任務(wù)2

初識(shí)數(shù)制學(xué)習(xí)單元一

走進(jìn)計(jì)算機(jī)和信息模塊二

揭秘計(jì)算機(jī)中的信息課堂引入計(jì)算機(jī)中的數(shù)據(jù)是怎樣表示的？任務(wù)介紹/01.數(shù)制的概念Conceptofnumbersystem02.進(jìn)位計(jì)數(shù)制Carrycountingsystem03.二進(jìn)制數(shù)的運(yùn)算規(guī)則OperationrulesofbinarynumbersPART01數(shù)制的概念Conceptofnumbersystem數(shù)制的概念

數(shù)制也稱為“計(jì)數(shù)制”，是用一組固定的符號(hào)和統(tǒng)一的規(guī)則來表示數(shù)值的方法。0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,95346187902.......數(shù)制的概念數(shù)碼在整個(gè)數(shù)中的位置618個(gè)十百123某種數(shù)制中數(shù)碼的個(gè)數(shù)0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9基數(shù)為10數(shù)制中某一位的單位值105.8710-210-1100101102123-2-1數(shù)位

n基數(shù)R位權(quán)Rn-1PART02進(jìn)位計(jì)數(shù)制Carrycountingsystem進(jìn)位計(jì)數(shù)制在日常生活和計(jì)算機(jī)中采用的都是進(jìn)位計(jì)數(shù)制。進(jìn)位制基數(shù)數(shù)碼符號(hào)位權(quán)形式表示進(jìn)位規(guī)則十進(jìn)制二進(jìn)制八進(jìn)制十六進(jìn)制R=10R=2R=8R=160,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,90,10,1,2,3,4,5,6,70,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,A,B,C,D,E,F10n-12n-18n-116n-1DBOH逢十進(jìn)一逢二進(jìn)一逢八進(jìn)一逢十六進(jìn)一同一數(shù)值在不同的進(jìn)制中的表示結(jié)果是不一樣的。進(jìn)位計(jì)數(shù)制0123456789101112131415十進(jìn)制二進(jìn)制八進(jìn)制十六進(jìn)制011011100101110111100010011010101111001101111011110123456710111213141516170123456789ABCDEFPART03二進(jìn)制的運(yùn)算規(guī)則Operationrulesofbinarynumbers二進(jìn)制數(shù)的運(yùn)算規(guī)則減法規(guī)則：0—0=0 1—1=01—

0=1 10—1=1加法規(guī)則：0+0=0 0+1=11+0=11+1=10算術(shù)運(yùn)算除法規(guī)則：0÷0=0 0÷1=0 1÷0（無意義）1÷1=1乘法規(guī)則：0×0=0 0×1=0 1×0=0 1×1=1二進(jìn)制數(shù)的運(yùn)算規(guī)則“與”運(yùn)算規(guī)則：0∧0=00∧1=01∧0=01∧1=1“或”運(yùn)算規(guī)則：0∨0=00∨1=11∨0=11∨1=1邏輯運(yùn)算“非”運(yùn)算規(guī)則：

課堂小結(jié)在科學(xué)上沒有平坦的大道，只有不畏勞苦沿著陡峭山路攀