2024年河北省中職對(duì)口升學(xué)英語真題答案第一部分英語知識(shí)運(yùn)用第一節(jié)語音知識(shí)：從A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中找出其劃線部分與其他單詞劃線部分讀音不相同的選項(xiàng)。（共5分，每小題1分）從A、B、C、D中找出劃線部分發(fā)音不同的項(xiàng)。1.A.health B.break C.death D.headache2A.suffer B.flu C.current D.Plus3.A.calculation B.formulation C.equation D.location4.A.apply B.athlete C.actor D.action5.A.trouble B.outbreak C.house D.doubt【答案】1.B2.B3.C4.A5.A【解析】【1題詳解】考查元音字母組合的發(fā)音。A.health/helθ/；B.break/bre?k/；C.death/deθ/；D.headache/?hede?k/。結(jié)合單詞音標(biāo)可知，B項(xiàng)劃線部分發(fā)音是/e?/，其余各項(xiàng)劃線部分發(fā)音都是/e/。故選B。【2題詳解】考查元音字母的發(fā)音。A.suffer/?s?f?(r)/；B.flu/flu?/；C.current/?k?r?nt/；D.plus/pl?s/。結(jié)合單詞音標(biāo)可知，B項(xiàng)劃線部分發(fā)音是/u?/，其余各項(xiàng)劃線部分發(fā)音都是/?/。故選B。【3題詳解】考查元音字母輔音字母組合的發(fā)音。A.calculation/k?lkju?le??n/；B.formulation/?f??mju?le??n/；C.equation/??kwe??n/；D.location/l???ke??n/。結(jié)合單詞音標(biāo)可知，C項(xiàng)劃線部分發(fā)音是/?(?)n/，其余各項(xiàng)劃線部分發(fā)音都是/?n/。故選C?！?題詳解】考查元音字母的發(fā)音。A.apply/??pla?/；B.athlete/??θli?t/；C.actor/??kt?(r)/；D.action/??k?(?)n/。結(jié)合單詞音標(biāo)可知，A項(xiàng)劃線部分發(fā)音是/?/，其余各項(xiàng)劃線部分發(fā)音都是/?/。故選A。【5題詳解】考查元音字母組合的發(fā)音。A.trouble/?tr?b(?)l/；B.outbreak/?a?tbre?k/；C.house/ha?s/；D.doubt/da?t/。結(jié)合單詞音標(biāo)可知，A項(xiàng)劃線部分發(fā)音是/?/，其余各項(xiàng)劃線部分發(fā)音都是/a?/。故選A。第二節(jié)詞匯與語法知識(shí):從A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處最佳選項(xiàng)。6ManypeopleinAfricaarenowsuffering________hungeranddiseases.A.By B.from C.to D.of【答案】B【解析】【詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語和介詞辨析。句意：非洲很多人現(xiàn)在正遭受饑餓和疾病的折磨。A..By通過；B.from來自；C.to朝著；D.of的；“sufferfrom”固定搭配，表示“經(jīng)受，遭受”。故選B。7.Hecameintotheroomquietlytoavoid________bytheothers.A.tosee B.tobeseen C.beingseen D.seeing【答案】C【解析】【詳解】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：他悄悄地走進(jìn)房間，以免被其他人看到。avoid

doing避免做某事，固定動(dòng)詞短語。根據(jù)句意可知，“他不想被其他人看到”，所給動(dòng)詞see與其邏輯主語he之間構(gòu)成被動(dòng)關(guān)系，空處要用avoid

doing的被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)“avoidbeingdone”，即beingseen。故選C。8.Anepidemic________inthesmallvillagefortyyearsago.A.happen B.brokeout C.occur D.wastakenplace【答案】B【解析】【詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：四十年前，這個(gè)小村莊爆發(fā)了一場流行病。A.happen發(fā)生（動(dòng)詞原形）；B.brokeout爆發(fā)（過去式）；C.occur發(fā)生（動(dòng)詞原形）；D.wastakenplace錯(cuò)誤選項(xiàng)（takeplace發(fā)生，無被動(dòng)語態(tài)）。根據(jù)“fortyyearsago”可知，動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過去，應(yīng)用一般過去時(shí)，動(dòng)詞用過去式。故選B。9.Theoldmangotillagain,buthe________backintothehospital.A.refusedtogo B.reluctanttogo C.gladtogo D.refusedgoing【答案】A【解析】【詳解】考查謂語和非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：老人又病了，但他拒絕回醫(yī)院。A.refusedtogo拒絕去，動(dòng)詞短語；B.reluctanttogo不情愿去，形容詞短語；C.gladtogo樂意去，形容詞短語；D.refusedgoing語法錯(cuò)誤。分析句子可知，“but”連接的并列句中缺少謂語動(dòng)詞，應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞短語refusetogo。故選A。10.Trytoprotectyourskin________bythesun.A.fromburnt B.frombeingburntC.awayfromburning D.awayfromburnt【答案】B【解析】【詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語和動(dòng)名詞的被動(dòng)形式。句意：盡量保護(hù)你的皮膚免受太陽灼傷。短語protect...from...，意為“保護(hù)……免受……”，排除選項(xiàng)C和D；“skin”和動(dòng)作“灼傷”之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故應(yīng)用動(dòng)名詞的被動(dòng)形式作介詞“from”的賓語，其結(jié)構(gòu)為“being+過去分詞”。故選B。11.TheNationalBroadcastingCompanyiscalledNBC________.A.simply B.abbreviation C.forshort D.shorter【答案】C【解析】【詳解】考查介詞短語。句意：國家廣播公司被簡稱為NBC。A.simply簡單地；B.abbreviation縮寫；C.forshort作為簡稱；D.shorter更短的。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處需要一個(gè)表達(dá)“簡稱”意思的短語來作狀語，對(duì)句子進(jìn)行補(bǔ)充說明，應(yīng)用介詞短語“forshort”。故選C。12.Thenurse________hispainbygivinghimacoolingdrink.A.torelieve B.relieved C.stopping D.throw【答案】B【解析】【詳解】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。句意：護(hù)士給了他冷飲來緩解疼痛。A.torelieve緩解，動(dòng)詞不定式；B.relieved緩解，過去式；C.stopping停止，現(xiàn)在分詞或動(dòng)名詞；D.throw扔，動(dòng)詞。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)和句意可知，空處需用動(dòng)詞作謂語，且句子描述的是過去發(fā)生的事情，應(yīng)用一般過去時(shí)，relieve的過去式是relieved，表示“緩解”。故選B。13.Hisbraveaction________aseriousaccidentinthestreet.A.prevented B.protected C.help D.stop【答案】A【解析】【詳解】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。句意：他的勇敢行為避免了街上發(fā)生嚴(yán)重事故。A.prevented避免；B.protected保護(hù)；C.help幫助；D.stop停止。根據(jù)句意可知，此句陳述的是已發(fā)生的事實(shí)，要用一般過去時(shí)，句意是“他的勇敢行為避免了事故的發(fā)生”，“阻止，避免”要用動(dòng)詞“prevented”。故選A。14.Mywashingmachineisoutoforderand________.A.needstoberepairing B.needsbeingrepaired C.needsrepaired D.needsrepairing【答案】D【解析】【詳解】考查動(dòng)詞。句意：我的洗衣機(jī)壞了，需要修理。當(dāng)“need”作實(shí)義動(dòng)詞時(shí)，如果主語是物，通常使用“needdoingsth.”或者“needtobedone”的結(jié)構(gòu)，表示“某物需要被做某事”。故選D。15.Theforestwas________bythefire.A.helped B.destroyed C.improved D.damage【答案】B【解析】【詳解】考查動(dòng)詞辨析及被動(dòng)語態(tài)。句意：森林被大火燒毀了。A.helped幫助；B.destroyed摧毀；C.improved改善；D.damage損害。分析句意可知，“森林是被大火破壞掉了”，主語“森林”與所給謂語動(dòng)詞之間存在被動(dòng)關(guān)系，要用被動(dòng)語態(tài)（be+動(dòng)詞過去分詞），“毀壞、摧毀”要用“destroyed”，和“was”構(gòu)成一般過去時(shí)被動(dòng)語態(tài)。故選B。16.Itishightimethatwethatyou________upyourmind.A.make B.made C.making D.tomake【答案】B【解析】【詳解】考查虛擬語氣。句意：該是我們讓你下定決心的時(shí)候了。“Itishightimethat...”表示“是……的時(shí)候了”，從句中謂語動(dòng)詞要用虛擬語氣，其謂語動(dòng)詞詞形為“動(dòng)詞過去式或should+動(dòng)詞原形”。故選B。17.Thereis________onthefrontpageoftoday’spaper.A.somethingimportant B.importantsomethingC.anythingimportant D.importantanything【答案】A【解析】【詳解】考查不定代詞和形容詞位置。句意：今天的報(bào)紙頭版有重要的事情。在英語中，當(dāng)形容詞修飾不定代詞時(shí)，形容詞應(yīng)置于不定代詞之后。另外，something意為“某事；某物”，常用于肯定的陳述句中；anything意為“某事；某物”，常用于否定句和疑問句中。本句為陳述的肯定句，因此應(yīng)使用something。故選A。18.Scientistshave________thatworld’spopulationwilldoublebytheendofthecentury.A.counted B.worked C.calculated D.resulted【答案】C【解析】【詳解】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。句意：科學(xué)家們已經(jīng)計(jì)算出世界人口到本世紀(jì)末將翻一番。A.counted數(shù)數(shù)（對(duì)已有的、確切的事物進(jìn)行數(shù)量統(tǒng)計(jì)）；B.worked工作、運(yùn)作；C.calculated核算、推測（側(cè)重推算、預(yù)估）；D.resulted結(jié)果是（用于描述某個(gè)動(dòng)作或事件所產(chǎn)生的結(jié)果）。根據(jù)句意可知，是科學(xué)家根據(jù)現(xiàn)有的各種數(shù)據(jù)（如出生率、死亡率、人口增長率等）進(jìn)行復(fù)雜的計(jì)算和推測，從而得出世界人口到本世紀(jì)末將翻倍的結(jié)論，“calculated”符合題意。故選C。19.Theymovedtoanothercityseveralyearslater,________,in1990.A.inanotherwords B.thatistosay C.but D.someonesay【答案】B【解析】【詳解】考查插入語。句意：幾年后他們搬到了另一個(gè)城市，也就是說，在1990年。A.inanotherwords錯(cuò)誤表達(dá)；B.thatistosay也就是說（用于進(jìn)一步解釋說明）；C.but但是（表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系）；D.someonesay錯(cuò)誤表達(dá)。根據(jù)前后句意可知，他們幾年后搬到另一個(gè)城市，后面補(bǔ)充說明是在1990年，這是一種解釋說明的關(guān)系，所以用thatistosay。故選B。20.Twelve________fourisforty-eight.A.times B.time C.timedby D.multiple【答案】A【解析】【詳解】考查動(dòng)詞辨析和主謂一致。句意：十二乘以四等于四十八。A.times乘以，第三人稱單數(shù)形式；B.time乘以，動(dòng)詞原形；C.timedby語法錯(cuò)誤；D.multiple倍數(shù)，名詞。分析句子可知，主語從句“Twelve...four”缺少謂語動(dòng)詞，從句主語“twelve”是數(shù)字，視作整體，謂語動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用單數(shù)。故選A。21.Healwaysmanaged________whathewants.A.getting B.get C.toobtain D.obtaining【答案】C【解析】【詳解】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：他總是設(shè)法得到他想要的東西。

managetodosth“設(shè)法做某事”，是固定短語。故選C。22.Thearrowonasign________thewaytogo.A.gives B.tell C.indicates D.show【答案】C【解析】【詳解】考查主謂一致和動(dòng)詞辨析。句意：路標(biāo)上的箭頭指示要走的方向。A.gives給予；B.tell告訴；C.indicates表明，指示；D.show展示。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，設(shè)空處作謂語，主語是Thearrow，第三人稱單數(shù)，謂語動(dòng)詞也要用單三形式；此處表示路標(biāo)上的箭頭“指示”要走的路。indicatetheway表示“指示方向”。故選C。23.Shecanseeoverthewallbecauseofher________.A.high B.weight C.heavy D.height【答案】D【解析】【詳解】考查形容詞名詞辨析。句意：由于個(gè)子高，她能看到墻那邊。A.high高的（形容詞）；B.weight重量（名詞）；C.heavy重的（形容詞）；D.height身高（名詞）。根據(jù)“Shecanseeoverthewall”可知，能看到墻那邊是因?yàn)樯砀?，且“her”后應(yīng)是名詞。故選D。24.Her________hasincreasedto80kilos.A.income B.height C.weight D.body【答案】C【解析】【詳解】考查名詞辨析。句意：她的體重增加到80公斤了。A.income收入；B.height高度；C.weight重量；D.body身體。根據(jù)“80kilos”可知，這是描述的是她的體重，要用名詞weight。故選C。25.Twenty-one________threeisseven.A.minus B.times C.dividedby D.plus【答案】C【解析】【詳解】考查介詞辨析。句意：21除以3等于7。A.minus減；B.times乘以；C.dividedby除以；D.plus加。根據(jù)“Twenty-one...

threeisseven.”可知，是“21除以3等于7”，“除以”要用“dividedby”。故選C。26.Couldyou________theheightofthedoorforme?A.count B.measure C.ruler D.test【答案】B【解析】【詳解】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。句意：你能為我測量下門的高度嗎？A.count數(shù)數(shù)；B.measure測量；C.ruler尺子；D.test測驗(yàn)。根據(jù)句意可知，此處為測量門的高度，measure“測量”符合語境。故選B。27.Amemorialwasbuilt________thosewhodiedforthecountry.A.inhonorto B.inhonorof C.withthehonor D.because【答案】B【解析】【詳解】考查介詞短語。句意：為紀(jì)念那些為國捐軀的人，建了一座紀(jì)念碑。A.inhonorto無此固定搭配；B.inhonorof紀(jì)念；C.withthehonor帶著榮譽(yù)；D.because因?yàn)?。根?jù)句意可知，此處表示“紀(jì)念……”，用固定搭配“inhonorof”。故選B。28.Wewillhaveto________howmuchmoneywe’llneedfortheparty.A.work B.countout C.calculated D.workout【答案】D【解析】【詳解】考查動(dòng)詞及動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：我們必須計(jì)算出我們需要多少錢來開這個(gè)聚會(huì)。A.work工作；B.countout數(shù)出，點(diǎn)出（指從一定數(shù)量的物品中數(shù)出一定數(shù)量的物品。）；C.calculated核算、推測（側(cè)重于根據(jù)一定依據(jù)對(duì)未來的情況進(jìn)行預(yù)測）；D.workout計(jì)算，算出（表示通過思考、計(jì)算得出結(jié)果）。根據(jù)句意可知，我們將不得不計(jì)算出我們晚會(huì)將需要多少費(fèi)用，“workout”符合題意。故選D。29.Thethiefwasseenrunning________ofthemountain.A.to B.toward C.forward D.inthedirection【答案】D【解析】【詳解】考查介詞辨析及介詞短語。句意：有人看見小偷朝山的方向跑去。A.to朝；B.toward向；C.forward向前；D.inthedirection朝某個(gè)方向。根據(jù)空后所有格“of”可知，空處需要包含名詞，因此使用介詞短語“inthedirection”，“inthedirectionof”表示“朝著……方向”。故選D。30.Paymentwillbe________theworkdonenottothetimespentdoingit.A.thesameas B.proportionto C.respondto D.proportionalto【答案】D【解析】【詳解】考查形容詞短語辨析。句意：報(bào)酬將與所做的工作成比例，而不是與所花的時(shí)間成比例。A.thesameas與……相同；B.proportionto（無此表達(dá)）；C.respondto對(duì)……反應(yīng)；D.proportionalto成比例的；與……成比例。根據(jù)“Paymentwillbe...theworkdonenottothetimespentdoingit.”可知，是“報(bào)酬將與所做的工作成比例，而不是與花費(fèi)的時(shí)間成比例”，“與……成比例”，“proportionalto”符合題意。故選D。第三節(jié)完形填空：閱讀下面的短文，從所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出正確的答案。Foodisveryimportant.Everyoneneedsto____31____wellifheorshewantstohaveastrongbody.Ourmindsalsoneedakindoffood.Thiskindoffoodis____32____.Webegintogetknowledgeeven____33____weareveryyoung.Smallchildrenare____34____ineverythingaroundthem.Theylearn____35____whiletheyarewatchingandlistening.Whentheyaregettingolder,theybeginto____36____storybooks,sciencebooks...,anythingtheylike.Whentheyfindsomethingnew,theylovetoaskquestionsand____37____tofindoutanswers.Whatisthebest____38____togetknowledge?Ifwelearnbyourselves,wewillget____39____knowledge.Ifweare____40____gettinganswersfromothersanddonotaskwhy,wewillneverlearnwell.Whenwestudyintherightway,wewilllearnmoreandunderstandbetter.31.A.sleep B.read C.drink D.eat32.A.sport B.exercise C.knowledge D.meat33.A.until B.when C.after D.so34.A.interested B.interesting C.weak D.better35.A.everything B.something C.nothing D.anything36.A.lend B.read C.learn D.write37.A.try B.have C.refuse D.wait38.A.place B.school C.way D.road39.A.little B.few C.many D.themost40.A.often B.always C.usually D.something【答案】31.D32.C33.B34.A35.B36.B37.A38.C39.A40.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文中介紹如何獲得知識(shí)?！?1題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：每個(gè)人都需要吃得好，才能擁有強(qiáng)壯的身體。A.sleep睡；B.read讀；C.drink喝；D.eat吃。根據(jù)前文“Foodisveryimportant(食物非常重要)”可知，食物很重要，所以要吃得好。故選D?！?2題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這種食物就是知識(shí)。A.sport運(yùn)動(dòng)；B.exercise鍛煉；C.knowledge知識(shí)；D.meat肉。根據(jù)后文“Webegintogetknowledge...(我們開始獲取知識(shí)……)”可知，后文談的都是知識(shí)，所以我們大腦的食物是知識(shí)。故選C。【33題詳解】考查連詞詞義辨析。句意：我們?cè)诤苄〉臅r(shí)候就開始獲取知識(shí).。A.until直到……為止；B.when當(dāng)……時(shí)；C.after在……后；D.so因此。分析句子可知，橫線后是時(shí)間狀語表示當(dāng)我們年幼時(shí)就開始獲取知識(shí)，所以應(yīng)是when。故選B?！?4題詳解】考查形容詞詞詞義辨析。句意：小孩子對(duì)周圍的一切都很感興趣。A.interested感興趣；B.interesting有趣的；C.weak弱的；D.better更好的。根據(jù)“Smallchildrenare

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ineverythingaroundthem.(小孩子對(duì)周圍的一切都很……)”可知，小孩子對(duì)周圍一切感興趣。beinterestedin“對(duì)……感興趣”。故選A?！?5題詳解】考查不定代詞詞義辨析。句意：他們?cè)谟^看和聆聽時(shí)學(xué)到了一些東西。A.everything一切；B.something某物；C.nothing沒什么；D.anything任何事。根據(jù)“Theylearn

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whiletheyarewatchingandlistening(他們?cè)谟^看和聆聽時(shí)學(xué)到了……)”可知，應(yīng)是在觀看和聆聽時(shí)學(xué)到一些東西。故選B?！?6題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)他們長大后，他們開始閱讀故事書、科學(xué)書……任何他們喜歡的東西。A.lend借；B.read讀；C.learn學(xué)習(xí)；D.write寫。根據(jù)橫線后“storybooks,sciencebooks(故事書、科學(xué)書)”可知，是讀故事書、科學(xué)書。故選B?！?7題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)他們發(fā)現(xiàn)新事物時(shí)，他們喜歡提出問題并嘗試找出答案。A.try嘗試；B.have有；C.refuse拒絕；D.wait等待。根據(jù)前文“theylovetoaskquestions(他們喜歡提出問題)”及后文談到獲取知識(shí)的方式，可知他們嘗試找到答案。故選A。【38題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：獲取知識(shí)的最佳途徑是什么？A.place地方；B.school學(xué)校；C.way方式；D.road道路。根據(jù)后文“welearnbyourselves(我們自己學(xué)習(xí))”及“gettinganswersfromothers(從別人那里得到答案)”可知，這是講述獲取知識(shí)的方式。故選C。【39題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：如果我們自己學(xué)習(xí)，我們得到的知識(shí)就很少。A.little少，修飾不可數(shù)名詞；B.few少，修飾可數(shù)名詞；C.many許多，修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)；D.themost最多。根據(jù)橫線后的knowledge是不可數(shù)名詞，并結(jié)合語境可知如果自己學(xué)有可能獲得很少的知識(shí)。所以橫線上是little。故選A?！?0題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：如果我們總是從別人那里得到答案而不問為什么，我們永遠(yuǎn)學(xué)不好。A.often經(jīng)常；B.always總是；C.usually通常；D.sometimes有時(shí)。根據(jù)后文“wewillneverlearnwell(我們永遠(yuǎn)學(xué)不好)”可知，總是從別人那里得到答案而不問為什么，是學(xué)不好的。故選B。第二部分篇章與詞匯理解第一節(jié)閱讀理解：閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最恰當(dāng)?shù)拇鸢浮＃ü?0小題，每小題2分，滿分40分）AJapanisveryseriousaboutrobotics(機(jī)器人技術(shù)).Ifthedroidsaregoingtofitin,theyprobablyneedtolearntheJapanesecustomofservingtea.Fortunately,researchersattheUniversityofTokyoareexploringjustthat.Inashowthisweek,ahumanoid(有人特點(diǎn)的)withcameraeyesmadebyKawadaIndustriesInc.pouredteafromabottleintoacup.Thenanotherrobotonwheelsdeliveredthecupofteainanexperimentalroomthathassensorsembeddedinthefloorandsofaaswellascamerasontheceiling,tosimulate(模仿)lifewithrobottechnology.“Ahumanbeingmaybefaster,butyou’dhavetosay‘Thankyou.’”saidUniversityofTokyoprofessorTomomasaSato.“That’sthebestpartaboutarobot.Youdon’thavetofeelbadaboutaskingittodothings.”SatobelievesJapan,arapidlyagingsocietywheremorethanafifthofthepopulationis65orolder,willleadtheworldindesigningrobotstocarefortheelderly,sickandbedridden(臥床不起的).Already,monitoringtechnologies,suchassensorsthatautomaticallyturnonlightswhenpeopleenteraroom,arebecomingwidespreadinJapan.Thewalking,child-sizeAsimofromHondaMotorCo.greetspeopleatshow-rooms.NECCorp.hasdevelopedasmallercompanionrobot-on-wheelscalledPapero.Asealrobotavailablesince2004canentertaintheelderlyandothersinneedoffuzzycompanionship.Satosayshisexperimentalroomisraisingawarenessaboutprivacyquestionsthatmayarisewhenelectronicdevices(設(shè)備)monitoraperson’smovementsdowntothesmallestdetail.Onthebrightside,thetea-pouringhumanoidhasbeenprogrammedtodothedishes.41.Whatisthebesttitleofthispassage?A.“ThankYou”WillNeverBeNeededinJapanB.MonitoringTechnologiesAreWidespreadinJapanC.RobotIsDesignedtoCarefortheElderlyD.RobottechnologiesarewidespreadinJapanesedailylife42.Theunderlinedword“embedded”inthefirstparagraphprobablymeans________.A.fixed B.established C.settled D.rooted43.AccordingtoProfessorSato,________.A.therobotservesteamuchfasterthanahumanbeingB.therobotdoesanythinglikehumanbeingsC.tea-servingrobothelpstoformlazinessoftheagingsocietyD.tea-servingrobotdoesn’tneedanyrewardfortheservice44.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrue?A.Arobotcanimitatepeopletocompletecomplicatedtasks.B.Arobothasbeenprogrammedtocleanthedishes.C.Alltheproblemsintheagingsocietycanbesolvedbyrobots.D.ThenumberofagingpeopleisincreasingrapidlyinJapan.45.Wecaninferfromthepassagethat________.A.peopleareafraidofbeingmonitoredbyrobotsB.thetechnologyofrobotshasbeenhighlightedinJapanC.robotscancompletelytaketheplaceofhumanbeingsD.people’sprivacyshouldbestrictlyprotected【答案】41.D42.A43.D44.C45.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹了在日本，機(jī)器人被廣泛使用，可以倒茶，也可以照顧老人，陪人娛樂，機(jī)器人受到廣泛的歡迎?！?1題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“Japanisveryseriousaboutrobotics(機(jī)器人技術(shù)).(日本人對(duì)機(jī)器人技術(shù)十分嚴(yán)肅。)”及全文內(nèi)容可知，本文主要介紹機(jī)器人技術(shù)在日本的廣泛應(yīng)用，特別是用于日常生活。故選D?！?2題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第一段“Thenanotherrobotonwheelsdeliveredthecupofteainanexperimentalroomthathassensorsembeddedinthefloorandsofaaswellascamerasontheceiling,tosimulate(模仿)lifewithrobottechnology.(然后另一個(gè)帶輪子的機(jī)器人在實(shí)驗(yàn)室里傳送茶水，實(shí)驗(yàn)室的地板和沙發(fā)上……有傳感器，天花板上也有攝像頭，用于模仿有機(jī)器人技術(shù)的生活狀態(tài)。)”可知，傳感器是根據(jù)實(shí)驗(yàn)需要，安裝在實(shí)驗(yàn)室的地板和沙發(fā)上，劃線詞“embedded”應(yīng)是指“安裝，嵌入”。故選A?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Ahumanbeingmaybefaster,butyou’dhavetosay‘Thankyou.’(人動(dòng)作可能快一點(diǎn)，但你不必說“謝謝”。)”可知，人類在享受了機(jī)器人的服務(wù)后，不必感謝，機(jī)器人無需回報(bào)。故選D?！?4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段“NECCorp.hasdevelopedasmallercompanionrobot-on-wheelscalledPapero.Asealrobotavailablesince2004canentertaintheelderlyandothersinneedoffuzzycompanionship.(NEC公司改進(jìn)了更小型的陪伴型輪式機(jī)器人，起名Papero。自2004年起可使用的心理治愈機(jī)器人，在不明確陪伴的需求下，能為老人和其他人提供娛樂。)”可知，目前機(jī)器人可以解決老齡化社會(huì)的一些陪伴問題。選項(xiàng)C“Alltheproblemsintheagingsocietycanbesolvedbyrobots.(老齡化社會(huì)的所有問題都能被機(jī)器人解決。)說法過于絕對(duì)，與原文不符。故選C?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Japanisveryseriousaboutrobotics(機(jī)器人技術(shù)).(日本在機(jī)器人技術(shù)方面極為重視。)”可知，日本十分重視機(jī)器人技術(shù)。故選B。BTheFrenchwordrenaissancemeansrebirth.Itwasfirstusedin1855bythehistorianJulesMicheletinhisHistoryofFrance,thenadoptedbyhistoriansofculture,byarthistorians,andeventuallybymusichistorians,allofwhomappliedittoEuropeancultureduringthe150yearsspanning1450-1600.TheconceptofrebirthwasappropriatetothisperiodofEuropeanhistorybecauseoftherenewedinterestinancientGreekandRomanculturethatbeganinItalyandthenspreadthroughoutEurope.ScholarsandartistsofthefifteenthandsixteenthcenturieswantedtorestorethelearningandidealsoftheclassicalcivilizationsofGreeceandRome.Tothesescholarsthismeantareturntohuman-asopposedtospiritualvalues.Fulfillmentinlife-asopposedtoconcernaboutanafterlife-becameadesirablegoal,andexpressingtheentirerangeofhumanemotionsandenjoyingthepleasuresofthesenseswerenolongerfrowned(皺眉頭)on.Artistsandwritersnowturnedtosecular(不朽的)aswellasreligioussubjectmatterandsoughttomaketheirworksunderstandableandappealing.ThesechangesinoutlookdeeplyaffectedthemusicalcultureoftheRenaissanceperiod--howpeoplethoughtaboutmusicaswellasthewaymusicwascomposed,experienced,discussed,andcirculated.Theycouldseethearchitecturalmonuments,sculptures(雕塑),plays,andpoemsthatwerebeingrediscovered,buttheycouldnotactuallyhearancientmusic-althoughtheycouldreadthewritingsofclassicalphilosophers,poets,essayists,andmusictheoriststhatwerebecomingavailableintranslation.Theylearnedaboutthepowerofancientmusictomovethelistenerandwonderedwhymodernmusicdidnothavethesameeffect.Forexample,theinfluentialreligiousleaderBemardinoCirilloexpresseddisappointmentwiththelearnedmusicofhistime.Heurgedmusicianstofollowtheexampleofthesculptors,painters,architects,andscholarswhohadrediscoveredancientartandliterature.ThemusicalRenaissanceinEuropewasmoreageneralculturalmovementandstateofmindthanaspecificsetofmusicaltechniques.Furthermore,musicchangedsorapidlyduringthiscenturyandahalf--thoughatdifferentratesindifferentcountriesthatwecannotdefineasingleRenaissancestyle.46.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.ThemusicalcompositionsthatbestillustratethedevelopmentsduringtheEuropeanRenaissance.B.ThemusicaltechniquesthatwereinuseduringtheEuropeanRenaissance.C.TheEuropeanRenaissanceasaculturaldevelopmentthatincludedchangesinmusicalstyle.D.TheancientGreekandRomanmusicalpracticesusedduringtheEuropeanRenaissance.47.Theunderlinedword“now”inParagraphIrefersto________.A.1855B.theperiodoftheRenaissanceC.thetimeoftheclassicalcivilizationsofGreeceandRomeD.thetimeatwhichtheauthorwrotethepassage48.ItcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatthinkersoftheRenaissancewereseekingarebirthof________.A.spiritualityineverydaylifeB.communicationamongartistsacrossEuropeC.aculturalemphasisonhumanvaluesD.religiousthemesinartthatwouldaccompanythetraditionalsecularthemes49.WhatcanbeinferredaboutthemusicofancientGreeceandRome?A.Itseffectonlistenerswasdescribedinanumberofclassicaltexts.B.Itwasplayedoninstrumentsthatarefamiliartomoderaudiences.C.Itexpressedmoredifferentidealsthanclassicalsculpture,paintingandpoetry.D.IthadthesameeffectonRenaissanceaudiencesasithadwhenoriginallyperformed.50.Accordingtothepassage,whywasBernardinoCirillodisappointedwiththemusicofhistime?A.Itdidnotcontainenoughreligiousthemes.B.Ithadlittleemotionalimpactonaudiences.C.Itwasnotcomplexenoughtoappealtomusicians.D.Itwastoodependentontheartandliteratureofhistime.【答案】46.C47.B48.C49.A50.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。主要講述了文藝復(fù)興時(shí)期歐洲文化的復(fù)興，特別關(guān)注了音樂風(fēng)格的變化。【46題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文及最后一段“ThemusicalRenaissanceinEuropewasmoreageneralculturalmovementandstateofmindthanaspecificsetofmusicaltechniques.Furthermore,musicchangedsorapidlyduringthiscenturyandahalf--thoughatdifferentratesindifferentcountriesthatwecannotdefineasingleRenaissancestyle.(歐洲的音樂文藝復(fù)興與其說是一套特定的音樂技巧，不如說是一種普遍的文化運(yùn)動(dòng)和精神狀態(tài)。此外，在這一個(gè)半世紀(jì)里，音樂變化如此之快——盡管不同國家的變化速度不同，我們無法定義一種單一的文藝復(fù)興風(fēng)格。)”可知，本文主要講述了歐洲文藝復(fù)興是一種普遍的文化運(yùn)動(dòng)和精神狀態(tài)的發(fā)展，包括音樂風(fēng)格的變化。故選C?！?7題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第一段“Fulfillmentinlife-asopposedtoconcernaboutanafterlife-becameadesirablegoal,andexpressingtheentirerangeofhumanemotionsandenjoyingthepleasuresofthesenseswerenolongerfrowned(皺眉頭)on.Artistsandwritersnowturnedtosecular(不朽的)aswellasreligioussubjectmatterandsoughttomaketheirworksunderstandableandappealing.(人生的圓滿——而不是對(duì)來生的擔(dān)憂——成為了一個(gè)理想的目標(biāo)，表達(dá)人類全部的情感和享受感官的快樂不再被反對(duì)。藝術(shù)家和作家現(xiàn)在轉(zhuǎn)向世俗和宗教題材，并試圖使他們的作品易于理解和吸引人。)”可知，“now”指的是文藝復(fù)興時(shí)期，即學(xué)者和藝術(shù)家開始關(guān)注世俗主題和人類情感的時(shí)期。故選B?！?8題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Tothesescholarsthismeantareturntohuman-asopposedtospiritualvalues.

(對(duì)這些學(xué)者來說，這意味著回歸人性，而不是精神價(jià)值。)”可知，文藝復(fù)興時(shí)期的學(xué)者和藝術(shù)家想要恢復(fù)古典文明的學(xué)問和理想，這更多地體現(xiàn)了對(duì)人性的重視，而非宗教或藝術(shù)主題。故選C?！?9題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“Theylearnedaboutthepowerofancientmusictomovethelistenerandwonderedwhymodernmusicdidnothavethesameeffect.

(他們了解到古代音樂能打動(dòng)聽眾，并想知道為什么現(xiàn)代音樂沒有同樣的效果。)”可知，文藝復(fù)興時(shí)期的學(xué)者雖然無法聽到古代音樂，但他們通過閱讀古典哲學(xué)家、詩人等的著作了解到古代音樂的力量?？赏浦糯魳穼?duì)聽眾的影響在古典文本中有所描述。故選A?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“Theylearnedaboutthepowerofancientmusictomovethelistenerandwonderedwhymodernmusicdidnothavethesameeffect.Forexample,theinfluentialreligiousleaderBemardinoCirilloexpresseddisappointmentwiththelearnedmusicofhistime.Heurgedmusicianstofollowtheexampleofthesculptors,painters,architects,andscholarswhohadrediscoveredancientartandliterature.

(他們了解到古代音樂能打動(dòng)聽眾，并想知道為什么現(xiàn)代音樂沒有同樣的效果。例如，有影響力的宗教領(lǐng)袖貝馬迪諾·西里洛（BemardinoCirillo）對(duì)他那個(gè)時(shí)代學(xué)識(shí)淵博的音樂表示失望。他敦促音樂家們效仿那些重新發(fā)現(xiàn)古代藝術(shù)和文學(xué)的雕塑家、畫家、建筑師和學(xué)者。)”可知，BemardinoCirillo對(duì)當(dāng)時(shí)學(xué)識(shí)淵博的音樂感到失望，他希望音樂家能效仿那些重新發(fā)現(xiàn)古代藝術(shù)和文學(xué)的雕塑家、畫家?？赏浦J(rèn)為那時(shí)期的音樂對(duì)觀眾影響力不大，期望音樂能像古代藝術(shù)一樣具有情感上的影響力。故選B。CSharkshavelivedintheoceansforover450millionyears,longbeforedinosaursappeared.Therearenowabout360speciesofsharks,whosesize,behavior,andothercharacteristicsdifferwidely.Everyyear,wecatchandkillover100millionsharks,mostlyforfoodandfortheirfins.Driedsharkfinsareusedtomakesharkfinsoup,whichsellsforasmuchas$50abowlinfineHongKongrestaurants.Othersharksarekilledforsportandoutoffear.Sharksarevulnerable(易受傷的)tooverfishingbecauseittakesmostspecies10to15yearstobeginreproducingandtheyproduceonlyafewoffspring(后代).Influencedbymoviesandpopularnovels,mostpeopleseesharksaspeople-eatingmonsters.Thisisfarfromthetruth.Everyyear,afewtypesofsharkinjureabout100peopleworldwideandkillabout25.Mostattacksarebygreatwhitesharks,whichoftenfeedonsealionsandothermarine(海洋的)mammals.Theysometimesmistakehumanswimmersfortheirnormalprey,especiallyiftheyarewearingblackwetsuits.Ifyouareatypicalocean-goer,yourchancesofbeingkilledbyanunprovoked(非受挑釁而發(fā)生的)attackbyasharkareabout1in100million.Youaremorelikelytobekilledbyapigthanasharkandthousandsoftimesmorelikelytogetkilledwhenyoudriveacar.Sharkshelpsavehumanlives.Inadditiontoprovidingpeoplewithfood,theyarehelpinguslearnhowtofightcancer,bacteria,andviruses.Sharksareveryhealthyandhaveagingprocessessimilartoours.Theirhighlyeffectiveimmunesystemallowswoundstohealquicklywithoutbecominginfected,andtheirbloodisbeingstudiedinconnectionwithAIDSresearch.Sharksareamongthefewanimalsintheworldthatalmostnevergetcancerandeyecataracts(白內(nèi)障).Understandingwhycanhelpusimprovehumanhealth.Chemicalstakenfromsharkcartilage(軟骨)havekilledcanceroustumorsinlaboratoryanimals,researchthatsomedaycouldhelpprolongyourlife.Sharksareneededintheworld’soceanecosystems.Althoughtheydon’tneedusweneedthem.Wearemuchmoredangeroustosharksthantheyaretous.Foreverysharkthatbitesaperson,wekillonemillionsharks.51.WhichofthefollowingisNOTareasonwhypeoplekillsharks?A.Peoplekillsharksforfood.B.Peoplekillsharksforsport.C.Peoplekillsharksoutoffear.D.Peoplekillsharksbecausetheyoftenattackswimmers.52.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrue?A.Therearemanydifferentspeciesofsharks,butonlyafewofthemaredangeroustohumans.B.Sharksnevergetill.C.Sharksareavaluableresourceforhuman.D.Sharksplayanimportantroleintheoceanecosystem.53.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat________.A.movieshavegivenpeoplethewrongimpressionofsharksB.mostsharksaredangeroustohumansC.sharkswillattackanyonewhoiswearingblackD.itisdangeroustoswimintheocean54.Theunderlinedword“prolong”inthelastbutoneparagraphmeans________.A.save B.protect C.lengthen D.improve55.Thebesttitleforthepassagewouldbe________.A.AreSharksDangerous?B.SharksAndHumansC.Sharks:Humans’FriendsD.SharksHelpSaveHumanLives【答案】51.D52.B53.A54.C55.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章全面介紹了鯊魚，糾正人們對(duì)鯊魚的誤解，強(qiáng)調(diào)鯊魚對(duì)人類及海洋生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的重要性，呼吁人們正確認(rèn)識(shí)并保護(hù)鯊魚?！?1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“wecatchandkillover100millionsharks,mostlyforfoodandfortheirfins(我們捕獲并殺死了超過1億條鯊魚，主要是為了食物和魚翅)”以及“Othersharksarekilledforsportandoutoffear(其他鯊魚則因?yàn)檫\(yùn)動(dòng)和恐懼而被殺害。)”可知，人們捕殺鯊魚是為了食物，運(yùn)動(dòng)，或出于害怕，沒有提到因?yàn)樗麄児粲斡菊摺９蔬xD。【52題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第六段“Sharksareamongthefewanimalsintheworldthatalmostnevergetcancerandeyecataracts(鯊魚是世界上少數(shù)幾乎不會(huì)患癌癥和白內(nèi)障的動(dòng)物之一)”可知，鯊魚幾乎不會(huì)患癌癥和白內(nèi)障，但不能就此說鯊魚從不生病，B選項(xiàng)表述過于絕對(duì)。故選B?！?3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Influencedbymoviesandpopularnovels,mostpeopleseesharksaspeople-eatingmonsters(受電影和流行小說的影響，大多數(shù)人將鯊魚視為食人怪物)”可知，電影給人們帶來了對(duì)鯊魚的錯(cuò)誤印象。故選A?！?4題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第六段“Chemicalstakenfromsharkcartil agehave

killedcanceroustumorsinlaboratoryanimals,researchthatsomedaycouldhelp

prolongyourlife.(從鯊魚軟骨中提取的化學(xué)物質(zhì)已經(jīng)殺死了實(shí)驗(yàn)動(dòng)物的癌性腫瘤，這項(xiàng)研究有一天可能有助于延長你的生命。)”可知，鯊魚軟骨里面的化學(xué)物質(zhì)可以殺死癌細(xì)胞，所以此處說的是這可能有助于延長人類壽命，“prolong”意思是“l(fā)engthen(延長)”。故選C?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文可知，文章主要講述了鯊魚對(duì)人類的益處，如幫助人類對(duì)抗疾病，在海洋生態(tài)系統(tǒng)中有重要作用等，強(qiáng)調(diào)鯊魚是人類的朋友。選項(xiàng)C“Sharks:Humans’Friends(鯊魚：人類的朋友)”符合主旨大意。故選C。DThegoalofearthquakepredictionistogiveearlyenoughwarning.TheU.S.GeologicalSurveyconductsandsupportsresearchonthelikelihoodoffutureearthquakes.Scientistsestimateearthquakeprobabilitiesintwoways:bystudyingthehistoryoflargeearthquakesinaspecialareaandtherateatwhichstrain(拉力)accumulates(積累)intherock.Scientistsstudythepastfrequencyoflargeearthquakesinordertodeterminethefuturelikelihoodofsimilarlargeshocks.ForexamplescientistsresearchedthelargeearthquakesintheSanFranciscoBayregionduringthe75yearsbetween1836and1911.Forthenext68years,noearthquakesofmagnitude(震級(jí))6orlargeoccurredintheregion.Beginningwithamagnitude6shockin1979,theearthquakesintheregionincreaseddramatically;between1979and1989,therewerefourmagnitude6orgreaterearthquakes,includingamagnitude7.1earthquake.Soscientistsestimatedthattheprobabilityofamagnitude6.8orlargerearthquakeoccurringduringthenext30yearsintheregionisabout67percent.Anotherwaytopredictearthquakesistostudyhowfaststrainaccumulates.Whenplatemovementsbuildthestraininrockstoacriticallevel,likepullingarubberbandtootight,therockswillsuddenlybreakandsliptoanewposition.Scientistsmeasurehowmuchstrainaccumulatesalongafault(斷層)eachyear,howmuchtimehaspassedsincethelastearthquake,andhowmuchstrainwasreleasedinthelastearthquake.Thisinfo