is

very

new.(he)14.

This

box

is

too

heavy.

I

can’t

carry

_________.

(it)Don’t

worry，Let

__________(I)

help

__________.(you)15.

_____is

a

boy_____

name

is

Mike.Mikes

friends

like

_____

very

much.(he)16.

My

sister

is

in

_____

room.

_____

is

a

teacher.(she)17.

Jane

is

a

little

girl.

_____

mother

is

a

nurse.(she)18.

We

are

in

_____

classroom.

_____

classroom

is

big.(we)19.

My

father

and

mother

are

teachers.

_____

are

busy(them)20.

You

are

a

pupil.

Is

_____

brother

a

pupil,

too?(you)三.

從括號內(nèi)選擇正確代詞填空1.

Your

football

clothes

are

on

the

desk.

Please

put

_________(they，them，their，theirs)

away.2.

(We，Us，Our，Ours)_________

English

teacher

is

Mrs.

Green.We

all

like

_________(she，her，hers).3.

(I，Me，My，Mine)_________

can’t

get

my

kite.

Could

you

help

_________(I，me，my，mine)?4.

Tom

can’t

get

down

from

the

tree.Can

you

help

_________(he，him，his)?5.

We

can’t

find

our

bikes.Can

you

help

_________(we，us，our，ours)?6.

These

are

_________(he，him，his)

planes.

The

white

ones

are

_________(I，me，mine).四、用括號中適當(dāng)形式填空1Are

these

______（you）pencils?Yes,they

are

________（our）.2Whose

is

this

pencil?—It’s

________（I）.3I

love

________（they）very

much.4She

is________（I）classmate.5Miss

Li

often

looks

after________（she）brother.6Are

these

________（they）bags

？—No,

they

aren’t

________（their）.

They

are

________（we）.四、反身代詞使用方法1）定義：如人稱代詞一致，反身代詞人稱和數(shù)以及性要和它所指代名詞或代詞一致。2）反身代詞句法功效反身代詞可用作賓語、同位語、表語等。用作同位語時，主要用于加強(qiáng)被修飾詞語氣，可緊放在被修飾名詞后或句末。如：Hehimselfwasadoctor.(同位語)=Hewasadoctorhimself.Sheistooyoungtolookafterherself.（賓語）Idon'tblameyou,Iblamemyself(賓語).Hecuthimselfwhenhewascooking.(賓語)Thatpoorboywasmyself.（表語）注意：反身代詞用于be,feel,seem,look等后作表語表示身體或精神所處狀態(tài)。如：I'llbemyselfagaininnotime.我一會兒就會好。Hedoesn'tfeelhimselftoday.I’mnotquitemyselfthesedays.我最近身體不大舒適?？键c(diǎn)：1.反身代詞在句中通慣用作賓語。表示主語動作承受者或表現(xiàn)特征是自己本身。能跟反身代詞作賓語動詞常見有teach(教)，hurt(傷害)，dress(穿衣)等。另外還經(jīng)?？疾榉瓷泶~作介詞賓語，如byoneself等。2．反身代詞作同位語。在句中通慣用作名詞、代詞同位語，以加強(qiáng)名詞或代詞語氣，意思是“本身，親自”。如：Iwilldoitmyself.我將親自去做這件事。3．反身代詞固定搭配常見固定搭配有helponeselfto(隨便吃)，____________(玩得開心),__________(傷到某人自己),loseoneselfin(迷戀，沉醉于)等。反身代詞:Thosegirlsenjoyed____inthepartylastnight.A.themB.theyC.themselvesD.herselfHelp____tosomefish,children.A.yourselfB.yourC.yoursD.yourselvesThefilm____isveryfun.A.it’sB.itselfC.itD.its–Whoteaches____math?–Iteach______.A.your,myselfB.you,myselfC.you,meD.you,herselfThefatherwillmake____abike____.A.her,himselfB.she,himselfC.her,herselfD.she,herself6.Thescarfis____,shemadeit_____.A.herself,herB.herself,hersC.hers,herselfD.her,herself.LiuHulan’sdeathwasgreat.Shethoughtmoreofothersthan__.A.herB.sheC.hersD.herselfLuckily,hedidn’thurt____terriblyyesterday.A.himB.themselvesC.himselfD.they9.Ican’tmendmyshoe___.Canyoumenditfor___?A.myself,meB.myself,IC.me,ID.I,me10.Ilikewatching____inthemirror.A.meB.IC.myD.myself五、相互代詞使用方法英語相互代詞只有eachother和oneanother，它們在句中通常只用作賓語，不能用作主語或狀語等。如：Studentsshouldhelponeanother.學(xué)生應(yīng)該相互幫助。Wehaveknowneachotherformanyyears.我們認(rèn)識許多年了。注意：相互代詞能夠有全部格形式(eachother’s,oneanother’s)。如：Theyoftenstayinoneanother'shouse.他們經(jīng)常在彼此家里住。另外，有些人認(rèn)為eachother用于二者，oneanother用于三者，但在當(dāng)代英語中它們?？蓳Q用(即均可用于二者或三者)。指示代詞使用方法1指示代詞分單數(shù)（this/that）和復(fù)數(shù)（these/those）兩種形式，既可作限定詞又可做代詞，比如：單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)限定詞：ThisgirlisMary.Thosemenaremyteachers.代詞：ThisisMary.Thosearemyteachers.指示代詞句法功效指示代詞主要有四個，即this,that,these和those。它們在句中可作主語、賓語、表語、定語等。Thisismybook.(主語)Iwantthat.(賓語)Mybookisthat.(表語)Ilikethatdress.(定語)注意：1).為防止重復(fù)，可用that和those代替前面提到名詞。如：Theplaygroundofthisschoolisbiggerthanthatofthatschool.(that=theplayground)Myseatisnexttothatofthemayor.我座位在市長座位旁邊。2).用往返指上文提到事情時，可用this或that，不過若要指下文敘述事情，通常要用this。如：——Sheisabeautifulgirl.——Whosaidthat?Iwanttoknowthis:Isshebeautiful?我想知道這一點(diǎn)：她美嗎?3).在打電話時，通慣用this指自己，用that指對方：Hello.ThisisJim.IsthatJohn?喂，我是吉姆，你是約翰嗎?除用作代詞外，this和that還可用作副詞，用以修飾形容詞或副詞，意為“這么”、“那么”，相當(dāng)于so。如：I'vedoneonlythatmuch.我所做就這么多。Ishealwaysthisbusy?他總這么忙嗎?指示代詞this,that和these在作主語時可指物也可指人，但作其余句子成份時只能指物，不能指人。而those作賓語后接定語從句時能夠指人。而且只有that、those后面能夠跟定語從句。如：（對）Thatismyteacher.那是我老師。（that作主語，指人）（對）Heisgoingtomarrythisgirl.他要和這個姑娘結(jié)婚。（this作限定詞）（錯）Heisgoingtomarrythis.（this作賓語時不能指人）（對）Iboughtthis.我買這個。（this指物，可作賓語）Headmiredthosewholookedbeautiful.他贊賞那些外表漂亮人。（those指人）（錯）Headmiredthatwhodancedwell.（that作賓語時不能指人）（對）Headmiredthatwhichlookedbeautiful.他贊賞外表漂亮東西。指示代詞：()1Who'sthatatthedoor?____isthepostman.A.SheB.ThisC.ItD.He()2-Who'sthatinthepicture?A.It'smeB.That'sIC.ThisisaboyD.It'sI()3-Look,whoiscoming?-___mustbeourEnglishteacher.A.SheB.HeC.ItD.This()4Someoneisknockingatthedoor,butwhocan____be?A.oneB.heC.sheD.it()5___waslatesummerandtheweatherwasveryhot.A.ThatB.ItC.ThisD.It's()6Whattimeis____now?AitB.allC.thisD:that()7___aheavyrainlastnight.A.TherehadB.WehadC.ItwasD.Thereis()8___is200kilometresfromheretothenaturalpark.Wehavetogotherebycar.A.ThereB.ItC.ThisD.Theplace()9Themanmissedthebus.____iswhyhewaslateforthemeeting.A.ItB.ThatC.ThisD.All()10Hehastostayathome.___hehasabadcold.A.ThisisbecauseB.That'swhyC.SoisitD.Thereasonis()11-Howmanybooksarethereonthetable?-Onlyfour.A.ThisisallrightB.That'sallrightC.That'srightD.Itisallright七、疑問代詞使用方法疑問代詞即指who,whom,whose,which,what等用于引出特殊疑問句代詞。它們在句中可用作主語、表語、賓語、定語等。如：Whatdidshesay?她怎么說?Whichareourseats?哪些是我們座位?Whatareyouworryingabout?你為何事煩惱?注意：1.who和whom只用作主語、賓語和表語，不用作定語；what,which,whose則既可用作主語、賓語和表語，也可用作定語。what與which使用方法區(qū)分：當(dāng)選擇范圍較明確時，用which；當(dāng)選擇范圍不明確時，用what。如：Whichcolordoyoulike,red,blackorwhite?紅色、黑色和白色，你喜歡哪種？Whatcolorisyourcar?你汽車是什么顏色？()1____isthebestseasonoftheyear?A.WhenB.WhatC.WhichD.Whattime()2-____isyoursister?-Sheisanurse.A.WhatB.WhichC.HowD.Who()3-___colourareyournewshoes-Theyarebrown.A.AnyB.WhoseC.WhichD.What()4-___isyourclassmateJohnlike?-He'sverytall.A.HowB.WhatC.WhoD.Which()5____hashappenedand____didit?A.Who;whoB.What;whoC.What;whatD.Who;what()6Whowaitingoutside?Pleaseaskthemtocomein.A.isB.hasC.haveD.are()7-_____isthatmanoverthere?-He'sMrGreen.A.WhatB.WhichC.HowD.Who()8-___istheboystandingthere?-Heismybrother.A.WhichB.WhatC.HowD.Who()9Who___thelittleAmericanboyoverthere?A.wereB.areC.isD.1am()10Who___thesetallmen?A.isB.amC.areD.was()11____onedoyoulike,theblueoneortheredone?A.WhatB.WhichC.ThatD.This()12-___isbigger?-Theyellowone.A.whoB.whomC.whichD.It()13___ofyouwouldliketogowithus?A.WhoB.WhichC.AllD.Both()14-_____bagisthis?-It'sJack's.A.WhatB.WhichC.WhoseD.Who's()15-___pencilsarethese?-Theyaretheirs.A.WhichB.WhoseC./D.These()16___houseisbeingrepaired?A.whatB.WhereC.WhoD.Whose()17Pleasefindout____heislookingafterathome.A.whoB.whichC.whomD.when()18____doyouthinkyoushouldhelp?A.WhoseB.WhichC.WhatD.Whom()19Hetoldme___hewassentfor.A.whomB.thatC.bothD.Where連接代詞使用方法連接代詞主要包含who,whom,what,which,whose,whoever,whatever,whichever,whosever等，它們在句中可用作主語、賓語、表語、定語等（但who,whom,whoever等不用于名詞前作定語），主要用于引導(dǎo)主語從句、賓語從句和表語從句等。如：Askhimwhichhewants.問他要哪一個。Thequestioniswhocanhelpus.問題是誰能幫助我們。Whathesayssoundsreasonable.他說話聽起來有道理。2.關(guān)系代詞型what使用方法。比較以下兩句：Idon’tknowwhatyoulike.我不知道你喜歡什么。Youcangetwhatyoulike.你想要什么就可得到什么。第一句中what表示“什么”；第二句中what則具關(guān)于系代詞性質(zhì)，相當(dāng)于“先行詞+關(guān)系代詞”，表示“…所…一切事或東西”，如上面第二句what就相當(dāng)于everythingthat。順便說一句，這么用what有時還可后接一個名詞。如：Wegavehimwhat(little)helpwecould.我們給了他我們力所能及幫助。3.whatever,whoever與whichever使用方法：它們可用于引導(dǎo)主語從句和賓語從句，也可用于引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句。如：Whoevercomeswillbewelcome.任何人來都?xì)g迎。Whatevershedidwasright.她做一切都是正確。Whoeveryouare,youcan'tenter.不論你是誰，都不能進(jìn)去。Whicheversidewins,Ishallbehappy.不論哪邊贏，我都會高興。九、不定代詞使用方法定義：不定代詞是不指明代替任何特定名詞或形容詞代詞。2種類英語中不定代詞有：some（something，somebody，someone，somewhere），any（anything，anybody，anyone，anywhere），no（nothing，nobody，noone），every（everything，everybody，everyone，everywhere），all，each，both，much，many，（a）little，（a）few，other（s），another，none，one，either，neither等。不定代詞句法功效（1）作主語，例：Both（ofus）areright．（我們）兩人都對。Either（oftheanswers）iscorrect．兩個回答不論哪一個都對。Neither（oftheanswers）iscorrect．兩個回答哪一個都不對。Iseverybodyhere？大家都到了嗎？（2）作賓語，例：Thereisroomforallofus.我們?nèi)咳巳孟?。Hegavetwotoeach（ofthem）．他給（他們）每人兩個。Ilikenoneofthebooks．這些書我全不喜歡。Ifyouhaveany，giveussome．有話，給我們一點(diǎn)。（3）作表語，例：That’snothing．沒什么。Isthatallyouwanttoknow?你想知道就是這些嗎？Thanks，it’stoomuchforme．謝謝，太多了。I’mnotsomebody，I’mnobody．我不是主要人物，我是個無名小卒．That’sreallysomething．那真是一大收獲。（4）作定語，例：Youmaytakeeitherroad．兩條路你走哪條都行。Everyroomiscleanandtidy．每一個房間都很整齊。Everybody’sbusinessisnobody’sbusiness．人人都管等于沒人管。（諺）（5）作同位語，例：Theybothagreedtostayhere．他們兩人都答應(yīng)待在這兒。Weareallforhim．我們?nèi)С炙enoneofussaidanything．我們誰也沒說什么。Givethemtwoeach．給他們每人兩個?！畈欢ù~是英語全部代詞中最主要一類，也是高考英語中最?？家活悾瑥?fù)習(xí)時應(yīng)注意以下幾點(diǎn)：1.some和any比較不定代詞some，any都是“一些”意思，都可和可數(shù)名詞或不可數(shù)名詞連用。some通慣用于必定句中；而any則用于否定句、疑問句或條件從句中.例：Tomhassomepicture－books．湯姆有幾本圖畫書。Haveyouanyquestions？你有問題嗎？[注意]在表示期望得到必定回答疑問句中用some。any也可用于必定句中，表示“任何”。如：Wouldyoulikesomewater？你想要些水嗎？Youcanreadanyofthebooks.你能夠讀這些書中任何一本。2.指二者和三者不定代詞。有些不定代詞用于指二者(如both,either,neither)，有不定代詞用于指三者(如all,any,none,every)，詳細(xì)使用時要依照一定上下文正確選取。如：Heisblindinbotheyes.他雙目失明。Weretheyallcollegestudents?他們都是大學(xué)生嗎?注：each可用于二者、三者或三者以上，而every只用于三者或三者以上，所以用于二者時只能用each，不能用every。如：Therearetreesoneachsideoftheroad.路兩邊都有樹。3few,afew,little與alittle使用方法必定意義否定意義修飾可數(shù)名詞Afew(幾個)Few(沒幾個，幾乎沒有)修飾不可數(shù)名詞Alittle(一點(diǎn)兒)Little(幾乎沒有)Heknewfewofthem.他們中間他認(rèn)識人極少。Hesoldonlyafewofthepapers.他只賣出了幾份報紙。Heknewlittleaboutit.他對此知道得極少。Thereisstillalittleleft.還剩一點(diǎn)點(diǎn)。4.all,every,each使用方法。從強(qiáng)調(diào)重點(diǎn)上看：all強(qiáng)調(diào)整體地考慮總體，every強(qiáng)調(diào)考慮總體中全部組員(與all很靠近)，each則強(qiáng)調(diào)逐一逐一地考慮總體；從使用方法上看：all和each既可單獨(dú)使用，也可后接名詞，還可后接of短語；而every后必須接名詞，既不能單獨(dú)使用也不能后接of短語；從含義上看，each指二者或二者以上“每個”，every指三者或三者以上“每個”，所以指二者時只能用each如：Allwasdestroyedinthebigfire．大火中一切都?xì)Я恕llarepresent．=Everyoneispresent.大家都出席了。Thereisroomforallofus．我們?nèi)咳巳孟?。Eachofushasabook.注：在表示“每個”、“全體”意思時，every意思與all很靠近。但通常情況下every和單數(shù)名詞搭配，all和復(fù)數(shù)名詞搭配，例：EverychildenjoysChristmas．每個孩子都喜歡過圣誕節(jié)。AllchildrenenjoyChristmas．全部孩子都喜歡過圣誕節(jié)。2）Each也是“每一個”意思，但與every不一樣，each用于指兩個或兩個以上人或物，著重于個別概念，例：Twomencameintotheroom．Eachcarriedanumbrella．兩個人走進(jìn)房間，每人拿著一把傘。Each/Everybookonthisdeskisworthreading．這桌子上每一本書都值得讀。other,theother,another,others使用方法。指單數(shù)時，若泛指用another，若特指用theother；指復(fù)數(shù)時，若泛指用other(后接復(fù)數(shù)名詞)或others(其后不接名詞)，若特指用theother(后接復(fù)數(shù)名詞)或theothers(其后不接名詞)。如：Showmesomeothers.再拿一些給我看。Showmeanother.另拿一個給我看。Weshouldthinkofothers.我們應(yīng)該多為他人著想。Wherearetheotherstudents?其余同學(xué)在哪里?注：another后通常要單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞，但若其后名詞有數(shù)詞或few修飾，則也可接復(fù)數(shù)名詞。如：I'vegotanotherfiveminutes.我還有5分鐘。noone,nobody,none使用方法。noone與nobody使用方法相同，均只用于指人不用于指物，且其后不能接of短語，用作主語時謂語單數(shù)；而none既可用于指人也可用于指物，其后通常接of短語，用作主語時，若指不可數(shù)名詞，謂語只能用單數(shù)，若指復(fù)數(shù)名詞，則謂語可用單數(shù)(較正式)也可用復(fù)數(shù)(用于非正式文體)。如：Noone[Nobody]hasreadit.沒有些人讀過它。Noneofthismilkcanbeused.這牛奶一點(diǎn)都不能用了。Noneofthefilmsis[are]worthseeing.沒有一部電影值得看。7.復(fù)合不定代詞使用方法。復(fù)合不定代詞主要包含something,somebody,someone,anything,anybody,anyone,nothing,nobody,noone,everything,everybody,everyone等，它們在句中可用作主語、賓語或表語，但不能用作定語。其中something,someone等和anything,anyone等區(qū)分與some和any區(qū)分一樣，前者通慣用于必定句，后者通慣用于否定句、疑問句或條件句。使用時應(yīng)請注意以下幾點(diǎn)：(1)受定語修飾時，定語應(yīng)置于其后。如：Tellussomethinginteresting.給我們講點(diǎn)有趣事。Therewasnobodytired.沒有一個人很累。(2)指人復(fù)合不定代詞若用作主語，其謂語動詞通慣用單數(shù)，對應(yīng)人稱代詞和物主代詞也用單數(shù)he,him,his(不一定指男性)。但在非正式文體中慣用復(fù)數(shù)代詞they,them,their。如：Ifanybody[anyone]comes,askhim[them]towait.要是有些人來，讓他等著。(3)anyone,everyone等只能指人，不能指物，且其后通常不接of短語。若是指物或后接of短語，可用anyone,everyone(即分開寫)。其余考點(diǎn)one,it,that使用方法區(qū)分為了防止重復(fù)，能夠用one,it,that代替上文出現(xiàn)名詞。但它們使用方法不一樣。1．it主要使用方法。(1)用來指特定物，即上文提到同一事物，或前面提到事情或情況。既可代替單數(shù)形式可數(shù)名詞，也可代替不可數(shù)名詞?！狣oyoustillkeepthepicture?—No,Ihavesold________．“你還保留著那張照片嗎？”“沒，我把它賣了。”主語＋think/make/find/consider/feel/supposeit＋adj.＋that從句主語＋think/make/find/consider/feel/supposeit＋to＋動詞原形（2）．one主要使用方法。表示泛指，指同名稱中另一事物。one既可代替人，也能夠代替物，但只能代替可數(shù)名詞，其復(fù)數(shù)形式為ones?！狣oyouhaveapen？你有一支鋼筆嗎？—Yes,Ihave________.是，我有一支。（3）．that主要使用方法。that能夠指代可數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞，主要用于兩種東西間對比，其復(fù)數(shù)形式為those。that用于指代物，不能用于指代人。ThepopulationofShanghaiislargerthan________ofBeijing.上海人口比北京多。2．both,either,neither,all,any與none使用范圍都都不之一二者bothneithereither三者或三者以上allnoneany________theboysareclever.兩個男孩都很聰明。Thereareflowerson________sideofthestreet.街道一邊有花。七、選擇填空.

1.Mr.MorehasmoremoneythanMr.Little.Buthedoesn’tenjoy_______.

A.heB.himC.hisD.himself

2.Lilywas9yearsold._____wasoldenoughtogotoschool________.

A.She,sheB.She,herselfC.Her,herselfD.Her.she

3.Jim’swatchismuchnewerthan_________.

A.hersB.sheC.herD.herself

4.Wouldyoulike_____forsuper?

A.somethingChineseB.ChinesesomethingC.anythingChineseD.Chineseanything

5.______pianoistooold,butshestilllikedplayingit.

A.SheB.She’sC.HersD.Her

6.——WhotaughtyouEnglishlastyear?

——Nobodytaughtme.Itaught______.

A.meB.myselfC.mineD.I

7.Thatbikeis_________?

A．heB.himC.hisD.it

8.Webought______apresent,but_______didn‘tlikeit.

A.they,themB.them,theyC.themselves,theirD.theirs,they9.

Who’s

singing

over

there

?

—

________

is

Sandy’s

sister.A.

That

B.

It

C.

She

D.

This10.

________

will

spend

the

summer

holiday

in

Hawaii.

A.

She,

you

and

I

B.

You,

she

and

I

C.

I,

you

and

she

D.

Her,

me

and

you11.

Between

you

and

________,

he

is

not

a

real

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A.

me

B.

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C.

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his12.

My

uncle

bought

a

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for

________.A.

theirs

B.

they

C.

me

D.

I13.

---Here’sa

postcard

for

you,

Jim!

—

Oh,

____

is

from

my

friend,

Mary.

A.

he

B.

it

C.

she

D.

it’s14.

Little

Baby

knows

that

he

should

not

take

the

things

that

do

not

belong

to

________.

A.

he

B.

his

C.

her

D.

him15.

Will

anyone

go

on

a

trip

with

him

?

—

Not

________.

A.

I

B.

me

C.

mine

D.

he16.

Among

those

lovely

toys,

the

brown

toy

dog

was

given

by

________.

A.

he

B.

his

C.

him

全章鞏固基礎(chǔ)題：1.Youmaycometomyhouse______thisweek_____nextweek.A.neither;or B.from;to C.either;or D.either;nor2.Idon’tthinkwecandoitall______.A.byourselves B.bymyself C.byourself D.byyourselves3.Idon’twantthisshirt.Pleaseshowme______A.others B.theothers C.another D.theother4.Ican’trepairthemodelship______.Canyouhelp______?A.me;me B.myself;myself C.myself;me D.me;myself5.Doesyourbrotheroftenwashclothes______?A.he B.himself C.herself D.him6.WestudyChinese,English,mathsandsome______subjects.A.theother B.one C.other D.another7.Ihavetwosisters.______ofthemaredoctors.A.Both B.All C.Either D.Neither8.Thebookontheshelfis______.Shewrote______nameonitscover.A.Hers;her;herself B.Her;hers;herselfC.Herself;her;hersD.Her;herself;herself9.“Don’tworry.There’s______muchwrongwithyou.”saidthedoctor.A.nothing B.everything C.something D.very10.Theseshoesaretoosmall.Youmaybuysome______shoes.A.another B.other C.the.others D.others11.IaskedJimandBobtocometomyhousefordinner,but______ofthemcame.A.another B.other C.theothers D.others12.Theyare______thesamesize,soyoumaytake______halfofthecake.A.at;each B.in;both C.at;neither D.in;either13.BettyandJohnhavecomeback,but______studentsintheclassaren’thereyet.A.theother Bothers C.another D.theothers14.Yourmotheriskindness______.A.itself B.herself C.oneself D.himself15.Shestayedtherelongerthan______.A.anyone B.anythingelse C.anybody D.anybodyelse16.Isthisherbike?No,itisn’t.It’s______.A.mine B.my C.me D.he’s17.______LiPing’sbrother.A.Her B.His C.He’s D.She’s18.Heisaboy.______nameisWangBing.A.He B.His C.Her D.He’s19.What’sthis?______.A.It’sabread B.Itisabread C.It’sbread D.This’sbread20.Thebowlsareonthetable.Therearesomeeggsin______.A.the B.them C.it D.he21.Let______haveameeting.A.me B.you C.us D.me22.Motheroftensees______onSunday.A.herallfriends B.allherfriend C.herfriends D.herallfriend.23.WhenyouseeTomandhissister,tell______that______motheriswaitingatthegate.A.his;his B.her;hers C.them;their D.his;her24.Hewantsyoutotalk______aboutChina.A.anything B.nothing C.thing D.something25.Grannyseemsill.Areyousureit’s______?A.nothingserious B.anythingseriousC.seriousnothing D.seriousanything提升訓(xùn)練：1．Thisdictionaryisnothers.It’s_______.A.I

B.me

C.mine

D.my2.Isthis___magazine?-No,itisn’t.It’sA.your,herBhers,mine

C.yours,hers

Dyour,hers3.Therearetwobooksonthedesk.Oneisamathsbook,_______isanEnglishbook.A.others

B.other

C.theother

D.another4._______ofthegirlsplaystenniswell.A.Neither

B.Both

C.All

D.Some5.Maryspeaksveryquickly._______isdifficulttounderstandwhatsheissaying.A.That

B.she

C.It

D.There6.Theschoolwasbuiltbythevillagers_______.A.us

B.ourselves

C.them

D.themselves7.Heputafingerinto______mouthandsuckedit.A.hisB.heC.himD.his’s8.Heisalwaysreadytohelp______.A.anotherB.othersC.theotherD.other9.Let_______dothisexercisemyself.A.himB.herC.usD.me10.Haveyou_______totellus?A.importantsomethingB.somethingimportantC.importantanythingD.anythingimportant11.Imetanoldfriendof___on______wayhome.A.mine,myB.my,theC.mine,aD.mine,the12.______ofthestudentsinourclasshasaticket.A.EveryB.BothC.EachD.All13.Thereareseveralbooksonthedesk.._____ofthemisEnglish.A.AllB.Bo