大學英語四級改革適用（閱讀）模擬試

卷60（共9套）

（共260題）

大學英語四級改革適用（閱讀）模擬試

卷第1套

一、詞匯理解（本題共70題，每題1.0分，共70分。）

Aflciinlcnsivcrcscaruli,suicnlibtshavecunuiudcddialpoliliuiauslie.Inastudy

describedinBritain'sObservernewspaper,GlenNewey,apoliticalscientistatBritain's

UniversityofStrathclyde,concludedthatlyingisanimportantpartof[Cl]in

themoderndemocracy."Politiciansneedtobemorehonestaboutlying,"hetoldthe

newspaper.AccordingtoNewey,votersexpecttobeliedtoincertaincircumstances,and

sometimeseven[C2]it."Politicsshouldberegardedaslesslikeanexercisein

producing[C3]statementsandmorelikeapokergame,"hesaid."Andthereis

anexpectationbyapokerplayerthatyoutryto[C4]themaspartofthegame."

Neweysaidlyingbypoliticianscanoccasionallybe[C5]justified,suchas

whennationalsecurityisat[C6],andthepublicevenhasa"righttobeliedto"

incaseswheretheydonotexpecttobetoldthewholetruth,suchasduringawar.Butthe

maincauseoflyingisincreased[C7]bythepublicintoareasthatthe

governmentwouldrathernotdiscusscandidly.Ifvotersonlyaskedfewerquestions,

politicianswouldtellthemfewerlies.BillClinton[C8]liedabouthisaffair

withMonicaLewinsky,whileearlierphilandering（追逐女人的）U.S.presidentsnever

hadtolieabouttheir[C9],becausenobodyeverasked."When[CIO]

orparliamentarycolleaguesstarttoprobeatthatareawhichthegovernment

wantstokeepsecret,youaremorelikelytobepushedfurtherandfurthertowardthe

territoryoflying,"Neweysaid.A.famouslyB.requireC.politicsD.miserableE.

intermediateF.journalistsG.representingH.affairsI.mechanismJ.truthfulK.faithfully

L.probingM.deceiveN.riskO.entirely

K[Cl]

標準答案：C

知識點解析：由前面的partof可知此處為名詞。根據(jù)上文提到的內(nèi)容及political,

politician,democracy等詞，可以推斷空白處最合適的詞是polilics。

2、[C2]

標準答案：B

知識點解析：此處應為動詞原形，與and前半句所用的時態(tài)一致。根據(jù)本句中的

expecl及even等詞可以推斷，空白處的動詞詞義比“希望”更強，只有.require（要求）

最合適。

3、[C3]

標準答案：J

知識點解析：此處應為形容詞，修飾statements。本句將“政治”與“做出——聲明的

活動”及紙牌游戲做比較，根據(jù)上一句的句意及本句中的lesshkc...andmorelike...

兩個比較結構，可以推斷pokergame在句中是貶義的，而空白處的形1容詞應為

一個褒義詞，因此答案為iruthful。truthfulstatements意為“真實聲明”。

4、[C4]

標準答案：M

知識點解析：由前面的tryto可知此處為動詞原形。根據(jù).上一段中的expecttobe

lied及本句提到的pokergame等詞可以判斷本題答案為deceive?

5、[C51

標準答案：0

知識點解析：此處應為副詞，修飾justified的程度c根據(jù)上文提到的有時政客說謊

是必須的，及本句提到的Uiepublicevenhasalrighttobeliedk）“，可以推斷這人程

度副詞是entirelyo

6、[C6]

標準答案：N

知識點解析：此處應為名詞，可與at搭配，作is的表語。在詞庫中可以與at搭配

的名詞只有riskowhennationalsecurityisatrisk意為“當國家安全處于危險中的時

候”。

7、[C7]

標準答案：L

知識點解析：此處應為名詞或動名詞，可與into搭配。根據(jù)上下文的意思，在詞

庫中只有probing最合適。probinginto…意為”對...的調(diào)查”。注意區(qū)別本句中

increased的詞性，因為主語themaincause不可能“增長”,故increased在此不是動

詞謂語，而是過去分詞作形容詞修飾空白處的名詞。

8、[C81

標準答案：A

知識點解析：此處應為副詞，修飾lie。根據(jù)BillClinton和MonicaLewinsky這些

名詞及他們的事件，可以推斷該詞應為famouslyo

9、[C9]

標準答案：H

知識點解析：此處應為名詞，而且是復數(shù)。根據(jù)本句的句意，可以推斷空白處的單

詞應與本句說到BillClinton的事件有關，而且此處的lieabouttheir與前一

個分句BillClintonliedabouthisaffair結構相同，因此答案是affairs一詞。

10、[CIO]

標準答案：F

知識點解析：此處應為名詞，與colleagues并列，都是表示某種人，只有

journalists適合。

二、長篇閱讀(本題共10題，每題1.0分，共70分。)

TheLostArtofListeningA)"Whywon'theevenlistentomyidea?""WhyamIcutoff

beforeIprovidethewholestory?"Howmanytimeshaveyoubeenfrustratedbysomeone

notlisteningtowhatyouhavetosay?Howmanytimeshaveyoufrustratedothersbynot

listeningtothem?Wetendtothinkthatlisteningisthesameashearing;butlisteningis

theartofbeingalerttotheproblemsofthepersonyouarewith.Problemscausedbynot

listeningcanbeserious,notonlyatwork,butalsowithfamilyandfriends.Manytimes

wejumpintosaywhat'sonourmindsbeforewe'veevenacknowledgedwhattheother

personhassaid,shortcircuitingthepossibilityofmutualunderstanding.Speaking

withoutlistening,hearingwithoutunderstanding.Infactwe'reoftenbaffledand

dismayedbythefeelingofbeingleftsittingaroundinthedark.B)Effectivemanagersare

proactive(主動的)listeners.Theydon'twaitformembersoftheirstafftocometothem;

theymakeanactiveefforttofindoutwhatpeoplethinkandfeelbyaskingthem.The

managerwhomeetsfrequentlywithstaffmemberskeepsinformedand,evenmore

importantly,communicatesinterestinthepeoplethemselves.Anopen-doorpolicyallows

access,butitdoesn'tsubstituteforanactivecampaignofreachingoutandlisteningto

people.Themanagerwhodoesn'taskquestionscommunicatesthatheorshedoesn*tcare.

Andifheorshedoesn'tlisten,themessageis"I'mnotthereforyou."Evenifamanager

decidesnottofollowasubordinate'ssuggestion,listeningwithsincereinterestconveys

respectandmakestheemployeefeelappreciated.C)Communicatingbymemoorc-

mail—howeverwittyorinformal—isnotsubstituteforpersonalcontact,becauseitcloses

offthechancetolisten.Simplygoingthroughthemotionsofmeetingwithpeopledoesn't

workeither.Thefakelistenerdoesn'tfoolanyone.Pooreyecontact,shufflingfeet,busy

hands,andmeaninglessreplies,like"That'sinteresting"and"Isthatright?"givethem

away.Theinsincerelistener'slackofinterestintheconversationbetraysalarger

problem:lackofinterestinthepersonwithwhomthelisteneriscommunicating.D)Most

peopledon'tlistenwiththeintenttounderstand;theylistenwiththeintenttoreply.Even

atwork,whereperformancetakespriorityoverrelationships,listeningcarefullyto

understandtheotherperson'spointofview—beforeyoueventhinkaboutreplying—is

thekeytoproductivecommunication.Effectivemanagersdeveloparoutineinwhich

communicationtimeisanintegralpartofthejob.Theymeetwiththeirstaffandask

questions.Theydon'treactbeforegatheringallthefacts.Iftheydon'tknowwhattheir

peoplearethinkingandfeeling,theyask-andtheylisten.E)Whenwedon'tfeelheard

byoursuperiors,fewofusgiveuprightaway.Wewritememos,weasktomeetwith

them,wetrytocommunicateourneedsandconveyourpointsofview.Thenwegiveup.

Frequently,wccomplaintoourcoworkersandourfamilyandfriends.Ventingfeelings

offrustrationwiththirdpartiesratherthanaddressingconflictsattheirsourcecantakeon

epidemicproportionsinv/orksettings.Sometimesittakestheformofgossip,running

downsomeonewho'snotpresent.F)But,someofyoumightbethinking,mybossreally

isinsensitive.I'vetriedtotalktohim,andhejustdoesn'tlisten.Themistakepeoplemake

intryingtogetthroughtounreceptivesuperiorsisthesamemistakemostofusmakein

dealingwiththedifficultpeopleinourlives:wetrytochangethem.Andwhenthat

doesn'twork,wegiveup.Instead,startbyexaminingyourownexpectations.Whatdo

youwantandhowarcyouprogrammedtogoaboutgettingit?Arcyouexpectingtohave

yourpersonalneedsmetatwork?Doyouworkhardandwaitpatientlytorthebosstotell

youthatyou'redoingagreatjob,likeagoodlittleboyorgirl?G)listeningisimportantat

workbecauseitenablespeopletounderstandeachother,getalongandgetthejobdone.

Butdon'tgettoopersonal.Don'tletyourcompassionallowsomeonetotalkabouttheir

personalproblems,whichisinterferingwithwork.Thismaybehappeningifyou'rethe

onlypersonhetalksto.Agoodsupervisorkeepschannelsofcommunicationopen—and

keepsthemfocusedonthetaskathand—byaskingforfrequentfeedbackabouthow

thingsaregoing(onthejob)."Whatdoyoulikeanddislikesofaraboutworkinghere?1'

"Isthereanythingyouthinkweshouldchangetomakethingssmoother?"H)Remember

thatitcanbeintimidatingforsubordinatestogivecriticismormakesuggestions.Ifyou

wantthemtofeelsafeenoughtoopenup,reassurethemthatyouappreciatetheirideas.

"I'mgladyouspokeup.""Thanksforlettingmeknow.""Ididn'trealize...I'mgladyou

toldme."Listeningtothepeopleweworkwithisn'tthesameasbecomingfriendswith

them.Manypeopleworr)'thatifwcallowourselvestogetpersonalattheworkplace,

thingsmightgetsticky.Butthosewhothinkthateffectiveteamworkisn'taboutlistening

(it'saboutgettingthingsdone)arewrong.Withoutbeingheardwearediminished,as

workersandaspeople.I)Keepinmindthedifferencebetweendissent(異議)and

defiance(擬匕釁).Defiancemeansattackingtheotherperson'spositionandmakinghim

wrong.Dissentmeanshavingthecouragetostandupfbrwhatyouthinkandfeel.It'sthe

differencebetweensaying"You'rewrong"and"ThisishowIfeel.'1Clearly,adissenting

messageismucheasiertohearthanadefiantone.Thelistenerismorewillingand

interestedinhearingadissenter'sobjection.Someonewhohearsadefiantobjectionwill

tendtoeitherignorethecommentorberudelycounter-defiant.Thisisacommon

problemthattendstoincreasebarriersbetweenpeople,somethingyoudon'twantina

workenvironmentwhereteamworkisnecessary.Carefullisteningisdifficultandtakes

practicetoimprove.Tryhardertounderstandtheotherperson'sperspective.

11、Personalcontactcanneverbereplacedbycommunicatingthroughmemoore-mail

whichmightbewittyorinformal.

標準答案：C

知識點解析：根據(jù)題目中的willy和informal可以定位到C段。該句提到，通過備

忘錄或電子郵件耒溝通，不管多么有趣或輕松，始終不能代替私下的交流，題日信

息與此相符，故選C。

12、Ifanemployeewantstocommunicatewithanunreceptivesuperior,heshouldnot

trytochangetheboss.

標準答案：F

知識點解析：根據(jù)題目的unreceptivesuperiors可定位至F段。該段第3句提到，雇

員在跟不包容的上司溝通時犯的錯誤：試圖改變他們，意即雇員不應該試圖改變不

包容的老板，題目信息與此相符，故選F。

13、Effectivemanagersmakeanactiveefforttokeepinformedofwhatastaffmember

thinks.

標準答案：B

知識點解析：根據(jù)關鍵詞Effectivemanagers及makeanactiveeffort定位至ljB段，

該段笫2句就表明卓有成效的經(jīng)理人不會等著員工找上門來，而是主動采取行動，

故選B。

14、Ilisnotallowedlotalkaboutpersonalproblemsatwork,becauseitinterfereswith

work.

標準答案：G

知識點解析：根據(jù)personal及interfere等詞可以定位到G段。該段第3句提到，不

要因同情心使別人向你訴說他們的個人問題，這會影響工作，題目信息與此相符，

故選G。

15^Thesaying"ThisishowIfeel"canbeclassifiedasadissentingmessage.

標準答案：I-「「

知識點解析：根據(jù)題目關鍵信息“ThisishowIfeel.”定位到I段。該段的第2句和

第3句分別解釋了defiance和dissent的含義，并在第4句舉例說明dissent和

defiance的區(qū)別，只要理解了這幾句，就不難選出1。

16、Itisusefultosendthemessagetothesubordinatethattheirideaswouldbe

appreciatedbecauseitcanletthemfeelsafetoopenup.

標準答案：H

知識點解析；根據(jù)題H的apprcciated,fedsafe可定位到H段，該段第2句表示如

果想讓員工放心表達意見，就要讓他們相信你贊賞他們的想法，題目信息與此相

符,故選H。

17、Whenwedon'tfeelheardbyoursuperiors,mostofuswon'tgiveupimmediately.

標準答案：E

知識點解析：根據(jù)題目的don'tfeelheardbyoursuperiors可定位至E段。該段第1

句的When從句與題目前半句相符，而題1=1中的mostofuswon't與原文的fewof

us的同義，故選E。

18、Thekeytoproductivecommunicationistolistenwiththeintenttounderstand.

標準答案：D

知識點解析：根據(jù)題目的Thekeytoproductivecommunication可定位到D段。該段

第2句破折號之后的內(nèi)容表示理解地傾聽別人的觀點是有效溝通的關鍵所在，題目

信息與此相同。

19、Differentfromhearing,listeningistheartofbeingalerltotheproblemsofthoseyou

arewith.

標準答案：A

知識點解析：本題談到傾聽和聽見的差別，提及此話題的是A段。該段第5句的

bul提示，傾聽和聽見有差別，此外結合句意：傾聽是一種對你身邊人的問題保持

敏感的藝術，可確定選A。

20、Agoodsupervisorfrequentlyasksforfeedbackabouthowthingsarcgoingsothat

hecankeepchannelsofcommunicationopen.

標準答案：G

知識點解析：根據(jù)信息點channelsofcommunicationopen定位到G段。該段第5句

提到，好的上司懂得保奪溝通渠道的暢通，通過提問得到隨時反饋，從而知道工作

的進展情況，題目信息與此相符，故選G。

三、仔細閱讀（本題共70題，每題7.0分，共10分。）

Forthousandsofyears,peoplethoughtofglassassomethingbeautifultolookat.Only

recentlyhavetheycometothinkofitassomethingtolookthrough.Storesdisplaytheir

goodsinlargeglasswindows.Glassbottlesandjarsthatholdfoodanddrinkallowusto

seethecontents.Glassisusedtomakeeyeglasses,microscopes,telescopes,andmany

otherextremelyusefulandnecessaryobjects.UntiltheSecondWorldWar,mostofthe

glassusedforopticalinstrumentswasimportedfromEurope.However,duringthewar

AmericanscouldnotgetEuropeanglass,andtheywereforcedtomaketheirown.Asa

result,newkindsofglassesweredevelopedthathadbeenpreviouslyunknown.These

neweffectswereachievedbymixingotherchemicalelementswiththesand.Someof

thesenewglassesareverystrongandcanresistmanykindsofshocks.Legendhasitthat

averyhardglasswasinventedbyaRomanwhoshowedhisdiscoverytotheEmperor.

WhentheEmperorsawtheglasshefearedthatitwouldbecomemorevaluablethangold

andsilver,makinghistreasureworthless.Therefore,hehadtheglassmakerkilled,and

thesecretwasnotdiscoveredagainforhundredsofyears.Inthepresentcentury,safety

glasswasinventedforuseinmoderncarsandplanes.Safetyglassismadebyplacinga

layerofplasticbetweentwolayersofplateglass.Whentheoutsidelayerofglassis

broken,thepiecesdonotscatterandinjurepeople.Someglassofthistypeisstrong

enoughtoresistbullets.Althoughinrecentyearsplasticshavereplacedglassunder

conditionswhereglassmightbeeasilybroken,therearenewusesbeingdeveloped,for

thegreatestadvantageofglassisthatitscomponentpartsareinexpensiveandcanbe

foundallovertheworld.

21、Withthepassageoftime,glass.

A、isregardedastransparent

B、isnolongerseenasdecoration

C、isusedtomakethingslookpleasant

D、iswidelyusedtoreplacesteelinmakingcontainers

標準答案：B

知識點解析：推理判斷題。本題考查倒裝句的理解。從文章第2句的開頭only

recently可知第1句和第2句是對比關系：現(xiàn)在的情況與以前不一樣了，因此B為

正確選項。選項A是對原文第2句話的曲解，雖然這句話中說到的玻璃現(xiàn)在被視

somethingtolookthrough,但是，這句話要強調(diào)的并不是到現(xiàn)在人們才發(fā)現(xiàn)玻璃

是透明的，而是要強調(diào)玻璃可以被用作工具，透過它去看別的東西。選項C中的

lookpleasant和選項D在文中都沒有提到。

22、WhydidAmericansmaketheirownglassduring(heSecondWorldWar?

A、Thewarblockedthewayofglassimport.

B、1heyrefusedtousetheEuropeanglass.

C、TheglassmadeinEuropewasoutofdate.

D、Theywereabletomakeanewkindofglass.

標準答案：A

知識點解析：推理判斷題。從第2段的第1、2句可以看出，二戰(zhàn)前美國從歐洲進

口玻璃，而戰(zhàn)時卻不能從歐洲進口玻璃，也就是說，進口玻璃的渠道應是被戰(zhàn)爭中

斷了，因此答案應為選項A。選項D是不能進口玻璃的結果，而不是原因。其余

兩項都沒有原文依據(jù)。

23,Bytellingthelegend,theauthorwantsto.

A、provethattheRomanwasthefirstinventorofhardglass

B、supportthattheAmericanswereascleverastheRomans

C>givesomeinterestinginformationabouthardglass

D、provideahistoricaleventconcernedwithhardglass

標準答案：C

知識點解析：推理判斷題。本題考查例子與主題的關系。作者引用傳說，只是為了

使文章讀起來更有趣。這是一個傳說，不一定是真實的，因此，它不能被視為選項

D所提及的歷史事件，也不能證明是羅馬人第一個發(fā)明堅固的玻璃，所以選項A

也是不對的°選項B與本段內(nèi)容無關，本段主要說明了美國人開發(fā)出新的玻璃制

品的來由，并無說明美國人聰明之意。

24>AllofthefollowingconcerningthesafetyglassarediscussedinthetextEXCEPT

A、itsuses

B>itsstrength

C、itsstructure

D^itslimitations

標準答案：D

知識點解析：推理判斷題。本題考食列舉處，用排除法可以找出答案。第3段中除

選項D外，選項A可從第1句推斷，選項B可從最后一句推斷，選項C可從第2

句推斷。

25、Newusesofglassarebeingdevelopedonthegroundthat.

A、glassisnotassaleasplastics

B、glassisnotasstronganddurableasplastics

C^glassiseasilyobtainableandinexpensive

D、glassismoreandmorewidelyused

標準答案：c

知識點解析：推理判斷題。本題解題的關鍵在于注意最后一段中的“therearenew

usesbeingdeveloped,fbr…”，這里表明了一對因果關系，for后面引出不斷研發(fā)玻

璃新用途的原因，由此可見，本題正確選項應為C,選項A和B中提到的玻璃的

缺點雖在現(xiàn)實中也是有可能的，但文中并無字句說明因為這些缺點向要不斷研發(fā)玻

璃的新用途。

TheEskimoshavedevelopedacapacitytolivepeacefullywithoneanother.Theyhave

nothadastrictsystemoflandownership,oneoftheuniversalcausesofconflict.They

haveevolvedasystemoffood-sharingamongfamiliesthatmakesthepreservationoflife

possible.Theabsolutenecessityofcreatingthissafeguardagainststarvationhas

strengthenedbondsbetweenneighbors.AlmosteverytravelerhasnotedtheEskimos'

friendlinessandgoodhumortowardstrangersandamongthemselves.Inacountrywhere

agricultureisimpossibletheyhavebeenforcedtospendtheirenergiesinfood-gathering

ratherthanwarfare.Ifonefamilydisagreedwithanother,theusualsolutionwasfor（hat

familyiopickupitsfewpossessionsandgoelsewhere.Inihevastunusedland,moving

presentedalmostnoproblem.Thepracticeofinfanticide,andsuicideamongtheold

people,seemstohavebeenafactorofsurvivalintimesoffoodscarcity.Thesizeofthe

familywascontrolledtosomeextentbytheabilityofthefatherasahunterandbythe

abundanceofgame（獵物）inthearea.Marriagewasaveryseriousandlifelongbond

amongEskimos;inordertochooseapermanentandcompatiblemateanumberoftrial

marriageswerepermitted,eachlastingperhapshalfayear.Duringthetrialperioda

coupleusuallylivedwiththegirl'sparentsandtheyoungmanhuntedexclusivelyforhis

futurefather-in-law.Ifachildwasbornasaresultofanunsuccessfultrialmarriageit

wasadoptedbyrelativesorfriends.Childrenareoftengivenoutforadoptioninthe

Eskimossocietyandarceagerlyadoptedbyotherfamilies,fortheEskimos'campand

nomad（游牧民族的）grouprepresentakindofextendedfamily.Polygamy（一夫多妻

制）wasoccasionallypracticedbythemostsuccessfulhunters,butusuallytoprotecta

widoworagirlwhohadlostherfather.

26、TheEskimoslivepeacefullywithoneanotherbecauseof.

A^theirsystemoflandownership

B、theirsystemoffood-sharing

C、thedevelopmentofagriculture

D^theirloveformoving

標準答案：B

知識點解析：事實細節(jié)題。本題可用排除法找出答案。選項A與第1段第2句相

悖：選項C與該段倒數(shù)第3句不符；選項D歪曲了原文：最后兩句提到愛斯基摩

人為避免矛盾會遷居異處，但這并不表明他們常常愛搬家。選項B可從第3句找

到。

27、Theauthor'sattitudetoinfanticidecanbebestdescribedas.

A^critical

B、horrified

C、understanding

D、favorable

標準答案：C

知識點解析：觀點態(tài)度題。第2段第1句表明作者認為殺嬰是為了生存，而句中的

seemto表明了作者對殺嬰沒有過激的反應，所以應是選項C（理解的）。文中沒有使

用任何反面的字眼表示選項A（批評的）或選項B（毛骨悚然的），但也沒有熱情洋溢

的字眼表示選項D（贊成的）。

28、WhichofthefollowingistrueofanEskimofamily?

A、Themoresuccessfulahunterwas,thebiggerhisfamilywouldbe.

B、Themoresuccessfulahunterwas,themorewiveshewouldmarry.

C^Themoresuccessfulahunterwas,themoreprobablehewouldmarryawidow.

D、Themoresuccessfulahunterwas,themoreprobablehiswifewasafatherlessgirl.

標準答案：A

知識點解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第2段最后一句可推斷選項A合乎原文。選項

B、C、D考查的都是對本段最后一句話的理解，但都是對原文的曲解。

29、ItcanbeinferredabouttheEskimomarriagethat.

A、trialmarriagewaspermittedonlyonceinone'slifetime

BNyoungcoupleslivedbythemselvesduringthetrialperiod

C、childrenoutoftrialmarriagewouldbegiventoothers

D、divorcewasnotacceptedbytheEskimos

標準答案：D

知識點解析：事實細節(jié)題。最后一段第一句說婚姻是lifelong,由此可推斷愛斯基

摩人對離婚持否定態(tài)度。選項A與該段第1句中的anumberoftrialmarriageswere

peimitted不符；選項B與該段第2句不符；選項C與第3句不符，文中指出如果

試婚失?。╝nunsuccessfultrialmarriage）,試婚期間所生的小孩會由別人收養(yǎng)，并不

如選項C中所述所有試婚期間所生的小孩都會送由別人收養(yǎng)。

30、Itisimpliedbytheauthorthat.

A、theEskimofathersplaytheroleofbreadwinner

B、theEskimochildrenarenotcherishedbytheirparents

C、whentheEskimosgrowold,theyusuallykillthemselves

D、theEskimoswillretaintheirwayoflife

標準答案：A

知識點解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第2段第2句可推斷出選項A。文章提到愛斯基摩

人會殺死嬰兒，老人也會自殺，小孩通常送給他人收養(yǎng)，但這些都是在食物匱乏時

出于生存的需要，所以選項B和C不對。文章談到了愛斯基摩人的性格特點以及

過去的一些風俗，但沒有提及是否會繼續(xù)這樣生活下去，因此可排除選項D。

大學英語四級改革適用（閱讀）模擬試

卷第2套

一、詞匯理解（本題共10題，每題1.0分，共10分。）

Unlessmeasuresaretakenatonce,thereisapossibilitythatalltheoceansoftheworld

willbedeadbythenextcentury.Howcanthispossiblyhappen?Wehavealreadyseen

thatpeople[Cl]allkindsofwasteproductstobethrownintotheseaItis

almost[C2]tomeasurehowmuchindustrialwasteendsupinouroceans,but

wccan[C3]howmuchoilispouredintothemaccordingtothelawandagainst

thelaw.Itisagainstthelawtopouroilintothesea[C4]totheshore,butwhen

ashipismanymilesouttotheseatherearenosuch[C5].Estimateofthe

amountofoilpouredinEuropeanWaters[C6]isabout200,000tonsevery

year.Somepeoplesaythe[C7]couldbetentimesashigharoundtheworld.It

isnotonlyour[C8]thatsufferfromoilpollution.Amongotherthings,many

fishnowcontainveryhighamountsof[C9]substances.Nexttimeyouhavefish

tocat,howcanyoubesurethattheyarcfreefromoilpollution?Youcannotsecthe

[CIO]andyoucannottastethem,either.Itisreallyquiteaproblem.Nearlyall

ofthecountriesaretryinghardtopreventandcontroloilpollution.Wehopethattheday

willsooncomewhenfishwillbefreefromoilpollution.A.limitationsB.seashoresC.

allowD.invadeE.closeF.poisonousG.afterwardsH.agendaI.editJ.figureK.

impossibleL.aloneM.effectsN.calculateO.extensive

1、[Cl]

標準答案：C

知識點解析：此處應為及物動詞充當謂語成分。根據(jù)上下文的意思“人們各

種各樣的廢物被扔進大?！?，只有allow（允許）最合適。

2、[C2]

標準答案：K

知識點解析：此處應為形容詞，可與io搭配，與is構成本句謂語。上一句提到的

扔進大海的廢物是allkinds,因此可推斷tomeasurehowmuch是很難或不可能的，

詞庫中只有impossible最合適。

3、[C3]

標準答案：N

知識點解析：此處應為動詞原形。根據(jù)but一詞表示的轉折關系，可以推斷空白處

的動詞應與前面分句中的measure一詞近義，因此答案為calculaie。

4、[C4]

標準答案：E

知識點解析：此處應為形容詞，與I。theshore構成thesea的后置定語。根據(jù)本句

中but引出的轉折分句及其中的manymilesouttothesea,可以推斷空白處與其意

思相反，因此答案為close。

5、[C5]

標準答案:A

知識點解析：此處應為名詞。比較該分句與前一分句的內(nèi)容，可以推斷空白處的單

詞應與前面分旬中的【helaw意思相近，因此limitations為正確答案。

6、[C6]

標準答案：L

知識點解析：此處應為副詞。根據(jù)上下文，該副詞應涉及傾倒廢油的范圍，因此答

案為alone。

7、[C7]

標準答案：J

知識點解析：此處應為名詞。聯(lián)系上一句提到歐洲水域石油的傾泄量及本句中的

tentimesashigharoundtheworld,可以推斷figure最合適。

8、[C8]

標準答案：B

知識點解析：此處應為名詞。本句是對上一段的總結，起到承上啟下的作用。因此

seashores是本題答案。

9、[C9]

標準答案：F

知識點解析：此處應為形容詞。聯(lián)系下一句的oilpollution,可以推斷該形容詞應

表示消極意義。因此答案為poisonous。

10、[CIO]

標準答案：M

知識點解析：此處應為名詞。上下文提到我們不能知道魚是否有毒，我們既無從知

道吃這種魚的后果，也不能去吃這種魚以確定它是否有毒，由此可見，effects最合

適。

二、長篇閱讀（本題共10題，每題1.0分，共10分。）

HowAdvcrliscinunlIsDune?A）Whcnwcchooseawordwcdumureihungive

information;wealsoexpressourfeelingsaboutwhateverwe'redescribing.Wordspoint

tofactsbutoftenlinkthesetoattitudesatthesametime;theycanalsoaffectthebeliefs

andattitudesofotherpeople.Thesetworemarksareinuchthesame-orarethey?What's

thespeaker'sfeelingtowardsthesamedogineachcase?Andhowwouldthedifferent

descriptionsaffectthelisteners?Herecomesthatpet.Herecomesthatdog.Thefactthat

wordscanwOrklikethisisimportantandvaluable,foritaddsarichnesstoour

communicationwithoneanother.Advertisersmakeuseofitinanumberofways.B)Thc

manufacturerneedsanamethatwilldomorethanjustlabel:hewantsanamethatbrings

suitableassociationsaswell-theideasthatthewordbringstothemindwillhelpsellthe

product.Ifallwereavailablealthesameprice,whichcoatorsuitwouldyouchoosefrom

thisrangeofshades-DarkTan,Brown,MudBrown?Whichoftheseshadesofeye-

show一BlackDiamond,Black,Coaldust?C)Becausewordshavetheseassociations,the

advertiserisverycarefulaboutthewayhedescribeshisproductandwhatitwilldo.

Almosteveryadvertisementhascertainkeywords(sometimes,butnotalways,inboldor

largeletters,orbeginningwithacapitallcttcr)thatarcintendedtobepersuasive,whileat

thesametimeappearingtobeinformative.It'sdifficultenoughsimplytodescribewhata

thingisandhowinwords,especiallyinafewwords,butthewriterswhowriteforthe

advertisementsalsotryloincludefeelings,associationsandattitudes.Somewordsseem

tohavebeensosuccessfulinsellingthattheadvertisersusethemalmostasiftheywere

magickeytoacertainsale.Howoften,forinstance,haveyoucomeacrosstheword

"golden"inadvertisements?D)Onethingremindsusofanother—especiallyifweoften

secthemtogether.Thesercmindcrs(callcd"associations")arcsometimesmoreimaginary

thanreal:formanypeoplearobinsuggestsChristmas,forotherssilvercandlesticks

suggestwealthThetricksoftheadvertisingbusinesswehavesofardescribedareall

examplesoftheadvertiserencouragingustoassociateproductswiththosethingshe

thinkswereallywant—agoodjob,niceclothes,asportcar,abeautifulgirlfriend—

perhapsmostofallafeelingofimportance.The"image"ofaproductisbasedonthese

associations,andtheadvertiseroftencreatesa"goodimage"byshowingussomeone

whouseshisproductandwholeadsthekindoflifeweshouldliketolead.Webuynot

justtheproductbutthesenseofimportancethatgoeswithitWcdrinkCoca-Colanotjust

forthetaste,butbecausewewouldliketobethoughtofasbeingasgayastheenergetic

peoplewhodrinkitintheads.E)Inthisageofmoonflights,hearttransplantsandwonder

drugs,weareallimpressedbyscience.Ifanadvertiserlinkshisclaimwithascientific

fact,thereisevenachancewecanbeblindedbyscience.Thequestionissimplywhether

theimpressiveairofthenewdiscoveryorthe"man-mademiracle"isbeingusedtohelp

orjusttodeceivens.Anothermethodofpersuasionistocallupguiltyfeelings,for

exampletoimplythatanymotherwhoreallylovesherchildrenusesacertainproduct.If

Mrs.Graydoesnotuseit.shemightstarttothinkofherselfasabadmotherwhodoes

notloveherfamily.Soshemightgoandbuythatparticularproduct,ratherthangoon

feelingguilty.F)Someproductsareadvertisedashavingaremarkableandimmediate

effect.Weareshownthesituationbeforeusingtheproductandthisiscontrastedwiththe

situationthatfollowsitsuse.Haveyounoticedanythingabouttheseadvertisements?

Takingatabletforaheadacheinsuchadvertisementscanhavetrulyremarkableresults.

Fornotonlyhastheheadachegone,thepersonconcernedhasoftenhadanewhair-do,

requiredanewsetofclothesandsometimesevenmovedintoamoremodern,better

furnishedhouse.Whatsplendidvalueforafewpence!G)Weareoftenencouragedto

believenowadaysthat,becausesomeonehasbeensuccessfulinonefield,heshouldbe

regardedasanauthorityinotherfields.Howtrueisthislikelytobe?Theadvertiser

knowsthattherearecertainpeoplewhomweadmirebecausetheyarefamou