英語(yǔ)六級(jí)寫(xiě)作講義(1)

(Ifyouhaveanyquestions,pleasefeelfreetocontact

meandIcanbereachedduringthedaysIaminNOS.)

甫歲/

教習(xí)過(guò)好幾門(mén)課程，深感寫(xiě)作這一課是最難教的，〃危乎高哉！’寫(xiě)

作’之難難于上青天。……一夫當(dāng)關(guān)，萬(wàn)夫莫開(kāi)。〃學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)寫(xiě)作多

時(shí)，大多不能迥脫蹊徑之外，工而入逸者更是寥寥。于是我悲觀(guān)起來(lái)，

認(rèn)定〃文不可以'教'而能〃。雖說(shuō)文字和技法可以也應(yīng)當(dāng)教一些，俾學(xué)生

邯鄲學(xué)步，漸次入門(mén)，但就本質(zhì)特征而論，寫(xiě)作遠(yuǎn)不只是一個(gè)章法和技

巧的問(wèn)題，而是〃氣之所行〃，是皮相之下許多深層主觀(guān)因素的綜合，是

一個(gè)厚積薄發(fā)的養(yǎng)成過(guò)程。這些主觀(guān)因素，在我看來(lái)，體現(xiàn)在國(guó)內(nèi)的英

語(yǔ)寫(xiě)作考試當(dāng)中只局限于素心爛讀的積累。Readingmakesafullman.這

是英國(guó)學(xué)者的傳世之言，我們的祖先說(shuō)〃讀書(shū)破萬(wàn)卷，下筆如有神我

們贊嘆一篇文章，往往是因?yàn)槲覀儽晃恼轮械恼Z(yǔ)言所吸引、所征服：語(yǔ)

匯豐富、句式整齊、語(yǔ)言或精練或華麗，句式安排熟練自如，自然流暢;

而這只能來(lái)自于readingo但是我們已沒(méi)有那么多的時(shí)間去〃讀〃了，于

是乎，語(yǔ)言的總結(jié)就變得極其必要！

要?dú)w納記敘文中漂亮、地道的語(yǔ)言是困難的，但是要?dú)w納論說(shuō)文這

個(gè)各種英語(yǔ)考試的作文類(lèi)型中的語(yǔ)言不是不可能的。論說(shuō)文是由開(kāi)頭、

結(jié)尾、啟轉(zhuǎn)、分析、舉例、比較等部分所組成的，其中都有些固定而漂

亮的句型來(lái)表達(dá)。由于這些句型都是地道的英語(yǔ)，是經(jīng)過(guò)千錘百煉，且

能表達(dá)論說(shuō)文寫(xiě)作中的不同意思，若能把以論說(shuō)文為主的當(dāng)代英語(yǔ)

essays中的這些句型摘錄歸納成類(lèi)，供讀者參考，無(wú)疑是能有助于提高

英語(yǔ)寫(xiě)作的語(yǔ)言水平。

模仿和學(xué)用漂亮和地道的英語(yǔ)表達(dá)法或句型并不是可恥的事。地道

的英語(yǔ)不應(yīng)是你用學(xué)過(guò)的詞匯和語(yǔ)法規(guī)則按某個(gè)意思苦苦思索造出來(lái)

的，地道的英語(yǔ)應(yīng)是你把英美人對(duì)這個(gè)意思的習(xí)慣說(shuō)法用到你自己的文

章上來(lái)的。該講義收集了論說(shuō)文常用的一些句型，與六級(jí)考試的一些文

章結(jié)構(gòu)模式；希望同學(xué)們能以此為依據(jù)，Practicemakesperfect,達(dá)到熟

能生巧的境界，從而在六級(jí)考試作文部分獲得理想的分?jǐn)?shù)！

寫(xiě)作晨則

內(nèi)容簡(jiǎn)單化

結(jié)構(gòu)模式化（主題句-分論點(diǎn)-總結(jié)）

語(yǔ)言要包裝

錯(cuò)誤要回避

方怩理由:

1、方便：convenient/convenience

2、效率：efficient/efficiently/efficiency

3、節(jié)省和浪費(fèi)：savetime/money/space;economical,thrift

wastetime/money/space;costly,lavish

4：人的心理健康：independent,cooperative,competitive,

considerate,confident,creative,sociable,

perseverance;selfish,isolated,conservative

5、人的身體健康：health,disease,strong,strength,energetic

6、娛樂(lè)：colorful,pleasure,joy,recreation,entertainment,relax

tired,boring,lonely

7、環(huán)境：environment,pollute,poisonous,dirty

8、安全和危險(xiǎn):safe,clanger,risk

9：經(jīng)驗(yàn)：experience,socialexperience,enterthesociety

10、人際：humane,fair,unfair,help,assist,freedom,freely

1.越來(lái)越：beincreasingly+adj.,beontherise,thegrowing

numberof

2.人們認(rèn)為：itisgenerally/widelybelieved/held/agreedthat

3.許多問(wèn)題：ahostof/anumberofproblems

4.弓I起人彳門(mén)注意：claimcall/attractgeneral/public/worldattentionto

sth.

5.意識(shí)至ij：thereisagrowingawareness/realizationof/that,awaken

sb.tothefact/danger

6.適應(yīng)新的形勢(shì)/變化：adapt/adjust/accommodateoneselftonew

environment/change

7.接觸各種思想/經(jīng)歷：beexposedtonew

ideas/experiences/problems

8.接觸社會(huì)：comeintofrequent/closecontactwiththeworld/society

9.獲得成功：achieve/accomplishsuccess

10.提出觀(guān)點(diǎn)/建議：advance/putforward/comeupwiththe

arguments/ideas/suggestions

11.作出努力：maketremendous/persistent/sustainedefforttodosth.,

takegreatpainstodo(withwork/study)

12.影響學(xué)習(xí)/工作：interferewithstudies/work

13.產(chǎn)生影響：have/exertaprofoundinfluenceonlife/personality,have

adramatic/undesirableeffecton

14.較好地駕馭生活：beabetterpilotofone'slife

15.錄U奪機(jī)會(huì)/權(quán)力：depriveoneselfofthechance/right/opportunity

16.取代舊的方式：substitutefor/taketheplaceoftheoldway

17.采取措施：takeeffectivesteps/measuresto

18.控制我們的環(huán)境：take/gainincreasingcontroloverourown

environment

19.躲避危險(xiǎn)/挑戰(zhàn)：shy/runawayfromthedangers/challenge

20.滿(mǎn)足要求：meet/satisfy/accommodatethedemandof

21.補(bǔ)償損失：compensatefor/makeupfortheloss/damage

22.解釋某現(xiàn)象：accountfor/explainthephenomenon

23.對(duì)..很好的了解：haveabetterunderstanding/appreciationof,

haveanewperspectiveon.provide/gainaninsightinto

24.把某因素考慮進(jìn)去:takesth.Intoaccount(consideration),give

muchthoughtto

25.品位人生/自由/青春：savorthelife/freedom/youth

26.培養(yǎng)對(duì)..的信心：develop/fosterone'sinterest/confidencein

27.經(jīng)歷變化/困難/艱險(xiǎn)：undergo/experiencegreat

changes/hardships/experience

28.表現(xiàn)出自信心等：projectone'sconfidence/feeling/image

29.生活充滿(mǎn)不公正的地方：lifeisfullofminorirritation/injustice

30.追求學(xué)習(xí)/職業(yè)：pursueone'sacademicinterest/professionalcareer

31.學(xué)習(xí)知識(shí)/技術(shù)：pursue/acquireknowledge/technology/skill

32.被看作學(xué)習(xí)的..榜樣：beheldupasagoodexample

33.交流經(jīng)驗(yàn)/知識(shí)：shareexperience/ideas/problems/knowledge

34.發(fā)揮/起到重要作用：playan(important/active/great)role/part

35.逃學(xué)/缺課：skipschool/aclass/ameeting/alecture

36.知識(shí)/經(jīng)驗(yàn)豐富：richinknowledge/experience

37.確立/追求目標(biāo)：set/pursueagoal/higherstandard

38.至ij達(dá)目標(biāo)：achieve/accomplish/stainthegoal/aim/objective

39.克服困難：overcomeobstacles/difficulty

40.面臨危險(xiǎn)/困難：beconfronted/facedwith/inthefaceof

danger/difficulty

41.阻礙了成功：standinthewayofsuccess,beanobstacle/barrierto

success/growth

42.阻礙了發(fā)展：hamper/impede/stuntthedevelopmentof

43.持傳統(tǒng)的看法：holdconventionalwisdom

44.發(fā)表看法：voice/expressone'sopinion

45.持相反/合理的觀(guān)點(diǎn)：taketheopposite/freshview

46.揭穿某種一貫的說(shuō)法：shatterthemythof

47.求得幫助：enlistone'ssupport/help

48.縮小差另ij：bridge/narrow/fillthegap/gulf(betweencityandcountry)

49.把成功/錯(cuò)誤歸咎于：attribute/ownthesuccess/failureto

50.對(duì)..重要：beindispensable/important/vitalto

51.施力口壓力：put/exertaacademicpressureon

52.重視：assign/attachmuchimportance/significanceto

53.強(qiáng)調(diào)：place/putmuchemphasis/stress/valueon

54.把注意力集中在：focus/concentrateone'sattention/efforts/thoughts

upon

55.提供機(jī)會(huì)/信息：provide/offer/furnishanopportunity/informationfor

sb.

56.抓住機(jī)會(huì)：grab/seize/taketheopportunity

57.得至ij機(jī)會(huì)：enjoy/gainaccesstoaopportunity/information

58.有可能：thereis(little/much)possibility/likelihoodthat,chances/the

oddsarethat

59.展開(kāi)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)：competeagainst/withsb.forthe

prize/position/control/themasteryof

60.開(kāi)展運(yùn)動(dòng)：conduct(carryon/undertake/initiate/launch/wage)a

(vigorous/nation-wide/publicity/advertising)campaign(for/against)

61.對(duì)我很有/沒(méi)有什么意義：makemuch/littlesensetome

62.帶來(lái)無(wú)窮的幸福/滿(mǎn)足：beasourceofhappiness

satisfaction/contentment/pride/complaint

63.獻(xiàn)身于：devote/dedicate/commitoneselftoacause/career

64.大不(沒(méi)什么)兩樣:makemuch(little/no)difference

65.真正重要的是：whatreallymatters/accountsis…

66.改變生活旅程：change/alterthecourseoflife

67.建立在大量的學(xué)習(xí)/實(shí)踐上：builtontremendousamountof

study/practice

68.進(jìn)行調(diào)查/執(zhí)行任務(wù)：conduct/carryoutanstudy/task/experimerit

69.辭去工作/學(xué)習(xí)：leave/quitone'sjob/work/school

70.參加考試/競(jìng)賽等：enter(for)theexamination/contest,race

71.參力口活動(dòng)/討論：takepart/participate/beengagedin

sports/activities/discussion

72.影響思想/態(tài)度/事件的形成：shapeone'sthinking/attitude

73.進(jìn)入大學(xué)/社會(huì)/家庭/勞力市場(chǎng)/職業(yè)：entera

school/college/society/theworkforce/professionals

74.實(shí)現(xiàn)自己的理想/愿望：realize/fulfill/achieveone's

dream(hops/wish/desire)

75.減輕壓力/緊張：reduce/alIeviate/reIievethestress/pressure/tension

76.提高社會(huì)地位：enhance/improve/upgradesocial

status/position/standingrisetothepositionofleadership

77.提高技術(shù)/能力：sharpen(increase/improve/enhance/boost)one's

skill/ability

78.加快/促進(jìn)發(fā)展:accelerate/facilitate/advance/enhance/boostthe

developmentof

79.隨著生活節(jié)奏的加快:withthequickeningpace/rhythm/tempoof

modernlife/society

80.開(kāi)闊眼界/興趣：broadenone'sinterest/outlook,

expand(broaden/enlarge)one'smentalhorizons

81.有助于了解/發(fā)展/宣傳/解決：contribute