Unit1UNIT1ARTInfinitivesasthepredicativeTolearntheusageofinfinitiveaspredicative.Tomakeconversationsusingthepattern.1Perhapsthebest______tounderstandWesternartistolookatthedevelopmentofWesternpaintingoverthecenturies.2DuringtheMiddleAges,the_________ofWesternartwastoteachpeopleaboutChristianity.3Inthiswork,Monet's_____wastoconveythelightandmovementinthescene…4________________________wasnolongershowreality,butinsteadtoaskthequestion,“Whatisart?”waypurposeaimWhattheyattemptedtodoReadthesesentencesandfillintheblanksusingthecorrectwordsfromthetextonpages2and3.Discusswithyourpartnerthefunctionoftheitalicisedinfinitives.1Lookatthesentencesaboveandfillinthetable.主系表…thebestwaytounderstandWesternartistolook…was…,Monet’saim

toteach…wasWhattheyattemptedtodowas…(to)show……,thepurposeofWesternarttoconvey…動(dòng)詞不定式(Infinitives)是重要的非謂語動(dòng)詞形式之一，由“(to)+動(dòng)詞原形”構(gòu)成。動(dòng)詞不定式有動(dòng)詞特征，可與其邏輯主語、賓語、狀語等一起構(gòu)成不定式短語。動(dòng)詞不定式在句中的位置靈活、句法功能豐富，可充當(dāng)謂語以外的幾乎所有句子成分。除學(xué)過的不定式作賓語、賓補(bǔ)、定語、狀語等用法外，不定式在句中還可以用作表語。動(dòng)詞不定式作表語1.當(dāng)句子的主語是不定式時(shí)，系動(dòng)詞后可接不定式作表語，用于解釋主語所描述的行為或說明該行為帶來的結(jié)果。動(dòng)詞不定式作表語時(shí)，不定式多與系動(dòng)詞be連用。e.g.*Togothereatthishourwastoriskone’slife.

*Toaskhimsuchquestionsistoirritatehim.類似用法還包括一些格言警句。e.g.*Toseeistobelieve.

*Tohearistoobey.e.g.*Myambitionistobecomeascientist.*Hishabitistogetupearly.2.當(dāng)不定式作表語時(shí)，能夠擔(dān)當(dāng)句子主語的名詞比較有限，它們大多用于表示某種情形或狀況，包括advice,aim,ambition,custom,business,desire,difficulty,duty,experience,habit,happiness,hope,idea,intention,job,method,plan,principle,problem,purpose,reason,risk,role,task,thing,wish等。有時(shí)，根據(jù)表達(dá)的需要，在作表語的不定式前，還可添加疑問代詞或疑問副詞，包括what,who,how,when,where等。e.g.*Theproblemwashowtobegin.

*Mymainconcernishowtogetthereontime.e.g.*Allhewantedwastobeleftalone.

*TheleastIcanexpectistohavethisdayalltomyself.3.當(dāng)主語包含定語從句且其先行詞為代詞all或形容詞最高級(jí)形式theleast,themost時(shí)，其后可接“系動(dòng)詞+不定式”作動(dòng)詞的表語。4.當(dāng)不定式作表語時(shí)，句子的主語還可以是what引導(dǎo)的主語從句。e.g.WhatIwanttodonowis(to)havearest.【注意】不定式在作表語時(shí)，主語中有do的某種形式時(shí)，作表語的不定式可以省略to。e.g.*Whatyoushoulddonextis(to)helphimwithhisEnglish.

*Theonlythinghecandonowis

(to)giveup

theplan.動(dòng)詞不定式和動(dòng)詞-ing形式都可以充當(dāng)表語e.g.*Hisjobisdeliveringtheletterstotheirdestinations.

*MyjobistolookafterthesisterwhenMomiscooking.不定式表達(dá)是具體或是將來發(fā)生的動(dòng)作動(dòng)詞-ing形式則表示抽象的一般行為。Matchthesentencehalvesandunderlinethenounsorclausesusedasthesubjectineachsentence.1Theyoungsinger’sintentionofperformingthesongwas2Thebestwaytodobusinessis3WhatthesurvivorsattemptedtodowasA.tobuildtrustbetweenyouandyourclient.Btoachievepermanentpeacebetweentheirtwocountries.C.tobuildamemorialtotheheroeswhosavedtheirlives.D.tosharehisloveforrockmusicwithhisfans.adj.永久的;長(zhǎng)久的adj.紀(jì)念的n.紀(jì)念碑;紀(jì)念品24Themainpurposeofarteducationinschoolsis5Theaimofthetwoleadersattheconferencewas6Forahumbleperson,oneofthehardestthingsmightbe7Whenyouarefacedwithaseriousdecision,mysuggestionis8Themother’swishis9AllhewantedafteratiringdaywasBtoachievepermanentpeacebetweentheirtwocountries.E.tobeleftalone.F.tocriticise

otherpeople.G.toinspirestudentstobecreative.H.tolistentoyourowninnervoice.I.toraisehersontobecomeamanwithanoblemindandagenerousheart.v.批評(píng);評(píng)價(jià)adj.謙遜的;虛心的觀察以下句子的主語和標(biāo)紅的關(guān)鍵詞，他們?cè)诒硪馍嫌泻喂残裕?Theyoungsinger’sintentionofperformingthesongwas2Thebestwaytodobusinessis3Whatthesurvivorsattemptedtodowas4Themainpurposeofarteducationinschoolsis5Theaimofthetwoleadersattheconferencewas6Forahumbleperson,oneofthehardestthingsmightbe7Whenyouarefacedwithaseriousdecision,mysuggestionis8Themother’swishis9Allhewantedafteratiringdaywas這些關(guān)鍵詞一般表達(dá)“目的、建議、愿望、做法”等含義，還隱含了“該事件尚未完成或?qū)崿F(xiàn)”的意思。ChoosefivesentencesfromActivity2,andmakesentencesaccordingtoyourself.…’sintentionof(doingsth.)…is/wasto…Thebestwayto…is/wasto…What…attemptedtodowas(to)…Themainpurposeof…is/wasto…Oneofthe…thingsmightbeto……’ssuggestionis/wasto……’swishis/wasto…All(that)…was/isto…Workinpairs.Makeconversationsusingthefollowingquestionsandsentencepatterns.1What'syourbiggestdream/ambitioninlife?2Howareyougoingtomakeyourdreamcometrue?3Howareyougoingtoachieveyourgoal?4Doyouhaveanyplans?5Whatmightbedifficultforyou?6Howareyougoingtodealwith…?3Mybiggestdream/ambitioninlifeisto…IthinkallIhavetodois…Myplanisto…Ithinkoneofthehardestthingsmightbe…Iguessthebestwayto...is…A:What’syourbiggestambitioninlife?B:MybiggestambitioninlifeistorunaninternationalmarathoninBeijing.A:Wow,thatsoundsgreat!Howareyougoingtomakeyourdreamcometrue?B:Ishouldpractise,practise,practiseandnevergiveup!A:Howareyougoingtoachieveyourgoal?Doyouhaveanyplans?B:Yes,myplanistorunmyfirstmarathonintwoyears’time.IthinkallIhavetodoisstartrunningshorterraces,andthengetusedtolongerandlongerraces.A:Whatmightbedifficultforyou?B:Ithinkoneofthehardestthingsmightbetrainingmybodyandmindtoenduresuchalongrace.A:Howareyougoingtodealwiththat?B:Iguessthebestwaytodealwiththatistotrainslowlybutwithgreatfocus,getalotofsupportfromfriendsandfamily,alwaysbepositive,andkeepmylong-termgoalinmind.I.

根據(jù)括號(hào)內(nèi)的漢語提示補(bǔ)全下列句子（用動(dòng)詞不定式作表語）。1.Whenhewasyoung,hisambitionwas__________________________(成為一名成功的畫家).2.Inthemuseummydutyis__________________________(看管展品).3.Herplanis___________________________(去法國(guó)學(xué)習(xí)美術(shù))aftershegraduates.tobecomeasuccessfulpaintertolookaftertheexhibitstogotoFrancetolearnfineart4.Thepurposeofthepaintingexhibitionis_____________________________________(籌錢幫助這些貧窮的孩子).5.Iknowit’sunrealistic,buthishopeis__________________________(獲得獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金).toraisemoneytohelpthesepoorchildrentowinascholarship II.

用括號(hào)內(nèi)動(dòng)詞的正確形式完成下面短文。ArtistJacklynFosterisaslivelyandcharmingasthewonderfulabstractpaintingsshecreates.Jacklyn'svoiceisfullofenthusiasmasshedescribesherwork.“Mypurposeofcreatingworksis1.__________(bring)alotofjoytotheviewers.AndIreallyenjoypaintingeverydayitems,”sheclaimed.Tobrowse(瀏覽)herInstagramis2.__________(go)onajourneythroughajoyouspalette(調(diào)色板)ofbrightcolours,fruits,flowersandfamiliareverydayitemssuchasorangejuicebottlesandsoupcans.tobringtogoAmajorhighlightinJacklyn'scareerwas3.__________(paint)a“Uoo”aspartoftheRoyalChildren'