第頁|共頁2019年普通高等學(xué)校招生全國統(tǒng)一考試(新課標(biāo)III)英語注意事項(xiàng):1.答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號填寫在答題卡上。2.回答選擇題時，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號涂黑。如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號?；卮鸱沁x擇題時，將答案寫在答題卡上，寫在本試卷上無效。3.考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一節(jié)(共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。例:Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.答案是C。1.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inalibrary. B.Inabookstore. C.Inaclassroom.2.Howdoesthewomanfeelnow?A.Relaxed. B.Excited. C.Tired.3.Howmuchwillthemanpay?A.$520. B.$80. C.$100.4.WhatdoesthemantellJanetodo?A.Postponehisappointment. B.MeetMr.Douglas. C.Returnat3o’clock.5.WhywouldDavidquithisjob?A.Togobacktoschool. B.Tostarthisownfirm. C.Toworkforhisfriend.第二節(jié)(共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨(dú)白。每段對話或獨(dú)白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。6.Whatdoesthemanwantthewomantodo?A.Checkthecupboard.B.Cleanthebalcony.C.Buyanumbrella.7.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Husbandandwife.B.Employerandemployee.C.Shopassistantandcustomer.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。8.Wheredidthewomangoattheweekend?A.Thecitycentre.B.Theforestpark.C.Theman’shome.9.Howdidthemanspendhisweekend?A.Packingforamove.B.GoingoutwithJenny.C.Lookingforanewhouse.10.Whatwillthewomandofortheman?A.TakeHenrytohospital. B.Staywithhiskid. C.Lookafterhispet.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。11.WhatisMr.Stonedoingnow?A.Eatinglunch. B.Havingameeting. C.Writingadiary.12.WhydoesthemanwanttoseeMr.Stone?A.Todiscussaprogram. B.Tomakeatravelplan. C.Toaskforsickleave.13.WhenwillthemanmeetMr.Stonethisafternoon?A.At3:00. B.At3:30. C.At3:45.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。14.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Acompany. B.Aninterview. C.Ajoboffer.15.WhoisMonicaStansfield?A.Ajuniorspecialist. B.Adepartmentmanager. C.Asalesassistant.16.Whenwillthemanhearfromthewoman?AOnTuesday. B.OnWednesday. C.OnThursday.聽下面一段獨(dú)白，回答以下小題。17.WhatdidJohnenjoydoinginhischildhood?A.TouringFrance. B.Playingoutdoors. C.Paintingpictures.18.WhatdidJohndoafterhemovedtotheUS?A.Hedidbusiness. B.Hestudiedbiology. C.Heworkedonafarm.19.WhydidJohngohunting?A.Forfood. B.Forpleasure. C.Formoney.20.WhatisthesubjectofJohn’sworks?A.Americanbirds. B.Naturalscenery. C.Familylife.第頁|共頁2019年高考英語試卷（新課標(biāo)I）聽力試題答案及原文【參考答案】1.B 2.C 3.B 4.A 5.C6.C 7.A 8.B 9.A 10.C11.B 12.A 13.C 14.C 15.B16.A 17.C 18.A 19.B 20.A 聽力原文：第一節(jié)(共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。Text1W:Excuseme,howcanIfindthebookcalled

TheClassof1998?M:Oh,I’mafraiditwassoldout.W:It’sallright.Thankyou!Text2M:Howdidyourdancinglessongotoday?W:Exciting!Butitwashardwork.Ireallyneedarestnow.M:Yeah,Icanseethat.Goandgetrelaxed.Text3M:Howmuchisthatintotal?W:$100.Butifyouhaveamembershipcard,Icangiveyoua20%discount.M:Great,thisismymembershipcard.Text4M:Jane,I’mgoingoutforawhile.W:ButyouhaveanappointmentwithMr.Douglasat3o'clock.M:Well,pleasemakeitanotherday.第二節(jié)(共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨(dú)白。每段對話或獨(dú)白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。Text5W:Davidsaidhewouldquithisjobatourschool.M:Really?Whywouldhedothat?W:HisfriendstartedafirminLondon.ShewantedDavidtohelpher.Text6W:I’mgoingoutforshopping.Doyouneedanything?M;Oh.yeah.Ican’tfindmyumbrella.Canyoubuyone?W:Shouldn’titbeinthecupboard?M:Ijustchecked.Itwasn’tthere.W:Impossible.ThatwaswhereIusuallyputit.Didyoucheckthebalcony?M:Yes.ofcourse,couldn’tfindit.Well,justgetanewonethen.

Text7M:Hi.Lucy.Howwasyourweekend?W:Great!Youknow,wewentmountainclimbingintheforestpark.Theairwassodifferentfromthecity,coolandfresh.M:Soundsgreat!W:Yeah,therewasn’tacloudintheskyandwecouldseeformilesfromthetop.Whatabout

you?Whatdidyoudo?M:Busypacking.W:Oh,yes.ofcourse!IforgotyouandJennyaremovingintoanewhouse.It’sonWednesday,isn’tit?M:Yeah,twodaysafter.Ididn'trealizetherearesomanythingstodo.W:CanIhelpoutwithanything?M:Um,it’dbeniceifyoucouldtakecareofHenryforacoupleofdays.W:Henry?M:Yes,mydog.W:Oh,sure,noproblem.Youjustfocusonthemove.Text8M:Hello,canIspeaktoMr.Stone,please?W:Hello,butI’mafraidMr.Stoneisinameetinguntillunchtime.CanItakeamessage?M:Well,yes.I’dliketomakeanappointmenttoseehim.It’sHarrisonWhitehere.W:Justasecond,Mr.White.I’lllookinthediary.So...when’sconvenientforyou?M:Sometimetoday,possible.Ihearhe’llbeawaytomorrow.W:Yes,that’sright.He’llbeonabusinesstripforaweek.M:Ineedtotalkaboutmynewprogramwithhimbeforeheleaves.It’surgent.SowouldthisafternoonbeOK?W:Letmesee...OK.Mr.Stoneisfreethisafternoonafter3:00.M:Well,3:00isabitdifficult.ButIcouldmakeitafter3:30.W:So...shallwesayaquartertofourthisafternooninMr.Stone’soffice?M:That’sgreat.Thanks.Text9W:Hello?M:Hi,Cindy.ThisisJakeLeeatFix-itCorporation.Howareyoutoday?W:Oh,hiJake.I’mfine.Howareyou?M:Good.ThereasonI’mcallingisthatwe’dliketoofferyouthepositionyouwereinterviewedforlastThursday.W:Oh,that’sgreat!IwasreallyimpressedwithFix-it.M:I’mgladtohearit.Andwe’llpreparetoofferyouastartingsalaryof$55,000.W:Isee.And...vacationtime?M:Oh,yougetonedaypermonthinyourfirstyear.Thatis,you’llhave12daysinyourfirstyear,andthenincreaseifyoustaylongerwiththecompany.W:Whatwouldbemyjobtitle?M:You’dbeajuniorspecialist.Andyou’dbeworkingunderMonicaStansfield,thedepartment

manager.

W:OK...Isthesalarynegotiableatall?M:Well,thisistypicalfornewstaff.W:Isee...M:Whydon’tyouthinkaboutit?I’llneedtohearbackfromyoubyWednesday.Willthatwork?W:Sure,noproblem.I’llletyouknowTuesdayafternoon.Text10M:Hello,everybody.TodayI’dliketosharewithyousomethingaboutJohnAudubon.JohnwasbornonApril26th.1785.HespentmuchofhischildhoodinFrancewherehespentmanyhourseachdayoutdoorspaintingpictures.Attheageof18,hemovedtotheUnitedStates.Well,actually.JohnbeganhislifeintheUSasabusinessman.However,insteadoftakingcareofhisbusiness,Johnwasoftenoffexploringnature.Atfirst,Johnspenthistimehuntingforfun.Thenhefoundthattheanimalsaroundwereverybeautiful,andheparticularlyenjoyedobservingthebirdshesaw.Hebeganstudyingthem,tryingtolearnthedifferencesbetweenthebirdsandnoticingtheirdifferentbehaviors.

Therefore,hepaintedthebirdsheobservedalot.In1819,Johnrealizedthathedidn’thaveenoughmoneytopayhisbills.Hewasveryupsetthathecouldn’tearnenoughmoneytosupporthisfamily.Sohespenttimeimprovinghispaintingskillsandbegantosellhispaintings.Hediscoveredthathecouldearnsomemoneywhiledoingsomethinghereallyenjoyed.WeareluckynowtohavesomanypaintingsofAmericanbirdsbyJohnAudubon.第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AOPENINGSANDPREVIEWSAnimalsOutofPaperYolo！ProductionsandtheGreatGriffonpresenttheplaybyRajivJoseph，inwhichanorigami(折紙術(shù))artistinvitesateenagetalentandhisteacherintoherstudio.MerriMilwedirects.Inpreviews.OpensFeb.12.(WestParkPresbyterianChurch，165W.86thSt.212-868-4444.)TheAudienceHelenMirrenstarsintheplaybyPeterMorgan，aboutQueenElizabethIIoftheUKandherprivatemeetingswithtwelvePrimeMinistersinthecourseofsixtyyears.StephenDaldrydirects.AlsostarringDylanBakerandJudithIvey.PreviewsbeginFeb.14.(Schoenfeld，236W.45thSt.212-239-6200.)HamiltonLin-ManuelMirandawrotethismusicalaboutAlexanderHamilton，inwhichthebirthofAmericaispresentedasanimmigrantstory.ThomasKaildirects.Inpreviews.OpensFeb.17.(Public，425LafayetteSt.212-967-7555.)OntheTwentiethCenturyKristinChenowethandPeterGallagherstarinthemusicalcomedybyBettyComdenandAdolphGreen，aboutaBroadwayproducerwhotriestowinamoviestar'sloveduringacross-countrytrainjourney.ScottEllisdirects，forRoundaboutTheatreCompany.PreviewsbeginFeb.12.(AmericanAirlinesTheatre，227W.42ndSt.212-719-1300.)21.WhatistheplaybyRajivJosephprobablyabout?.A.Atypeofart. B.Ateenager'sstudio.C.Agreatteacher. D.Agroupofanimals.22.WhoisthedirectorofTheAudience?A.HelenMirren. B.PeterMorgan.C.DylanBaker. D.StephenDaldry.23.WhichplaywillyougotoifyouareinterestedinAmericanhistory?A.AnimalsOutofPaper. B.TheAudience.C.Hamilton. D.OntheTwentiethCentury.【答案】21.A22.D23.C【解析】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。這篇文章對一些話劇的開幕和新劇首映進(jìn)行了介紹?！?1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)話劇AnimalsOutofPaper的ProductionsandtheGreatGriffonpresenttheplaybyRajivJoseph,inwhichanorigamiartistinvitesateenagetalentandhisteacherintoherstudio.可知，RajivJoseph創(chuàng)作的的話劇是關(guān)于折紙的一種藝術(shù)。故選A?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)話劇TheAudience的StephenDaldrydirects.可知，本劇是StephenDaldry導(dǎo)演的。故選D。【23題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)話劇Hamilton的Li-ManuelMirandawrotethismusicalaboutAlexanderHamiltoninwhichthebirthofAmericaispresentedasanimmigrantstory.可知，話劇Hamilton的主題是美國的誕生，由此可知，如果你對美國歷史感興趣，你可以看這部話劇。故選C。BForWesterndesigners,ChinaanditsrichculturehavelongbeenaninspirationforWesterncreative."It'snosecretthatChinahasalwaysbeenasource(來源)ofinspirationfordesigners,"saysAmandaHill,chiefcreativeofficeratA+ENetworks,aglobalmediacompanyandhometosomeofthebiggestfashion(時尚)shows.Earlierthisyear,theChinaThroughALookingGlassexhibitioninNewYorkexhibited140piecesofChina-inspiredfashionableclothingalongsideChineseworksofart,withtheaimofexploringtheinfluenceofChineseaesthetics(美學(xué))onWesternfashionandhowChinahasfueledthefashionableimaginationforcenturies.Theexhibitionhadrecordattendance,showingthatthereishugeinterestinChineseinfluences."Chinaisimpossibletooverlook,"saysHill."Chinesemodelsarethefacesofbeautyandfashioncampaignsthatselldreamstowomenallovertheworld,whichmeansChinesewomenarenotjustconsumersoffashion—theyarecentraltoitsmovement."Ofcourse,onlyaretoday'stopWesterndesignersbeinginfluencedbyChina-someofthebestdesignersofcontemporaryfashionarethemselvesChinese."VeraWang,AlexanderWang,JasonWuaretakingonGaliano,Albaz,MarcJacobs-andbeatingthemhandsdownindesignandsales,"addsHil.ForHill,itisimpossiblenottotalkaboutChinaastheleadingplayerwhendiscussingfashion."ThemostfamousdesignersareChinese,soarethemodels,andsoaretheconsumers,"shesays."Chinaisnolongerjustanothermarket;inmanysensesithasbecomethemarket.Ifyoutalkaboutfashiontoday,youaretalkingaboutChina-itsinfluences,itsdirection,itsbreathtakingclothes,andhowyoungdesignersandmodelsarefinallyacknowledgingthatinmanyways."24.WhatcanwelearnabouttheexhibitioninNewYork?A.Itpromotedthesalesofartworks. B.Itattractedalargenumberofvisitors.C.ItshowedancientChineseclothes. D.ItaimedtointroduceChinesemodels.25.WhatdoesHillsayaboutChinesewomen?A.Theyaresettingthefashion. B.Theystartmanyfashioncampaigns.C.Theyadmiresupermodels. D.Theydobusinessallovertheworld.26.Whatdotheunderlinedwords"takingon"inparagraph4mean?A.learningfrom B.lookingdownon C.workingwith D.competingagainst27.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.YoungModelsSellingDreamstotheWorldB.AChineseArtExhibitionHeldinNewYorkC.DifferencesBetweenEasternandWesternAestheticsD.ChineseCultureFuelingInternationalFashionTrends【答案】24.B25.A26.D27.D【解析】這是一篇議論文。文章主要講了中國文化對世界時尚屆的影響，中國年輕的設(shè)計(jì)師和模特如何最終在許多方面被認(rèn)可。中國成了世界時尚的風(fēng)向標(biāo)?！?4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。答案定位在第三段Theexhibitionhadrecordattendance,showingthatthereishugeinterestinChineseinfluences.（此次展覽吸引參觀者人數(shù)創(chuàng)下了記錄，顯示出人們對中國影響的濃厚興趣。）由此可知，紐約的展覽吸引了許多參觀者，故選B?！?5題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。答案定位在第四段Chinesemodelsarethefacesofbeautyandfashioncampaignsthatselldreamstowomenallovertheworld,whichmeansChinesewomenarenotjustconsumersoffashion-theyarecentraltoitsmovement.（中國模特是向全世界女性推銷夢想的美和時尚活動的代言人，這意味著中國女性不僅僅是時尚的消費(fèi)者——她們是這場運(yùn)動的核心。）由此可知，Hill說中國女性開創(chuàng)了新時尚，故選A?！?6題詳解】詞義猜測題。下文andbeatingthemhandsdownindesignandsales說并在設(shè)計(jì)和銷售上擊敗他們。由此推斷出上文VeraWang,AlexanderWang,JasonWuaretakingonGalliano,Albaz,MareJacobs的意思是VeraWang、AlexanderWang和JasonWu正在與Galliano、Albaz和MareJacobs競爭。takingon意思是“競爭”，故選D。【27題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第一段chinaanditsculturehavelongbeenaninspirationforwesterncreations.以及最后一段Ifyoutalkaboutfashiontoday,youaretalkingaboutChina-itsinfluences,itsdirection,itsbreathtakingclothes,andhowyoungdesignersandmodelsarefinallyacknowledgingthatinmanyways."（如果你今天談?wù)摃r尚，你談?wù)摰氖侵袊挠绊?，它的方向，它令人驚嘆的服裝，以及年輕的設(shè)計(jì)師和模特如何最終在許多方面被認(rèn)可。），結(jié)合全文內(nèi)容，可知這篇文章最恰當(dāng)?shù)念}目是“中國文化助力國際時尚潮流”，故選D。CBeforethe1830s,mostnewspapersweresoldthroughannualsubscriptionsinAmerica,usually$8to$10ayear.Today$8or$10seemsasmallamountofmoney,butatthattimetheseamountswereforbiddingtomostcitizens.Accordingly,newspaperswerereadalmostonlybyrichpeopleinpoliticsorthetrades.Inaddition,mostnewspapershadlittleinthemthatwouldappealtoamassaudience.Theyweredullandvisuallyforbidding.Buttherevolutionthatwastakingplaceinthe1830swouldchangeallthat.Thetrend,then,wastowardthe"pennypaper"-atermreferringtopapersmadewidelyavailabletothepublic.Itmeantanyinexpensivenewspaper;perhapsmoreimportantlyitmeantnewspapersthatcouldbeboughtinsinglecopiesonthestreet.Thisdevelopmentdidnottakeplaceovernight.Ithadbeenpossible(butnoteasy)tobuysinglecopiesofnewspapersbefore1830,butthisusuallymeantthereaderhadtogodowntotheprinter'sofficetopurchaseacopy.Streetsaleswerealmostunknown.However,withinafewyears,streetsalesofnewspaperswouldbecommonplaceineasterncities.Atfirstthepriceofsinglecopieswasseldomapenny-usuallytwoorthreecentswascharged-andsomeoftheolderwell-knownpaperschargedfiveorsixcents.Butthephrase"pennypaper"caughtthepublic'sfancy,andsoontherewouldbepapersthatdidindeedsellforonlyapenny.Thisnewtrendofnewspapersfor"themanonthestreet"didnotbeginwell.Someoftheearlyventures(企業(yè))wereimmediatefailures.Publishersalreadyinbusiness,peoplewhowereownersofsuccessfulpapers,hadlittledesiretochangethetradition.Ittookafewyouthfulanddaringbusinessmentogettheballrolling.28.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesnewspapersinAmericabeforethe1830s?A.Academic. B.Unattractive. C.Inexpensive. D.Confidential.29.Whatdidstreetsalesmeantonewspapers?A.Theywouldbepricedhigher. B.Theywoulddisappearfromcities.C.Theycouldhavemorereaders. D.Theycouldregainpublictrust.30.Whowerethenewspapersofthenewtrendtargetedat?A.Localpoliticians. B.Commonpeople.C.Youngpublishers. D.Richbusinessmen.31.Whatcanwesayaboutthebirthofthepennypaper?A.Itwasadifficultprocess. B.Itwasatemporarysuccess.C.Itwasarobberyofthepoor. D.Itwasadisasterforprinters.【答案】28.B29.C30.B31.A【解析】本文為記敘文。文章敘述了“便士報(bào)紙”的誕生歷史。【28題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“Before1830s，...Accordinglynewspaperswerereadalmostonlybyrichpeople.Inaddition,mostnewspapershadlittleinthemthatwouldappealtomassaudience.Theyweredullandvisuallyforbidding.”可知，在19世紀(jì)30年代之前,只有富人才能讀報(bào)紙，而且大多數(shù)報(bào)紙中幾乎沒有能吸引大眾的內(nèi)容，讓人感覺無聊，，視覺上令人望而卻步。由此可得出那時的報(bào)紙沒有什么吸引力。分析選項(xiàng)，A.Academic學(xué)術(shù)的；B.Unattractive沒有吸引力，無魅力的；C.Inexpensive廉價的，不貴的；D.Confidential機(jī)密的，保密的?？芍狝、C和D是錯誤的，只有B符合題意，故選B?！?9題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段提到“便士報(bào)紙”針對大眾，很便宜的。更重要的是，在街上可以買的到報(bào)紙。結(jié)合第三段中間的“streetssalesofnewspaperswouldbecommonplacedineasterncities”可知，報(bào)紙的街頭銷售隨處可見。由此可推斷出，街頭銷售意味讀報(bào)紙的多了。分析選項(xiàng)可知C符合題，故選C。【30題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Thetrend,then,was‘pennypaper’—atermreferringtopapersmadewidelyavailabletothepublic.perhapsmoreimportantlyitmeantnewspapersthatcouldbeboughtinsinglecopiesonthestreet.”可知，這種“便士報(bào)紙”針對大眾的，在街上可以買的到報(bào)紙。分析選項(xiàng)可知，選項(xiàng)B符合題意，故選B?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。第二段“Thetrend,then,was‘pennypaper’”及最后一段“Thenewtrendofnewspapersfor‘themanonthestreet’didnotbeginwell.Someoftheearlyventureswereimmediatelyfailures.Publishersalreadyinbusiness,peoplewhoownersofsuccessfulpapers,hadlittledesirestochangethetradition.Ittookafewyouthfulanddaringbusinessmentogettheballrolling.”可知，“便士報(bào)紙”新趨勢一開始并不好，一些早期的嘗試立即失敗了。已經(jīng)進(jìn)入商業(yè)領(lǐng)域的成功的出版商，并不想改變這一傳統(tǒng)。后來一些年輕而大膽的商人才推動了這件事。由此可推斷出“便士報(bào)紙”的誕生是一個困難而曲折的過程。分析選項(xiàng)可知，A項(xiàng)符合題意，故選A。DMonkeysseemtohaveawaywithnumbers.AteamofresearcherstrainedthreeRhesusmonkeystoassociate26clearlydifferentsymbolsconsistingofnumbersandselectiveletterswith0-25dropsofwaterorjuiceasareward.Theresearchersthentestedhowthemonkeyscombined—oradded—thesymbolstogetthereward.Here'showHarvardMedicalSchoolscientistMargaretLivingstone,wholedtheteam,describedtheexperiment:Intheircagesthemonkeyswereprovidedwithtouchscreens.Ononepartofthescreen,asymbolwouldappear,andontheothersidetwosymbolsinsideacirclewereshown.Forexample,thenumber7wouldflashononesideofthescreenandtheotherendwouldhave9and8.Ifthemonkeystouchedtheleftsideofthescreentheywouldberewardedwithsevendropsofwaterorjuice;iftheywentforthecircle,theywouldberewardedwiththesumofthenumbers—17inthisexample.Afterrunninghundredsoftests,theresearchersnotedthatthemonkeyswouldgoforthehighervaluesmorethanhalfthetime,indicatingthattheywereperformingacalculation,notjustmemorizingthevalueofeachcombination.Whentheteamexaminedtheresultsoftheexperimentmoreclosely,theynoticedthatthemonkeystendedtounderestimate(低估)asumcomparedwithasinglesymbolwhenthetwowerecloseinvalue—sometimeschoosing,forexample,a13overthesumof8and6.Theunderestimationwassystematic:Whenaddingtwonumbers,themonkeysalwayspaidattentiontothelargerofthetwo,andthenaddedonlyafraction(小部分)ofthesmallernumbertoit."Thisindicatesthatthereisacertainwayquantityisrepresentedintheirbrains,"Dr.Livingstonesays.“Butinthisexperimentwhatthey'redoingispayingmoreattentiontothebignumberthanthelittleone.”32.Whatdidtheresearchersdotothemonkeysbeforetestingthem?A.Theyfedthem. B.Theynamedthem.C.Theytrainedthem. D.Theymeasuredthem.33.Howdidthemonkeysgettheirrewardintheexperiment?A.Bydrawingacircle. B.Bytouchingascreen.C.Bywatchingvideos. D.Bymixingtwodrinks.34.WhatdidLivingstone'steamfindaboutthemonkeys?A.Theycouldperformbasicaddition. B.Theycouldunderstandsimplewords.C.Theycouldmemorizenumberseasily. D.Theycouldholdtheirattentionforlong.35.Inwhichsectionofanewspapermaythistextappear?A.Entertainment. B.Health. C.Education. D.Science.【答案】32.C33.B34.A35.D【解析】這是一篇說明文。研究發(fā)現(xiàn)：猴子可以進(jìn)行基本的加法運(yùn)算。文章對研究的經(jīng)過和結(jié)論做了介紹和分析?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“AteamofresearcherstrainedthreeRhesusmonkeys…Theresearchesthentestedhow…”可知，在對這些猴子進(jìn)行測試之前，研究者們對它們進(jìn)行了培訓(xùn)。故C選項(xiàng)正確。【33題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Intheircagesthemonkeyswereprovidedwithtouchscreen…Ifthemonkeystouchedtheleftsideofthescreen,theywouldberewardedwithsevendrops…;iftheywentforthecircle,theywouldberewardedwith…”可知，當(dāng)猴子觸摸屏幕左邊時，它們會得到7滴水或者果汁的獎勵；當(dāng)它們觸摸屏幕的另一端（即畫著圓圈的部分）時，它們會得到17滴水或果汁的獎勵。由此可知，猴子是通過觸摸屏幕得到獎勵的。B選項(xiàng)正確?！?4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“Themonkeyswouldgoforthehighervaluesmorethanhalfthetime,indicatingthattheywereperformingacalculation,notjustmemorizingthevalueofeachcombination”和第五段中的“Whenaddingtwonumbers…”可知，猴子會在超過一半的時間內(nèi)選擇更高的值，這意味著它們在進(jìn)行計(jì)算，而不僅僅是記住每一個組合的值。由此可知，A選項(xiàng)正確：猴子能夠進(jìn)行基本的加法計(jì)算。由此亦可以排除C選項(xiàng)。【35題詳解】推理判斷題。通讀整篇文章可知，該文介紹的是哈佛醫(yī)學(xué)院的科學(xué)家MargaretLivingstone領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的一個研究團(tuán)隊(duì)對猴子進(jìn)行實(shí)驗(yàn)得出的研究結(jié)果。這屬于“科學(xué)研究”范疇，故該文應(yīng)出現(xiàn)在報(bào)紙的“科學(xué)”板塊。故D選項(xiàng)正確。第二節(jié)(共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Inanonlineclass,developinghealthypatternsofcommunicationwithprofessorsisveryimportant.___36___WhileIhaveonlylistedtwoofeach,thereareobviouslymanyothersituationsthatcanarise.Studentsshouldbeabletoextendthelogic(邏輯)ofeachtotheirparticularcircumstance.Do's?___37___Questionsaboutsubjectcontentaregenerallywelcomed.Beforeaskingquestionsaboutthecoursedesign,readthesyllabus(教學(xué)大綱)andlearningmanagementsysteminformationtobesuretheanswerisn'thidinginplainsight.?Participateindiscussionforums(論壇),blogsandotheropen-endedforumsfordialogue.___38___Besuretostayontopicandnotofferirrelevantinformation.Makeapoint,andmakeitsafeforotherstodothesame.Don'ts?Don'tsharepersonalinformationorstories.Professorsarenottrainednurses,financialaidexpertsoryourbestfriends.Ifyouareinneedofadeadlineextension,simplyexplainthesituationtotheprofessor.___39___?Don'topenlyexpressannoyanceataprofessororclass.___40___Whenastudentattacksaprofessoronthesocialmedia,thelanguageusedactuallysaysmoreaboutthestudent.Ifthereistrulyaconcernaboutaprofessor'sprofessionalismorability,besuretouseonlinecourseevaluationstocalmlyofferyourcomments.A.That'swhattheyarefor.B.Turntoanonlineinstructorforhelp.C.Ifmoreinformationisneeded,theywillask.D.Rememberthatonlineprofessorsgetalotofemails.E.Belowaresomecommondo'sanddon'tsforonlinelearners.F.Everyonehastakenanot-so-greatclassatonetimeoranother.G.Askquestions,butmakesuretheyaregood,thoughtfulquestions.【答案】36.E37.G38.A39.C40.F【解析】本文為說明文。在網(wǎng)絡(luò)課堂上，與教授建立健康的交流模式是非常重要的，作者在文中列舉了一些規(guī)矩與禁忌?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)文章段落結(jié)構(gòu)和本段首句Inanonlineclass,developinghealthypatternsofcommunicationwithprofessorsisveryimportant，可知，在網(wǎng)絡(luò)課堂上，與教授建立健康交流模式是非常重要的，作者在下文中列舉了一些規(guī)矩與禁忌，故選項(xiàng)E符合語境。【37題詳解】根據(jù)其后一句Questionsaboutsubjectcontentaregenerallywelcomed.（與課程內(nèi)容相關(guān)的問題是受歡迎的），解釋了什么樣的問題是好問題，可知，與G項(xiàng)“makesuretheyaregood,thoughtfulquestions”相呼應(yīng)，要提一些好的令人深思的問題，故選G?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)前一句Participateindiscussionforums（論壇）,blogsandotheropen-endedforumsfordialogue.可知，要參與論壇討論、博客和其他開放式的對話論壇。而這正是網(wǎng)絡(luò)課堂采用的交流的途徑，故選A?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)本段Professorsarenottrainednurses,financialaidexpertsoryourbestfriends教授不是訓(xùn)練有素的護(hù)士，不是經(jīng)濟(jì)援助專家，也不是你最好的朋友，可知，不要分享個人信息或故事，如果他們需要更多信息的話，他們會主動問起的，故選項(xiàng)C符合語境。【40題詳解】通讀本段，并根據(jù)本段主題句Don’topenlyexpressannoyanceataprofessororclass.告誡讀者，每個人都可能曾經(jīng)上過不太好的課，不要在社交媒體上攻擊教授，不要公開表達(dá)對教授或班級的不滿，要利用課程評價冷靜地提出你的意見。選項(xiàng)F符合上下文語境。第三部分語言知識運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分45分)第一節(jié)(共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。ThesmalltownofRjukaninNorwayissituatedbetweenseveralmountainsanddoesnotgetdirectsunlightfromlateSeptembertomid-March-___41___sixmonthsoutoftheyear.Ofcourse,we___42___itwhenthesunisshining,"saysKarinRo,whoworksforthetown’stourismoffice.“Weseetheskyis___43___,butdowninthevalleyit’sdarker—it’slikeona___44___day.”Butthat___45___whenasystemofhigh-tech___46___wasintroducedtoreflectsunlightfromneighboringpeaks(山峰)intothevalleybelow.Wednesday,residents(居民)ofRjukan___47___theirveryfirstrayofwintersunshine:Arowofreflectiveboardsonanearbymountainsidewereputto___48___.Themirrorsarecontrolledbyacomputerthat___49___themtoturnalongwiththesunthroughoutthe___50___andtocloseduringwindyweather.Theyreflectaconcentratedbeam(束)oflightontothetown’scentral___51___,creatinganareaofsunlightroughly600squaremeters.Whenthelight___52___,Rjukanresidentsgatheredtogether.“Peoplehavebeen___53___thereandstandingthereandtaking___54___ofeachother,"Rosays."Thetownsquarewastotally___55___.Ithinkalmostallthepeopleinthetownwerethere."The3,500residentscannotall___56___thesunshineatthesametime.___57___,thenewlightfeelslikemorethanenoughforthetown’s___58___residents."It'snotvery___59___,”shesays,"butitisenoughwhenweare___60___.”41.A.only B.obviously C.nearly D.precisely42.A.fear B.believe C.hear D.notice43.A.empty B.blue C.high D.wide44.A.cloudy B.normal C.different D.warm45.A.helped B.changed C.happened D.mattered46.A.computers B.telescopes C.mirrors D.cameras47.A.remembered B.forecasted C.received D.imagined48.A.repair B.risk C.rest D.use49.A.forbids B.directs C.predicts D.follows50.A.day B.night C.month D.year51.A.library B.hall C.square D.street52.A.appeared B.returned C.faded D.stopped53.A.driving B.hiding C.camping D.siting54.A.pictures B.notes C.care D.hold55.A.new B.full C.flat D.silent56.A.block B.avoid C.enjoy D.store57.A.Instead B.However C.Gradually D.Similarly58.A.nature-loving B.energy-saving C.weather-beaten D.sun-starved59.A.big B.clear C.cold D.easy60.A.trying B.waiting C.watching D.sharing【答案】41.C42.D43.B44.A45.B46.C47.C48.D49.B50.A51.C52.A53.D54.A55.B56.C57.B58.D59.A60.D【解析】本文屬于記敘文，講述北歐一個小鎮(zhèn)長達(dá)半年沒有陽光照射，為此在附近的山頂安裝了一套鏡子設(shè)備把陽光反射到小鎮(zhèn)的廣場。每當(dāng)光線照射的時候，人們就聚集在廣場上，為寒冷的冬季增添一絲明亮?！?1題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。A.only僅僅；B.obviously顯然地；C.nearly幾乎；D.precisely準(zhǔn)確的。根據(jù)前文fromlateSeptembertomid-March可知，從九月底到三月中旬，差不多半年，故選C。42題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。A.fear害怕；B.believe相信；C.hear聽見；D.notice注意。根據(jù)后文Weseetheskyis43,butdowninthevalleyit'sdarker可知，我們看到天空是藍(lán)色，但是到山谷的時候，就會變得更暗了，故可知，太陽照耀的時候，我們觀察得到，故選D?！?3題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。A.empty空的；B.blue藍(lán)色的；C.high搞得；D.wide寬的。根據(jù)常識可知，有太陽的時候，天空是藍(lán)色的，故選B?！?4題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。A.cloudy多云的；B.normal正常的；C.different不同的；D.warm溫暖的。根據(jù)前文downinthevalleyit'sdarker可知，到山谷的時候，天變暗了，像陰天一樣，故選A?！?5題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。A.helped幫助；B.changed改變；C.happened發(fā)生；D.mattered關(guān)系重大。根據(jù)后文可知，該鎮(zhèn)引入一套陽光反射鏡來改變這種情況，故選B。【46題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。A.computers電腦；B.telescopes望遠(yuǎn)鏡；C.mirrors鏡子；D.cameras相機(jī)。根據(jù)后文toreflectsunlightfromneighboringpeaks可知，從附近的山頂上反射太陽光，故可知，為一枚鏡子，故選C。【47題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。A.remembered記得；B.forecasted預(yù)報(bào)；C.received獲得，收到；D.imagined想象。根據(jù)句意可知，該鎮(zhèn)的居民獲得了冬天里的第一縷陽光，故選C?！?