保密★啟用前學(xué)年順德區(qū)普通高中高三教學(xué)質(zhì)量檢測(cè)（二）英語(yǔ)試題2本試卷共8頁(yè)，滿(mǎn)分分，考試用時(shí)分鐘。注意事項(xiàng)：本試卷分選擇題和非選擇題兩部分。答卷前，考生務(wù)必用黑色鋼筆或簽字筆將自己的姓名、考生號(hào)填寫(xiě)在答題卡上。條形碼橫貼在條形碼粘貼處。因筆試不考聽(tīng)力，試題從第二部分的閱讀理解開(kāi)始，試題序號(hào)從開(kāi)始。作答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆在答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑；如需要改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案。非選擇題必須用黑色字跡的鋼筆或簽字筆作答，答案必須寫(xiě)在答題卡相應(yīng)位置；答案寫(xiě)在試卷上無(wú)效。第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分分）第一節(jié)（共小題；每小題5分，滿(mǎn)分5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的、、、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ACanyoutellameaningful,truestoryfromyourlifeinjust100words?That’sthechallengewepresentinourPersonalNarrativeContest,inspiredbytheLoveStoriesseries.Afterreceivingmorethan25,000entriesinthelasttwoyearsandhonoringdozensofoutstandingteen-writtenmemoirs,we’velearnedthatitisabsolutelypossibletocaptureapowerfulmomentinjust100words.lookingforshortbutimpactfulstoriesthathighlightaspecificeventormomentinyourlife,toldinyouruniquevoice.notaskingyoutofollowaparticularthemeorstructure,butwehopeyou’llexploredifferentstylesandformstotellastorythatismeaningfultoyou.Thiscontestisopentostudentsaged13to19fromaroundtheworldwhoarecurrentlyinhighschool.Collegestudentsarenotallowed,buthighschoolstudentstakingcollegeclasses,andstudentsaged19oryoungertakingagapyearornotyetincollegecanparticipate.However,childrenofNewEnglishemployeesandthoselivinginthesamehouseholdarenotallowedtoenter.workwillbeevaluatedbyNewEnglishjournalists,LeaningNetworkandeducatorsfrom第1頁(yè)/共23頁(yè)universitiesacrossthecountry.TheprizeforwinningishavingyourstorypublishedontheLearningNetwork,withthepossibilityofbeingselectedfortheprinteditionsofNewEnglish.willbeannouncedbyMay1,2025.Contestdates:Jan.6toMar.4,2025.SubmissionsmustbereceivedbyMar.4,2025,usingthesubmissionformprovided.PleasewritetousatFeedback@newenglish.com.1.Whattypeofstoriesisthecontestlookingfor?A.yetmeaningfulstories.B.Longanddetailedstories.C.Fictionalstorieswithatheme.D.Storiesfollowingaspecificform.2.Whocantakepartinthiscontest?A.First-yearcollegestudents.B.Highschoolstudentsofanyage.C.KidsofNewEnglishemployees.D.Highschoolstudentsaged13-19.3.Whatistheprizeforwinningthecontest?A.Achancetomeetjournalists.B.Becomingapart-timeeditor.C.Publicationofthewinningstory.D.toauniversityeducator.【答案】1.A2.D3.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了學(xué)生微型回憶錄大賽的要求及獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)。【1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章第一段中“l(fā)ookingforshortbutimpactfulstoriesthathighlightaspecificeventormomentinyourlife,toldinyouruniquevoice.notaskingyoutofollowaparticularthemeorstructure,butwehopeyou’llexploredifferentstylesandformstotellastorythatismeaningfultoyou.(我們期待收到簡(jiǎn)短卻富有影響力的故事，這些故事應(yīng)突出你生活中的某個(gè)特定事件或瞬間，并以你獨(dú)特的視角講述。我們并不要求你遵循特定的主題或結(jié)構(gòu)，但希望你能探索不同的風(fēng)格和形式，講述一個(gè)對(duì)你而言意義非凡的故事)”可知，比賽尋找的是微小但有意義的故事。故選A?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章第二段“Thiscontestisopentostudentsaged13to19fromaroundtheworldwhoarecurrentlyinhighschool.Collegestudentsarenotallowed,buthighschoolstudentstakingcollegeclasses,andstudentsaged19oryoungertakingagapyearornotyetincollegecanparticipate.However,childrenofNewEnglishemployeesandthoselivinginthesamehouseholdarenotallowedtoenter.(本次大賽面向全球13至19歲、目前就讀于高中的學(xué)生開(kāi)放。大學(xué)生不得參加，但正在上高中課程的大學(xué)生，以及19歲或以下、處于)”可第2頁(yè)/共23頁(yè)知，比賽面向13到19歲的全球高中生。故選D?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章第三段中“TheprizeforwinningishavingyourstorypublishedontheLearningNetwork,withthepossibilityofbeingselectedfortheprinteditionsofNewEnglish.(獲獎(jiǎng)?wù)邔⒂袡C(jī)會(huì)將自己的故事發(fā)布在學(xué)習(xí)網(wǎng)絡(luò)上，并有可能被選中刊登在《新英語(yǔ)》的印刷版上)”可知，獲勝的獎(jiǎng)品是有機(jī)會(huì)在學(xué)習(xí)網(wǎng)絡(luò)上發(fā)表故事，還有可能被選入《新英語(yǔ)》的印刷版。故選C。BSuzanneDonohoeatopmanager,startedthemonthwitha10-daybusinesstripthroughAsia.BackinNewherhusband,MattDonohoe,washelpingtheirthreeteenagersbeginanewschoolyear.Thatwasnosimpletask.Thoughthechildrenarecloseinage,eachgoestoadifferentschoolandhasdifferentafter-schoolactivities.Mattdrovetheir13-year-oldtohockeypracticesandtookallthreechildrenforatournament.Inbetween,thereweregroceriestobuy,mealstoprepareandhomeworktoassistwith.Itwasallinaday’sworkforMatt,whoquithisjobtohelpoutathome.Heispartofaquietbutgrowinggroupofmenwhomanageresponsibilitiesathomewhiletheirwivesclimbtotoppositionsinfinance.Accordingtoa2023report,Dadsrepresented18%ofstay-at-homeparentsin2021,upfromin1989.Streethaslongstruggledtopromoteandkeepwomen.Ahotlycompetitiveindustrythatdemandslonghours,frequenttravelandtheneedtobeoncallconstantly,ithasbeenanunwelcomingenvironmentforwomen,particularlythosewithchildren.Managingthearrangementsisachallengingtask.leadersinfinancesaythathavingapartnerwhostayshomecanrelievethatburden.Thedishearteningpartofthemessageisthatyoucan’tachieveifoneparentisn’tathome.Forthemen,beingahousehusbandcancomewithanegativeperception:Societyoftenstillassumesmenwillbethebiggerearnersandwomenthemaincaregivers.Notallmenareascomfortableintheposition.Onestay-at-homedadsayshesometimestellsothermenthathemanagesrealestate—technicallytruebecausethefamilyownsafewbuildings.Hesayshecanidentifyothermeninsimilarroleswhentheysaythey“runasmallinvestmentfund.”alloutthere,butwecan’tsayanythingaboutit,”hesays.PaulSullivan,astay-at-homedad,hasbeentryingtochangethat.HefoundedagroupcalledtheCompanyofDads,buthefoundnosupportgroupsformeninhisposition.Hereachedoutforadvice.Somesaidpeoplesometimesmadefunofthehousehusbands,callingthemnameslike“Mr.Mom.”第3頁(yè)/共23頁(yè)thingscanbetrueatonce,”Sullivansays.“Momscanbediscriminatedagainstintheworkplace,anddadscanbeafraidtotakealeadroleathome.”4.Whatphenomenonisdescribedinparagraph1?A.Mothers’greatercontributiontothefamily.B.Children’spressurefromafter-schoolactivities.C.Fathers’moreinvolvementinhouseholdduties.D.Fathers’poorperformanceintimemanagement.5.Whatisthewritingpurposeofparagraph3?A.opposethecompetitivenatureofStreet.B.describechallengeswomenfaceintheircareers.C.suggestmenshouldstayathometosupportwomen.D.showhowhousehusbandshelptheirwivessucceed.6.Whatcanbeinferredaboutthestay-at-homedadsfromparagraph4&5?ATheyarewidelyacceptedasmaincaregivers.B.Theyareproudofbeingstay-at-homeparents.C.Theytrytoplaydowntheircaregivingroles.D.Theystruggletobalanceworkandfamily.7.Whatispeople’sattitudetoSullivan’sinitiative?A.Appreciative.B.Ambiguous.C.D.Disapproving.【答案】4.C5.B6.C7.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要講述了男性作為家庭主夫的現(xiàn)象及其面臨的挑戰(zhàn)。【4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章第一段“SuzanneDonohoe,atopmanager,startedthemonthwitha10-daybusinesstripthroughAsia.BackinNewherhusband,MattDonohoe,washelpingtheirthreeteenagersbeginanewschoolyear.Thatwasnosimpletask.Thoughthechildrenarecloseinage,eachgoestoadifferentschoolandhasdifferentafter-schoolactivities.Mattdrovetheir13-year-oldtohockeypracticesandtookallthreechildrenforatournament.Inbetween,thereweregroceriestobuy,mealstoprepareandhomeworktoassistwith.(高級(jí)管理人第4頁(yè)/共23頁(yè)員蘇珊娜·多諾霍本月以一次為期10天的亞洲商務(wù)旅行開(kāi)始?；氐郊~約后，她的丈夫馬特·多諾霍正忙著幫助他們的三個(gè)孩子迎接新學(xué)期的到來(lái)。這可不是件容易的事。雖然孩子們年齡相仿，但他們各自就讀于不同的學(xué)校，參加不同的課后活動(dòng)。馬特開(kāi)車(chē)送13歲的孩子去練習(xí)曲棍球，還帶著三個(gè)孩子去參加比賽。在這期間，他還得負(fù)責(zé)購(gòu)買(mǎi)雜貨、準(zhǔn)備飯菜以及輔導(dǎo)孩子們做作業(yè))”可知，第一段描述了一種現(xiàn)象，即父親更多地參與家務(wù)。故選C。【5題詳解】推理判斷題。由文章第三段“Streethaslongstruggledtopromoteandkeepwomen.Ahotlycompetitiveindustrythatdemandslonghours,frequenttravelandtheneedtobeoncallconstantly,ithasbeenanunwelcomingenvironmentforwomen,particularlythosewithchildren.Managingthearrangementsisachallengingtask.leadersinfinancesaythathavingapartnerwhostayshomecanrelievethatburden.Thedishearteningpartofthemessageisthatyoucan’tachieveifoneparentisn’tathome.(華爾街長(zhǎng)期以來(lái)在女性員工的晉升和留任方面一直存在困難。這是一個(gè)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)激烈、要求長(zhǎng)時(shí)間工作、頻繁出差且隨時(shí)待命的行業(yè)，對(duì)女性，尤其是育有子女的女性來(lái)說(shuō)，并不是一個(gè)友好的工作環(huán)境。處理這些安排是一項(xiàng)艱巨的任務(wù)。金融領(lǐng)域的女性領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者表示，如果有一方留在家里，可以減輕她們的負(fù)擔(dān)。但令人沮喪的是，如果父母中有一方不在家，她們就難以實(shí)現(xiàn)職業(yè)上的成功)”可知，第三段的目的主要是描述女性在職業(yè)生涯中面臨的挑戰(zhàn)。故選B。【6題詳解】推理判斷題。由文章第四段“Forthemen,beingahousehusbandcancomewithanegativeperception:Societyoftenstillassumesmenwillbethebiggerearnersandwomenthemaincaregivers.Notallmenareascomfortableintheposition.Onestay-at-homedadsayshesometimestellsothermenthathemanagesrealestate—technicallytruebecausethefamilyownsafewbuildings.Hesayshecanidentifyothermeninsimilarroleswhentheysaythey“runasmallinvestmentfund.”(該是家庭的主要經(jīng)濟(jì)支柱，而女性則是主要的照顧者。并不是所有男性都能坦然接受這種角色。一位全職父親說(shuō)，他有時(shí)會(huì)告訴其他男性，他管理房地產(chǎn)——從技術(shù)上講這是真的，因?yàn)榧依飺碛袔讞潣?。他說(shuō)，當(dāng)其他處于類(lèi)似角色的男性說(shuō)他們“經(jīng)營(yíng)著一個(gè)小型投資基金”時(shí)，他能認(rèn)出他們)”和第五段“alloutthere,butwecan’tsayanythingaboutit,”hesays.()”可知，對(duì)于男性來(lái)說(shuō)，成為家庭主夫可能會(huì)帶來(lái)負(fù)面的看法，不是所有男性都對(duì)這個(gè)位置感到自在，有些男C?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段中“PaulSullivan,astay-at-homedad,hasbeentryingtochangethat.HefoundedagroupcalledtheCompanyofDads,buthefoundnosupportgroupsformeninhisposition.Hereached第5頁(yè)/共23頁(yè)outforadvice.Somesaidpeoplesometimesmadefunofthehousehusbands,callingthemnameslike“Mr.Mom.”(保羅·沙利文也是一位全職父親，他一直在努力改變這種現(xiàn)狀。他創(chuàng)立了一個(gè)名為“父親陪伴”的團(tuán)體，但他發(fā)現(xiàn)沒(méi)有支持他這種處境男性的團(tuán)體。他尋求建議。有人說(shuō)，人們有時(shí)會(huì)嘲笑家庭主夫，給他們起諸如“媽媽先生”之類(lèi)的綽號(hào))”可知，Sullivan試圖改變?nèi)藗儗?duì)家庭主夫的看法，但他發(fā)現(xiàn)沒(méi)有支持他這種立場(chǎng)的男性團(tuán)體。他尋求建議時(shí)，有些人有時(shí)會(huì)嘲笑家庭主夫，給他們起“媽媽先生”之類(lèi)的綽號(hào)。這表明人們對(duì)Sullivan的倡議持反對(duì)的態(tài)度。故選D。CDenmark,knownforitsinventiverestaurantsandelegantdesignstudios,isabouttobecomeknownforsomethingmorebasic:theworld’sfirstbelch(打嗝)andmanure(糞便)tax.That’sbecausetherearefivetimesasmanypigsandcowsinDenmarkastherearepeople.Nearlytwo-thirdsofitslandistakenupbyfarming.Andagricultureisbecomingitslargestshareofclimatepollution,puttinglawmakersunderintensepublicpressuretoreduceit.Sonow,Denmark’sgovernment,hasagreedtotaxthemethaneemissions(甲烷排放)releasedbyfarmanimals.Themeasurewaspassedthismonth,makingittheonlysuchclimatetaxonfarmanimalsintheworld.“Ithinkit’sgood,”saidRasmus,a31-year-oldcitizenwhowasshoppingfordinnerinCopenhagen.“It’sagentlepushtoencourageplant-baseddiets,perhapsfewerporkchoices.”Thetaxispartofalargerpackagedesignedtocleanupthecountry’sagriculturalpollutionandeventuallyrestoresomefarmlandtoitsnaturalform,likepeatlands(泥炭地),whichareexceptionallygoodattrappingplanet-heatinggasesundergroundbutwereemptieddecadesago.Denmark’sisalsoawake-upcallformanyagriculturalnations,includingtheUnitedStates,astheyfacethesamecallstoreducepollutionfromfarms.Globally,thefoodsystemaccountsforafourthofgreenhousegases,andreducingthoseemissionsrequiresmakingtoughchoicesondiets,jobsandindustries.Thatmakesfoodaparticularlychallengingclimateproblemtoaddress.Nowonderthattoreduceagriculture’sclimateemissionshavefacedstrongresistance,fromBrusselstoDelhitowheretheNewZealandgovernmentproposedaburptaxin2022onlytohavealatergovernmentoverturnit.EvenDenmark’smeasurefacedheatedpoliticaldebatesandhasbeenundernegotiationforyears.ThemeasurewasfinallypassedinNovember.Startingin2030,itwillchargefarmers300Danishkroner(around$43)foreverytonofcarbondioxide.By2035,thetaxwillmorethandoubleto750kroner(S106).Abigger,moredifficultdilemmastilllooms:Denmarkcontinuetotumoversomuchofitslandtocows第6頁(yè)/共23頁(yè)andpigs?8.WhydidDenmarkintroducea“belchandmanure”tax?A.boostitstourismthroughnewtaxes.B.improveanimalwelfareonfarms.C.reduceclimatepollutionfromanimalsD.takealeadroleinenvironmentalprotection.9.Whatcanbeinferredaboutthenewtax?A.ItisopposedbymostcitizensinDenmark.B.Itaimstoultimatelyrestorenaturallandscapes.C.Itwillquicklyaddresstheagriculturalpollution.D.IthasdrawninspirationfromtheUnitedStates.10.Whatisthemainideaofparagraph6?A.PraisingDenmark’ssuccessfultaxmeasure.B.ComparingthefoodpoliciesofdifferentcountriesC.Discussingthebenefitsofreducingfarmemissions.D.Explainingthechallengesincuttingfarmemissions.Whatdoesthetextmainlytalkabout?A.Denmark’sgroundbreakingemissiontax.B.HowDenmarkreshapesglobalfarming.C.ThefutureofDenmark’sagriculturalindustry.D.Globalstruggletoreduceagriculturalpollution.【答案】8.C9.B10.DA【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇新聞報(bào)道，主要講述了丹麥為了減少農(nóng)業(yè)產(chǎn)生的氣候污染而引入的創(chuàng)新排放稅，并探討了該稅的背景、目的以及實(shí)施所面臨的挑戰(zhàn)?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“Andagricultureisbecomingitslargestshareofclimatepollution,puttinglawmakersunderintensepublicpressuretoreduceit.Sonow,Denmark’sgovernment,hasagreedtotaxthemethaneemissionsreleasedbyfarmanimals.(農(nóng)業(yè)正在成為氣候污染的最大來(lái)源，這讓立法者面臨著巨大的公眾壓力，要求他們減少污染。所以現(xiàn)在，丹麥政府已經(jīng)同意對(duì)農(nóng)場(chǎng)動(dòng)物排放的甲烷征稅。)”可知，丹麥要征收“打第7頁(yè)/共23頁(yè)嗝和糞便”稅是為了減少動(dòng)物對(duì)氣候的污染。故選C。【9題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“Thetaxispartofalargerpackagedesignedtocleanupthecountry’sagriculturalpollutionandeventuallyrestoresomefarmlandtoitsnaturalform,likepeatlands,whichareexceptionallygoodattrappingplanet-heatinggasesundergroundbutwereemptieddecadesago.(這項(xiàng)稅收是一項(xiàng)更大的計(jì)劃的一部分，該計(jì)劃旨在清理該國(guó)的農(nóng)業(yè)污染，并最終恢復(fù)一些農(nóng)田的自然形態(tài)，比如泥炭地，這些土地特別擅長(zhǎng)將地球加熱的氣體困在地下，但在幾十年前就被清空了。)”可知，新稅的最終目標(biāo)是恢復(fù)自然景觀。故選B?！?0題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第六段“Globally,thefoodsystemaccountsforafourthofgreenhousegases,andreducingthoseemissionsrequiresmakingtoughchoicesondiets,jobsandindustries.Thatmakesfoodaparticularlychallengingclimateproblemtoaddress.(在全球范圍內(nèi)，糧食系統(tǒng)產(chǎn)生了四分之一的溫室氣體，減少這些排放需要在飲食、就業(yè)和工業(yè)方面做出艱難的選擇。這使得食品成為一個(gè)特別具有挑戰(zhàn)性的氣候問(wèn)題。)”可知，第六段主要內(nèi)容是解釋減少農(nóng)業(yè)排放的挑戰(zhàn)。故選D?！绢}詳解】Denmark,knownforitsinventiverestaurantsandelegantdesignstudios,isabouttobecomeknownforsomethingmorebasic:theworld’sfirstbelchandmanuretax.(以創(chuàng)意餐廳和優(yōu)雅設(shè)計(jì)工作室聞名的丹麥，即將以一項(xiàng)更基本的東西而聞名：世界上第一個(gè)打嗝和糞便稅。)”可知，本文主要講的是丹麥即將實(shí)施的“打嗝和糞便稅”，這是世界上首個(gè)針對(duì)農(nóng)場(chǎng)動(dòng)物甲烷排放的稅收，因此主旨是A選項(xiàng)“Denmark’sgroundbreakingemissiontax.(丹麥開(kāi)創(chuàng)性的排放稅。)”。故選A。DNietzsche(尼采)waswrong:Whenyougazelongenoughintotheabyss(深淵),theabyssdoesnotgazebackintoyou.Instead,thecosmicvoid(黑洞)remainssilent,relentlessandfrighteninginitsvastness.Whenlookingatthevastemptinessoftheuniverse,thereisatemptation(誘惑)tolookatourtinyworldwith.feelthatourgreatachievementsamounttonothing.Thatourhistoryfailstoleaveamark.Thatourconcernsandanxietiesarepointless.I’macosmologist,thekindofscientistwhostudiestheorigin,historyandevolutionoftheuniverse.Ihavespentyearsworkingtounderstandwhatcosmicvoidsteachus.Andinthecourseofmystudies,Ihavelearnedtorejectthattemptation.It’struethatEarthisneitherlargenorlong-lived,butthatisonlyonewayofmeasuringsignificance.Comparedwiththecosmicvoids,thereissomethingspecialhappeningonourplanet.Earthisstilltheonly第8頁(yè)/共23頁(yè)knownplaceintheentireuniversewhereconsciousbeingsraisetheircuriouseyestotheskyandwonder.Earthistheonlyknownplacewherehumanscanexist.Itistheonlyknownplacewherelaughter,love,angerandjoyexist.Theonlyknownplacewherewecanfinddance,music,andart.Ourdisagreementsandallthebeautifulcomplexitiesthatmakeushumanaren’tmeaningless.TheexperiencesinourlivesarespecialbecausetheywillneverhappenintheemptyexpanseofmostoftheuniverseThesamelessonsthatcosmicvoidsteachusarefoundinthevoidsweencounterinourownlives.Thepresenceofvoidsguaranteestheopposite;theycreatecontrast;theyarefullofpotential.Thepainwefeelfromlossisthelastreminderofthegiftofalifedeeplyloved.Thesilencebeforeaperformanceisfullofelectricexpectation.Ourchoicetoignorestressfulnewsisnecessarytoallowustofocusonwhattrulymatters.Artistshavelongunderstoodthepowerofthevoid.The12th-centurypoetSaigyonotedthatthepausesbetweenraindropswereasimportantasthedropsthemselves.ThefamedarchitectRemcelebratedtheutilityofnegativespaces,proclaiming,“Wherethereisnothing,everythingispossible.”Theuniversewon’tdoanythingforusexceptgiveusthefreedomtoexist.Itisourjobtofilltheuniversewithmeaningandpurpose.12.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“nihilism”inparagraph2mean?A.Hope.B.Admiration.C.Meaninglessness.D.Purpose13.Whydoestheauthorrejectthetemptation?A.Heisacosmologistwhobelievesscience.B.Earthistheonlyplaceforhumanexperiences.C.Humanexperiencesfromthoseinvoids.D.Earthisspecialbecauseitissmallandshort-lived14.Whatistheauthordoinginparagraph5?A.Explaininghowvoidsinlifemeaning.B.Statingthatvoidsinlifeshouldbeavoided.C.Criticizingtheroleofvoidsinuniverseandlife.D.Arguingvoidsshouldbefiledformoremeaning.15.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthetext?A.clarifyNietzsche’sphilosophy.B.exploretheuniquesignificanceofvoids.C.reportascientificstudyofcosmicvoids.第9頁(yè)/共23頁(yè)D.criticizepassiveviewsonhumanachievements.【答案】12.C13.B14.A15.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇議論文。文章通過(guò)理性論證和感性表達(dá)，探討人類(lèi)存在的意義及其與宇宙的關(guān)系。【12題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線詞后文“feelthatourgreatachievementsamounttonothing.Thatourhistoryfailstoleaveamark.Thatourconcernsandanxietiesarepointless.(感到我們的偉大成就毫無(wú)價(jià)值。我們的歷史沒(méi)有留下痕跡。我們的擔(dān)心和焦慮是毫無(wú)意義的)”可知，和浩瀚無(wú)垠的宇宙相比，我們這個(gè)渺小的世界是無(wú)意義的。由此推知，劃線詞nihilism應(yīng)是“無(wú)意義”之意，和C項(xiàng)意思相近。故選C項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“It’struethatEarthisneitherlargenorlong-lived,butthatisonlyonewayofmeasuringsignificance.Comparedwiththecosmicvoids,thereissomethingspecialhappeningonourplanet.Earthisstilltheonlyknownplaceintheentireuniversewhereconsciousbeingsraisetheircuriouseyestotheskyandwonder.Earthistheonlyknownplacewherehumanscanexist.Itistheonlyknownplacewherelaughter,love,angerandjoyexist.Theonlyknownplacewherewecanfinddance,music,andart.Ourdisagreementsandallthebeautifulcomplexitiesthatmakeushumanaren’tmeaningless.Theexperiencesinourlivesarespecialbecausetheywillneverhappenintheemptyexpanseofmostoftheuniverse.(義的一種方式。與宇宙的空洞相比，我們的星球上發(fā)生了一些特別的事情。地球仍然是整個(gè)宇宙中唯一已知的地方，在那里有意識(shí)的人類(lèi)抬起他們好奇的眼睛仰望天空并感到驚奇。地球是唯一已知的人類(lèi)可以生存的地方。這是我們所知的唯一存在歡笑、愛(ài)、憤怒和喜悅的地方。這里是我們唯一能找到舞蹈、音樂(lè)和藝術(shù)的地方。我們的分歧和所有使我們成為人類(lèi)的美麗的復(fù)雜性并非毫無(wú)意義。我們生命中的經(jīng)歷是特別的，因?yàn)樗鼈冇肋h(yuǎn)不會(huì)發(fā)生在宇宙的大部分空間里)”可知，地球是人類(lèi)唯一能體驗(yàn)的地方，所以作者拒絕這種誘惑。故選B項(xiàng)。【14題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段“Thesamelessonsthatcosmicvoidsteachusarefoundinthevoidsweencounterinourownlives.Thepresenceofvoidsguaranteestheopposite;theycreatecontrast;theyarefullofpotential.Thepainwefeelfromlossisthelastreminderofthegiftofalifedeeplyloved.Thesilencebeforeaperformanceisfullofelectricexpectation.Ourchoicetoignorestressfulnewsisnecessarytoallowustofocusonwhattrulymatters.(宇宙虛空教給我們的同樣道理，也可以在我們自己生活中遇到的虛空中找到?？斩吹拇嬖诒ＷC了相反的結(jié)果；它們創(chuàng)造了對(duì)比；他們充滿(mǎn)了潛力。我們因失去親人而感到的痛苦，是對(duì)深?lèi)?ài)生命的禮物的最后提醒。第10頁(yè)/共23頁(yè)演出前的寂靜中充滿(mǎn)了令人興奮的期待。我們選擇忽略有壓力的新聞是必要的，這樣我們才能專(zhuān)注于真正重要的事情)”可推知，作者在本段解釋生活中的空虛如何帶來(lái)意義。故選A項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Nietzsche(尼采)waswrong:Whenyougazelongenoughintotheabyss(深淵),theabyssdoesnotgazebackintoyou.Instead,thecosmicvoid(黑洞)remainssilent,relentlessandfrighteninginitsvastness.(尼采錯(cuò)了：當(dāng)你凝視深淵的時(shí)間足夠長(zhǎng)時(shí)，深淵不會(huì)回望你。相反，宇宙的虛空在它的浩瀚中保持著沉默、無(wú)情和可怕)”以及縱觀全文可知，本文主要討論了盡管宇宙的虛空和廣闊可能讓人感到渺小和B項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題5分，滿(mǎn)分5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Manypeoplestruggletosay“no”torequestsfromothers,bothintheworkplaceandtheirpersonallives,whichleavesthemfeelingexhausted.Sayingnoisn’talwaysnegative.____16____Decliningthetaskswecan’thandleisanexerciseinself-care.It’saboutrespectingourowntime,energy,andpersonallimits,andbeingrespectedinreturn.It’salsoaboutreducingstressandlearninghowtosetboundaries.However,sayingnoisn’teasyforsomepeople.____17____Forthesepeople,a“softno”canbeagoodstart.Thisinvolvesprovidinganexplanation,withoutbeingoverlyapologetic.Forinstance,“Thankyousomuchforaskingmetoworkonthisproject.Itsoundsreallyinteresting,butIcan’thandlethisrightOvertime,asconfidencegrows,use“hardno”responses.A“hardno”isfirm,clear,andbrief.Forexample,“No,thankyou,”or“Thankyou,butI’mnotavailablethisweek.”Sayingnogetseasierthemorewepractice.____18____However,weshouldonlyacceptrequeststhatmatchwithourpersonalvalues,makeusfeelgood,andforwhichwetrulyhavethetimeandenergy.Perhapsweworryunnecessarilyaboutsayingnotootherpeople.Arecentstudyshowedthatthenegativeconsequencesofdecliningrequestsarelessthanwethink,especiallyinsocialsituations.Furthermore,wetendtooverestimatehowotherswillreacttoourrefusals.____19____Ofcourse,havingdifficultysayingnoisn’tamentalillness.Ifit’sapersistentconcern,however,itmightbeasignofsomethingdeeper.____20____Inthesecases,seekingtreatmentcanallowthepersontodealwithanyunderlyingissues.A.Itcanbeahealthything.第11頁(yè)/共23頁(yè)BItcanbeaskillthatrequiresintentionalpractice.C.Sayingyestoeverythingisapeople-pleasingbehavior.D.Learningtosaynodoesn’tmeanwecan’teversayyes.E.Thisbehaviorcanreveallowself-esteemorpersonalitydisorders.F.Infact,mostreactionsarefarmorepositiveorneutralthanweanticipate.G.mightfearrefusingarequestwillangerourfriends,familyandpeers.【答案】16.A17.B18.D19.F20.E【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要講述了學(xué)會(huì)說(shuō)“不”的重要性，它是一種自我關(guān)懷，需要練習(xí)，并有助于我們?cè)O(shè)定界限。【16題詳解】由上文“Manypeoplestruggletosay“no”torequestsfromothers,bothintheworkplaceandtheirpersonallives,whichleavesthemfeelingexhausted.Sayingnoisn’talwaysnegative.(許多人在工作和生活中都很難對(duì)別人的請(qǐng)求說(shuō)“不”，這讓他們感到筋疲力盡。說(shuō)“不”并不總是壞事。)”可知，本空應(yīng)進(jìn)一步闡述說(shuō)“不”的積極面。A選項(xiàng)“Itcanbeahealthything.()符合題意。故選A。【17題詳解】由上文“However,sayingnoisn’teasyforsomepeople.(然而，對(duì)一些人來(lái)說(shuō)，說(shuō)“不”并不容易。)”和下文“Forthesepeople,a“softno”canbeagoodstart.Thisinvolvesprovidinganexplanation,withoutbeingoverlyapologetic.Forinstance,“Thankyousomuchforaskingmetoworkonthisproject.Itsoundsreallyinteresting,butIcan’thandlethisrightOvertime,asconfidencegrows,use“hardno”responses.A“hardno”isfirm,clear,andbrief.Forexample,“No,thankyou,”or“Thankyou,butI’mnotavailablethisweek.”Sayingnogetseasierthemorewepractice.(越多，說(shuō)“不”就變得越容易。)”可知，上文提出說(shuō)“不”對(duì)一些人來(lái)說(shuō)不容易，下文介紹了說(shuō)“不”的漸進(jìn)的方法，本空應(yīng)提示讀者說(shuō)“不”是一種需要訓(xùn)練的技能。B選項(xiàng)“Itcanbeaskillthatrequiresintentionalpractice.()”為下文提出“softno第12頁(yè)/共23頁(yè)承上啟下，符合題意。故選B。【18題詳解】由下文“However,weshouldonlyacceptrequeststhatmatchwithourpersonalvalues,makeusfeelgood,andforwhichwetrulyhavethetimeandenergy.(然而，我們只應(yīng)該接受符合我們個(gè)人價(jià)值觀、讓我們感覺(jué)良好，并且我們真正有時(shí)間和精力去完成的請(qǐng)求。)”可知，本空應(yīng)引出如何恰當(dāng)?shù)亟邮苷?qǐng)求，強(qiáng)調(diào)學(xué)會(huì)拒絕并不排除接受合適的請(qǐng)求。D選項(xiàng)“Learningtosaynodoesn’tmeanwecan’teversayyes.(學(xué)會(huì)說(shuō)“不”并不意味著我們永遠(yuǎn)不能說(shuō)“是”。)”能引起下文，符合題意。故選D。【19題詳解】由上文“Furthermore,wetendtooverestimatehowotherswillreacttoourrefusals.(對(duì)我們拒絕的反應(yīng)。)”可知，本空應(yīng)進(jìn)一步說(shuō)明實(shí)際情況與我們的預(yù)期有何不同。F選項(xiàng)“Infact,mostreactionsarefarmorepositiveorneutralthanweanticipate.(事實(shí)上，大多數(shù)反應(yīng)遠(yuǎn)比我們預(yù)想的要積極或中立。)”指出了我們預(yù)期的偏差，能承接上文，符合題意。故選F?！?0題詳解】由上文“Ifit’sapersistentconcern,however,itmightbeasignofsomethingdeeper.(然而，如果這是一個(gè)持續(xù)的問(wèn)題，它可能是更深層次問(wèn)題的跡象。)”可知，本空應(yīng)進(jìn)一步解釋這種更深層次的問(wèn)題可能是什么。E選項(xiàng)“Thisbehaviorcanreveallowself-esteemorpersonalitydisorders.(這種行為可能暴露出低自尊或人格障礙。)”指出了持續(xù)難以拒絕他人可能反映出的心理問(wèn)題，能承接上文，符合題意。故選E。第三部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分分）第一節(jié)（共小題；每小題1分，滿(mǎn)分分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的ABCD四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。IwasataconferencewithJackwhenacryformedicalhelpbrokethesilence.Severaltrainedattendeesrushedto____21____awomaninneed.Jackskillfully____22____theaudienceandaskedustodirectourthoughttohealingtheperson.Aquietcalmcameovertheaudience.Therewasafeelingintheroomofsuchcompassionand____23____,whichwasincontrasttothechaoticandstressfulhospitalwhereIworked.Itmadealasting____24____onmymemory.Inthatmoment,Iremindedmyselfthat“l(fā)ifeisnota(n)____25____.”Idecidedtoapproachfuture____26____withthesamepeacefulness.LittledidIknow,afewweekslater,Iwouldbegivenachanceto____27____thatlesson.ItwasaSaturdaylikeanyotheruntilIfoundmyhusband,Ken,collapsedonthefloor,____28____breathing.Myfirstaidtrainingkickedin,andasIcalledforhelp,Ifeltsurprisinglycomposed,recallingthemomentatthe____29____.Atthehospital,welearnedKenhadsufferedaseverestroke(中風(fēng))atjust44.Irealizedourlives第13頁(yè)/共23頁(yè)hadirreversiblychanged.werebeinggivenagreattest.wereaboutto______30______thisunexpectednewchapterinourlives.Fivemonthslater,after______31______theideaofplacingKeninanursinghome,webroughthimhome.Oncestrongandindependent,henowreliedonusforeventhemostbasictasks.Afterformaltherapyended,we______32______thejourneyofhome-styletherapy,usingpatience,creativity,andlotsoflove.Mychildrendisplayedincrediblededicationto______33______theirfather’slife.Overtime,Kenmade______34______progresses.Hecanwalkwithacane,andspeak“Iloveyou”and“thankyou.”Hiscourageinspiresusall.Thoughwewouldn’twishthisjourneyonanyonethroughthestorm,we’vefoundstrength,resilienceandanincrediblesenseofcalmthathasdeeply______35______ourlives.21.A.assistB.observeC.recognizeD.guide22.A.lecturedB.pushedC.quietedD.controlled23.A.noiseB.stillnessC.shockD.strangeness24.A.shockB.smileC.painD.mark25.A.giftB.puzzleC.emergencyD.journey26.A.friendsB.challengesC.patientsD.dreams27.A.testB.forgetC.learnD.teach28.A.deeplyB.calmlyC.barelyD.steadily29.A.hospitalB.upstairsC.ambulanceD.conference30.A.prepareforB.worryaboutC.reflectonD.giveup31.A.consideringB.rejectingC.questioningD.debating32.A.beganB.abandonedC.finishedD.evaluated33.A.liveB.betterC.enjoyD.value34.A.temporaryB.slowC.limitedD.remarkable35.A.disturbedB.burdenedC.transformedD.enriched【答案】21.A22.C23.B24.D25.C26.B27.A28.C29.D30.A31.B32.A33.B34.D35.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇記敘文，文章主要講的是作者在參加一場(chǎng)會(huì)議時(shí)受到Jack的影響，決定以平和的心態(tài)面對(duì)生活中的緊急情況，并在丈夫突發(fā)心臟病時(shí)付諸實(shí)踐，最終丈夫康復(fù)，作者也從中領(lǐng)悟到了“生活不是一場(chǎng)緊急事件”的道理。第14頁(yè)/共23頁(yè)【21題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：幾名訓(xùn)練有素的與會(huì)者沖過(guò)去幫助一位需要幫助的婦女。A.assist幫助；援助；B.observeC.recognizeD.guideIwasataconferencewithJackwhenacryformedicalhelpbrokethesilence.Severaltrainedattendeesrushedto”以及空后“awomaninneed.”可知此處指的是有觀眾呼救，所以工作人員應(yīng)該是沖過(guò)去幫忙，故選A項(xiàng)?！?2題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：杰克巧妙地讓觀眾安靜下來(lái)，并要求我們把注意力轉(zhuǎn)向治愈這個(gè)人。A.lecturedB.pushed推動(dòng)；C.quietedD.controlled控制；統(tǒng)治。根據(jù)空前“IwasataconferencewithJack”以及空后“theaudienceandaskedustodirectourthoughttohealingtheperson.”可知杰克讓觀眾安靜下來(lái)以便集中精力幫助這位女士，故選C項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】考查名詞