第二講有提示詞之詞性轉(zhuǎn)換類(lèi)——著眼三大考向，玩轉(zhuǎn)百變?cè)~形【2025高考英語(yǔ)大二輪專(zhuān)題四語(yǔ)法填空第二講有提示詞之詞性轉(zhuǎn)換類(lèi)——著眼三大考向，玩轉(zhuǎn)百變?cè)~形考查詞性的變化是高考語(yǔ)法填空的一個(gè)重點(diǎn)。在解答語(yǔ)法填空中詞性變化的相關(guān)題目時(shí)，一要根據(jù)空處在句中所作的成分確定詞性：名詞在句中常作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)或定語(yǔ)等，動(dòng)詞作謂語(yǔ)與非謂語(yǔ)，形容詞作表語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)，副詞作狀語(yǔ)修飾動(dòng)詞、形容詞、副詞或整個(gè)句子；二要根據(jù)標(biāo)志詞及語(yǔ)境確定比較等級(jí)；三要根據(jù)名詞前的數(shù)詞、量詞、冠詞等修飾語(yǔ)以及主謂一致原則來(lái)確定名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)?！舅季S導(dǎo)圖】——詞性轉(zhuǎn)換類(lèi)宏觀解題3大類(lèi)型提示詞為名詞的詞性變化名詞的構(gòu)詞規(guī)律是高考的熱考點(diǎn)，考生備考時(shí)要注意?？荚~匯的變形，確保書(shū)寫(xiě)正確。另外，可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式也是考查的重點(diǎn)，考生要注意可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式的一般變形和特殊變形，確保書(shū)寫(xiě)正確?！镜淅肯迺r(shí)7分鐘，體會(huì)名詞的詞性變化1.(2022·全國(guó)甲卷)Caobelievesthiswillmakethehikingtripevenmoremeaningful(meaning).2.(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)TheGPNP’smaingoalistoimproveconnectivitybetweenseparatepopulations(population)andhomesofgiantpandas,andeventuallyachieveadesiredlevelofpopulationinthewild.3.(2022·新高考Ⅱ卷)“Hesavedmyson’s(son)life，”saidMrs.Brown.“Idon’tknowhowtothankhim.”4.(2021·全國(guó)乙卷)Providefinancial(finance)aidandotherbenefitsforlocalpeoples.5.(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)Therollingseaofcloudsyouseeonceyouareatthetopwillremindyouhowtinywehumans(human)are.6.(2021·全國(guó)甲卷)Supposedlyyoucandoitintwohours,butwestoppedatthedifferentgatesandwatchtowers(watchtower)totakepictures...7.(2021·全國(guó)乙卷)Activities(activity)thererangefromwhalewatchingtohiking(遠(yuǎn)足)andaccommodationsaimtohavealowimpactonthenaturalenvironment.8.(2021·浙江1月卷)Itiscalculatedbydividingaperson’s(person)weightinkgbytheirheightinmeterssquared,andaBMIofbetween19and25isconsideredhealthy.9.(2023·漳州一中模擬)Bythetimeofhisdeathhewasthebest－sellingChineseauthor,andover100millioncopies(copy)ofhisworkshavebeensoldworldwide.10.(2023·長(zhǎng)春調(diào)研)Fromitsthousandsofroomstoitsmanybeautifulartifacts(工藝品),itisoneofChina’smostpopulartouristdestinations(destination).11.(2023·蕪湖期末)Second,thereexistidiomaticmethods(method)ofsayingsomethingspecificinChinesebutitisextremelyhardforustoputitintoEnglishproperly.12.(2023·永州一模)Toavoidkneepain，youcanrunonsoftsurfaces，doexercisestostrengthen(strength)yourlegmuscles，avoidhillsandgetgoodrunningshoes.13.(2023·合肥一模)TheseYungangresearchers’(researcher)attemptisagoodexampleoftechnologyhelpingtopreserveculturalheritage.【圖解技巧】【解題規(guī)則】1.名詞變復(fù)數(shù)若提示詞是可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)，分析句子成分后發(fā)現(xiàn)詞性不需要改變，此時(shí)應(yīng)考慮填名詞的復(fù)數(shù)。若有以下情況考慮名詞復(fù)數(shù)：(1)有數(shù)詞或these，those，several，many，all，both，various，numerous等詞修飾時(shí)用名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式。(2)名詞前有oneof時(shí)用名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式。(3)若謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是復(fù)數(shù)形式，且空處作主語(yǔ)，則空處應(yīng)填名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式。2.名詞所有格提示詞與其后的名詞是所屬關(guān)系，應(yīng)考慮名詞的所有格。(1)單數(shù)名詞和不以－s結(jié)尾的復(fù)數(shù)名詞通常在詞尾加－’s。(2)以－s或－es結(jié)尾的復(fù)數(shù)名詞，所有格形式為－s’或－es’。3.名詞變形容詞提示詞為名詞，如果作定語(yǔ)修飾后面的名詞，則一般考查名詞變形容詞。熟記名詞變形容詞的常見(jiàn)后綴：(1)n.＋－able→adj.honor→honorable(2)n.＋－al→adj.tradition→traditional(3)n.＋－ful→adj.colour→colourful(4)n.＋－en→adj.wood→wooden(5)n.＋－y→adj.wealth→wealthy4.名詞變動(dòng)詞提示詞為名詞，如果作謂語(yǔ)或非謂語(yǔ)，則一般考查名詞變動(dòng)詞。熟記名詞變動(dòng)詞的常見(jiàn)前/后綴：(1)en－：courage→encouragedanger→endanger(2)－en：strength→strengthen(3)－ize：apology→apologize【知識(shí)積累】名詞變復(fù)數(shù)的6種變化形式變化規(guī)則典型例詞一般情況下，在詞尾直接加－sbook→books,mouth→mouths,house→houses,girl→girls以－s，－x，－ch，－sh結(jié)尾的名詞，在詞尾加－esglass→glasses,box→boxes,match→matches,brush→brushes以“輔音字母＋－y”結(jié)尾的名詞，變y為i再加－escity→cities,country→countries,party→parties,factory→factories以－o結(jié)尾的名詞常在詞尾加－sradio→radios,zoo→zoos,piano→pianos,kilo→kilos,photo→photos加－es的有：hero→heroes,tomato→tomatoes,potato→potatoes以－f，－fe結(jié)尾的名詞，一般要變f或fe為v再加－esself→selves,life→lives,thief→thieves,wife→wives,knife→knives,leaf→leaves,shelf→shelves,wolf→wolves,half→halves直接加－s的有：roof→roofs，belief→beliefs等[溫馨提示]注意一些不規(guī)則變化的名詞復(fù)數(shù)，如child→children，man→men，woman→women，tooth→teeth，foot→feet等。提示詞為形容詞或副詞的詞性變化形容詞用來(lái)描述人或事物的性質(zhì)或特征，在句中可作定語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。形容詞的用法是常考考點(diǎn)，難度相對(duì)較低，形容詞的詞性轉(zhuǎn)換和比較等級(jí)是備考的重點(diǎn)。副詞主要用來(lái)修飾動(dòng)詞、形容詞、副詞、介詞短語(yǔ)或整個(gè)句子，表示程度、方式、評(píng)價(jià)等，位置靈活。副詞用法是?？伎键c(diǎn)，難度較低，要牢固掌握形容詞轉(zhuǎn)化為副詞的構(gòu)成規(guī)律。【典例】限時(shí)6分鐘，體會(huì)形容詞或副詞的詞性變化。1.(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷)NomatterwhereIbuythem，though，onesteamerbasketisrarely(rare)enough，yettwoseemsgreedy，andsoIamalwaysleftwantingmorenexttime.2.(2023·新高考Ⅱ卷)So，whataretheylearning？Basically(basic)，howtodescribeapanda’slife.3.(2022·新高考Ⅱ卷)Whenhelookeddown,heaccidentally(accidental)slippedandfellovertheedge.4.(2022·全國(guó)甲卷)Inthelastfiveyears,Caohaswalkedthrough34countriesinsixcontinents,andin2016,hereachedthetopofKilimanjaro,Africa’shighest(high)mountain.5.(2022·北京卷)That’sabigproblemanditisgettingevenworse(bad).Theuseofthoseplasticshasincreasedby300%since2019.6.(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)Thehotspringatthefootofthemountainissomethingyoumusttryaftertheclimb.Itwillundoubtedly(undoubted)helpyougetrefreshed!7.(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)Theamazingthingaboutthespringisthatthecolderthetemperaturegets,thehotter(hot)thespring!Strange,isn’tit?8.(2020·全國(guó)Ⅰ卷)Landingonthemoon’sfarsideisextremely(extreme)challenging.9.(2020·全國(guó)Ⅲ卷)Asthesmallboatmoved,gently(gentle)alongtheriver,hewasleftspeechlessbythemountainsbeingsilentlyreflectedinthewater.10.(2020·全國(guó)Ⅲ卷)Filledwithcuriosity(curious)，theartistpackedhisbagsandleft.11.(2023·成都一診)I’mcrazyaboutbasketball,andprettygoodatittoo,whichisprobably(probable)whyIwassomadwhenwelostourlastmatch.【圖解技巧】【解題規(guī)則】1.形容詞變副詞或名詞(1)若空格處的詞修飾動(dòng)詞、形容詞、副詞、介詞短語(yǔ)或全句，應(yīng)考慮副詞形式。(2)若空格處在動(dòng)詞前作主語(yǔ)或在介詞、形容詞后作賓語(yǔ)，應(yīng)考慮名詞形式。2.形容詞、副詞變比較級(jí)(1)空前有much，far，still，even，rather，alittle，abit，alot，agreatdeal，than等標(biāo)志性詞時(shí)應(yīng)考慮用比較級(jí)。(2)句型“the＋比較級(jí)...，the＋比較級(jí)...”表示“越……，就越……”。(3)句型“比較級(jí)＋and＋比較級(jí)”表示“越來(lái)越……”。(4)“否定詞＋比較級(jí)”表示最高級(jí)含義。(5)句中如果沒(méi)有標(biāo)志詞，但暗含比較級(jí)的意思，也需要用比較級(jí)。3.形容詞、副詞變最高級(jí)(1)設(shè)空后有表示范圍的標(biāo)志詞in，of，among等時(shí)，用最高級(jí)。(2)設(shè)空前有oneofthe...或“the＋序數(shù)詞”等修飾詞時(shí)，用最高級(jí)。(3)句中如果沒(méi)有標(biāo)志詞，但暗含最高級(jí)的意思，也需要用最高級(jí)。【知識(shí)積累】1.形容詞變副詞的規(guī)則變化規(guī)則典型例詞一般形容詞變副詞直接在其后加－lyquick→quickly，anxious→anxiously以“輔音字母＋e”結(jié)尾的形容詞直接加－ly，以“元音字母＋e”結(jié)尾的形容詞去掉e再加－lyimmediate→immediately，polite→politely，true→truly以“輔音字母＋le”結(jié)尾的形容詞要去掉e再加－ypossible→possibly，probable→probably以“輔音字母＋y”結(jié)尾的形容詞要變y為i再加－lyhappy→happily，healthy→healthily以－ic結(jié)尾的形容詞要在其后加－allyeconomic→economically，basic→basically以－ll結(jié)尾的形容詞要在其后加－yfull→fully，dull→dully[溫馨提示]以下單詞是特殊的形式：whole→wholly，public→publicly，shy→shyly2.形容詞、副詞變比較級(jí)或最高級(jí)變化規(guī)則原級(jí)比較級(jí)最高級(jí)一般單音節(jié)詞，末尾加－er，－esttallgreattallergreatertallestgreatest以不發(fā)音的－e結(jié)尾的單音節(jié)詞和少數(shù)以－le結(jié)尾的雙音節(jié)詞只加－r，－stnicesimplenicersimplernicestsimplest以一個(gè)輔音字母結(jié)尾的閉音節(jié)單音節(jié)詞，雙寫(xiě)結(jié)尾的輔音字母，再加－er，－estbighotbiggerhotterbiggesthottest以“輔音字母＋y”結(jié)尾的雙音節(jié)詞，變y為i，再加－er，－esteasybusyeasierbusiereasiestbusiest少數(shù)以－er，－ow結(jié)尾的雙音節(jié)詞，末尾加－er，－estclevernarrow(窄的)cleverernarrowercleverestnarrowest其他雙音節(jié)詞和多音節(jié)詞，在前面加more，most來(lái)構(gòu)成比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)importanteasilymoreimportantmoreeasilymostimportantmosteasily提示詞為代詞的詞性變化語(yǔ)法填空對(duì)代詞的考查有兩種考查方式：有提示詞類(lèi)和無(wú)提示詞類(lèi)。人稱(chēng)代詞和物主代詞多以有提示詞的形式出現(xiàn)?！镜淅肯迺r(shí)4分鐘，體會(huì)代詞的詞性變化。1.(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷)Nanxiangaside,thebestxiaolongbaohaveafineskin，allowingthemtobeliftedoutofthesteamerbasketwithouttearingorspillinganyoftheir(they)contents.2.(2022·全國(guó)乙卷)TheChineseAncientTeaMuseumwasofficiallyunveiled(揭幕)attheceremony,openingits(it)firstexhibition：TheAvenueofTruth—ASpecialExhibitionofPu’erTea.3.(2022·北京卷)Sincepeoplecan’talwayseatoutorcookforthemselves(they),theygettakeoutororderdelivery.4.(2021·全國(guó)乙卷)Ecotourismhasits(it)originwiththeenvironmentalmovementofthe1970s.Itwasnotwidelyacceptedasatravelconceptuntilthelate1980s.5.(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)Asthesonggoes,thislongandwindingroad“willneverdisappear”，anditwillalwaysstickinthevisitor’smemory.Itsuredoesinmine(I).Whileyou’reinChina,MountHuangshanisamusttovisit!6.(2021·浙江6月卷)Shewasextremelypretty,andherhousewasareflectionofherself(she),everythingingoodtasteandinperfectorder.7.(2020·全國(guó)Ⅰ卷)Dataaboutthemoon’scomposition,suchashowmuchiceandothertreasuresitcontains,couldhelpChinadecidewhetherits(it)plansforafuturelunar(月球的)basearepractical.8.(2020·新高考Ⅰ卷)Aswellaslookingatexhibits,visitorscanplaywithcomputersimulations(模擬)andimaginethemselves(they)livingatadifferenttimeinhistoryorwalkingthrougharainforest.【圖解技巧】【解題規(guī)則】當(dāng)句子中缺少主語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ)時(shí)，可考慮填代詞；確定填代詞之后，再看一下設(shè)空處所填代詞是否與前文提到的人或物有指代關(guān)系。(1)作主語(yǔ)：人稱(chēng)代詞主格(I，we，you，he，she，they，it)、指示代詞、不定代詞、名詞性物主代詞；(2)作賓語(yǔ)：人稱(chēng)代詞賓格(me，us，you，him，her，them，it)、名詞性物主代詞(ours，mine，yours，his，hers，theirs，its)、不定代詞；(3)作表語(yǔ)：人稱(chēng)代詞賓格、不定代詞或名詞性物主代詞；(4)作定語(yǔ)：形容詞性物主代詞(our，my，your，his，her，their，its)；(5)作賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)或同位語(yǔ)且反射句子的主語(yǔ)，用反身代詞(myself，ourselves，yourself，yourselves，himself，herself，itself，themselves)，同時(shí)注意數(shù)的變化。詞性轉(zhuǎn)換題集中特訓(xùn)Ⅰ.專(zhuān)項(xiàng)演練解題提示：認(rèn)真分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，根據(jù)所做句子成分和修飾成分，確定詞性轉(zhuǎn)換的形式。1.(2023·永州二模)Theyaregoodrunnersandcanrunforseveralhoursincoldweatherconditions,sotheycansometimesescapefromwolves(wolf),theirmainpredators(捕食者),easily.2.(2023·赤峰期末)Heusedshades(shade)ofwhite,grey,andbrownfortheboat,makingitlookalmostlikeaghostship.3.(2023·合肥一模)Thediseaseisundoubtedlyaserioussocialchallenge,butifweallcontributeandbehaveresponsibly(responsible),itisonethatwecanovercome.4.(2023·武漢部分學(xué)校聯(lián)考)Therehavebeensomeproblemsbutbasically(basic)it’sagoodsystem.5.(2023·長(zhǎng)郡中學(xué)高三模擬)Fromthatyear,teenagerswillbecomeadultsattheageof18,twoyearsearlier(early)thantheageatwhichadulthoodcurrentlylegallyhappens.6.(2023·聊城高三模擬)Withinadecade,roboticsurgeonsmaybeabletoperformoperationsmuchmorereliably(reliable)thananyhuman.7.(2023·南京高三調(diào)研)Thedifferencesbetweentheupper,middleandlowerreachesoftherivershouldbefully(full)considered,becausetheYellowRiverecosystemisanorganicwhole.8.(2023·石家莊高三質(zhì)檢)Igavehimaquickhugandwentbackintotheseatingarea,leavinghimwithasurprised(surprise)smile.Isettleddowninthedarkness,andthecurtainsopened.9.(2023·合肥一模)“Makingcoinswasoneofthegreatestfinancialactivities(activity)inhumanhistory，”saidresearchers，addingthatitallowedwealthtobetradedeasily.10.(2023·衡水中學(xué)二調(diào))AnumberofOlympichightechnologies(technology)havebeenappliedforthefirsttimeinBeijingtoensureitsgoalofcarbonneutrality.11.(2023·河北名校3月聯(lián)考)Idisagreewithbothoftheseopinions.Ithinkthathomeworkisanimportantfactorinastudent’s(student)education.12.(2023·長(zhǎng)郡中學(xué)高三上學(xué)期考試)Mykidshadneverbeenmore__interested(interested)inmyjobthanwhenIwasontheBeiBeibeat.13.(2023·濟(jì)南高三模擬)Verticalgardeningisn’tnew,butanexamplefromIndiashowshowthisinventivetechniqueistruly(true)changinglives.14.(2023·臨沂高三一模)Withtherisingpopularity(popular)ofthesport,moreyoungChinesearegettinginvolved.15.(2023·鶴崗高三上學(xué)期考試)Thesonstartedtheseamazing(amaze)tripswithhisfatherbecausethefathergotcancer—aseriousillness(ill).16.(2023·泰州高三第二次調(diào)研)Masimply(simple)wantedhiscompanytohaveaglobal(globe)andinterestingname,andrealizedAlibabaisastoryknownacrosstheworld.17.(2023·漳州高中畢業(yè)班質(zhì)檢)Thissmallcountywasnotedforsomeimpressive(impress)architecturesinancientconventionalstyles.18.(2023·衡水中學(xué)第二次調(diào)研考試)Nervouslyfacingchallenges,IknowIwillwhispertomyself(I)thetwosimplewords“Beyourself”.19.(2023·鹽城高三調(diào)研考試)WhenthegorillasandIfrightenedeachother,Iwasjustgladtofindthem(they)alive.20.(2023·邢臺(tái)高三質(zhì)檢)Onmyrecentvisit，Iheldalivelythree－month－oldtwinthathadbeenrejectedbyits(it)mother.Ⅱ.模擬沖關(guān)解題提示：解題時(shí)請(qǐng)尤其關(guān)注詞性變化題。(2023·石家莊高三質(zhì)檢)In1998,aneco－museumwasestablishedinSuojiaMiao,YiandHuiTownship,China’sGuizhouProvince.Consistingof12villages,includingGaoxingVillage,theeco－museumisdifferentfromtraditionalones.Itisn’tenclosedbywallsand1.____________itshowcasesismorethanvariouscollections.XiongShaozhen,a77－year－oldresidentofGaoxingVillage,weaveseverydaywithaloom(織布機(jī))inawoodenhouse,herdaughter－in－lawbusy2.______________(learn)thecraftfromher.“Thecostumes,language,musicandeventhewayofproductionofthelocalcommunityareallliving3.____________(significance)exhibits，”saidLuoGang,headofthemuseum.Adecadeago，GaoxingVillage4.____________(list)inatraditionalChinesevillagescatalog(目錄).However，Luofoundtherewerefewloomsleftinthevillage.He5.____________(apply)forabudgetfromrelevantdepartmentsandinvitedprofessionalcraftsmentoproduceloomsforthevillagers.Heaskedeachvillagerthatreceivedthemachine6.____________(use)itandtrainaninheritor(繼承者)ofthelocalweavingtechnique.Inaddition,mostoftheoldfolkhouseswiththeir7.____________(roof)madeofstrawneededregularreplacementandLuohadtheiroriginalappearance8.____________(restore).Thereare25sucheco－museumsintheprovince,whichareinline9.____________sustainabledevelopmentprinciples.Notonlydotheyguidevillagerstoperformindependentmanagementandactivatetheirpassionforpreservingtheirtraditionalcultures,buttheycreatemorejobsandgive10.____________boosttolocaltourism.【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是新聞報(bào)道。文章主要介紹了在貴州省梭戛苗族彝族回族鄉(xiāng)建立的生態(tài)博物館。1.what[考查名詞性從句。句意：它沒(méi)有被墻包圍，并且它展示的不僅僅是各種藏品。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處引導(dǎo)的是主語(yǔ)從句，從句中缺少賓語(yǔ)，應(yīng)該用what引導(dǎo)。故填what。]2.learning[考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：77歲的熊紹珍是高興村的居民，她每天都在一間木屋里用織布機(jī)編織，她的兒媳忙著跟她學(xué)習(xí)手藝。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處是固定搭配：busydoingsth意為“忙于做某事”。故填learning。]3.significant[考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。句意：博物館館長(zhǎng)羅剛說(shuō)：“當(dāng)?shù)厣鐓^(qū)的服裝、語(yǔ)言、音樂(lè)甚至生產(chǎn)方式都是鮮活的重要展品?！狈治鼍渥咏Y(jié)構(gòu)可知，空后是名詞exhibits，所以空處應(yīng)填形容詞，significance的形容詞是significant。故填significant。]4.waslisted[考查時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)和主謂一致。句意：十年前，高興村被列入中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)村落目錄。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，本句缺少謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，所以list應(yīng)該作本句謂語(yǔ)，主語(yǔ)是GaoxingVillage，兩者間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，應(yīng)該用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，再根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)Adecadeago，應(yīng)該用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。主語(yǔ)為第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)，故填waslisted。]5.applied[考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：他向有關(guān)部門(mén)申請(qǐng)了預(yù)算，并邀請(qǐng)專(zhuān)業(yè)工匠為村民制作織布機(jī)。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，根據(jù)and可知，空處應(yīng)是和invited一起作本句的并列謂語(yǔ)，所以apply也用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。故填applied。]6.touse[考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：他要求每個(gè)收到機(jī)器的村民都使用它，并培訓(xùn)當(dāng)?shù)鼐幙椉夹g(shù)的繼承人。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處是固定搭配：asksbtodosth意為“要求某人做某事”。故填touse。]7.roofs[考查名詞的數(shù)。句意：此外，大多數(shù)稻草屋頂?shù)睦厦窬有枰ㄆ诟鼡Q，羅剛也讓他們恢復(fù)了原來(lái)的外觀。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空前是形容詞性物主代詞，所以空處應(yīng)填名詞，roof意為“屋頂”，為可數(shù)名詞，此處應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填roofs。]8.restored[考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意同上題。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，本句已有謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞had，所以restore應(yīng)該用非謂語(yǔ)形式，邏輯主語(yǔ)是appearance，兩者間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，應(yīng)該用過(guò)去分詞表被動(dòng)。故填restored。]9.with[考查介詞。句意：全省有25個(gè)這樣的生態(tài)博物館，符合可持續(xù)發(fā)展原則。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處考查固定搭配：inlinewith意為“符合……的”。故填with。]10.a[考查冠詞。句意：他們不僅引導(dǎo)村民自主經(jīng)營(yíng)，激發(fā)村民保護(hù)傳統(tǒng)文化的熱情，而且創(chuàng)造了更多的就業(yè)機(jī)會(huì)，促進(jìn)了當(dāng)?shù)芈糜螛I(yè)的發(fā)展。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處考查固定搭配：giveaboostto意為“促進(jìn)”。故填a。](2023·聊城統(tǒng)考一模)Mostpeoplewouldprobablyjustseewheatstrawasapileofwasteinafarmer’sfield.However,WuCui,anintangibleculturalinheritor,canturnthestrawleftoverfromharvestedwheat1.____________beautifulandeye－catchingfunctionalartworks.Themostcommonmaterials,once2.____________(process)bythehandsofcraftsmen,canbemagicallytransformed.Thetechniqueofstrawplaiting(編織)，3.____________methodofmanufacturingdailyitemsorartworksbybraidingstraw,4.____________(list)asanationalintangibleculturalheritagein2008.ItenjoysaprofoundhistoryinChinaandhasplayedasignificantroleinthedailylivesofcommonpeople.5.____________(intense)interestedinthetechnique,Wumadethestraw－plaitingherjobandstartedfromscratchaftergraduatingfromuniversitytwoyearsago.Now,sheisworkingatacompanyinBeijingthatfocusesonthe6.____________(promote)oftraditionalcrafts.AccordingtoWu,insteadoftheactualweaving,theselectionofmaterialsisthefirststep7._____________cantakealongtimetocomplete.Nextcomesketchingthepieceonpaper,conceivingitsthree－dimensionalstructure,weaving,shaping8.____________finallythepreservingofthework.The9.____________(hard)partistomaketheworkslifelikeandsolid.Whenaskedaboutherplans,Wusaysshedesires10.____________(dig)deeperintolocaltraditionalcultureandcreateculturalcreativeproductsbyfullyleveragingthestrawplaitingtechnique.【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了非物質(zhì)文化傳承人吳翠，用麥稈編織藝術(shù)品，創(chuàng)造文化創(chuàng)意產(chǎn)品。1.into[考查介詞。句意：而非物質(zhì)文化傳承人吳翠，卻能將收割后的麥稈變成美觀、醒目的功能性藝術(shù)品。分析句子可知，此處應(yīng)為固定短語(yǔ)o...意為“把……變成……”符合句意。故填into。]2.processed[考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：最普通的材料，一旦經(jīng)過(guò)工匠的手加工，就能神奇地變形。分析句子可知，此處應(yīng)為狀語(yǔ)從句省略“主語(yǔ)＋be動(dòng)詞”結(jié)構(gòu)，process與句子主語(yǔ)為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以使用過(guò)去分詞形式。故填processed。]3.a[考查冠詞。句意：草編技術(shù)是一種用稻草編織日常用品或藝術(shù)品的方法，于2008年被列為國(guó)家級(jí)非物質(zhì)文化遺產(chǎn)。分析句子可知，此處所在的短語(yǔ)作Thetechniqueofstrawplaiting的同位語(yǔ)，method為可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)，其前需要限定詞，所以此處應(yīng)為冠詞，結(jié)合句意，此處表示泛指數(shù)量“一”，所以此處為不定冠詞。method的發(fā)音以輔音音素開(kāi)頭。故填a。]4.waslisted[考查時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)和主謂一致。句意同上題。分析句子可知，此處應(yīng)為謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，根據(jù)in2008可知，此處應(yīng)使用一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)，與主語(yǔ)Thetechniqueofstrawplaiting之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，且主語(yǔ)為單數(shù)，故填waslisted。]5.Intensely[考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。句意：由于對(duì)草編技術(shù)非常感興趣，兩年前大學(xué)畢業(yè)后，她就白手起家開(kāi)始了自己的草編工作。分析句子可知，此處應(yīng)為副詞作狀語(yǔ)修飾interested，intense的副詞形式為intensely且位于句首，首字母需大寫(xiě)。故填I(lǐng)ntensely。]6.promotion[考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。句意：現(xiàn)在，她在北京一家致力于推廣傳統(tǒng)手工藝的公司工作。分析句子可知，此處應(yīng)為名詞作賓語(yǔ)，promote的名詞形式為promotion且為不可數(shù)名詞。故填promotion。]7.that[考查定語(yǔ)從句。句意：吳女士說(shuō)，比起實(shí)際的編織，選材是第一步，這需要很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間才能完成。分析句子可知，此處應(yīng)為關(guān)系詞引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，從句中缺少主語(yǔ)，先行詞指的是物，所以使用關(guān)系代詞，先行詞前有序數(shù)詞修飾時(shí)，關(guān)系代詞不能使用which。故填that。]8.and[考查并列連詞。句意：接下來(lái)是在紙上畫(huà)草圖，構(gòu)思它的三維結(jié)構(gòu)，編織，成型，最后保存作品。結(jié)合句意可知，空前與空后的內(nèi)容為并列關(guān)系。故填and。]9.hardest[考查比較等級(jí)。句意：最難的部分是使作品逼真和扎實(shí)。分析句子可知，此處應(yīng)為形容詞作定語(yǔ)修飾名詞part，根據(jù)句意以及空前的定冠詞the經(jīng)常與形容詞最高級(jí)連用可知，此處應(yīng)為形容詞最高級(jí)。故填hardest。]10.todig[考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：當(dāng)被問(wèn)及她的計(jì)劃時(shí)，吳女士表示，她希望能更深入地挖掘當(dāng)?shù)氐膫鹘y(tǒng)文化，充分利用草編創(chuàng)作文化創(chuàng)意產(chǎn)品。分析句子可知，此處為固定用法desiretodosth，意為“渴望做某事”，所以此處應(yīng)為不定式形式，且表示主動(dòng)意義。故填todig。]第三講無(wú)提示詞之冠詞、介詞和代詞——依據(jù)基本用法，巧解3種題型從最近幾年高考題來(lái)看，無(wú)提示詞填空題主要考查四類(lèi)詞，即冠詞、介詞、代詞和連詞。本講主要涉及冠詞、介詞和代詞填空題?！舅季S導(dǎo)圖】——無(wú)提示詞題宏觀解題2大步驟無(wú)提示詞之冠詞【典例】限時(shí)8分鐘，體會(huì)冠詞的用法。1.(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷)Themeatshouldbefreshwithatouchofsweetnessandthesurroundingsouphot,clearanddelicious.2.(2023·新高考Ⅱ卷)Notthepandas,eventhoughthelanguageusedforthemedicaltraininginstructionsisactuallyEnglish.3.(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)CoveringanareaaboutthreetimesthesizeofYellowstoneNationalPark,theGPNPwillbeoneofthefirstnationalparksinthecountry.4.(2022·新高考Ⅱ卷)TheBrownfamilyliveinanapartmentbuildingoutsideToronto.Onthedayoftheaccident,Mrs.BrownwasatworkandEricwasathomewithhisfather.5.(2022·全國(guó)甲卷)InspiredbytheBeltandRoadForumforInternationalCooperationheldinBeijing，Caodecidedtocovertheroutebyhikingasatribute(致敬)totheancientSilkRoad.Afriendofhis,WuFan,volunteeredtobehiscompanionduringthetrip.6.(2022·全國(guó)乙卷)May21stthisyearmarksthefirstInternationalTeaDay...Tocelebratethefestival,anumberofeventstookplaceattheChineseBusinessmanMuseuminBeijingonThursday.7.(2022·浙江1月卷)Cobb,forherpart,startedtoaskconferenceorganizerswhoinvitedhertospeakifshecoulddosoremotely;aboutthree－quartersofthetime,theyagreed.8.(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)Whileyou’reinChina,MountHuangshanisamusttovisit!9.(2021·全國(guó)甲卷)Ittookusabout3hourstogoallthewayaroundtheXi’anCityWall.10.(2021·全國(guó)乙卷)Duetothegrowingpopularityofenvironmentally－relatedandadventuretravel,varioustypesoftripsarenowbeingclassifiedasecotourism.11.(2023·諸暨高三模擬)Theseareallexamplesofsingle－useplasticproducts,whichisahottopicbasedonbothenvironmentalandhealthconcerns.12.(2023·南京高三調(diào)研)In1955，Kristiansen’ssonGodtfredlaunchedLEGObricksasasystem,acceptingtheideathatthemoreyouhave,themorethingsyoucanmake.13.(2023·南京高三學(xué)情調(diào)研)Theancienttaleofromanceisgivenanewsettingandstillprovidesattractiveviewingforamodernaudience.14.(2023·浙江省名校協(xié)作體高三聯(lián)考)ToprotecttheAsianelephantaswellasotherwildlife,theprefectureexpandedtheareaofitsnaturereserves,whichhasnearlydoubledfrom24，000hectaresinthe1980sto41，466hectaresnow.15.(2023·遼寧六校高三聯(lián)考)Onpublicholidays,theparkbecomesaseaofbusypeopleaspartiestakeplace.16.(2023·湖南省五市十校高三聯(lián)考)Drawnbycuriosity,morekidswillbewillingtoobserveandthinkthroughpracticing,whichwilladdtoourrecognitionoftheworldinthelongrun.【圖解技巧】【解題規(guī)則】1.不定冠詞a/an的主要用法(1)在文中第一次提到可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)，且表泛指時(shí)，用不定冠詞a/an。(2)在序數(shù)詞前，表示“又一，再一”時(shí)，用不定冠詞a/an。(3)a用于發(fā)音以輔音音素開(kāi)頭的名詞前，an用于發(fā)音以元音音素開(kāi)頭的名詞前。注意：并不是指以輔音字母或者元音字母開(kāi)頭的單詞。①以輔音字母開(kāi)頭，但是發(fā)元音的單詞有：honour，hour，honest等；②以元音字母開(kāi)頭，但是發(fā)輔音的單詞有：university，useful，useless，united，European，one－way等。2.定冠詞the的主要用法(1)第二次提到名詞時(shí)表特指，用定冠詞the。(2)當(dāng)名詞前后有定語(yǔ)修飾時(shí)，多數(shù)情況用定冠詞the。注意：表“一個(gè)……的……”時(shí)，用a/an。如aheavyrain。(3)用在序數(shù)詞或最高級(jí)前或有only，very，same等修飾的名詞前用定冠詞the。(4)用在“逢十”的年代前，表示“在某世紀(jì)幾十年代”，用定冠詞the。(5)用于表示姓氏的復(fù)數(shù)名詞前，表示一家人或夫婦倆。(6)用于世界上獨(dú)一無(wú)二的事物前。(7)用于被演奏的西洋樂(lè)器前。(8)“the＋形容詞”表示一類(lèi)人或事物。3.固定短語(yǔ)中的冠詞(1)定冠詞用在固定搭配中alltheway一路上，自始至終makethemost/bestof充分利用inthedistance在遠(yuǎn)處onthewhole大體上atthesametime同時(shí)forthetimebeing暫時(shí)onthespot/scene當(dāng)場(chǎng)；在現(xiàn)場(chǎng)onthecontrary相反(2)不定冠詞用在固定搭配中apackof一群anaverageof平均為apopulationof人口是doagooddeed做好事dosbafavour幫某人一個(gè)忙haveahistoryof有……的歷史haveabetterunderstandingof對(duì)……有更好的理解allofasudden突然無(wú)提示詞之介詞【典例】限時(shí)8分鐘，體會(huì)介詞的用法。1.(2023·新高考Ⅱ卷)AndwhodotheyspeakEnglishwith/to?2.(2023·全國(guó)甲卷)Shewarnsoftheenvironmentaldangersfacingsociety,andsheteachesthatpeoplemusttakeresponsibilityforsavingtheirenvironment.3.(2023·全國(guó)乙卷)Beijingisacitybridgingtheancientandthemodern.FromBuddhisttemplestomuseums,narrowhutongtoroyalpalaces,itishometomorethan3，000yearsofglorioushistoryevendowntoitslayout...4.(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)Giantpandasalsoserveasanumbrellaspecies(物種),bringingprotectiontoahostofplantsandanimalsinthesouthwesternandnorthwesternpartsofChina.5.(2022·全國(guó)甲卷)Now,CaohasstartedthesecondpartofhisdreamtowalkalongtheBeltandRoadroute.Heflew4，700kilometersfromXi’antoKashgaronSept20,planningtohikebacktoXi’aninfivemonths.6.(2022·全國(guó)乙卷)May21stthisyearmarksthefirstInternationalTeaDay,whichwasnamedofficiallybytheUnitedNationsonNovember27th,2019.7.(2022·北京卷)Helenwaswalkingdownthestreetlateintheevening,herarmsfilledwithgrocerybags.8.(2021·新高考Ⅱ卷)Acompanyrepresentativewrotebackandtoldmetheairlinewasswitchingoverfromplastictopapercupsonallofits1，200dailyflights.9.(2021·全國(guó)甲卷)ItwasbuiltoriginallytoprotectthecityintheTangdynastyandhasnowbeencompletelyrestored(修復(fù)).10.(2021·全國(guó)乙卷)Duetothegrowingpopularityofenvironmentally－relatedandadventuretravel,varioustypesoftripsarenowbeingclassifiedasecotourism.11.(2021·全國(guó)乙卷)Ecotourismhasitsoriginwiththeenvironmentalmovementofthe1970s.Itwasnotwidelyacceptedasatravelconceptuntilthelate1980s.12.(2021·浙江1月卷)Thestudyfoundthatbetween1985and2017,averageruralBMIincreasedby2.1inwomenandmen.13.(2023·葫蘆島高三模擬)Theridelastsseveralminutes.Ittravelsfromthesecurityareatotheboardinggateataspeedof3.5kilometersperhour.14.(2023·長(zhǎng)沙一中高三二調(diào))Itwasremarkablehowacommunitylostsomuchandwasstillabletorecover，andthisleftthedeepestimpressiononthestudents.15.(2023·武漢外國(guó)語(yǔ)學(xué)校高三調(diào)研)Thefirstsuggestedthatcholeramultipliedintheair.Thesecondsuggestedthatpeopleabsorbedthisdiseaseintotheirbodieswiththeirmeals.16.(2023·深圳外國(guó)語(yǔ)學(xué)校高三一調(diào))Followinghisrecentrisetofame,Rizeahasbeenaskedbymanycities,includingthecapitalofRomaniatotransformtheiroldtreetrunksintoworksofart.【圖解技巧】【解題規(guī)則】一、根據(jù)句意和介詞用法確定介詞1.表示時(shí)間的in，on和at(1)in表示在某段較長(zhǎng)的時(shí)間內(nèi)(如世紀(jì)、年代、月份等)或泛指上午、下午、晚上等；(2)on表示在具體的某一天或某一天的上午、下午、晚上等；(3)at表示某個(gè)時(shí)間點(diǎn)、時(shí)刻等。2.表示交通方式的by和on/in(1)by后可直接跟涉及或不涉及交通工具的名詞，名詞前不加冠詞；(2)on/in后跟交通工具時(shí)，名詞前應(yīng)有冠詞、物主代詞、指示代詞等修飾語(yǔ)。3.表示“用……”的by，in和with(1)by指“靠……手段，用……方法，憑借……”；(2)in多用于表示語(yǔ)言、材料的名詞前；(3)with多用于表示工具或身體器官的名詞前。4.of表示“……的”“of＋n.”相當(dāng)于該名詞對(duì)應(yīng)的形容詞。5.as表示“作為”6.from表示“自，從”7.despite/inspiteof表示“盡管”二、根據(jù)固定搭配確定介詞1.與動(dòng)詞搭配leave/makeanimpressionon...對(duì)……有影響o...把……轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)椤璻emindsbofsth提醒某人某事competeforsthwithsb為某事與某人競(jìng)爭(zhēng)datebackto/datefrom追溯至prepare...for...讓……為……做準(zhǔn)備comeabout發(fā)生accountfor占……比例putsthintopractice實(shí)施……bearsthinmind記住……2.與形容詞搭配becuriousabout對(duì)……感到好奇beassociatedwith與……有關(guān)berichin在……方面豐富besimilarto與……相似befamousfor因……而著名3.介詞短語(yǔ)byaccident偶然introuble陷入困境，陷入麻煩inhonourof為紀(jì)念inturn依次；轉(zhuǎn)而inreturn作為報(bào)答atrisk處于危險(xiǎn)中onboard在(火車(chē)、飛機(jī)、船)上onaverage平均inadvance提前onthecontrary相反無(wú)提示詞之代詞【典例】限時(shí)5分鐘，體會(huì)代詞的用法。1.(全國(guó)Ⅰ卷)Ifyouaretimepoor,youneedrunforonlyhalfthetimetogetthesamebenefitsasothersports,soperhapsweshouldallgiveitatry.2.(全國(guó)Ⅱ卷)However,therailwayquicklyprovedtobeagreatsuccessandwithinsixmonths,morethan25，000peoplewereusingiteveryday.3.(浙江6月卷)ManywesternerswhocometoChinacookmuchlessthanintheirowncountriesoncetheyrealizehowcheapitcanbetoeatout.4.(2023·南寧第一次適應(yīng)性測(cè)試)ShiYan,chiefoftheLiaoningUniversityofTCM,sayshesupportsinternationalstudentstoparticipateinsuchactivities,whichwillhelpthemcombineknowledgetogetherwithculture.5.(2023·廣東2月聯(lián)考)Wemustkeepremindingourselvesthatitiseasiertogetintosomethingthanitistogetoutofit.6.(2023·廣東2月聯(lián)考)Atourfactorythereareafewmachinessimilartotheonesdescribedinthismagazine.7.(2023·長(zhǎng)郡中學(xué)適應(yīng)性考試)Atthatmomentayoungladywhonoticedmybookcameuptomeandintroducedit.8.(2023·汕頭一模)Whenitcomestosavingenergy,bigchangesstartwithsmallsteps,liketurningoffthelights.9.(2023·武漢部分學(xué)校聯(lián)考)Thequalityofeducationinthissmallschoolisbetterthanthatinsomelargerschools.10.(2023·福州質(zhì)檢)EverynewyearintheheartlandofindustrialChinathousandsuponthousandsofmotorcyclistsbravetheweatherandhittheroad,determinedtomakeithome.【圖解技巧】【解題規(guī)則】1.代詞it的用法(1)指代天氣、時(shí)間、距離等。(2)分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，發(fā)現(xiàn)句子缺少形式主語(yǔ)或形式賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，應(yīng)考慮it。(3)it的常用固定句型：①I(mǎi)tis/was＋被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分＋that/who＋其他成分②It＋be＋形容詞＋of/forsbtodosth③Itisnogood/nouse/useless/awasteoftimedoingsth④hate/like/enjoyitwhen...⑤whenitcomesto...⑥assbputsit⑦makeit2.其他代詞的用法無(wú)提示詞類(lèi)填空，當(dāng)句中缺少主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，一般要填it等人稱(chēng)代詞或指示代詞。(1)如果空格前文出現(xiàn)了單數(shù)名詞，并且空處作主語(yǔ)，可根據(jù)代指的情況用he，she或者it。(2)如果空格前文出現(xiàn)了單數(shù)名詞，并且空處作賓語(yǔ)，可根據(jù)代指的情況用him，her或者it。(3)如果空格前文出現(xiàn)了復(fù)數(shù)名詞，并且空處作主語(yǔ)，填they。(4)如果空格前文出現(xiàn)了復(fù)數(shù)名詞，并且空處作賓語(yǔ)，填them。介詞、冠詞和代詞題集中特訓(xùn)Ⅰ.專(zhuān)項(xiàng)演練解題提示：認(rèn)真分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，先判斷哪一類(lèi)詞，再根據(jù)句意確定填哪個(gè)詞。1.(2023·廣州高三一模)ForLucy,nothingbeatstraveling,whichshedescribedasherfavoritepartofbeingalive.2.(2023·長(zhǎng)郡中學(xué)一模)Studieshaveshownthatstudentswhousehandwritingtotakenotesinclassrememberinformationbetter—improvingtheirscoresbyasmuchas44percent.3.(2023·佛山高三一模)Confucius(孔子)wasanextraordinaryeducatorandphilosopher,andfoundedConfucianism.4.(2023·玉林高三一模)“AccusingtheBritishofhavingnosenseofhumorisliketellingRolls－Roycethatitscarsaredown－market.”5.(2023·遼西地區(qū)高三大聯(lián)考)Weusebicyclestodayforrecreation,fitnessandsoon.Withoutthebicycle,muchoftheworldmightstopworking!6.(2023·南陽(yáng)一模)Iwonderhowrelevantchemistryistothesestudents,mostofwhomwillbegoingbacktotheirvillageafterYear8anyway.7.(2023·新鄉(xiāng)一模)Forfearofbeinglaughedat，hehasdecidedtowithdrawfromthecompetition.8.(2023·深圳高三一模)NowweknowthattheyhavethesamefeaturesthatcanalsobefoundinsharksaroundAustraliaandtheSouthSea.9.(2023·廣州高三期中考試)“Itisnotcommonfordesignersandengineerstobuildanewrockettypewithinjustovertwoyears，”saidSongZhengyu,LongMarch－8’schiefdesigner.10.(2023·巴中高三一診考試)AfterIthankedhismotherformorerice,HuanHuanfinallycalledmeoutsideforaprivatechat.11.(2023·福州期末)WhenIstudiedEnglishliteratureatuniversity，Ithoughtitbesttobuildmyownlibrary.12.(2023·衡水中學(xué)二調(diào))Employing3Dlaserscanningtechnology，theresearchersdigitallyrecordtheshapes，colorsandotherfinedetailsofthegrottoesandlaterreproducethembyusing3Dprintingtechnology.13.(2023·云南一模)IthaslongbeenadreamfortheLaopeopletoseetheircountrychangefromaland