機(jī)密★啟用前華大新高考聯(lián)盟屆高三3月教學(xué)質(zhì)量測(cè)評(píng)英語(yǔ)本試卷共四部分，共頁(yè)。全卷滿分分。考試用時(shí)分鐘?！镒？荚図樌镒⒁馐马?xiàng)：答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、考生號(hào)等填寫在答題卡和試卷指定位置上。用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)?；卮鸱沁x擇題時(shí)，將答案寫在答題卡上，寫在本試卷上無(wú)效。考試結(jié)束后，將答題卡上交。第一部分聽(tīng)力共兩節(jié)，滿分分)做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)共5小題；每小題分，滿分分)聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的、、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話后，你都有秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.答案是C。1.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers?A.andstudent.B.Authorandeditor.C.Classmates.2.HowmanycountrieshasCindybeento?A.5.B.6.C.7.3.Whatisthemanconcernedabout?A.Hisimpatientcoach.B.Hisdrivingtest.C.Hisexperiment.4.Whatdoesthemanthinkofthedownjacketsinthestore?A.Heavy.B.Pricey.C.Fashionable.5.Whatarethesurgeons'adviceforthewoman?第1頁(yè)/共23頁(yè)A.stayinagoodmood.B.operateonherrightC.haveaconservativetreatment.第二節(jié)共小題；每小題分，滿分分)聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的、、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘，聽(tīng)完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽(tīng)第6段材料，回答第、7題。6.WhatwasPauldoingyesterdaynight?A.Relaxinghimself.B.videos.C.dishes.7.Whatwillthewomando?Abacktoherparents.B.Expressherinnervoices.C.Askherparents'thoughts.聽(tīng)第7段材料，回答第8至題。8.Whogavethedictionariestothewoman?A.Herrelatives.B.Theman.C.Herparents.9.WhydoesthemanfavorEnglishEnglishdictionaries?A.HismajorisEnglish.B.Hisfriendcanhelphim.C.HisEnglishisproficient.10.WhatcanwebenefitfromEnglishEnglishdictionariesaccordingtotheman?A.HigherEnglishgrades.B.tothinkinEnglish.C.Understandingofnewwords.聽(tīng)第8段材料，回答第至題。Whatarethespeakersdoing?A.Discussingajob.B.Conductingan第2頁(yè)/共23頁(yè)C.Planningtheirfutures.12.Wheredidthewomanwork?A.InLondon.B.InDC.C.InMexico.13.Howcanthewomangetapayraise?A.Byhandlingvarioustasks.B.Byimprovingherperformance.C.Bybeingaputerengineer.聽(tīng)第9段材料，回答第至題。14.Whatwillthespeakersdotocelebratethewoman'sbirthday?A.Holdaparty.B.Goskydiving.C.Climbthehill.15.Whatcanweknowaboutthewoman?A.Shehateshighplaces.B.Sheenjoysadventures.C.Sheloveshikingalone.16.Whichofthefollowingwordscandescribetheman?A.Helpful.B.Anxious.C.Intelligent.17.Whenwillthespeakersmeet?A.ThisFriday.B.ThisSaturday.C.ThisSunday.聽(tīng)第段材料，回答第至題。18.WhatisHealthGuard?AAnapplication.B.Aworkoutdevice.C.Afitnesscoach.19.WhatdoesHealthGuardtoitsusers?A.Generalizedhealthadvice.B.Personalizedhealthplans.C.Individualizedhealthdiet.20.WhatisthebiggestadvantageofHealthGuard?A.Switchingthedegreeofdifficulty.B.Monitoringyourfitnessjourney.C.youtobeagoodathlete.第3頁(yè)/共23頁(yè)第二部分閱讀共兩節(jié)，滿分分)第一節(jié)共小題；每小題分，滿分分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的、、、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AFromthelastoftheSevenoftheleftstandingtoapresidential(失態(tài))thatinspiredahugenewproject,theseareonlyafewoftheincrediblehistoricalplacesworthexploringinEgypt.TheGreatPyramidofKhufuinCairoisthelargestandmostnortherlyofthethreefamouspyramidsatGiza,andtheonlyoneoftheSevenoftheleftstandingtoday.Asthelargestpyramideverbuilt,itisawondermainlybecauseofitsgrandscale(規(guī)模)andtheincredibleprecisionwithwhichthebuildingworkwasconducted.DesignedbyKhufu’scousinHemon,thepyramidoriginallystood482feethighwithfourequalsideseachmeasuring755feet.TheLuxorisanancientEgyptiantemplethatliesontheeastbankoftheNile.Itwasdedicatedtothegods—Amun,hiswifeMutandtheirsonChons.Theearliestpartsofthetempleexistingtodaydatefrom1408B.C.AccesstothetempleisviatheofSphinxes,whichoncestretched1.86milesfromtheLuxortotheofKarnakinthenorth.TheNewGournaisanunpletedhousingprojectinLuxorfromthe1940sthatwascreatedtomoveawaythevillagersofOldGourna,whoeconomicallysustainedtheirmunitybystealinglocalPharoanictombs—muchtothedispleasureoftheEgyptianDepartmentofAntiquities,whowantedtomovethe7,000localsawayfromthearea.HassanFathy,anarchitectknownforhisruralhousingandtraditionalmethods,washiredtodesignthenewvillageonasite50milesaway.1.WhatmakestheGreatPyramidofKhufuawonder?A.Itsspeciallocation.B.Itsdesigncreativity.C.Itssizeandaccuracy.D.Itsbuildingdifficulties.2.WhatcanbeinferredabouttheLuxorA.Ithasahistoryofabout620years.B.Itattractsvisitorstogotherebyboat.C.ItisinthenorthoftheofKarnak.D.ItwasconstructedtoshowrespectforGods.3.Whatdothethreeplaceshaveinmon?第4頁(yè)/共23頁(yè)A.Religiouselements.B.Richhistoricalvalues.C.Lowconstructioncosts.D.Classicalandruralstyles.【答案】1.C2.D3.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了埃及值得探索的三個(gè)歷史文化景點(diǎn)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Asthelargestpyramideverbuilt,itisawondermainlybecauseofitsgrandscale(規(guī)模)andtheincredibleprecisionwithwhichthebuildingworkwasconducted.(作為有史以來(lái)建造的最大的金字塔，它之所以是一個(gè)奇跡，主要是因?yàn)樗暮陚ヒ?guī)模和建筑工程的令人難以置信的精確)”可知，尺寸和精度讓胡夫大金字塔成為一個(gè)奇跡。故選C。【2題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Itwasdedicatedtothegods—Amun,hiswifeMutandtheirsonChons.(它是獻(xiàn)給眾神阿蒙、他的妻子穆特和他們的兒子Chons的)”可知，建造盧克索神廟是為了表示對(duì)上帝的尊重。故選D?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“FromthelastoftheSevenoftheleftstandingtoapresidential(失態(tài))thatinspiredahugenewproject,theseareonlyafewoftheincrediblehistoricalplacesworthexploringinEgypt.(從世界七大奇跡中的最后一個(gè)幸存下來(lái)，到總統(tǒng)的失態(tài)激發(fā)了一個(gè)巨大的新項(xiàng)目，這些只是埃及值得探索的令人難以置信的歷史遺跡中的一小部分)”及全文內(nèi)容可知，文章介紹了埃及的三個(gè)歷史文化景點(diǎn)，并且這三個(gè)地方都有豐富的歷史價(jià)值。故選B。BContrarytomostboys,I’veneverhadaproblemsaying“no”.Notoletmydeskneighborborrowapencil.Notojusttake“onesip”(嘗一口)ofadrinkIdidn’twant.Saying“no”toeverythingjustfeltnatural,andthetwolettersslidmytonguesowellthateventuallypeoplestoppedaskingmetodothings.Mythoughtprocesswassimple:Ifsomethingwasn’twithinmyfortzone,Ishouldavoidit.OneofmyfavoritepoemsfromtheBiblehasalwaysbeen,“Sheisclothedwithstrengthanddignity,andshelaughswithoutfearofthefuture”,butIneveractuallylaughedordidanythingwithoutfearingwhatwouldhappennext.So,withasuddenurge,Idecidedtostartsaying“yes”aslongasitwasn’tillegalanddidn’tviolatemyownmoralcode.ThisonewordbroughtallkindsofnewexperienceswhereIfoundmyselfinabarplayinglateonenightwith第5頁(yè)/共23頁(yè)newfriendsandsittinginthefrontrowatSoulCycle—anicechangefrommybackrow,cornerspot.Ofcoursethischangehashadbothgoodandbadoutes,rangingfromfunmemoriestolotsofworkandmakingsemicostlymistakes,leadingtotheunavoidableblamesfrommyboss.Rememberwhenweweresixandthewholeworldwasours?coloredonthewallsandslidintothecookiejar,fearlessandunconcerned.said“yes”towhateverwefeltlikedoing,andthenwebecameadults.Ourdreamsandsenseofadventurefadedawaywithourimaginaryfriends.Realityisthatweallhavedreams,butmostofusmakeexcusesfornotpursuingthem.It’smorelikeamatterofinertia(惰性),ofjustignoringthedreams,ofmaintainingthepresentsituation.“No”keepseverythingpredictable.Butyoucanbreakoutofyourfortzoneandgetmoreoutoflifethroughthesimplepowerof“yes”.4.Whydidpeoplenolongerasktheauthorforhelp?A.Hehadnoabilitytohelp.B.Theyhadnoconfidenceinhim.C.Theyalreadyknewhisresponse.D.Hedislikedtorelatewithothers.5.WhatdidtheauthorlearnfromthepoemintheBible?A.uncertaintywasamust.B.Itwasnecessarytostaycautious.C.Whatwasnotbannedwasallowed.D.Moralprinciplescouldbeadjusted.6.Whatdidsaying“yes”bringtotheauthor?A.Laughterfromhisboss.B.mistakesatwork.C.Friendsandhigherstatus.D.Moretasksandlessfocus.7.Whichofthefollowingbestsummarizesthepassage?A.Childrenaremorebravethanadults.B.Lifegivesbacktothosewhodaretotry.C.Goldendaysinchildhoodareprecious.D.Dreamsfuelone’scouragetotakerisks.【答案】4.C5.A6.D7.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。文章主要講述了作者以前經(jīng)常說(shuō)“不”，因?yàn)樗幌胱叱鲎约旱氖孢m圈。后來(lái)作者嘗試說(shuō)“是”，逐漸收獲了許多新的人生體驗(yàn)?！?題詳解】第6頁(yè)/共23頁(yè)細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Saying“no”toeverythingjustfeltnatural,andthetwolettersslidmytonguesowellthateventuallypeoplestoppedaskingmetodothings.(對(duì)所有事情說(shuō)“不”對(duì)我來(lái)說(shuō)很自然，這兩個(gè)字母很順口地就從我的舌尖滑出，以至于最終人們不再讓我做事情了)”可知，作者對(duì)所有事情說(shuō)“不”已經(jīng)成為習(xí)慣，所以最終人們不再讓他幫忙是因?yàn)樗麄円呀?jīng)知道了他的回應(yīng)。故選C?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“OneofmyfavoritepoemsfromtheBiblehasalwaysbeen,“Sheisclothedwithstrengthanddignity,andshelaughswithoutfearofthefuture”,butIneveractuallylaughedordidanythingwithoutfearingwhatwouldhappennext.So,withasuddenurge,Idecidedtostartsaying“yes”aslongasitwasn’tillegalanddidn’tviolatemyownmoralcode.(她笑著面對(duì)未來(lái)，無(wú)所畏懼”，但實(shí)際上我從來(lái)沒(méi)有在不擔(dān)心接下來(lái)會(huì)發(fā)生什么的情況下笑過(guò)或做過(guò)任何“是”。)”可知，作者從圣經(jīng)中的這首詩(shī)里意識(shí)到，詩(shī)中描述的人無(wú)畏于未來(lái)，而自己卻總是害怕接下來(lái)會(huì)發(fā)生什么，所以決定開(kāi)始說(shuō)“是”，由此可推斷作者從詩(shī)中學(xué)到了容忍不確定性是必要的。故選A?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Ofcoursethischangehashadbothgoodandbadoutes,rangingfromfunmemoriestolotsofworkandmakingsemicostlymistakes,leadingtotheunavoidableblamesfrommyboss.(當(dāng)然，這種改變有好有壞的結(jié)果，從有趣的回憶到大量的工作，還犯了一些代價(jià)不小的錯(cuò)誤，導(dǎo)致不可避免地受到老板的責(zé)備。)”可知，說(shuō)“是”給作者帶來(lái)了各種新體驗(yàn)，有好有壞，包括很多工作更多任務(wù)以及因?yàn)椴荒芗芯Χ噶艘恍┐鷥r(jià)不小的錯(cuò)誤，即帶來(lái)了更多任務(wù)和更少的專注度。故選D?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文及最后一段“Realityisthatweallhavedreams,butmostofusmakeexcusesfornotpursuingthem.It’smorelikeamatterofinertia,ofjustignoringthedreams,ofmaintainingthepresentsituation.“No”keepseverythingpredictable.Butyoucanbreakoutofyourfortzoneandgetmoreoutoflifethroughthesimplepowerof“yes”.(量從生活中獲得更多。)”可知，文章講述了作者從習(xí)慣說(shuō)“不”到嘗試說(shuō)“是”，打破了自己的舒適區(qū)，獲得了新的體驗(yàn)，即生活會(huì)回報(bào)那些敢于嘗試的人。故選B。CThe“l(fā)ipstickreferstotheideathatwomenpurchasemorelipstickswhentheeconomyisinbadshape.A2020studypublishedbytheJournalofBehavioralandExperimentalEconomicsinvestigatedthespending第7頁(yè)/共23頁(yè)habitsofwomenaging1840duringthe2007recession(衰退).Theyfoundariseinmakeuppurchasesduringtheyearswhenmoneywasthetightest.Thereareafewtheoriesthattrytoexplainthisseeminglyimpracticaltrend.Ina2021articlepublishedintheJournalofPersonalityandSocialPsychology,researcherstheorizedthatthe“l(fā)ipstickwasaresultofevolutionarymatingpsychology.“Thelipstickreflectsastrategicshiftinwomen’sconsumerbehaviorthatisguidedbythedesiretoattractthematestheymostdesireinanenvironmentwheretheyarerare,”theresearchersconcluded.Thoughthispaperisfrequentlycited,a2020studypublishedintheJournalofBehavioralandExperimentalEconomicssuggestedthatthewomenwhocontributedtotheincreaseincosmeticpurchasesincludedanevenmixtureofmarriedandsinglewomen,employedandunemployed.Itturnsout,themostpopularlipstickcolorforwomentobuyiscontrarytowhatmenfindthemost.Thatsaid,therearevariouspotentialreasonswhylipstickpurchasesincreasewhentheeconomyisdown,andtheyhavenothingtodowithmatingandthemalestare.“Perhapspeoplesimplytradedowntocheaperluxuryandfeelgoodpurchaseswhenmoneygetstight,”consumerpsychologistattheUniversityoftheArts,London,Dr.PaulMarsden,toldByrdie.Thisisagreatassumption,consideringasurveyconductedbyEbatesfoundthat51.8%ofadultAmericanspurchaseproductswhentheyareseekingtoimprovetheirmood.However,therehasyettobeanyconclusiveevidenceexplainingthe“l(fā)ipstickeffect”.Whetherit’slipstick,singleusefacials,oranewbook,purchasinglowcostluxuryitemscanbeapickmeupinthefaceoftoughtimes.8.Whatcanweknowfromthe2021article?A.Itdidnotobservesinglewomen’sbehavior.B.Itshowednorespectforfemaleconsumers.C.Itnarrowedwomen’sconsumptionmotives.D.Itjustpaidattentiontocosmeticmarkets.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“bewitching”meaninParagraph4?A.Economical.B.Inviting.C.Shocking.D.Luxurious.10.Whatdoesthe“l(fā)ipstickmainlydiscuss?A.Shiftsofmarketingstrategiesinrecessions.B.Consumptionpsychologyofyoungadults.CCausesoffemales’lowpurchasingpower.第8頁(yè)/共23頁(yè)D.Preferenceofbuyingaffordableproducts.Whatcanbeinferredfromthelasttwoparagraphs?A.Peopleinbadeconomictimestrytoliftspirits.B.PaulMarsdenaconclusiveexplanation.C.Ebates’sfindingcontradictedPaulMarsden’sD.OverhalfofAmericansfromeconomicrecession.【答案】8.C9.B10.DA【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了“口紅效應(yīng)”以及引起“口紅效應(yīng)”的心理動(dòng)機(jī)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Ina2021articlepublishedintheJournalofPersonalityandSocialPsychology,researcherstheorizedthatthe“l(fā)ipstickwasaresultofevolutionarymatingpsychology.(在2021年發(fā)表在)”可知，2021據(jù)第三段中的“thewomenwhocontributedtotheincreaseincosmeticpurchasesincludedanevenmixtureofmarriedandsinglewomen,employedandunemployed(推動(dòng)化妝品消費(fèi)增長(zhǎng)的女性包括已婚和單身女性，有工作的和沒(méi)有工作的女性)”可知，推動(dòng)化妝品消費(fèi)增長(zhǎng)的女性包括已婚和單身女性、有工作的和無(wú)工作的女性。由此可見(jiàn)，這些女性的身份和婚姻狀況不同，購(gòu)買化妝品的動(dòng)機(jī)也不僅僅是為了吸引配偶。所以2021年的文章中縮小了女性的消費(fèi)動(dòng)機(jī)。故選C?！?題詳解】詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第四段中的“therearevariouspotentialreasonswhylipstickpurchasesincreasewhentheeconomyisdown,andtheyhavenothingtodowithmatingandthemalegaze(經(jīng)濟(jì)不景氣時(shí)口紅銷量增加的潛在原因有很多，但它們與擇偶和男性目光無(wú)關(guān))”可知，女性購(gòu)買口紅的動(dòng)機(jī)，與擇偶和吸引男性目光沒(méi)有關(guān)系。因此，口紅顏色對(duì)男性并不是最有吸引力的。inviting可意為“有吸引力的”，與劃線詞意思相近。故選B。【10題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“Theyfoundariseinmakeuppurchasesduringtheyearswhenmoneywasthetightest.Thereareafewtheoriesthattrytoexplainthisseeminglyimpracticaltrend.(他們發(fā)現(xiàn)，在經(jīng)濟(jì)最緊張的年份，化妝品的購(gòu)買量會(huì)增加。有一些理論試圖解釋這種看似不切實(shí)際的趨勢(shì))”以及最后一段中的“However,therehasyettobeanyconclusiveevidenceexplainingthe“l(fā)ipstickeffect”.Whetherit’slipstick,第9頁(yè)/共23頁(yè)singleusefacials,oranewbook,purchasinglowcostluxuryitemscanbeapickmeupinthefaceoftoughtimes.(然而，目前還沒(méi)有任何確鑿的證據(jù)來(lái)解釋“口紅效應(yīng)”。無(wú)論是口紅、一次性面部護(hù)理，還是一本新書，購(gòu)買低成本的奢侈品都可以讓你在艱難時(shí)期振作起來(lái))”可知，在人們?nèi)卞X的時(shí)候，包含口紅在內(nèi)的化妝品紅效應(yīng)”指代偏好購(gòu)買價(jià)格合理的產(chǎn)品。故選D?！绢}詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段中的““Perhapspeoplesimplytradedowntocheaperluxuryandfeelgoodpurchaseswhenmoneygetstight,”consumerpsychologistattheUniversityoftheArts,London,Dr.PaulMarsden,toldByrdie.Thisisagreatassumption,consideringasurveyconductedbyEbatesfoundthat51.8%ofadultAmericanspurchaseproductswhentheyareseekingtoimprovetheirmood.(倫敦藝術(shù)大學(xué)的消費(fèi)心理學(xué)家保羅·馬斯登博士告訴ByrdieEbates進(jìn)行的一項(xiàng)調(diào)查發(fā)現(xiàn)，51.8%的美國(guó)成年人在尋求改善情緒時(shí)購(gòu)買產(chǎn)品，這是一個(gè)很好的假設(shè))”可知，在經(jīng)濟(jì)不景氣時(shí)期，人們?cè)噲D振奮精神。故選A。DHistoryasitisstudiedtodaybeginswiththeearliestcivilizationswhichleftvisualandliteraryevidencewhichhistorianscancollect,analyseandinterpret.historiansbeginwiththeMesopotamians,theAncientEgyptians,andespeciallytheAncientGreeks.Thesemightbethefirstcivilizationstoproduceplextexts,artandarchitecturetowhichwestillhavesomeaccessinthetwentyfirstcentury.Historiansstudythesourceevidenceleftbythepeopleoftheseperiodsinordertounderstandwho,how,whyandwhattheywere.arethentaughttoformdifferinginterpretationsbyotherhistorianswithinourowntheoriesandresearch,inordertocreateabalanced,informedandanalyticalarticle,bookordocumentary.Thearticlemustremaindispassionateandaimtowardsobjectivity,removinganysubjectiveprejudicewhichmightemergebeforeandduringresearch.However,itistoolimitinganditcanpaintafalsepictureofthepasttobothprofessionalandrecreationalreaders,byfocusingtoonarrowlyoncertaineventsorindividualsandpletelyignoringotherseeminglylessimportanteventsorindividuals,throughalackofeitherevidenceorinterest.Historyasaseriesofeventscoversthelivesofbillionsofpeoplefromeverycountryforthousandsofyears.Eachindividual'sactionsandeverydaylife,fromtheirbirthuntiltheirdeath,whetheremperororpeasant,ishistory,andworthyofstudyinitsownright.Furthermore,tobeobjectiveinanhistoricalessay,onemustbeseparatedfromone'sstudy,havingnoemotionalreactiontotheevidenceandmaintainingatoleranceandrelativitytohistoricalcontext,sothatthe第10頁(yè)/共23頁(yè)evidencewillnotbedestroyedbymodernpreconceptions(成見(jiàn)).However,absoluteseparation,whetherthroughattemptedobjectivityordistanceoftime,isuselesstohistoricalstudy.Pureobjectivitycanneverberealizedasweareallhighlysubjective,emotionalbeings,andwhatwewritewillalwaysreflectthis:itiswhatmakesushuman,andhumanityiswhatwestudy.12.Howdidtheearliestcivilizationshelphistorians?A.Byprovidingfirsthandmaterials.B.Byrecordinganalyticalskills.C.Bysimplifyinghistoricalresearch.D.Bypresentingvaluableworks.13.What'sthedifferencebetweentheformerandpresenthistorians?A.Approachestotextanalysis.B.Analysisofhistoricalnovels.C.Attitudestopreviousresearch.D.tostaysubjective.14.Whyispureobjectivitycriticizedaccordingtothepassage?A.Itignoreseventswithnosignificance.B.Itcutsthetiesbetweencertainevents.C.Itshowsanunclearimageofthepast.D.Itactsagainsthumanbeings'nature.15.Whatisthesuitabletitleforthepassage?A.History:TheSubjectAffectedbySocialEnvironment.B.History:TheStudyoftheSubjectiveandUnimportant.C.Subjectivity:AnElementHardtoOvereforPeople.D.Subjectivity:AnElementBeneficialtoOldCivilizations.【答案】12.A13.C14.D15.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇議論文。文章論述了歷史研究工作并非純粹客觀的，會(huì)受到研究者自身主觀心態(tài)和所處環(huán)境的影響?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“Historyasitisstudiedtodaybeginswiththeearliestcivilizationswhichleftvisualandliteraryevidencewhichhistorianscancollect,analyseandinterpret.(今天所研究的歷史始于最早的文明，這些文明留下了歷史學(xué)家可以收集、分析和解釋的視覺(jué)和文學(xué)證據(jù))”可知，最早的文明通過(guò)提供第一手資料幫助歷史學(xué)家。故選A。【13題詳解】第11頁(yè)/共23頁(yè)Historiansstudythesourceevidenceleftbythepeopleoftheseperiodsinordertounderstandwho,how,whyandwhattheywere.arethentaughttoformdifferinginterpretationsbyotherhistorianswithinourowntheoriesandresearch,inordertocreateabalanced,informedandanalyticalarticle,bookordocumentary.(我們被教導(dǎo)在我們自己的理論和研究中形成其他歷史學(xué)家的不同解釋，以創(chuàng)造一篇平衡的、見(jiàn)多識(shí)廣的、分析性的文章、書籍或紀(jì)錄片)”可知，過(guò)去的歷史學(xué)家研究這些時(shí)期人們留下的原始證據(jù)，如今我們會(huì)在自己的理論和研究中形成不同的見(jiàn)解，從而創(chuàng)造各類文化作品。這種差異會(huì)造成過(guò)去和現(xiàn)在的歷史學(xué)家對(duì)先前研究的態(tài)度或看法不同。故選C?！?4題詳解】Pureobjectivitycanneverberealizedasweareallhighlysubjective,emotionalbeings,andwhatwewritewillalwaysreflectthis:itiswhatmakesushuman,andhumanityiswhatwestudy.(純粹的客觀性永遠(yuǎn)不可能實(shí)現(xiàn)，因?yàn)槲覀兌际歉叨戎饔^的、情緒化的生物，我們寫的東西總是反映出這一點(diǎn)：它使我們成為人類，人性是我們研究的對(duì)象)”由此可見(jiàn)，人類的本質(zhì)決定了歷史研究不可能是純粹客觀的。故選D?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。第一段是引入研究背景；第二段通過(guò)不同歷史學(xué)家的見(jiàn)解引出客觀性這一問(wèn)題；第三段講述的是過(guò)度強(qiáng)調(diào)客觀性的危害，即導(dǎo)致我們忽視那些看似不重要的事件或人物；第四段從人的本質(zhì)角度解釋了純粹的客觀性不會(huì)實(shí)現(xiàn)的原因。由此可見(jiàn)，文章講述了歷史研究工作并非純粹客觀的，會(huì)受到研究者自身主觀心態(tài)和所處環(huán)境的影響。B項(xiàng)“歷史：主觀性和不重要事物的研究”為最佳標(biāo)題。故選B。第二節(jié)共5小題；每小題分，滿分分)Peopleonlyexhibittheirbestmomentsonsocialmedia.Somecelebritiesareairbrushed(美化)orhidethetruthoftheirplasticsurgery.Manypeoplephotoshoptheirfacesandbodiestolookexactlyhowtheywant.____16____Itseemsthatallthepeopleareinpursuitofpresentingtheirbestimages.Beyondthese“bestimages”,somesocialmediaheavilypromoteeatingdisordercultureandunhealthyattitudesaboutfoodandweightingeneral.Somesocialmediaalsopromoteoverexercising.____17____However,pushingyourselftoohardcanbeharmfulandcontributestosomeeatingdisorders.Whensomeoneisexercisingalot,theyneedtoeatmoretofueltheirbody,butsomepeopleareofteneatinglessthantheyshouldwhilepushingtheirbodiesbeyondthelimit.____18____Basically,peoplewhostrugglewitheatingdisorderstendtothinkthattheyaren’t“sickenough”.第12頁(yè)/共23頁(yè)Iftheyencounterotherswitheatingdisorders,theyconstantlyparethemselves.Thus,people,usingsocialmedia,needtoavoidpostingvideosorpictureswithbodychecking,constantweighing,orcaloriecounting.Thistypeofcontentsimplyisn’thelpfulforanyone.Soifyoufeellikeyouneedtoloseweight,discussitwithyourdoctorandmakeapersonalizedplan.____19____Asforme,I’velearnedalotfrommyownstrugglewithaneatingdisorder.Duringmytreatment,themoststrikingthingmynutritionistsaidtomewas,“____20____”She’sabsolutelyright.Selfloveisn’talwaysrealistic;selfacceptanceismuchbetter.A.needtoloveyourbody.B.yourselfaswhatyouare.C.Indeed,properexercisingishealthy.D.Alotoftheactualphotosarestraightupfake.E.Therearecountlessmethodsofchangingtheirbodies.F.Don’tlistentostrangerswhodon’tknowyouoryourbody.G.It’sessentialtoavoidpostingthingsthatcouldcausebodyimageissues.【答案】16.E17.C18.G19.F20.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章論述了社交視頻平臺(tái)造成人們飲食失調(diào)的問(wèn)題?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Peopleonlyexhibittheirbestmomentsonsocialmedia.Somecelebritiesareairbrushed(美化)orhidethetruthoftheirplasticsurgery.Manypeoplephotoshoptheirfacesandbodiestolookexactlyhowtheywant.(人們只會(huì)在社交媒體上展示自己最美好的時(shí)刻。一些名人被美化或隱瞞他們整容的真相。許多人把自己的臉和身體PS成他們想要的樣子。)”可知，前文列舉了社交媒體上很多使自己變美的例子，故此空是對(duì)前文的總結(jié)，故EE。【17題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Beyondthese“bestimages”,somesocialmediaheavilypromoteeatingdisordercultureandunhealthyattitudesaboutfoodandweightingeneral.Somesocialmediaalsopromoteoverexercising.(除了這些“最佳圖片”，一些社交媒體還大力宣傳飲食失調(diào)文化，以及對(duì)食物和體重的不健康態(tài)度。一些社交媒體也提倡過(guò)度鍛煉。)”以及后文“However,pushingyourselftoohardcanbeharmfulandcontributestosomeeatingdisorders.()文化以及對(duì)食物和體重的不健康態(tài)度。很多同樣的創(chuàng)造者也在提倡過(guò)度鍛煉，本句與后文構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折，指出第13頁(yè)/共23頁(yè)適當(dāng)?shù)腻憻捠怯泻锰幍?。故CC?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)后文“Basically,peoplewhostrugglewitheatingdisorderstendtothinkthattheyaren’t“sickenough”.Iftheyencounterotherswitheatingdisorders,theyconstantlyparethemselves.Thus,people,usingsocialmedia,needtoavoidpostingvideosorpictureswithbodychecking,constantweighing,orcaloriecounting.Thistypeofcontentsimplyisn’thelpfulforanyone.Soifyoufeellikeyouneedtoloseweight,discussitwithyourdoctorandmakeapersonalizedplan.(基本上，與飲食失調(diào)作斗爭(zhēng)的人傾向于認(rèn)為他們“病得還不夠”。如果他們遇到其他飲食失調(diào)的人，他們會(huì)不斷地比較自己。因此，人們?cè)谑褂蒙缃幻襟w時(shí)，需要避免發(fā)布檢查身體、持續(xù)稱重或計(jì)算卡路里的視頻或圖片。這種類型的內(nèi)容對(duì)任何人都沒(méi)有幫助。所以，如果你覺(jué)得你需要減肥，和你的醫(yī)生討論一下，制定一個(gè)個(gè)性化的計(jì)劃。)”可知，后文提到那些與飲食失調(diào)作斗爭(zhēng)的人往往認(rèn)為自己“病得不夠重”。如果他們遇到其他飲食失調(diào)的人，他們會(huì)不斷地比較。因此，創(chuàng)作者需要避免發(fā)布帶有身體檢查、強(qiáng)迫性的稱重或卡路里計(jì)算的視頻或圖片。故G選項(xiàng)“避免發(fā)布可能引起身體形象問(wèn)題的東G?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Soifyoufeellikeyouneedtoloseweight,discussitwithyourdoctorandmakeapersonalizedplan.()討論制定減肥計(jì)劃，推測(cè)本句是在說(shuō)明關(guān)于減肥建議的注意事項(xiàng)。故F選項(xiàng)“不要聽(tīng)不了解你和你身體的F?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)后文“Selfloveisn’talwaysrealistic;selfacceptanceismuchbetter.(得多。)”可知，后文提到了要自我接受，即建議接受自己本來(lái)的樣子，做自己。故B符合語(yǔ)境，故選B。第三部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用共兩節(jié)，滿分分)第一節(jié)共小題；每小題1分，滿分分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的、、、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Ilovedmakingdiscoveriesandpublishingrelevantpapers.Butafterbeingapostdoctoralresearcher,Ifeltlostinthefine____21____oftheresearchanddesiredtoseeabiggerpicture.AsIstruggled,emailskeptpouringin,____22____myinstitutewasgoingtoholdanacademicmeeting.Mycuriositywas____23____.CouldIfindameaningfulcareeroutside____24____?Theeducationpanel(小組)____25____me.Itwaseyeopeningtohearscientistsdescribehowtheyhad第14頁(yè)/共23頁(yè)shiftedto____26____atmuseumsorresearchinstitutes,wheretheysharedscientific____27____withthepublic.Iaskedthepanelistsforadviceonhowtofollowtheirfootsteps.Anewsetof____28____mademerealizemynewpathwasn'tasstraightforwardastheacademicroute.Thoughcloseto40yearsold,Ichosetobe____29____anddowhatsuitedme.Inthe10yearsasateacher,Ihavetriedtobreakdown_____30_____conceptsintosimpleparts.Mysciencetraininghasguidedstudentsthroughlabsandhelpedthemrealizeno"_____31_____"answerexists.Ihaveenjoyedsharingmyresearch_____32_____withthem,includinghowoftenexperimentsfailed.It'ssatisfyingtothinkI'vemadetoguidetheirlivesinnew_____33_____,howeverbigorsmall.Isometimes_____34_____lookbackonmyresearchcareer.ButwhenIseetheimmediateimpactIammakingonyoungpeople'slives,Iknowmynewpathisagood_____35_____formyskillsandpassions.Scientistseinmanyformsandcanservesocietyindifferentways.21.A.remarksB.intentionsC.profitsD.details22.A.announcingB.noticingC.promisingD.speaking23.A.understoodB.fueledC.observedD.denied24.A.theoryB.academiaC.scienceD.imagination25.A.huntedforB.referredtoC.appealedtoD.allowedfor26.A.positionsB.classroomsC.librariesD.27.A.figuresB.evaluationsC.knowledgeD.evidences28.A.categoriesB.alternativesC.assumptionsD.setbacks29.A.reflectiveB.courageousC.outstandingD.optimistic30.A.broadB.narrowC.fundamentalD.plex31.A.accurateB.concreteC.clearD.influential32.A.experiencesB.thoughtsC.subjectsD.backgrounds33.A.ordersB.regionsC.directionsD.functions34.A.joyouslyB.carelesslyC.sadlyD.freely35.A.guaranteeB.appreciationC.reasonD.match【答案】21.D22.A23.B24.B25.C26.A27.C28.D29.B30.D31.A32.A33.C34.C35.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇記敘文，講述了一位博士后研究員從學(xué)術(shù)研究轉(zhuǎn)向教育領(lǐng)域的心路歷程，最終在教學(xué)第15頁(yè)/共23頁(yè)中找到人生價(jià)值的故事?！?1題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：但在成為博士后研究員之后，我感到迷失在研究的細(xì)節(jié)中，希望看到更大的未來(lái)。A.remarks評(píng)論；B.intentions意圖；C.profits利潤(rùn)；D.detailsdesiredtoseeabiggerpicture”可知，此處指陷入研究細(xì)節(jié)的困擾。故選D?！?2題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)我掙扎時(shí)，郵件不斷涌入，宣布我的研究所將舉行學(xué)術(shù)會(huì)議。A.announcing宣布；B.noticing注意；C.promising承諾；D.speaking說(shuō)話。根據(jù)上文“emailskeptpouringin”可知，郵件內(nèi)容應(yīng)是宣布會(huì)議消息。故選A?！?3題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我的好奇心被激發(fā)。A.understood理解；B.fueled激發(fā)；C.observed觀察；D.denied否認(rèn)。根據(jù)后文“CouldIfindameaningfulcareeroutside4?”可知，作者對(duì)學(xué)術(shù)外的職業(yè)產(chǎn)生好奇。故選B?！?4題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我能否在學(xué)術(shù)界之外找到有意義的職業(yè)？A.theory理論；B.academia學(xué)術(shù)界；C.science科學(xué)；D.imagination想象。前文提到博士后經(jīng)歷，以及下文“Inthe10yearsasateacher”可知，作者想知道能否在學(xué)術(shù)界之外找到有意義的職業(yè)。故選B?！?5題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：教育小組吸引了我。A.huntedfor尋找；B.referredto提及；C.appealedto吸引；D.allowedfor允許。根據(jù)后文“eyeopening”可知，作者被小組內(nèi)容吸引。故選C?！?6題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：聽(tīng)科學(xué)家們描述他們?nèi)绾无D(zhuǎn)到博物館或研究機(jī)構(gòu)工作，在那里他們與公眾分享科學(xué)知識(shí)，這讓人大開(kāi)眼界。A.positions職位；B.classrooms教室；C.libraries圖書館；D.辦公室。根據(jù)上文“Itwaseyeopeningtohearscientistsdescribehowtheyhadshiftedto”以及下文“museumsorresearchinstitutes”可知，聽(tīng)科學(xué)家們描述他們?nèi)绾无D(zhuǎn)到博物館或研究機(jī)構(gòu)工作。故選A?！?7題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：聽(tīng)科學(xué)家們描述他們?nèi)绾无D(zhuǎn)到博物館或研究機(jī)構(gòu)工作，在那里他們與公眾分享科學(xué)知識(shí)，這讓人大開(kāi)眼界。A.figures數(shù)字；B.evaluations評(píng)估；C.knowledge知識(shí)；D.evidences證據(jù)。根據(jù)上文“hearscientists”以及下文“withthepublic”可知，與公眾分享的是科學(xué)知識(shí)。故選C?！?8題詳解】第16頁(yè)/共23頁(yè)A.A.categories類別；B.alternatives替代品；C.assumptions假設(shè)；D.setbacks挫折。根據(jù)下文“mynewpathwasn'tasstraightforwardastheacademicroute.”可知，指轉(zhuǎn)型中的困難。故選D?！?9題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：雖然快40歲了，但我選擇勇敢地做適合我的事情。A.reflective反思的；B.courageous勇敢的；C.outstanding杰出的；D.optimistic樂(lè)觀的。根據(jù)上文“Thoughcloseto40yearsold”以及下文“dowhatsuitedme.”可知，轉(zhuǎn)型需要勇氣，與年齡形成對(duì)比。故選B。【30題詳解】A.broad廣泛的；B.narrow狹窄的；C.fundamental基礎(chǔ)的；D.plex復(fù)雜的。根據(jù)下文“intosimpleparts.”可知，嘗試將復(fù)雜的概念分解為簡(jiǎn)單部分。故選D?！?1題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我的科學(xué)訓(xùn)練引導(dǎo)學(xué)生通過(guò)實(shí)驗(yàn)，幫助他們認(rèn)識(shí)到?jīng)]有“準(zhǔn)確”的答案。A.accurate準(zhǔn)確的；B.concrete具體的；C.clear清晰的；D.influentialMysciencetraininghasguidedstudentsthroughlabs”可知，幫助他們認(rèn)識(shí)到?jīng)]有“準(zhǔn)確”的答案。故選A?！?2題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我喜歡分享研究經(jīng)歷，包括實(shí)驗(yàn)失敗經(jīng)歷。A.experiences經(jīng)歷；B.thoughts想法；C.subjects科目；D.backgrounds背景。根據(jù)下文“includinghowoftenexperimentsfaile