目錄（考試時間：40分鐘試卷滿分：50分）閱讀A選題理由：人與社會--探索絲綢之路2025·河南省三門峽市高三期末閱讀B選題理由：人與自我改變對完美主義態(tài)度的成長2025·山東菏澤市高三期末統(tǒng)考故事閱讀C選題理由：人與社會人的創(chuàng)造力的研究2025·江蘇省蘇州市高三學(xué)業(yè)質(zhì)量陽光指標(biāo)調(diào)研閱讀D選題理由：人與社會科普科研2025·山西省晉城市高三期末閱讀七選五在面對挑戰(zhàn)時可以提供幫助2025·貴州省畢節(jié)市高三一模的一些方法A（2025·河南省三門峽市高三期末）4in4Therearecountlessextraordinaryplacestoexploreandthese4choicesrepresentonlyahandfulofhighlights.Damascusisoneoftheoldestcontinuouslyinhabitedcitiesintheworld,whosecraftindustrywasfamedforitsdecoratedswords.WhileDamasksilkoriginatedinChina,ittakesitsnamefromthetradingcityofDamascus.OneofthemostarrestingsightsistheGreatMosqueofDamascus.AfterthestartoftheSyriancivilwar,the1/24ancientcityofDamascuswasaddedtoUNESCO’slistofworldheritageindangerin2013.Merv,anancientcityandUNESCOHeritageSite,hasbeenhometohumansettlementssincethebronzeage.ItwasalsoonceoneofthemostimportantcitiesintheIslamicworld,attractingtraders,scholarsandtravelersfromdistantregions.itisconsideredoneoftheoldestandbest-preservedoasis-cities(綠洲城市)oncentralAsia’sSilkRoads.EasilyreachablebycarfromIslamabad,isaUNESCOworldheritagesite.SituatedataSilkRoadscrossroads,the“CityofCutStone”wasoneoftheancientcapitalsofGandhara,aterritorystretchingbetweentheOxusandIndusrivers.AmongthevastsitetodayisaMesolithiccaveandthecity’smuseum,whichishometoatleast2,000pricelessobjects.Dunhuangisanoasiscityinnorth-westChinathatishometothemagnificentMogaogrottoes,aUNESCOHeritagesite.ThewallpaintingstellanillustratedstoryoftheSilkRoadsfromthefourthtothe14thcenturies.Almost500caveshavebeenpreserved,housingcountlessmuralsandmorethan2,000paintedsculptures.Cave302fromtheSuidynastyperiodcontainsaparticularlyclassicSilkRoadsscene:atwo-humpedcamelpullingawagonwithamerchantinside.1．WheredidDamasksilkgetitsnamefrom?A．China.B．ThetradingcityofDamascus.C．TheGreatMosqueofDamascus.D．TheSyriancraftindustry.2．Whatcanweinferaboutfromthetext?A．ItwastheonlyancientcapitalofGandhara.B．ItisremotefromIslamabad.C．Ithasarichhistoryandculturalheritage.D．Itsmuseumhaslessthan2,000objects.3．Whatdothesefoursiteshaveincommon?2/24A．Theywereallknownassilktradingcenters.B．Theyareallcapitalsoftheirrespectivecountries.C．Theyareallfamousfortheirmodernarchitecture.D．TheyallhaveUNESCOHeritageSites.【答案】1．B2．C3．D【解析】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要講述了探索絲綢之路：從敘利亞到中國四個國家的四個令人驚嘆的遺址。1．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章OldCityofDamascus,Syria部分中“WhileDamasksilkoriginatedinChina,ittakesitsnamefromthetradingcityofDamascus.(雖然大馬士革綢起源于中國，但它的名字卻來源于貿(mào)易城市大馬士革)”可知，大馬士革綢名字來源于大馬士革這座貿(mào)易城市。故選B。2．推理判斷題。由文章Pakistan部分中“EasilyreachablebycarfromIslamabad,isaUNESCOworldheritagesite.SituatedataSilkRoadscrossroads,the“CityofCutStone”wasoneoftheancientcapitalsofGandhara,aterritorystretchingbetweentheOxusandIndusrivers.AmongthevastsitetodayisaMesolithiccaveandthecity’smuseum,whichishometoatleast2,000pricelessobjects.(塔克西拉距離伊斯蘭堡車程約一小時，“石刻之城”阿姆河與印度河之間）的古都之一。如今，這片廣闊的遺址上有一個中石器時代洞穴和城市博物館，后者珍藏著至少2000件無價之寶)”可知，塔克西拉具有豐富的歷史和文化遺產(chǎn)。故選C。3OldCityofDamascus,Syria部分中“OneofthemostarrestingsightsistheGreatMosqueofDamascus.AfterthestartoftheSyriancivilwar,theancientcityofDamascuswasaddedtoUNESCO’slistofworldheritageindangerin2013.(2013年被聯(lián)合國教科文組織列入《世界遺產(chǎn)名錄》中的瀕危遺產(chǎn)名錄)”、Merv,部分中“Merv,anancientcityandUNESCOHeritageSite,hasbeenhometohumansettlementssincethebronzeage.(梅爾夫是一座古城，也是聯(lián)合國教科文組織世界遺產(chǎn)地，自青銅時代起就有人類居住)”、Pakistan部分中“EasilyreachablebycarfromIslamabad,isaUNESCOworldheritagesite.(塔克西拉距離伊斯蘭堡車程約一小時，是聯(lián)合國教科文組織世界遺產(chǎn)地)”以及Dunhuang,China部分中“Dunhuangisanoasiscityinnorth-westChinathatishometothemagnificentMogaogrottoes,aUNESCOHeritagesite.(敦煌是中國西)”聯(lián)合國教科文組織的世界遺產(chǎn)地。故選D。3/24B（2025·山東菏澤市高三期末統(tǒng)考）WhenIwasgrowingup,mymomoftensaidthatnomatterwhatgradesIgotinschool,aslongasIdidmybest,she’dbeproudofme.Thensheadded,“Butifyoudidn’tgetanA,I’llknowyoudidn’tdoyourbest.”Shesaiditwithasmile,butItookitseriously:Ishouldn’tsettleforanythinglessthanperfect.MygreatestweaknessisthatI’mtoomuchofaperfectionist.Perfectionismisthedesiretobe100%perfect.Thegoaliszerofaultsandnofailures.Inanincreasinglycompetitiveworld,kidsfacegrowingpressurefromparentstobeperfectandseverecriticismwhentheyfallshort.Everyfaultisablowtotheirself-esteem(自尊).I’veliveditmyself.WhenIwonthefifth-gradequizbowlonworldexplorers,Ibeatmyselfupafterwardformissingonequestion.HowcouldIforgetthatthesearoutetoIndiawasdiscoveredbydaGama,butnotMagellan?WhenImadethefinalsofaMortalKombattournamentandwonalifetimepasstoalocalmovietheater,Ididn’tcelebrate.Thirdplaceisthesecondloser.WhenIwonthefirstprizeinamathtest,Iwasdisappointed.Onlya98?Notgoodenough.Therewasalwaysavoiceinthebackofmymindwhisperingthatitwasn’tenoughandthatIcouldhavedonebetter.ItwasduringmycollegeyearsthatIstartedtoquestionthevalueofthisperfectionism.Imetpeoplewhodidn’tseemtobeweigheddownbythesameexpectations,whoacceptedtheirmistakesandsawthemasopportunitiesforgrowthratherthanfailures.Theytaughtmethatitwasokaytobeimperfect,thatitwashumantomakemistakes,andthatsometimes,themostimportantlessonscomefromourfailures.4.Whatisparagraph1mainlyabout?A.Whytheauthorbecameaperfectionist.B.Thedisadvantageofbeingaperfectionist.C.Howtheauthorgotthegoodgradesinschool.D.Thefeelingofbeinggratefultotheauthor’smother.5.Whatmadetheauthorunsatisfiedwithwhathadbeenachieved?A.Blamefromparents.B.Desiretogetfirstprize.C.Eagernesstobeperfect.D.Pressureofcompetitions.6.Whatmadetheauthorchangetheattitudetowardsperfectionism?A.Losingexpectationtosucceed.B.Realizingtheharmofbeingperfect.C.Learninglessonsfromotherpeople’sfailure.D.Encounteringthoseacceptingimperfection.7.Whichcolumnofamagazinemaythetextbetakenfrom?4/24A.ParentingStyles.B.Coming-of-AgeStories.C.PeopleofAchievement.D.ChallengesFacing【答案】4.A5.C6.D7.B【解析】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者從小到大追求完美，到大學(xué)時期因遇到一些人而改變對完美主義態(tài)度的成長故事。4.主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“WhenIwasgrowingup,mymomoftensaidthatnomatterwhatgradesIgotinschool,aslongasIdidmybest,she’dbeproudofme.Thensheadded,“Butifyoudidn’tgetanA,I’llknowyoudidn’tdoyourbest.”Shesaiditwithasmile,butItookitseriously:Ishouldn’tsettleforanythinglessthanperfect.MygreatestweaknessisthatI’mtoomuchofaperfectionist.(A，我就知是過于追求完美)”可知，第一段主要講的是作者成為完美主義者的原因。故選A。5.Perfectionismisthedesiretobe100%perfect.Thegoaliszerofaultsandnofailures.(完美主義就是想要100%)”以及第三段“WhenIwonthefifth-gradequizbowlonworldexplorers,Ibeatmyselfupafterwardformissingonequestion.(當(dāng)我在五年級世界探險家競賽中獲勝時，我因?yàn)殄e過了一道題而自責(zé))”可知，渴望完美讓作者對已經(jīng)取得的成就不滿意。故選C。6.Imetpeoplewhodidn’tseemtobeweigheddownbythesameexpectations,whoacceptedtheirmistakesandsawthemasopportunitiesforgrowthratherthanfailures.Theytaughtmethatitwasokaytobeimperfect,thatitwashumantomakemistakes,andthatsometimes,themostimportantlessonscomefromourfailures.(我遇到了一些人，他們似乎沒有被同樣的期望所拖累，他們接受自己的錯誤，把它們視為成長的機(jī)會，而不是失敗。他們告訴我，不完美是可以接受的，犯錯誤是人之常情，有時候，最重要的教訓(xùn)來自于我們的失敗)”可知，遇到那些接受不完美的人讓作者改變了對完美主義的態(tài)度。故選D。7.MygreatestweaknessisthatI’mtoomuchofaperfectionist.(我最大的缺點(diǎn)是過于追求完美)”以及最后一段“ItwasduringmycollegeyearsthatIstartedtoquestionthevalueofthisperfectionism.(在大學(xué)期間，我開始質(zhì)疑這種完美主義的價值)”結(jié)合文章主要講述了作者從小到大追求完美，到大學(xué)時期因遇到一些人而改變對完美主義態(tài)度的成長故事。可知，這篇文章可能取自雜志的“成長故事”專欄。故選B。5/24C（2025·江蘇省蘇州市高三學(xué)業(yè)質(zhì)量陽光指標(biāo)調(diào)研）Haveyoueverwonderedwhycreativeindividualsseemtospotthingsthatothermiss?whetherit’saninventorwhofindsaninnovativesolutiontoafamiliarproblemoranartistwhoreinterpretsalandscapeinafreshway,manycreativepeoplehaveaspecialabilitytofindsignificanceeveninordinarythings.ThinkaboutIsaacNewton’sfamousinsightintogravity.Accordingtothestory,Newtonsawanapplefallfromatree―somethingmostpeoplemightviewasunimportant.inthisinstance,hesawtheapple’sfallassignificant,causinghimtothinkaboutitmoredeeply.Entertainingthepotentialimportanceofthisseeminglyirrelevantoccurrenceledtoabreakthroughconnection:thatthesameforcecausingtheappletofallalsoinfluencescelestialbodiesliketheMoon.Inthisexample,thecreativeindividual’sbrainflagsunusualor‘irrelevant’informationassignificant,stimulatingthemtoexploreitfurther.Thisexplorationallowsthemtoconsiderremoteideasandassociationsthatothersoverlook,increasingthepossibilityofacreativeinsight.Asimilarprocesslikelyunfoldsinartisticcontexts,suchaswhenapainter,musicianorfilmmakerseesaseeminglyirrelevantdetailasmeaningful.Forinstance,anartistmayfindthemselvescaptivatedbytheshadowcastbyanobject,findingitmoreinterestingthantheobjectitself.Thismightinspireaseriesofworksexploringthehiddenbeautyofshadows.Theuniquenessofcreativeindividualsliesintheirabilitytoperceiveandprioritiseinformationindistinctiveways,welcomingtheunconventionalandunexpected,whichhelpsthemthinkoutsidetheboxandcomeupwithoriginalideas.8．WhydoestheauthormentionNewton’sstoryinthesecondparagraph?A．entertainthereaders.B．suspenddisbelief.C．supportaviewpoint.D．explainatheory.9．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“captivated”inthethirdparagraphprobablymean?A．B．Misled.C．Attracted.D．10．Whatiskeytoboostingcreativityaccordingtothepassage?A．Removingirrelevantinformation.B．Perceivingwhatotherpeopleignore.C．Givingprioritytounimportantdetails.D．Spottingthemostobviousinformation.11．Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?A．Whatisunconventionalandunexpectedguaranteesoriginalideas6/24B．Ordinarypeopletendtooverlookrelevantandimportantinformation.C．WhatseemsirrelevantsometimesislikelytobringaboutcreativeinsightD．Creativeindividualsarebornwiththeabilitytospotsignificanceinthings.【答案】8．C9．C10．B11．C【解析】這是一篇說明文，闡述了有創(chuàng)造力的人能發(fā)現(xiàn)別人忽視的事物，他們的大腦會將不尋?；颉安幌嚓P(guān)”的信息標(biāo)記為重要，從而刺激他們進(jìn)一步探索，進(jìn)而產(chǎn)生創(chuàng)造性的見解。8．推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段提出觀點(diǎn)“creativeindividualsseemtospotthingsthatothermiss(有創(chuàng)造力的人似乎能發(fā)現(xiàn)別人錯過的東西)”、第二段“ThinkaboutIsaacNewton’sfamousinsightintogravity.Accordingtothestory,Newtonsawanapplefallfromatree―somethingmostpeoplemightviewasunimportant.inthisinstance,hesawtheapple’sfallassignificant,causinghimtothinkaboutitmoredeeply.Entertainingthepotentialimportanceofthisseeminglyirrelevantoccurrenceledtoabreakthroughconnection:thatthesameforcecausingtheappletofallalsoinfluencescelestialbodiesliketheMoon(想一想艾薩克·牛頓關(guān)于引力的著名見解。據(jù)這個故事說，牛頓看到一顆蘋果從樹上落下——這是大多數(shù)人可能認(rèn)為不重要的事情。然而，在這個例子中，)”“有創(chuàng)造力的人似乎能發(fā)現(xiàn)別人錯過的東西”，第二段講述牛頓看到蘋果落地這個大多數(shù)人認(rèn)為不重要的事卻深入思考得出重力的理論，是為了支持第一段提出的觀點(diǎn)，故選C項(xiàng)。9．詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第三段“anartistmayfindthemselvescaptivatedbytheshadowcastbyanobject,findingitmoreinterestingthantheobjectitself.(一位藝術(shù)家可能會發(fā)現(xiàn)自己被一個物體投下的陰影所captivated比物體本身更有趣)”被陰影所吸引，所以captivated的意思是“吸引”，故選C項(xiàng)。10“creativeindividualsseemtospotthingsthatothermiss(有創(chuàng)造力的人似乎能發(fā)現(xiàn)別人錯過的東西)”以及第三段“Theuniquenessofcreativeindividualsliesintheirabilitytoperceiveandprioritiseinformationindistinctiveways,welcomingtheunconventionalandunexpected,whichhelpsthemthinkoutsidetheboxandcomeupwithoriginalideas(有創(chuàng)造力的人的獨(dú)特之處在于他們能夠以獨(dú)特的方式感知和)”的關(guān)鍵是感知別人忽視的東西。故選B項(xiàng)。11．推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段“ThinkaboutIsaacNewton’sfamousinsightintogravity.Accordingtothe7/24story,Newtonsawanapplefallfromatree―somethingmostpeoplemightviewasunimportant.inthisinstance,hesawtheapple'sfallassignificant,causinghimtothinkaboutitmoredeeply.Entertainingthepotentialimportanceofthisseeminglyirrelevantoccurrenceledtoabreakthroughconnection:thatthesameforcecausingtheappletofallalsoinfluencescelestialbodiesliketheMoon(想一想艾薩克·牛頓關(guān)于引力的著名見解。據(jù)這個故事說，牛頓看到一顆蘋果從樹上落下——這是大多數(shù)人可能認(rèn)為不重要的事情。然而，在這個例子中，)”看起來不相關(guān)的事件中得到重力的突破。再根據(jù)第三段“Thisexplorationallowsthemtoconsiderremoteideasandassociationsthatothersoverlook,increasingthepossibilityofacreativeinsight.Asimilarprocesslikelyunfoldsinartisticcontexts,suchaswhenapainter,musicianorfilmmakerseesaseeminglyirrelevantdetailasmeaningful(這種探索使他們能夠思考別人忽視的遙遠(yuǎn)想法和聯(lián)系，增加了獲得創(chuàng)造性見解的可能性。在藝術(shù)情境中，可能也會展開類似的過程，例如，當(dāng)畫家、音樂家或電影制作人認(rèn)為一個看似不相關(guān)的細(xì)節(jié)是有意義的時候)”見解的可能性?？赏评沓鲇袝r看似不相關(guān)的事物有可能帶來創(chuàng)造性的見解。故選C項(xiàng)。D（2025·山西省晉城市高三期末）Haveyoueverwonderedwhatchickensaretalkingabout?Chickensarequitethecommunicators—theirclucks,squawksandpurrsarenotjustrandomsoundsbutacomplexlanguagesystem.Thesesoundsaretheirwayofinteractingwiththeworldandexpressingjoy,fear,andsocialconnectiontooneanother.Likehumans,the“l(fā)anguage”ofchickensvarieswithage,environment,andsurprisingly,domestication(馴化),givingusinsightsintotheirsocialstructuresandbehaviours.Understandingthesesoundscantransformourapproachtopoultry(家禽)farming,enhancingchickenwelfareandqualityoflife.OurresearchatDalhousieUniversityappliesartificialintelligence(AI)todecodethelanguageofchickens.It’saprojectthatissettorevolutionizeourunderstandingofthesefeatheredcreaturesandtheircommunicationmethods,offeringawindowintotheirworldthatwaspreviouslyclosedtous.TheuseofAIandmachinelearningislikehavingauniversaltranslatorforchickenspeech.AIcananalyzevastamountsofaudiodata.Ouralgorithms(算法)arelearningtorecognizepatternsandtinydifferencesinchickensounds.Thisisn’tasimpletask—chickenshavearangeofsoundsthatvaryinpitch,tone,andcontext.Butbyusingadvanceddataanalysis8/24techniques,we’rebeginningtocracktheircode.Thisbreakthroughinanimalcommunicationisnotjustascientificachievement;it’sasteptowardsmorehumaneandempathetictreatmentoffarmanimals.Oneofthemostexcitingaspectsofthisresearchisunderstandingtheemotionalcontentbehindthesesounds.Aretheystressed?Aretheycontent?Byunderstandingtheiremotionalstate,wecanmakemoreinformeddecisionsabouttheircareandenvironment.Thisprojectisn’tjustaboutacademiccuriosity;ithasreal-worldimplications.notonlyunlockingthesecretsofavian(鳥類的)communicationbutalsosettingnewstandardsforanimalwelfare.12．Whatcanbelearnedaboutchickens?A．Theylackemotions.B．Theybehaverandomly.C．Theyarecommunicative.D．Theytalkoddly.13．Whatbenefitwillchickensgetfromtheproject?A．Bettercare.B．Fastergrowthrates.C．Betterfoodquality.D．Enhancedsocialskills.14．Whatisahighlightoftheresearch?A．Revealingchickens’behaviours.B．Understandingchickens’emotions.C．Analyzingchickens’livingenvironment.D．Discoveringadvancedfeedingmethods.15．Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A．EnhancinganimalwelfarebyAI.B．Thesecretofchickens’life.C．Unlockingchickens’languagebyAI.D．Thefutureofpoultryfarming.【答案】12．C13．A14．B15．C【解析】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要講述了達(dá)爾豪西大學(xué)的研究人員利用人工智能解碼雞的語言，這一突破不僅是一項(xiàng)科學(xué)成就，更是朝著更人道、更有同理心地對待農(nóng)場動物邁出的一步。12．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Chickensarequitethecommunicators—theirclucks,squawksandpurrsarenotjustrandomsoundsbutacomplexlanguagesystem.(雞是非常善于交流的動物——它們的咯咯聲、尖叫聲和咕嚕聲不僅僅是隨機(jī)的聲音，而是一個復(fù)雜的語言系統(tǒng)。)”可知，雞是非常善于交流的。故選C。13．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“Understandingthesesoundscantransformourapproachtopoultry(家禽)farming,enhancingchickenwelfareandqualityoflife.(和生活質(zhì)量。)”和第三段“Thisbreakthroughinanimalcommunicationisnotjustascientificachievement;it’sa9/24steptowardsmorehumaneandempathetictreatmentoffarmanimals.(這一在動物交流方面的突破不僅僅是一項(xiàng))”好的照顧。故選A。14．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“Oneofthemostexcitingaspectsofthisresearchisunderstandingtheemotionalcontentbehindthesesounds.()”研究的亮點(diǎn)是理解雞的情感。故選B。15“OurresearchatDalhousieUniversityappliesartificialintelligence(AI)todecodethelanguageofchickens.It’saprojectthatissettorevolutionizeourunderstandingofthesefeatheredcreaturesandtheircommunicationmethods,offeringawindowintotheirworldthatwaspreviouslyclosedtous.(我們在達(dá)爾豪西大學(xué)的研究利用人工智能解碼雞的語言。這個項(xiàng)目將徹底改變我們對這些有羽毛的生物及其交流方式的理解，為我們打開了一扇通往它們世界的窗戶，而這扇窗戶以前對我們來說是關(guān)閉的。)”可知，本文主要講的是達(dá)爾豪西大學(xué)的研究人員利用人工智能解碼雞的語言。故選C。5（2025·貴州省畢節(jié)市高三一模）Lifethrowschallengingsituationsonourwayfromtimetotime.Perseveringthroughchallengescanbedifficultandwilltestourstrengthandresilience(復(fù)原力).Thankfully,therearewaystohelpusmakeiteasier!16Itwillmakeuslosecontrolofouremotions,leadingtopoordecision-making.Whenchallengesarise,itishelpfultotakeastepback,observethesituationwithoutlettingemotionscontrolus,andthenact.Oncewearecalm,wecanbetteranalyzethesituationandcarryoutaplanofaction.isWhenlifegetschallenging,itisoftenbeyondourcontrol.Inthiscase,whatweshoulddoistoacceptthesituationanddowhateverisinourcontroltogrowfromit.17That’stosay,weneedlearnfromthesituationandforgiveourselves.Onceweareabletoacceptthesituationandletgo,wewillbeabletomoveforwardandthinkclearlyaboutthenextsteps.18Whenwearefacedwithstressfulsituations,itiscommontothinktheworstscenario(設(shè)想)willhappen.Itcanbedifficultforustotakeastepbackandrecognizethatthingswillnotbethiswayforever.Instead,keepingabalancedattitudecanhelpustochangeourmindset.1910/24Seekingsupport,whetheritisfromafriend,familymember,oraprofessional,isneverasignofweakness.20Itcanprovideemotionalsupportandanewperspectiveonthesituation.Mostimportantly,itcanhelpusbrainstormpossiblesolutions,sothatwecanfacethechallengebetter.A．Adoptabalancedattitude.B．Focusonthepositiveaspects.C．Itisimportanttoacknowledgemistakes.D．Acceptancealsoincludesacceptingourselves.E．tosomeoneforhelphasmanybenefits.F．Whenchallengingeventshappen,wemayfeelpanic.G．Itcanalsohelpusaddressnegativethoughtsandchallenges.【答案】16．F17．D18．A19．G20．E【解析】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了在面對挑戰(zhàn)時可以提供幫助的一些方法。16．上文toremaincalm.(盡量保持冷靜)”說明本段介紹面對挑戰(zhàn)時要保持冷靜，以及下文“Itwillmakeuslosecontrolofouremotions,leadingtopoordecision-making.()”說明空處介紹的情況會導(dǎo)致我們失去對情緒的控制，F(xiàn)項(xiàng)“當(dāng)挑戰(zhàn)性事件發(fā)生時，我們可能會感到恐慌?！币鱿挛牡暮蠊c保持冷靜形成對比。故選F。17．上文“Acceptwhatishappening.(接受正在發(fā)生的事情)”以及“Whenlifegetschallenging,itisoftenbeyondourcontrol.Inthiscase,whatweshoulddoistoacceptthesituationanddowhateverisinourcontroltogrowfromit.(當(dāng)生活變得充滿挑戰(zhàn)時，它往往超出了我們的控制范圍。在這種情況下，我們應(yīng)該做的就是接受這種情況，并盡我們所能從中成長)”說明本段強(qiáng)調(diào)接受當(dāng)下的重要性，下文“That’stosay,weneedlearnfromthesituationandforgiveourselves.()”說明我們要原諒自己，D項(xiàng)“接受也包括接受自己?！背薪由衔?，并引出下文，進(jìn)一步補(bǔ)充說明接受的范圍，符合題意。故選D。18．下文“Whenwearefacedwithstressfulsituations,itiscommontothinktheworstscenario(設(shè)想)willhappen.Itcanbedifficultforustotakeastepbackandrecognizethatthingswillnotbethiswayforever.Instead,keepingabalancedattitudecanhelpustochangeourmindset.(當(dāng)我們面臨壓力時，通常會認(rèn)為最糟糕的設(shè)想會發(fā)生。我)”說明要保持平衡態(tài)度的重要性。A項(xiàng)“采取平衡的態(tài)度?！迸c本段中心吻合，適合作為段落主題句。故選A。11/2419．上文“Instead,keepingabalancedattitudecanhelpustochangeourmindset.(相反，保持平衡的態(tài)度可以幫助我們改變心態(tài))”說明保持平衡態(tài)度的作用，G項(xiàng)“它還可以幫助我們應(yīng)對負(fù)面想法和挑戰(zhàn)?！迸c上文并列，繼續(xù)說明保持平衡態(tài)度的益處，符合題意。故選G。20．根據(jù)上文“Seekingsupport,whetheritisfromafriend,familymember,oraprofessional,isneverasignofweakness.(尋求支持，無論是來自朋友、家人還是專業(yè)人士，從來都不是軟弱的表現(xiàn))”和下文“Itcanprovideemotionalsupportandanewperspectiveonthesituation.Mostimportantly,itcanhelpusbrainstormpossiblesolutions,sothatwecanfacethechallengebetter.(它可以提供情感支持和對情況的新視角。最重要的是，它可以幫助我們集思廣益，找到可能的解決方案，以便我們更好地應(yīng)對挑戰(zhàn))”可知，向他人救助有很多好處，E項(xiàng)“向他人求助有很多好處”承上啟下，符合題意。故選E。目錄（考試時間：40分鐘試卷滿分：50分）閱讀A選題理由：人與社會四位著名女科學(xué)家2025·山東菏澤市高三期末統(tǒng)考閱讀B38歲的麥金太爾和丈夫建立2025·山東省青島市嶗山區(qū)青島第了名為RIP醫(yī)療債務(wù)的組織，來幫助那些無力支付二中學(xué)高三期末醫(yī)療債務(wù)的人閱讀C選題理由：人與自我學(xué)生閱讀量較少這一現(xiàn)象及2025·江西省贛州市高三期末其對學(xué)生的影響閱讀D選題理由：人與社會科學(xué)研究報告2025·遼寧省大連市高三雙基閱讀七選五如何通過培養(yǎng)興趣愛好讓生2025·安徽黃山市期末質(zhì)量檢測活更幸福、更健康12/24A（2025·山東菏澤市高三期末統(tǒng)考）KatherineJohnsongraduatedfromcollege—withhonors—atthesameagemostpeoplegraduatedfromhighschool.ShelaterappliedtoaprogramattheNationalAdvisoryCommitteeforAeronauticsandearnedaspotasoneoftheagency’shumancomputers.OneofKatherine’smostimportantjobswascalculatingthepathofthefirstAmericanmannedspaceflightin1961andtheApollomoonlandingin1969.WhileNASAbeganusingcomputersforthetaskin1962,astronautJohnGlennrefusedtogointoflightuntilKatherinecheckedthecomputer’scalculationsbyhand.WhenCeciliaPayne-GaposchkinbecamethefirstwomantoreceiveaPhDfromHarvard’sRadeliffeCollege,nooneknewhowmuchherdoctoralpaperwouldchangetheworldofscience.Herconclusionthatstarsarecomposedmainlyofhydrogenandhelium(氦)contradictedthemaintheoryofthetime,andsomeoftheday’sleadingscientistsopenlyquestionedherfindings.Itwouldtakemorethanadecadeforanotherscientisttoreachthesameconclusion.LiseMeitnerisoneofonlytwowomentohaveanelementnamedinherhonor—theelementwiththeatomicnumber109iscalledmeitnerium.ShewasthefirstphysicsprofessorinGermanyandthefirstscientisttoincludetheterm“nuclearfission(裂變)”inapublishedpaper.Duringhercareer,shediscoveredwhatcausestheAugerexplainedhownuclearfissionworks,anduncoveredtheelementprotactinium(鏷).GraceHopperwasknownforherpioneeringworkinthedevelopmentofcomputerprogramminglanguages.ShebeganhercareerincomputingandworkedontheHarvardMarkIcomputerprogram.Later,shecreatedthefirstprogramthattranslatedcodeintomachinelanguage,andalsodevelopedtheCOBOL(CommonBusiness-OrientedLanguage)programminglanguage.1.WhatwasoneofKatherineJohnson’ssignificantcontributions?A.SheearnedaPhDfromHarvard.B.Shedevelopedaprogramminglanguage.13/24C.Sheexplainedhownuclearfissionworks.D.Shecalculatedthepathformajorspacemissions.2.Whoseconclusionaboutstarsfacedoppositionfromleadingscientists?A.KatherineJohnson’s.B.CeciliaPayne-Gaposchkin’s.C.LiseMeitner’s.D.GraceHopper’s.3.WhatdoLiseMeitnerandGraceHopperhaveincommon?A.TheygraduatedfromHarvard.B.Theydiscoverednewelements.C.Theyworkedonsomethingaboutcomputers.D.Theywerebothpioneersintheirownfield.【答案】1.D2.B3.D【解析】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。主要介紹了四位著名女科學(xué)家。1.D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“OneofKatherine’smostimportantjobswascalculatingthepathofthefirstAmericanmannedspaceflightin1961andtheApollomoonlandingin1969.(凱瑟琳最重要的工作之一是計(jì)算1961年美國首次載人航天飛行和1969年阿波羅登月的路徑)”可知，凱瑟琳·約翰遜的重要貢獻(xiàn)之一是為重要的太空任務(wù)計(jì)算飛行路徑，故選D。2.B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)CeciliaPayne-Gaposchkin部分中“Herconclusionthatstarsarecomposedmainlyofhydrogenandhelium(氦)contradictedthemaintheoryofthetime,andsomeoftheday’sleadingscientistsopenlyquestionedherfindings.(她關(guān)于恒星主要由氫和氦組成的結(jié)論與當(dāng)時的主流理論相矛盾，一些當(dāng)時的頂尖科學(xué)家公開質(zhì)疑她的發(fā)現(xiàn))”可知，CeciliaPayne-Gaposchkin關(guān)于恒星的結(jié)論遭到了頂尖科學(xué)家的反對。故選B。3.D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“ShewasthefirstphysicsprofessorinGermanyandthefirstscientisttoincludetheterm“nuclearfission(裂變)”inapublishedpaper.(她是德國第一位物理學(xué)教授，也是第一位在發(fā)表的論文中使用“核裂變”一詞的科學(xué)家)”以及最后一段“GraceHopperwasknownforherpioneeringworkinthedevelopmentofcomputerprogramminglanguages.(格蕾絲·霍珀因其在計(jì)算機(jī)編程語言開發(fā)方面的開創(chuàng)性工作而聞名)”可知，莉莎·邁特納和格蕾絲·霍珀的共同之處是在各自領(lǐng)域都是先驅(qū)，故選D。B（2025·山東省青島市嶗山區(qū)青島第二中學(xué)高三期末）Ms.McIntyre,38,workedasapublisher.Shesufferedbraincancerandherhealthgotworsedespitesomemedicaltreatment.Butsherealizedthatinaway,shewasluckierthansomeotherpeople.Shehadinsurancetohelppayforhermedicalcare.ButMs.McIntyreandherhusband,Mr.Gregory,knewthatmanypeoplewithcancer14/24facetoughdecisionsbecauseofthecostsofmedicalcareandwindupowingfarmorethantheycanpay.Thoughherhealthwasfailing,Ms.McIntyredecidedtohelppaythemedicaldebtsofasmanypeopleasshepossiblycould.ThecouplebegandonatingmoneytoagroupcalledRIPMedicalDebt,whichiscommittedtoworkingtopaytheunpaidmedicaldebtsofothers.Thegroupcanpaymedicalbillsforabout100timeslessmoneythantheycost.Inotherwords,forevery100donated,thegroupcanpay10,000inunpaidmedicalbills.Unfortunately,Ms.McIntyrepassedawaybeforelong.Mr.GregorypostedamessageforMs.McIntyreonhersocialmediaaccounts.“Ifyou’rereadingthis,Ihavepassedaway,”thepostbegan.Thenthepostexplained,celebratemylife,I’vearrangedtobuyupothers’medicaldebtsandthendestroythedebts.”Thecouplehadsetupapageonawebsitetoraisemoneyforthispurpose.Theyhadhopedtoraiseabout$20,000.Nevertheless,Ms.McIntyre’slastpostattractedalotofattention.Thedonationsonherwebpagequicklypassedthetotalgoal.Inlessthanaweek,thesitehadraised10timesmorethanexpectedandthedonationsarestillcomingin.ByNovember22,2023,Ms.McIntyre’swebpagehadraisedover$627,000,orenoughmoneytopayabout$60millioninmedicaldebts.Mr.GregoryplannedaspecialeventinDecembertocelebrateMs.McIntyre’slifeandtoannouncehowmanymillionsofdollarsofmedicaldebtsherhadpaidfor.4．WhydidMs.McIntyrefeelluckierthansomeotherpeople?A．Thedoctorseventuallycuredher.B．Herdiseasedidn’tbecomeworse.C．Shehadadecentjobbeforebeingill.D．Shehadsecurityaboutmedicalcare.5．HowdidMs.McIntyreandherhusbandhelpothers?A．Bypayingfortheirdailydebts.B．Bygivingawaymoneytothem.C．Byriddingthemofdebtsfromtreatments.D．Bypurchasingmedicalinsuranceforthem.6．Whatisparagraph4mainlyabout?A．Thepublicinvolvement.B．Thecouple’scommitment.C．Theoperationofawebsite.D．Theincreaseofmedicaldebts.7．WhichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribeMs.McIntyre?A．Humorousandelegant.B．Influentialandunderstanding.C．Cautiousandpromising.D．Enthusiasticandadaptable.【答案】4．D5．C6．A7．B15/2438歲的麥金太爾和丈夫建立了名為RIP幫助那些無力支付醫(yī)療債務(wù)的人。4．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Butsherealizedthatinaway,shewasluckierthansomeotherpeople.Shehadinsurancetohelppayforhermedicalcare.(但她意識到，在某種程度上，她比其他一些人幸運(yùn)。她有保險來支付醫(yī)療費(fèi)用)”可知，麥金太爾覺得自己比其他人幸運(yùn)因?yàn)樗嗅t(yī)療保障。故選D。5．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Thoughherhealthwasfailing,Ms.McIntyredecidedtohelppaythemedicaldebtsofasmanypeopleasshepossiblycould.ThecouplebegandonatingmoneytoagroupcalledRIPMedicalDebt,whichiscommittedtoworkingtopaytheunpaidmedicaldebtsofothers.(盡管她的健康狀況每況愈下，麥金太爾還是決