專題02閱讀理解（說明文）

1.（2024屆?廣西玉林一模）

TariqQaiser,anarchitect,istryingtoprotectmangroves（紅樹林）.ThetreescouldsavePakistan'slargestcity

Karachi,sittingontheArabianSea,fromnaturaldisaster.HecomestoBundalIslandseveraltimesaweekto

documenttheillegalcuttingofmangrovetrees.Veryoften,46Youcan'thearasinglebirdbecausethechainsawsare

soloud.Thetreesarecutdownillegallyforfirewood,9,hesays,shakinghishead.Besides,developersclearthe

mangrovestomakeroomforconstruction.

Karachihasahotclimate,anditsconcretebuildingsandpavedroadsmakeitevenhotter.Offshore,thereare

islandswheremangrovesgrow.Theycouldbethekeytoslowingclimatechange.Mangroveforestspullcarbon

dioxideoutoftheair,holdingfourtimesasmuchoftheplanet-warminggasasotherforestscan.Theysupport

diverseecosystems.Assealevelsrisewithglobalwarming,thetreescouldplayabigroleinprotectingcoastal

citieslikeKarachifromflooding.Karachi5smangrovesaredisappearing.Butitsnumbersarerisinginotherpartsof

Pakistan.Withreplantingefforts,thecountryhastripled（三倍于）itsmangrovecoverageoverthepast30years.

Qaiser'sworkmayhaveworked.Recently,acourtinKarachideclaredBundalIsland'smangrovestobe

protectedforests.Butunforestedpartsoftheislandremainunprotected,anddeveloperswanttobuildthere.City

officialssaythiscouldprovidemuch-neededhousingandbringinbillionsofdollars.Theyclaimthatsomeofthat

moneycouldbeusedtoplantmangrovesinotherpartsofPakistan.

EcologistRafiulHaqappreciatesQaiser's"extraordinarywork“educatingthepublicaboutmangroves.Buthe

wishesQaiserwouldlookatthebiggerpicture.""Only7%ofPakistan'smangrovesareinKarachi,Haqsays.He

thinksifswrongtofbcusonthelossesin7%ofthecountrywhileignoringthesuccessin93%ofit.ButQaiser

believesit'simportanttoprotecteverybit.

1.WhatdoweknowaboutKarachi5smangroves?

A.Theyoccupythebuildingland.B.They'rehometovariousbirds.

C.They'reprimarilybeingusedasfirewood.D.Theyprotectthecityfromclimatecatastrophe.

2.Whyareeffortsmadetoconservethemangrovetrees?

A.Theirbirthplacesmeetcrisis.B.Theyboasthugediversity.

C.Theirbondswithnatureareclose.D.Theygrowatarapidspeed.

3.WhatdoestheKarachigovernmentplantodo?

A.Growmangrovesinotherareas.B.Destroybuildingstogrowmangroves.

C.Buildmoremangrovereserves.D.Usemangrovestomakeprofit.

4.WhatdoesHaqthinkofQaiser5sworkonKarachi5smangroves?

A.Challenging.B.Effective.C.Insignificant.D.Partial.

2.（2024屆?廣西玉林一模）

It'swell-knownthathumorcanbenefitusbothphysicallyandmentally.Theideathatlaughteristhebest

medicinehasbeenaroundsinceancienttimes.Inhis1905book,JokesandTheirRelationtotheUnconscious,

SigmundFreudarguedthathumoristhehighestofthepsyche'sdefensemechanism（機(jī)制）,capableofturning

anxietyintopleasure.

Therearefourhumorstyles.Affiliativehumorreferstojokesaboutthingsthatmightbecommonlyconsidered

funny,whichisusuallyemployedtoimproverelationshipsormakeotherslaugh.Ifyou'veeversharedafunny

picturewithacoworker,you'veusedaffiliativehumor.Self^enhancinghumorinvolvesbeingabletolaughat

yourself,oftenusedasawayforyoutodealwithstressordifficultiesandfeelbetterasaresult.Aggressivehumor

islaughingattheexpenseofothers,whichofteninvolvessarcasm（諷刺），teasing,andcriticism.Self-defeating

humoristheartofputtingyourselfdowntogainfavorfromyourpeers,whichispossiblyusedbysomeonewho's

targetedbybullies.

Eachstyleofhumoractuallycarriesadifferentinfluence,whenitcomestomentalhealth.JulieAitken

Schermer,apsychologicalresearcheratTheUniversityofWesternOntario,sayspeopleusingself-enhancing

humorarelesslikelytoshowsignsoflonelinessandpoorrelationshipswithothers.Bycontrast,bothaggressive

andself-defeatinghumorstylescanhintattrouble.64Wefindthatself-defeatinghumoristhemostconcerningstyle

asitisalsolinkedwithlonelinessandfeelingsofnotmattering.Thosewithanaggressivehumorstylemaynot

experiencelonelinessasmuch,however,sincetheyrelyongroupdynamics（群體動(dòng)力）inordertomakefunof

theirpeers,9,saysSchermer.

Evenifyoutendtofavormorenegativehumorstyles,there5snoreasontoloseheart.Schermersayspeople

candevelopapositive,self-enhancinghumorstylebyconcentratingonthelighterandmorehumorousaspectsof

life.AsauthorKurtVonnegutoncewrote,"'Laughterandtearsarebothresponsestoworriesandanxieties.Iprefer

tolaugh,sincethereislesscleaninguptodoafterward.

5.WhyisSigmundFreud'sbookmentionedinParagraph1?

A.Toshowtheimportanceofmentalhealth.B.Tostresstheroleofhumor.

C.Topersuadepeopletostaypositive.D.Tointroduceancientjokestous.

6.Accordingtothetext,whichkindofhumormayyouusetorelievepressure?

A.Affiliativehumor.B.Self-enhancinghumor.

C.Aggressivehumor.D.Self-defeatinghumor.

7.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“hintat“probablymeaninthethirdparagraph?

A.Signal.B.Explain.C.Prevent.D.Solve.

8.WhichofthefollowingwillKurtVonnegutprobablyagreewith?

A.Humorisdifficulttocontrol.B.Cryingisagoodwayofrelief.

C.Humorisadouble-edgedsword.D.Laughteristhebestcureforstress.

3.（2024屆?廣西北海一模）

ConstructionofProjectNexusisscheduledtobecompletedbytheendof2023.The5-megawattprojectwill

consistofthreesitesalongcanalsincentralCaliforniawithwidthsrangingfrom20feetto100feet.

Ifthepilotprojectprovessolarcanopies（檐篷）areacost-effectivewaytoproducecleanenergyandsave

water,scoresofsimilarinstallationscouldbebuiltatopCalifornia'scanalnetwork-oneoftheworld'slargestwater

distributionsystems.

“Thisisareallyexcitingproject,"CaliforniaNaturalResourcesSecretaryWadeCrowfootsaidlastmonth.44It

connectsoureffortsinCaliforniatoimprovewaterconservationandbuilddroughtresilience（抗旱能力）withthe

cleanenergytransitionwe*redrivingacrossCalifbmia.”

ProjectNexuswasinspiredbya2021studybyUniversityofCaliforniaresearchersthatwaspublishedinthe

journalNatureSustainability.Typically,l%to2%ofthewaterthatcirculatesthroughCalifornia'scanals

evaporates（蒸發(fā)），anumberthatisexpectedtoincreaseduetotheclimatecrisis.

Usingdatafromsatellites,climatemodels,andautomatedweatherstations,thepeer-reviewedstudyestimated

thatcoveringalloftheapproximately4,000milesofCalifornia^canalscouldextremelyreduceevaporation,

saving63billiongallonsofwaterannually-comparabletotheamountofwaterrequiredtoirrigate50,000acres

offarmlandormeetthewaterneedsofmorethan2millionpeople.

GovernorGavinNewsonhasallocatedadditionalfundstohelplocalcommunitiescopewithwaterscarcity

andencourageCalifornianstouselesswater.""Researchandcommonsensetellusthatinanageofintensifying

drought,it*stimetoputalidonevaporation,9,saidJordanHarris,CEOofSolarAquaGrid,thecompanythatis

buildingthesolarcanopies.

Thestudyfoundsolarcanalswouldbeabletogenerate13gigawattsofcleanpower,equaltoapproximately

one-sixthofthestate'scurrentinstalledsolarcapacity.ThisadditionalgenerationcouldhelpCaliforniaachieveits

goalofsupplyingatleast60%ofitselectricityfromrenewablesourcesby2030and100%by2045.

9.WhatisthepurposeofProjectNexus?

A.ToenlargethecanalnetworkthroughoutCalifornia.

B.Toimprovethequalityofwaterusedbylocalpeople.

C.ToproduceasmuchpoweraspossibleforCalifornia.

D.TohelppreserveCalifornia'sdecliningwaterresources.

10.WheredidtheinspirationofProjectNexuscomefrom?

A.Astudypublishedinamagazine.B.Acleanwaterdistributionsystem.

C.Apeer-reviewedstudyevaluation.D.Asuddenthoughtoftheresearchers.

11.HowdoestheauthorshowthebenefitbroughtbyProjectNexus?

A.Bymakingacomparison.B.Bylistingscientificdata.

C.Byclarifyingtheprocess.D.Byexplainingthereasons.

12.Whatisthemainideaofthetext?

A.Climatechangehasagreateffectonthewaterconservation.

B.LargeamountsofcleanwaterwereproducedbyProjectNexus.

C.ProjectNexusisthefirst-eversolarpaneldevelopmentintheworld.

D.Californios“solarcanals"willsavewaterandproducecleanenergy.

4.（2024屆?甘肅白銀一模）

Denmarkretiredafterpracticingmedicinefor73yearsandthenvolunteeredherservicesuntilshecouldn't

anymore.Shediedattheageof114.

Imetherbyphonewhenthepediatrician（JL科醫(yī)生）couldn'tfigureoutwhatwaswrongwithmybaby.On

thephone,shetalkedwithmeformorethan30minutes.Itookheradvice,andmybabywasbetterabout10days

later.Sheneverchargedme.

“Youkeepondoingwhatyoudobestaslongasyoucan,^^shewasfamousforthewords.Anditturnedouther

adviceaboutactivelyhelpingotherswasasgoodashermedicaladvice.

Obviously,wecan'tallliveaslongasDr.Denmark.Butrecentresearchhasshownthatvolunteeringprovides

alongevityboostsimilartotheeffectsofaddingmultipleservingsoffruitsandvegetablestoyourdailydiet.

Specifically,olderadultswhovolunteerareat24percentlessriskofearlydeath.Thepositiveimpactofgivingand

volunteeringonolderpeoplegoesbeyondthat.Accordingtotheresearch,adultsover55whogivetheirtimefor

othershaveaneasiertimewitheverydaytasks.Besides,volunteersexperience250percentlesscognitivedecline

leadingtodementia（癡呆）.

AccordingtoanewstudyintheJournalofHappinessStudies,peoplewhovolunteerreporthigherlevelsof

happinessandlifesatisfaction.Thestudytookitasecondstepandfollowedpeoplewhobegan

volunteering-monitoringtheirresponsesfromthetimetheystartedvolunteering.Thelongertheyvolunteeredand

themoretheyvolunteered,thegreaterlevelofhappinesstheyreported.

Youmayalreadybevolunteeringyourtime.Butifyou'renot,considerthecharitiesyousupport.Thinkabout

theskillsyoumightbeabletoofferthem.Youarelikelytobegladaboutwhatyoudo.

13.WhatcanweinferaboutDenmark?

A.Sheretiredattheageof73.B.Shevolunteeredfor73years.

C.Shewaspatientandprofessional.D.Sheonceforgettochargetheauthor.

14.Howmanybenefitsofvolunteeringarementionedinparagraph4?

A.1.B.2.C.3.D.4.

15.Whatdoestheauthortrytodointhelastparagraph?

A.Seeksupport.B.Adviseaboutsharpeningskills.

C.Offersolutions.D.Encouragepeopletovolunteer.

16.Whafsthetextmainlyabout?

A.Thekindnessofadoctor.B.Thebenefitsofvolunteering.

C.Theprocessofbeingavolunteer.D.Thestruggleofchild-raising.

5.（2024屆?甘肅白銀一模）

ChinahasbuiltinKunmingCity,YunnanProvince,theGermplasm（種質(zhì)）BankofWildSpecies,a

comprehensivenationaldatabaseforthecollectionandpreservationofwildlifegermplasmresources.Asoftheend

of2020,thebankpreserved85,046copiesof10,601wildplantseedsforprotectingwildlifegermplasmresources.

Preservingdriedandfrozenseeds,thebankprovidestechnologicalsupportfortheprotectionandresearch,makes

useofChina'swildlifegermplasmresources,andplaysamajorpartininternationalbiodiversityconservation.

Theimportanceofscienceandtechnologyforbiodiversityconservationisincreasinglyobvious.Whenremote

sensormonitoringwasnotavailable,agriculturaltechnicianshadnochoicebuttogoforfieldstudies,whichcould

barelymeettheneedforlarge-scale,fastandnondestructive（非破壞性的）monitoringofcropconditionsand

timelypreventionandcontrolofdiseasesandpests.Nowadays,remotesensormonitoringhasbeenappliedin

agriculturalproductioninChina,allowingagriculturaltechnicianstoanalyzethemovementsofinsectpestsand

evaluateplantdiseasesandinsectpestsbymonitoringremotelythevegetationgrowth,coverage,surface

temperature,humidityandotherindicators.

IntheInternetera,informationtechnologyhasmadetheprocessingofmassivedatapossibleandcreatedwider

andmoreconvenientplatformsforbiodiversityconservationinChina,includingChineseVirtualHerbarium,Plant

PhotoBankofChina,andNationalAnimalCollectionResourceCenter.Theemergenceofdatabasesanddigital

programsinrecentyearsisdrivingChinatoturnarounditsseriouslythreatenedbiodiversity.

Fromthecollectionandstorageofinformationtothemanagementandanalysisofresources,theconstantly

improvingbiodiversityinformationnetworkhasrealizedtheexplorationanduseofmassivebiodiversitydata,

providingasolidfoundationforChina'sbiodiversityconservationandresearch.Biodiversityconservationand

scienceandtechnologyareinextricable.Onlybymakingscienceandtechnologyastrongsupportforbiodiversity

conservationcanhumankindguardtheEarthandbuildabeautifulworldofharmonyamongallbeingsonthe

planet.

17.Whatcanwelearnaboutthebankfromparagraph1?

A.Itscrisis.B.Itsadministration.C.Itsrole.D.Itsstaff.

18.Whatdoresearchershardlyneedtodowiththehelpofremotesensormonitoring?

A.Evaluateplantdiseasesandinsectpests.

B.Gotofieldstocontroltheplantdiseases.

C.Analyzethetracksofthepestsofplants.

D.Satisfytheneedtomonitorcropconditions.

19.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"inextricable“inthelastparagraphprobablymean?

A.Linked.B.Competitive.C.Inadequate.D.Inessential.

20.Whichcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?

A.TheGermplasmBankofWildSpeciesDevelopsFast

B.TechnologiesPromoteChineseBiodiversityProtection

C.ChinaHasMadeGreatEffortstoProcessMassiveData

D.InformationTechnologyContributesMuchtoManyFields

6.（2024屆?甘肅張掖一模）

Therewasatimewhenthesolarindustrywasconsidereddeadmoney.Itwastooexpensive,tooinefficient,

andtooinconsistenttobeagoodalternativeenergysourceforanything,letaloneyourhomeoroffice.

Butthosedaysarelonggone.Today,solarenergyrepresentsthefutureofourplanefsenergyneedsbecause

ifscheap,efficient,consistent,andmostimportantly,clean.

Solarenergycostshavedroppedbymorethan70%overthepast10years,andsolarenergyisnowcheaper

thanfossilfuelsinmostpartsoftheUnitedStates.Letthatsinkinforamoment.

Betteryet,thedriversofthesecostdeclines-economiesofscaleandtechnologicalimprovementspoweredby

Moore'sLawandWrighfsLaw-arelasting,andtherefore,solarenergyisgoingtogetevencheaper.Indeed,these

forcesaresopowerfulinthesolarindustrythattheyhavetheirownlaw-Swanson'sLaw-whichstatesthattheprice

ofsolarmodules（組件）decreasesbyabout20%foreverydoublinginglobalsolarcapacity.

Forwhatit'sworth,theUSDepartmentofEnergybelievessolarcostscanandwillfallbyanother60%in

2030.So,solarenergyisthecheapestwaytopowerthingstoday.

Meanwhile,solarpanelshavebecomeveryefficientatturninglightfromthesunintousableenergy.Backin

1992,researchersattheUniversityofSouthFloridacreatedathin-filmsolarcellwith15.9%efficiency——andthat

wasconsideredabreakthroughatthetime.Thesedays,though,youraveragesilicon（硅）solarcellssportefficiency

ratesabove20%.Thafsstandard.Andmanufacturershavecreatedprototypes（原型機(jī)）thataregetting30%

efficiency,whilesomeresearcheffortshaveevenmanagedtoachievenear50%efficiencyincertainlabtests.

Atthesametime,thesesolarsystemshavebecomedramaticallymoreconsistent.Oneofthebiggest

disadvantagesforsolarenergyintheearly2000swasitsintermittency（間歇'性）一thesundoesn,tshineeveryday,

sowhatdoyoudowhenit'scloudy?Well,thafswhybigbatteriesexist.

21.Whatcanwelearnfromparagraph4?

A.Theworldwidepopularityofsolarenergy.

B.Therapidincreaseinglobalsolarcapacity.

C.ThecontentsofMoore'sLawandWright'sLaw.

D.Thecontributorstothedeclineinsolarenergycosts.

22.Whatisthepurposeofthefiguresinparagraph6?

A.Toindicatethevarietyofsolarcells.

B.Toprovethewideuseofsolarcells.

C.Toshowtheimprovementofsolarcells.

D.Tocomparethesizeofdifferentsolarcells.

23.Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardsthefutureofthesolarindustry?

A.Positive.B.Doubtful.C.Uncaring.D.Worried.

24.Whatismostlikelytobetalkedaboutnext?

A.Thewideuseofsolarpower.B.Thealternativetosolarpower.

C.Thedisadvantageofsolarpower.D.Thestorageofsolarpower.

7.（2024屆?江西景德鎮(zhèn)?統(tǒng)考一模）

Itturnsoutourplantsarejustlikeusinsomeways.Weturntomedicinestorelieveaminorfluorheadache,

andplantstoohavetheirwaysofself-medicating.Theyprotectthemselvesfromenvironmentalhazardslikeinsects,

droughtandheatbyproducingsalicylicacid（水楊酸）.Itisresponsiblefortheanti-inflammatoryactionofaspirin,

adrugwhichhasbeenusedbyhumansforcenturiestocounterpainandinflammation.

Researchershavefoundthatplants5salicylicacid,whichisproducedinchloroplasts（口+綠體），isusually

generatedinresponsetothestresscausedbyclimatechange.6tIfslikeplantsuseapainkillerforachesandpains,

justlikewedo,“saidplantbiologistWilhelminavandevenfromtheUniversityofCalifornia,River-side（U.

C.R）

"We'dliketobeabletousethefindingtoimprovecropresistance（作物抗性）saidU.C.R.plantgeneticist

Jin-ZhengWang."Thatwillbecrucialforthefoodsupplyinourincreasinglyhot,brightworld.,,

HumanskinproducesROS（Reactiveoxygenspecies）（活性氧）intheabsenceofsunscreen.Thiscauses

frecklesandburns.Similarly,environmentalstressesresultintheformationofROSinplantswhich,athighlevels,

cancausedeath.

Atlowlevels,however,ROSservesanessentialfunctioninplantcells."ROSisadouble-edgedsword,“said

Wang."Atnon-lethallevels,ROSarelikeanemergencycalltoaction,enablingtheproductionofprotective

hormones（激素）suchassalicylicacid.^^Theacidthenactstoprotecttheplants'chloroplasts,knowntobethesite

ofphotosynthesis.

“Withclimatechange,thingslikesalicylicacid:helpingplantsstanduptostresseshavebecomemore

common.So,beingabletoincreaseplants'abilitytoproduceitrepresentsastepforwardinchallengingtheimpacts

ofclimatechangeoneverydaysaidKatayoonDehesh,UCRprofessorofmolecularbiochemistry.

“Thoseimpactsgobeyondourfood.Plantsbeingintroubleareasignofwhatthefutureholdsforus,“she

continued.'"Plantscleanourairbyremovingthecarbondioxidefromitwhilealsoofferingusshade,andproviding

habitatsfornumerousanimals.Forhumankind,thebenefitsofboostingplants5abilitytosurvivearebecoming

increasinglyessential.^^

25.Whatisthemainfunctionofsalicylicacidinplants?

A.Tosecureplants.B.Toproducechloroplasts.

C.Torelievepainandinflammation.D.Togeneratehormones.

26.WhatisthemaincauseofROSformationinplants?

A.Lackofsunscreen.B.Chloroplasticacid.

C.Environmentalstresses.D.UseofPhotosynthesis.

27.WhatisthemaingoaloftheresearchersatUCR?

A.Toexplorethehistoryandsignificanceofaspirininhumanmedicine.

B.Toinventadevicethatcanmakeplantsdoself-medicating.

C.Tocomparethedifferencesbetweenplantsandhumansinself-medicating.

D.Toimprovecropresistancebyincreasingplants9abilitytoproducesalicylicacid.

28.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?

A.Plantscanbeimprovedtoresistenvironmentalhazards.

B.Plantsproducetheirownaspirintocopewithstress.

C.Plantsandhumanssharesomecommonfeaturesandneeds.

D.Plantscontributetothewell-beingofhumansandanimals.

8.（2024屆?江西萍鄉(xiāng)一模）

Somepeoplegetmoreaversetoriskastheyearsgoby.NotsoGailMacCallum,whoatage40quitasecure

jobandleftthecitytoexploremorepossibilitiesoflife.

MacCallummovedquiteabitinchildhoodandspentherformativeyearsoutsideCanberrainafarmhouse

withoutelectricity,wheresheenjoyedthefreedomofthenaturalworld.Inherteens,sheandherfamilymovedinto

theheartofinner-citySydney,andshefoundsheadoredthattoo.

In2015,MacCallumandherthenpartnerhadadaughter,Amelia.Theywantedtomakesurethatdespitebeing

acitykid,Ameliahadplentyofnaturalencounterssotheysoughtoutplacestoclimbtrees,watchlizardsandspot

turtles.ButonedayMacCallumrealisedherlittlegirlwasmoreateasewithbusystreetsthanbushland."Whenshe

wasaboutseven,wewerevisitingafriendwhoseplacehadabeautifullawn.Ameliacalledouttomeandsaid,41

can'tgointothewild!'Wedecidedwehadtoletherexperienceawiderworldandtwomonthslaterwewereina

campervanheadingoffaroundAustralia.^^

MacCallumadmitsshefeltworried.6CIthoughtwe'dneedtoknowsomebasicthingsbutthetripwaslikea

leapinthedark.9,Asithappened,thevanthey'dboughtbrokedownjust90minutesintothetrip.Butafterrepairs

theysetoffagainandtravelledthecountryforsixmonths,duringwhichAmeliabecameanenthusiasticadventurer.

“Thattriphelpedmeunderstandthatsuccessdoesn'thavetobeassured,MacCallumsays.6<Irealisedthatyoucan

startsomethingandjustworkitoutasyougoalong.^^

29.Whatdoestheunderlinedwordinparagraph1mean?

A.Motivated.B.Confident.C.Unwilling.D.Regretful.

30.WhatdoweknowaboutMacCallum?

A.Sheisapersoninfavorofstability.

B.Shepreferredtheinnercitytotheruralarea.

C.Herlovefornaturewasrootedinherchildhood.

D.Sheknewmuchaboutlong-distancetravelling.

31.Whatcanbeinferredfromparagraph3?

A.Ameliawasraisedinacasualway.

B.Ameliawasanatureenthusiastjustlikeherparents.

C.MacCallumandherpartnerplannedthetripseparately.

D.MacCallumexpectedherdaughtertobeclosetonature.

32.Whichwordscanbestdescribetheirtrip?

A.Costlybutsatisfying.B.Eventfulbuteducational.

C.Boringbutmeaningful.D.Difficultbutromantic.

9.（2024屆?江西萍鄉(xiāng)一模）

Latenights,earlystarts,nightmares,anxiety,children...therearesomanythingsthatcancutintoourshut-eye.

Whendoesthatthreatenourhealth——andwhatcanwedoaboutit?

Tostartwiththebasics:ifyouaregettinganywherefromseventoninehoursanight,you'reprobablyfine.

Butyoushouldcertainlygetconcernedwithconsistentlysleepinglessthansevenhoursanight,andreally

concernedifitdroppedtosixorbelow."Ifyouarewakingupalotinthenight,thiswillimpactthequantityand

qualityofyoursleep,whichcanleadtoharminyourimmunesystem,impairmentingut（腸道）healthandmany

otherside-effects,saysChristopherBarker,apersonaltrainerandsleepmanagementadviser."Itmaybean

indicatorofasleepdisorderoranotherunderlyinghealthcondition-ifyou'reconcernedaboutanyoftheseissues,

ifsworthtalkingtoyourdoctor.

SowhatisyourbestbetforcatchingsomequalityZs?Well,startduringtheday.Trytoexposeyourselfto

sunlightduringthedaytokeepyourcircadianrhythmsontrack.Physicalactivitycanalsohelp:sleepandexercise

haveabidirectionalrelationship.Ina2022poll,participantswhoundertookvigorousphysicalactivitytendedto

fallasleepfaster,wokeuplessduringthenightandwokeupfeelingrefreshed,comparedwithnon-exercisers.

Whenit'stimeforbed,makesureyouturninatareasonablyconsistenthour,andkeepyoursleephygienein

shape."Youshouldtrytokeepyourweekendroutinewithinonetotwohoursofyourweekdayone,andkeepthem

highlyconsistent,9,saysBarker.<6Fdalsosuggestkeepingyourbedroomfreeofelectronics,andkeepitcooland

dark.Ioftenworkwithathletes,andoneofthefirstthingsIaskthemtodoisactivatetheirdevices9nightmode,

whichcutsdownontheemissionofbluelightthatcanimpedesleep.Ideally,stayoffallofyourdevicesforanhour

beforebed.^^

Oh,andtakingadeepbreathreallycanwork:thereisevidencethatitactivatesyourparasympatheticnervous

system（副交感神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)）andwindsyoudown.

33.Whydoestheauthormention“somanythings^^inthefirstparagraph?

A.Tointroducethetopic.B.Tomakecomparisons.

C.Tosupporthis/herargument.D.Toseekopinions.

34.Whatmaybeanindicatorofasleepdisorder?

A.Deepbreath.B.Gutdiscomfort.

C.Sufficientbedtime.D.Sleepconsistency.

35.HowcanwegetqualityZs?

A.Exerciseregularly.B.Workwithathletes.

C.Keepweekendsbusy.D.Activatedigitaldevices.

36.Whafsthetextmainlyabout?

A.Stressfromapoorsleep.

B.Trendofsleepinglessatnight.

C.Badhabitsthatthreatenourhealth.

D.Waystogetaconsistentgoodsleep.

10.（2024屆?江西萍鄉(xiāng)一模）

Imagineyou'reoutforaneveningstrollinaforeigncity,lookingtofindarestaurantfordinner.Ifyou'relike

mostpeople,youwilllookforthebusiestrestaurantwiththemostdinersbecauseitspopularityisboundtoreflect

onthequalityoffoodandservice.Butisthistrue?

Naturallycopyingotherpeople'sthoughtsorchoicesorsimplygoingwiththecrowdisoftenreferredtoas

“herdbehaviour”.Itisafrequentoccurrenceamonghumansaswellasmanyotheranimals,acommonexample

beingsheep.Herdingcanappeartomakealotofsense.Afterall,there's""safetyinnumbers”.

Psychologyresearchsuggeststhatthephenomenonrelieso