專

題

09閱讀還原一輪復(fù)習(xí)講練測(cè)英語(yǔ)01考情透視·目標(biāo)導(dǎo)航02知識(shí)導(dǎo)圖·思維引航03考點(diǎn)突破·考法探究目錄CONTENTS題型考查頻次命題預(yù)測(cè)閱讀還原10年10考

考情透視·目標(biāo)導(dǎo)航閱讀還原一般有200-250個(gè)單詞左右，常見(jiàn)題型為5選5、6選5、7選5。體裁以說(shuō)明文、記敘文為主。題型以段中句為主，段首句和段尾句為輔。話題與當(dāng)代社會(huì)生活緊密相關(guān)、人文氣息濃厚，引導(dǎo)學(xué)生關(guān)愛(ài)自我、關(guān)愛(ài)社會(huì)、熱愛(ài)生活。語(yǔ)篇模式也較為固定：依次是提出問(wèn)題、分析問(wèn)題、最后是提供解決方案；主要考查考生的做題技能和閱讀判斷能力?？疾榈姆较虼笾驴煞譃橹髦几爬ň洌ㄎ恼抡w內(nèi)容）、過(guò)渡性句子（文章結(jié)構(gòu)）和注釋性句子（上下文邏輯意義）三類。知識(shí)導(dǎo)圖·思維引航

閱讀還原解題策略

讀全文-速讀全文，了解大意

看位置-看題目位于段首，段中還是斷尾

找聯(lián)系-尋找題目前后在詞匯，意義上的聯(lián)系段首題

思邏輯-思考題目前后在行文上的邏輯關(guān)系

析選項(xiàng)=分析選項(xiàng)特征，預(yù)測(cè)所在文中的位置

主旨句-常以段落小標(biāo)題或主題句的形式出現(xiàn)

承上啟下句-空處答案能將上段和本段內(nèi)容連貫起來(lái)段尾句段中題總結(jié)句：用語(yǔ)總結(jié)本段內(nèi)容常含有總結(jié)性詞語(yǔ)承上啟下句：答案能將本段和下段內(nèi)容連貫起來(lái)

讀并列或遞進(jìn)關(guān)系-first等

轉(zhuǎn)折或讓步關(guān)系-however等

因果關(guān)系-such…as…等

解釋例證關(guān)系-看前后句知識(shí)導(dǎo)圖·思維引航中考英語(yǔ)閱讀還原題型，即從多個(gè)備選項(xiàng)中選擇合適句子填入文章空缺處使文章內(nèi)容完整、邏輯連貫?？蓮囊韵聨讉€(gè)方面構(gòu)建答題思維：快速瀏覽全文，把握主旨關(guān)注文章首段與尾段：首段往往會(huì)引入主題，點(diǎn)明文章要討論的核心內(nèi)容；尾段一般總結(jié)全文，重申觀點(diǎn)或得出結(jié)論。留意高頻詞匯和關(guān)鍵語(yǔ)句：文中反復(fù)出現(xiàn)的詞匯通常與主題緊密相關(guān)，是把握文章主旨的重要線索。關(guān)鍵語(yǔ)句如每段的首句或尾句，常概括了該段的主要內(nèi)容。分析選項(xiàng)特征明確各選項(xiàng)的核心內(nèi)容：快速提煉每個(gè)選項(xiàng)的關(guān)鍵信息，判斷其大致的主題方向。觀察選項(xiàng)的邏輯關(guān)聯(lián)詞：若選項(xiàng)中出現(xiàn)“but”“however”等轉(zhuǎn)折詞，表明該選項(xiàng)與前文會(huì)形成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系；出現(xiàn)“and”“also”等詞，意味著與前文是并列或遞進(jìn)關(guān)系；“because”“so”

等詞提示因果關(guān)系。答題思維知識(shí)導(dǎo)圖·思維引航結(jié)合上下文，精準(zhǔn)匹配依據(jù)詞匯線索匹配：空缺處前后文中的詞匯會(huì)與正確選項(xiàng)存在呼應(yīng)關(guān)系，可能是原詞重現(xiàn)、同義詞、近義詞或反義詞。遵循邏輯關(guān)系匹配：分析空缺處上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，如因果、轉(zhuǎn)折、并列、遞進(jìn)等，選擇符合該邏輯的選項(xiàng)。若前文講述某件事情的好處，后文轉(zhuǎn)折說(shuō)存在問(wèn)題，那么中間空缺處可能需要一個(gè)表示轉(zhuǎn)折的過(guò)渡句?？紤]內(nèi)容連貫匹配：確保所選選項(xiàng)與上下文在內(nèi)容上緊密相連，語(yǔ)義通順。代入驗(yàn)證，查漏補(bǔ)缺將所選選項(xiàng)代入原文：完成所有空缺處的選擇后，把每個(gè)選項(xiàng)代入文章相應(yīng)位置，通讀全文，檢查文章內(nèi)容是否完整，邏輯是否連貫，語(yǔ)句是否通順。檢查有無(wú)前后矛盾或邏輯不合理之處：若發(fā)現(xiàn)代入某個(gè)選項(xiàng)后，文章出現(xiàn)語(yǔ)義不通、邏輯混亂的情況，如前后觀點(diǎn)沖突、事件發(fā)展順序錯(cuò)亂等，需要重新審視該選項(xiàng)，再次分析上下文，重新選擇。考點(diǎn)突破·考法探究考點(diǎn)一

題型破解1.命題特點(diǎn)：這題型需要學(xué)生拓寬思維的深度和廣度，不再只是簡(jiǎn)單地從句子層面出發(fā)理解和把控詞匯含義和語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)，從而逐步理解篇章意思，而是從更高層次的篇章層面上，立足整體，體會(huì)句子或語(yǔ)段前后的銜接和連貫性，進(jìn)而把握篇章大意和作者寫作思路及其意圖。體裁以說(shuō)明文、記敘文為主。題型以段中句為主，段首句和段尾句為輔。話題與當(dāng)代社會(huì)生活緊密相關(guān)、人文氣息濃厚，引導(dǎo)學(xué)生關(guān)愛(ài)自我、關(guān)愛(ài)社會(huì)、熱愛(ài)生活。語(yǔ)篇模式也較為固定：依次是提出問(wèn)題、分析問(wèn)題、最后是提供解決方案；主要考查考生的做題技能和閱讀判斷能力。命題分布及考查方向：題目的位置固定：有首句、句中、末句與獨(dú)立成段四種情形；考查的方向大致可分為主旨概括句（文章整體內(nèi)容）、過(guò)渡性句子（文章結(jié)構(gòu)）和注釋性句子（上下文邏輯意義）三類。若問(wèn)題在段首，通常是段落主題句。若是針對(duì)段落小標(biāo)題設(shè)空。其呈現(xiàn)形式應(yīng)和其他小標(biāo)題相同。選項(xiàng)應(yīng)短小精評(píng)，多為名詞詞組、動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)或祈使向。若段落首句設(shè)空，段首句要么與段落標(biāo)題相關(guān)聯(lián)，要么是段落主題句。選項(xiàng)要有概括性。2.解題要點(diǎn)一“通讀”

—通讀全文把握大意，二“精讀”—以空位單位，結(jié)合設(shè)空位置和段落結(jié)構(gòu)做出初步判斷。注意先易后難，一時(shí)有困難及時(shí)放一放，三“復(fù)讀”—重點(diǎn)復(fù)讀有疑問(wèn)的選項(xiàng)，從設(shè)空位置、前后句邏輯、段落關(guān)鍵詞入手多方考慮。側(cè)重考查考生對(duì)文章內(nèi)容、結(jié)構(gòu)及上下文邏輯的理解和把握。解題是遇到模棱兩可難以判斷的空時(shí)遵循先易后難的原則，一時(shí)有困難及時(shí)放一放。重點(diǎn)復(fù)讀有疑問(wèn)的選項(xiàng)時(shí)，從設(shè)空位置、前后句邏輯如選項(xiàng)中或者設(shè)空處后面的人稱代詞、段落關(guān)鍵詞入手多方考慮。第1步第2步第3步閱讀七選五多為說(shuō)明文，尋找主題句是掌握全文主旨大意最有效的方法。說(shuō)明文的主題句一般是首段的第一句或第二句，有些會(huì)出現(xiàn)在文章的末尾，閱讀時(shí)要特別關(guān)注這些句子。3.高分技巧第4步閱讀選項(xiàng)，標(biāo)記線索通讀完文章，依次快速瀏覽各個(gè)選項(xiàng)，弄清句子的類別和意義，并找出每個(gè)選項(xiàng)中的線索詞或關(guān)鍵詞，據(jù)此初步確定哪個(gè)選項(xiàng)應(yīng)放在文章的哪個(gè)位置上。詳讀段落，定位選項(xiàng)了解文章大意和選項(xiàng)內(nèi)容之后，再細(xì)讀文章，分析上下文語(yǔ)段之間的邏輯關(guān)系和語(yǔ)義關(guān)系，根據(jù)所標(biāo)記的線索詞和關(guān)鍵詞（如：代詞的作用就是指代前面提及的名詞或句子，根據(jù)指代關(guān)系和代詞的單復(fù)數(shù)差異可以快速解題），進(jìn)一步確定選項(xiàng)。研讀選項(xiàng)，排除干擾盡管答案已選出，但為了避免失誤，對(duì)多余的兩個(gè)選項(xiàng)進(jìn)行進(jìn)一步的研讀，確認(rèn)它們和文章的意義沒(méi)有關(guān)聯(lián)，最終將其排除。1.忌忽略選項(xiàng)。做題時(shí),應(yīng)先把文章后面所給的備選項(xiàng)快速瀏覽一遍,然后帶著這些備選項(xiàng)進(jìn)行閱讀。邊讀邊選出比較簡(jiǎn)單的選項(xiàng),從而提高閱讀效率。2.忌草率行事。在設(shè)計(jì)選項(xiàng)時(shí),命題者往往在幾個(gè)選項(xiàng)中設(shè)計(jì)出一個(gè)或兩個(gè)似是而非的答案。對(duì)所給相似選項(xiàng),要進(jìn)行分析、比較,去偽存真。3.忌囫圇定案。忌考生在未完全讀懂文章時(shí)就匆忙定案。尚未讀懂的地方,一定要聯(lián)系上下文,仔細(xì)多讀幾遍,直到讀懂再定答案。名師解難考點(diǎn)突破·考法探究考點(diǎn)二

解題方法1.問(wèn)題設(shè)在段中解題技巧具體方法（1）盯緊橫線的

前后詞語(yǔ)根據(jù)段落一致性原則，在原文和選項(xiàng)中找到相關(guān)的特征詞。（2）抓住過(guò)渡詞，

看住上下句

看與前文是否是轉(zhuǎn)折或?qū)Ρ汝P(guān)系，此時(shí)要注意在選項(xiàng)中查找表示轉(zhuǎn)折對(duì)比的關(guān)聯(lián)詞，同時(shí)注意選項(xiàng)中所講內(nèi)容是否與前文在同一主題上形成對(duì)立，對(duì)比關(guān)系。看與前文是否是并列或排比關(guān)系，在這種情況下，通常是該段落要求補(bǔ)全說(shuō)明本段主題的其他細(xì)節(jié)。因此，通常選項(xiàng)中會(huì)出現(xiàn)表示并列或遞進(jìn)關(guān)系的關(guān)聯(lián)詞或與前文類似的句式結(jié)構(gòu)，或出現(xiàn)同義詞等其他線索。1.問(wèn)題設(shè)在段首解題技巧具體方法（1）通常是段落的主題句認(rèn)真閱讀后文內(nèi)容，根據(jù)段落一致性原則，查找相關(guān)的詞，推斷出主題句。（2）與后文是并列、轉(zhuǎn)折

或因果關(guān)系等著重閱讀后文第一二句，鎖定線索信號(hào)詞，然后在選項(xiàng)中查找相關(guān)特征詞，通常正確答案的最后一句與空白后的第一句在意思上是緊密銜接的。因此這兩句之間會(huì)有某種的銜接手段。

（3）段落間的過(guò)渡句這時(shí)要瞻前顧后找啟示，即閱讀上一段結(jié)尾部分，通常正確答案與上一段結(jié)尾有機(jī)銜接,并結(jié)合下一段內(nèi)容,看所選的答案是否將兩段內(nèi)容連貫起來(lái)。3.問(wèn)題設(shè)在段尾（1）空白前的一句或兩句是重點(diǎn)語(yǔ)句，重點(diǎn)閱讀以鎖定關(guān)鍵詞。（2）通常是結(jié)論、概括性語(yǔ)句。注意在選項(xiàng)中查找表示結(jié)果、結(jié)論、總結(jié)等的信號(hào)詞：Therefore，asaresult，inshort，tosumup，toconclude，in

aword，allinall，inconclusion等詞語(yǔ)。選項(xiàng)中也可發(fā)現(xiàn)前文的同義詞句。（3）所選答案是引出下一段的內(nèi)容的句子。如果在選項(xiàng)中找不出與前文之間的關(guān)聯(lián)，此時(shí)可考慮與下一段開(kāi)頭是否有一定的銜接，認(rèn)真閱讀下一段開(kāi)頭幾句，看是否與選項(xiàng)的最后一句緊密連接起來(lái)。（4）如果第一段的段尾是空白。要認(rèn)真閱讀，看此處是細(xì)節(jié)還是主題通常文章第一段要提出文章的主題，如果在段尾提出主題，會(huì)用一些信號(hào)詞如轉(zhuǎn)折詞引出來(lái)，正確答案應(yīng)有這樣的特征詞。根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。HowtostudywellEverystudentwantstofindabestwaytostudywell.However,goodgradesmaybegotten

notonlyinonewaybutseveralwaysthatcanhelpyou.Let’sshowsomewaystohelpyoustudywell.Studyeachsubjectfor1hour.1Saveanhourforeachofyoursubjectssoyouhavetimetoreviewthemcompletely.Duringeachpart,onlyfocuson1subjectatatimesoyoucandobetter.2Takeabreakforafewminuteseveryhoursoyoudon’tfeeltired.Studyingtakesupalotofenergy,sospare5-10minuteseveryhourtorelaxyourself.Takeawalk,orhaveasnacktogiveyourselfsomespacefromyourschoolwork.Workinaquietplace.Findaplacewhereyouwon’thavetroublefocusingonwhatyoustudy.Avoidstudyinginaroomwithothernoisypeoplebecauseit’llbehardforyoutofocusandrememberwhatyoustudy.3Rewriteyournotesinyourownwords.4Evenifyoutakenotesinclass,someoftheinformationmaybeleftout.Writethenotesagainonanotherpageorinadifferentnotebooksothatitcanhelpyourememberalltheinformationwell.Goovernotesmanytimes.Repeatnotestoremembertheminyourmind.5Ifyoucanreadtheinformationloudandwriteatleast3timesduringyourstudy,youwillrememberitbetter.實(shí)戰(zhàn)1A．Makeplansforregularbreaks.B．Focusonhardtopicsfirst.C．Trytotakethetestwithoutlookingupanyanswers.D．Keepyourstudytimeshortersoyoudon’tfeeltired.E．Pleasefindaquietplaceattheschoollibrarywhereyoucansit.F．Writingyournotesagainhelpsyourememberinformationmoreeasily.G．Goingoveryournotesonceisn’tenoughtoremembertheinformation.【答案】1．D2．A3．E4．F5．G【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文主要介紹了一些簡(jiǎn)單的學(xué)習(xí)方法。1．根據(jù)上文“Studyeachsubjectfor1hour.”可知，這里談到學(xué)習(xí)時(shí)間每個(gè)學(xué)科一個(gè)小時(shí)，選項(xiàng)D“讓你的學(xué)習(xí)時(shí)間短點(diǎn)因此才不會(huì)太累?！狈险Z(yǔ)境，故選D。2．根據(jù)后文“Takeabreakforafewminuteseveryhoursoyoudon’tfeeltired”可知，每個(gè)小時(shí)休息幾分鐘，選項(xiàng)A“為規(guī)律的休息制定計(jì)劃”符合語(yǔ)境，故選A。3．根據(jù)前文“Workinaquietplace.”可知，找一個(gè)安靜舒適的學(xué)習(xí)場(chǎng)所，選項(xiàng)E“在學(xué)校的圖書館找一個(gè)你能坐下的地方”符合語(yǔ)境，故選E。4．根據(jù)前文“Rewriteyournotesinyourownwords.”可知，用你自己的語(yǔ)言來(lái)重寫你的筆記，選項(xiàng)F“重寫你的筆記可以幫助你更容易記住信息”符合語(yǔ)境，故選F。5．根據(jù)前文“Goovernotesmanytimes.”可知，這里介紹要多次復(fù)習(xí)筆記，選項(xiàng)G“僅僅復(fù)習(xí)一次你的筆記是不足夠去記住信息的”符合語(yǔ)境，故選G。根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后所給的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)?！鬝etaproperaimUnderstandwhyyouwanttochangeandwhatyouwanttodo.Maketheaimclearenough.“I’llget10morepointsinEnglish.”isbetterthan“Iwanttodobetterinmyschoolwork.”7

◆MakeaplanTryingtochangemanythingsallatoncecanbetiringandhard.Makeaplanweeklyormonthly.Divideabigplanintosmallones.Ifyou’retryingtoeathealthierfood,startwithaddingsomevegetablestoyourmealeveryday.◆9

Tellyourfamilyandfriendsaboutyourplan,andtheirsupportcanbeencouraging.What’smore,joininggroupsisalsoagoodidea,asyoucangetvaluableadviceandhelpfromeachother.◆Keeppositive(積極的)Changeoftencomeswithchallengesanddifficulties,sokeepingapositivemindset(心態(tài))isimportant.Don’tbeafraidoffailures.8Adjust(調(diào)整)yourplanifnecessary.Remember,anysmalleffortcounts.◆Bepatient10Ittakestimeandhardwork.Don’texpectquickresults,butfocusonmakingsmallprogresseveryday.Celebratingeverysmallachievementwillhelpyoustaymotivated(有動(dòng)力的)andkeepmovingforward.Changedoesn’thavetobeperfect.Itjusthastobeinprocess.實(shí)戰(zhàn)2A．Getsupport.B．Learnfromtheminsteadofgivingup.C．Changecannotbeachievedovernight.D．Youcanavoidchangesasyougrowup.E．Agoodlearnerwillkeeppracticingwhathehaslearned.F．Herearesomewaysthatcanhelpyouchange.G．Imaginetheexcitingmomentwhenyouachieveyouraim.【答案】6．F7．G8．B9．A10．C【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文介紹了通過(guò)設(shè)定適當(dāng)目標(biāo)、制定計(jì)劃、保持積極心態(tài)、尋求支持和耐心等待來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)生活中的改變。6．根據(jù)下文“◆Setaproperaim”，“◆Makeaplan”，“◆Keeppositive(積極的)”和“◆Bepatient”介紹了一些方法可知，此處是一個(gè)過(guò)渡句，選項(xiàng)F“這里有一些方法可以幫助你改變?！狈险Z(yǔ)境。故選F。7．根據(jù)小標(biāo)題“◆Setaproperaim”和“Understandwhyyouwanttochangeandwhatyouwanttodo.Maketheaimclearenough.”可知，與目標(biāo)相關(guān)，選項(xiàng)G“想象一下當(dāng)你實(shí)現(xiàn)目標(biāo)時(shí)激動(dòng)人心的時(shí)刻?！狈险Z(yǔ)境。故選G。8．根據(jù)上文“Don’tbeafraidoffailures.”可知，不要害怕失敗，再根據(jù)“Adjust(調(diào)整)yourplanifnecessary.”可知，如有必要，調(diào)整你的計(jì)劃，由此推知此處是說(shuō)從失敗中學(xué)習(xí)，選項(xiàng)B“向它們學(xué)習(xí)，而不是放棄。”符合語(yǔ)境。故選B。9．根據(jù)下文“Tellyourfamilyandfriendsaboutyourplan,andtheirsupportcanbeencouraging.”可知，此處指要獲得家人和朋友的支持，選項(xiàng)A“獲得支持?！狈险Z(yǔ)境。故選A。10．根據(jù)小標(biāo)題“◆Bepatient.”和“Ittakestimeandhardwork.”可知，改變不是一蹴而就的，它需要時(shí)間和努力工作，選項(xiàng)C“改變不可能在一夜之間實(shí)現(xiàn)。”符合語(yǔ)境。故選C。Happinessisspecial.Itisn’tjustsomethingthatyoufeelonyourown.11Herearesometipstohelpyoubecomehappier.Loveyourlife.Tospreadhappinesstoothers,itwillbenecessarytoactuallyloveyourlife.12Lookonthebrightside,butbehonest.Ifyou’rehavingabadday,acceptit.13Then,afteryou’veacceptedthefactthat

you’reexperiencingabadday,thinkofwaystomakethesituationbetter.Dosomethingnow.Whenyouarefeelingupset,trytogetmoving.Cleanyourhouse,dothedishes,orstartexercising.14Listentootherpeople.Whenpeopletalktoyou,beagoodlistener.Listentootherswithanopenmind,becauseitwillmakeotherpeoplefeelcaredabout.15Italsoletsyousharethehappinessotherpeoplemightbeexperiencing.實(shí)戰(zhàn)3A．Itgivesussomethingfuntododuringourfreetimeandoffersusthechancetolearnnewskills.B．Itincludesexpressingpositive(積極樂(lè)觀的)feelingstothosearoundyou.C．Bydoingso,youmightunderstandhowotherpeoplearefeeling.D．Youshouldn’tjustignore(忽視)thefactandcontinuetryingtopretend(假裝)tobehappy.E．Ifyouusuallyeatwithyourparents,youwillfindthatthefoodyoueatismoredelicious.F．Youwillfeellikeyouhavefinishedsomething,andthiscanhelpyoufeelhappier.G．Youcanloveyourlifebyfindingandtakingpartintheactivitiesthatyoulove.【答案】11．B12．G13．D14．F15．C【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。主要介紹了可以幫助你變得更快樂(lè)的一些建議。11．根據(jù)上文“Happinessisspecial.Itisn’tjustsomethingthatyoufeelonyourown.”及下文“Loveyourlife.Lookonthebrightside,butbehonest.Dosomethingnow.Listentootherpeople.”可知，說(shuō)的是不只是自己的感受，它也包括向你周圍的人表達(dá)積極的感受，所以，選項(xiàng)B符合語(yǔ)境。故選B。12．根據(jù)上文“Tospreadhappinesstoothers,itwillbenecessarytoactuallyloveyourlife.”可知，說(shuō)的是熱愛(ài)自己的生活，G選項(xiàng)“你可以通過(guò)尋找并參加你喜歡的活動(dòng)來(lái)熱愛(ài)你的生活?！狈险Z(yǔ)境。故選G。13．根據(jù)上文“Ifyou’rehavingabadday,acceptit.”可知，說(shuō)的是接受糟糕的一天，D選項(xiàng)“你不應(yīng)該無(wú)視事實(shí)，繼續(xù)假裝快樂(lè)。”符合語(yǔ)境。故選D。14．根據(jù)上文“Cleanyourhouse,dothedishes,orstartexercising.”打掃房子、洗碗或者開(kāi)始鍛煉。試著動(dòng)起來(lái)，所以，F(xiàn)選項(xiàng)“你會(huì)覺(jué)得你完成了一些事情，這會(huì)讓你感覺(jué)更快樂(lè)?！狈险Z(yǔ)境。故選F。15．根據(jù)上文“Listentootherswithanopenmind,becauseitwillmakeotherpeoplefeelcaredabout.”以開(kāi)放的心態(tài)傾聽(tīng)別人的意見(jiàn)，因?yàn)檫@會(huì)讓別人感到被關(guān)心，由此可知，說(shuō)的是傾聽(tīng)別人的意見(jiàn)，C選項(xiàng)“通過(guò)這樣做，你可能會(huì)理解別人的感受。”符合語(yǔ)境。故選C。Thecoldisknockingatourdoors.Weagainfindourselvesdecidingwhattoweartoprotectusagainstthecold.Animalfurs?Ofcoursenot.Apopularchoiceinrecentyearsisthefleece(搖粒絨).Butwheredidthematerialcomefrom?Andhowdidittakeoverourwardrobes(衣櫥)?Infact,fleecewasn’tsoldtothepublicuntil1981.Beforefleece,therewaswool.PeoplewholivedaroundtheAlpineLakesinSwitzerlandusedwoolforclothingasfarbackasthe7thcenturyBC．Historiansbelievethatithasbeenkeepingourbodieswarmbeforerecordedhistory.Butwoolhassomedisadvantages.First,ittakesinwater.Andwhenitdoes,itsmellsfunny.It’salsoslowtodryanddifficulttoclean.Don’tevenmentionthatitmakesyoufeelitchy(癢的).Andpeoplebegantosearchforabettersubstitute.Theidealmaterialwouldhavenoneofthoseproblemsbutwouldstillbeabletokeepuswarm.Intheearlymaterialproducedbyfashionableasmoreclothingcompaniescreatedtheirownkinds.Itevenbecameapopularmaterialforpetclothing!請(qǐng)認(rèn)真閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Weoftenhaveargumentsinallrelationships.Butthatisnotalwaysabadthing.Sometimeswecanchoosetobeinawin-winsituation.16.Thefollowingsuggestionsmighthelpyou.Treateachotherwithrespect.Ifyourfriendcallsyournamesormakesfunofyou,tellhimorhertostop.17,walkawayandtellhimorheryoudonotwanttotalkanymore.Respecthastobewonandifyouwantpeopletorespectyou,dothesametothem.18.Wheneveryoneistalking,whodoesthelistening?Listentounderstand,nottoreply.Donotbetooquicktojudgewhatyouhear.Listeninginsilenceissometimesstrongerthanarguinginvain.GiveinwhenitisnecessaryIfgivingintootherscanleadtoaniceresult,thereisnoneedtoarguejusttowinsomeoneelse.19.Inaword,weeachshoulddoourownparttodealwitharguments.20.實(shí)戰(zhàn)4A．IfyourfriendcontinuesB．Afterall,solvinganargumentdoesn’thavetobeatug-of-war(拔河)C．WhatisimportantishowwemanagetheargumentD．Ifyoudon’twanttotalkaboutyourfriendE．Themoreyoutalk,thebettertheresultwillbeF．ListentootherpeoplepatientlyG．Inthisway,wecanachieveawin-winsituation【答案】16．C17．A18．F19．B20．G【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文主要針對(duì)如何處理爭(zhēng)論提供了幾點(diǎn)建議。16．根據(jù)“Thefollowingsuggestionsmighthelpyou.”可知，這里是處理爭(zhēng)論的建議，選項(xiàng)C“重要的是我們?nèi)绾翁幚磉@場(chǎng)爭(zhēng)論”符合語(yǔ)境。故選C。17．根據(jù)“Ifyourfriendcallsyournamesor.makesfunofyou,tellhimorhertostop.”及“walkawayandtellhimorheryoudonotwanttotalkanymore”可知，如果朋友取笑你，你可以要求停止，但是如果他不停止，你可以走開(kāi)或者告訴他不想再聊了，選項(xiàng)A“如果你的朋友繼續(xù)”符合語(yǔ)境。故選A。18．根據(jù)“Wheneveryoneistalking,whodoesthelistening?Listentounderstand,nottoreply.Donotbetooquicktojudgewhatyouhear.Listeninginsilenceissometimesstrongerthanarguinginvain.”可知，此處與傾聽(tīng)他人有關(guān)。選項(xiàng)F“耐心地傾聽(tīng)他人”符合語(yǔ)境。故選F。19．根據(jù)“Ifgivingintootherscanleadtoaniceresult,thereisnoneedtoarguejusttowinsomeoneelse.”可知，此處應(yīng)該繼續(xù)解釋。選項(xiàng)B“畢竟，解決爭(zhēng)論不一定是一場(chǎng)拉鋸戰(zhàn)”符合語(yǔ)境。故選B。20．根據(jù)“Inaword,weeachshoulddoourownparttodealwitharguments.”可知，此處是總結(jié)概括的一句話，選項(xiàng)G“這樣，我們就能實(shí)現(xiàn)雙贏”符合語(yǔ)境。故選G。閱讀下面短文，從后面選項(xiàng)中選擇能填入文中的合適的句子，有兩個(gè)選項(xiàng)是多余的。E-wasteisfastbecomingaseriousproblemaroundtheworld.Thisreportwillexaminethisproblemandprovidesomepossiblewaystosolveit.tosolveit.21Itisoftencheapertobuynewproductsthantorepairoldones.Also,throughcleveradvertising,companiesalwaysencouragepeopletochangetheiroldTVs,mobilephonesandcomputersforthelatestmodels.E-wasteiscreatedwhenwethrowawayo0tonsisrecycled.Burying(填埋)e-wasteorburningitcauseseriousproblemsfortheenvironment.22Thesethingscanthengetintothegroundorpollutetheairwhentheyareburnt.23However,theirplansarenotalwaysmanagedproperly.SometimeselectronicsarejustsenttopoorcountriessuchasGhana.Heretheyareoftenburntinpublicareas,whichisverybadforpeople’shealth.Setinguprecyclingcentersisagoodwaytosolvethisproblem.E-cyclingcenterscouldrecyclethepartsthatcanbereusedanddealwiththerestproperly.24Thismeansthatproducersmusttakebackoldproducts.Theyshouldthenmakesureoldproductsareproperlyrecycledorreused.Asforus,weshouldtrytocutdownone-waste.25Anddon’tbuyaproductjusttohavethelatestmodel.E-wasteisaseriousprobleminthemodernworld.Bothproducersandusersmusttakeactionsandtrytokeepittothesmallestamount.實(shí)戰(zhàn)5A．Changeelectronicsonlywhenwehaveto.B．Weliveinasocietythatisproducingandusingelectronicsallthetime.C．Electronicshavedangerousthingsinthem.D．Weshouldchangeourelectronicsassoonaspossible.E．Inrecentyears,manycountrieshavestartedrecyclinge-waste.F．Electronicsaresafethingssowedon’tneedtochangethem.G．Anotherwayistomakeproducersresponsiblefortheirusedproducts.【答案】21．B22．C23．E24．G25．A

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文探討了電子垃圾問(wèn)題及其解決方法。21．根據(jù)下文“Itisoftencheapertobuynewproductsthantorepairoldones….andcomputersforthelatestmodels.”可知人們不斷購(gòu)買新電子產(chǎn)品，商家也不斷鼓勵(lì)人們購(gòu)買新電子產(chǎn)品。選項(xiàng)B“我們生活在一個(gè)無(wú)時(shí)無(wú)刻不在生產(chǎn)和使用電子產(chǎn)品的社會(huì)中?！狈险Z(yǔ)境，故選B。22．根據(jù)下文“Thesethingscanthengetintothegroundorpollutetheairwhentheyareburnt.”可知，“Thesethings”指“dangerousthings”，表達(dá)電子產(chǎn)品中的危險(xiǎn)物質(zhì)可以進(jìn)入土壤中或污染空氣，選項(xiàng)C“電子產(chǎn)品中含有危險(xiǎn)物質(zhì)?！狈险Z(yǔ)境，故選C。23．根據(jù)下文“However,theirplansarenotalwaysmanagedproperly.”可知，“theirplans”指的是許多國(guó)家回收電子垃圾的計(jì)劃，選項(xiàng)E“近年來(lái)，許多國(guó)家已經(jīng)開(kāi)始回收電子垃圾?！狈险Z(yǔ)境，故選E。24．根據(jù)上文“Setinguprecyclingcentersisagoodwaytosolvethisproblem.”可知，已經(jīng)介紹了一個(gè)方法，此處介紹另一個(gè)方法，選項(xiàng)G“另一種方法是讓生產(chǎn)商對(duì)其使用過(guò)的產(chǎn)品負(fù)責(zé)?！狈险Z(yǔ)境，故選G。25．根據(jù)上文“Asforus,weshouldtrytocutdownone-waste.”可知，只在必要的時(shí)候更換電子設(shè)備是減少電子垃圾的方法，選項(xiàng)A“只有在必要時(shí)才更換電子產(chǎn)品?！狈险Z(yǔ)境，故選A。Smartphonesaregettingboring.Thenewmodelsareeitherabitfasterorhavebettercameras,buttheyarenearlynodifferentfromtheonesalreadyinourpockets.Thisiswhyscientistsarehopingandworkingforsomethingnew,somethingthatwillchangeourlivesjustasgreatlyassmartphonesdo.26.Justimagine.Insteadofhavingtopickupyourphone,alloftheinformationyouneedsimplyappearsjustinyourglasses.Satellitenavigation(導(dǎo)航)directionswouldappearrightthereontheroad.Andyoursmartglassescouldguideyoutotherightshelfinthesupermarket!

27.Theycouldshowengineerstheinst