JISB*090592■49336080510352b12■

UDC62-13:62-755

JAPANESEINDUSTRIALSTANDARD

Rotatingmachines—

Balancequalityrequirements

ofrigidrotors

JISB0905-1992

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TranslatedandPublished

by

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JISB*090592■49336080510354495■

UDC62-13:62-755

JAPANESEINDUSTRIALSTANDARDJIS

Rotatingmachines-BalancequalityB0905-1992

requirementsofrigidrotors

1.Scope

ThisJapaneseIndustrialStandardspecifiesthemethodsofexpressing

balancequalitieswhenrotorsarebalancedasrigidrotors(hereafter

referredtoasthe"balancequalitiesofrotatingmachines")andthegradesthereof,methodsfordeterminingcorrespondingpermissibleresidual

unbalancesandallocatingmethods,aswellasthetreatmentsrelatingtothebalancingofkeys.

Remarks1.Therotorsmeantherotatingsubstancesofwhichjournals

arebeingsupportedbybearings,andtherigidrotors

meantherotorsofwhichaxialloadsdonotexceed

permissiblevaluesduetothedeformationsofthe

rotors,eventhoughthesearebalancedintwoplanes

selectedarbitrarilyandarerotatedunderthesimilar

supportingconditionstothetimeofuseatanarbitraryspeedofnotlargerthanthemaximumspeedofrotation

(SeeJISB0153).

2.Forrotorsotherthantherigidrotors,inthecasewherethesearesubjectedtobalancingasrigidrotors,this

Standardmaybeapplicable。

3.TheequivalentInternationalStandardstothisStandardareasgiveninthefollowing:

ISO1940-1:1986Mechanicalvibration-Balancequality

requirementsofrigidrotors-Part1:

Determinationofpermissibleresidualunbalance

ISO8821:1989Mechanicalvibration-Balancing-Shaft

andfitmentkeyconvention

2.Definitions

ForthepurposeofthisStandard,thefollowingdefinitionsapply(See

JISB0153).

(1)unbalanceTheconditionofmassdistributionofarotorwhich

originatesvibratoryforcesormotionsinbearingsastheresultsofcentrifugalforces.

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Remarks1.Thisissometimesusedasthesynonymoftheamountofunbalanceorunbalancevector.

2.Theunbalanceofarigidrotormaygenerallyresultinthefollowingtypes.

(a)Thestaticunbalanceorcoupleunbalanceexpressedbythethreevectorsonthreeplanesdefined

arbitrary.

(b)Thedynamicunbalanceexpressedbythetwounbalancevectorsontwoplanesdefinedarbitrary.

(2)residualunbalanceAnunbalanceremainingafterbalancing.

(3)specificunbalanceInarigidrotor,aquotientofthestatic

unbalancedividedbythemassoftherotor.Thisisequaltothe

deviationofthecenterofmassoftherotorfromthecenterlineof

theshaft。

(4)balancequalityAquantityindicatingthedegreeofbalanceofarigidrotor,anditistheproductofthespecificunbalanceandacertainspecifiedangularvelocity(See3.1)。

(5)permissibleresidualunbalanceTheamountofthepermissible

maximumresidualunbalance.However,ifitisnotconfusing,itmayalsobecalledthepermissibleunbalance.

(6)permissibleresidualspecificunbalanceAquotientofthe

permissibleresidualunbalancedividedbythemassoftherotor.However,ifitisnotconfusing,itmayalsobecalledthe

permissiblespecificunbalance。

(7)balancingAnoperationtoadjustthemassdistributionofarotor,sothatthevibrationandforcesychronouswiththerotationalspeedwhichareimpartedtothebearingsarewithinthespecifiedlimits.

(8)single-planebalancingInarigidrotor,thebalancingprocedurebywhichtheresidualstaticunbalanceisallowedtobeinacertain

limitbyadjustingthemassdistribution.

(9)two-planebalancingInarigidrotor,thebalancingprocedurebywhichtheresidualdynamicunbalanceisallowedtobeinacertainlimitbyadjustingthemassdistribution.

(10)correctionplaneInarotor,aplaneperpendiculartothecenter

lineoftheshaftinwhichthecorrectionofunbalanceisperformed.

(11)fullkeyThekeytobeusedinthefinalassemblingoftherotatingshafthavingakeywaywiththeparttobeattachedorthekeyequal

tothis,anditisthenameofthekeytobeusedcorrespondingto

thehalfkey,whenitisusedinbalancingprocedure。

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(12)halfkeyThekeytobeusedwhenarotatingshaftoraparttobe

attachedhavingakeywayistobebalancedeachinasinglepiece.

Itsunbalanceisequivalenttotheunbalanceoftheportionofthe

keytobeusedinthefinalassemblingbeinginsertedintothekeywayoftherotatingshaftortheparttobeattached(SeeFig.6).

3.Balancequalities

3.1ExpressionofbalancequalityThebalancequalityshallbe

expressedbytheproduct(mm/s)oftheamountofspecificunbalancee(mm)andthemaximumserviceangularvelocityw(rad/s)ofarotor[Seeformula(1)]、

Balancequality=ew (

1)

Inaddition,ifrotationalspeedn(min-1)isusedinsteadofw,the

balancequalitymayalsobeexpressedasformula(2)。

(

2)

1m.t2valescerreptyderageothoseshalceuantcoedadcewiththabueper

Table1.Balancequalitygrades

Unit:mm/s

Balancequalitygrade

G0.4

G1

G2.5

G6.3

G16

G40

G100

G250

G630

G1600

G4000

Upperlimitvalueofbalancequality

0.4

1

2.5

6.3

16

40

100

250

630

1600

4000

Remarks:EachbalancequalitygradeGincludestherangeofbalance

qualitiesfromthenumericalvalueoftheupperlimitofthe

designatedbalancequalitytozero.

3.3Recommendedvaluesofbalancequalitiesforvariousrotatingmachines

TherecommendedDalancequalitygradesrelatingtovariousrotacingmachinesareexemplifiedinInformativereferenceAttachedTable1.

Furthermore,thisInformativereferenceAttachedTable1isgivenforreferenceonly,andwhichevergradeistobeappliedtoeachrotorshallbeasagreedbetweenthepartiesconcerned.

4.Determinationofpermissibleresidualunbalance

Therelationshipbetweenthepermissibleresidualspecificunbalanceeper(μm),andtheservicespeedofrotationn(min-1),takingthebalance

qualitygradesastheparameter,shallbeasgiveninFig.1.WhenthegradeGofbalancequalityofarotatingmachineanditsmaximumservicespeedofrotationnmaxaregiven,thepermissibleresidualspecific

unbalancecanbeobtainedfromtheFig.1orformula(2)。

Bymultiplyingthemassm(kg)ofrotorbythispermissibleresidual

specificunbalanceeper,thepermissibleresidualunbalanceUper=eperm(g*mm)canbeobtained.

JISB*090592493360805103571T4

B0905-1992

Fig.1.Permissibleresidualspecificunbalancecorresponding

tobalancequalitygrades

100000

(g"mm/kg)].

specificunbalanceepr(m)

unbalance/rotormasgulm

Permfsstblexesfdual

[PermtssIbleresidual

50000

20000

10000

5000

2000

1000

500

200

100

50

20

10

5

2

1

0.5

0.2-

0.1L351020501002005001000500010000(×10)

Maximumservicespeedofrotationnmaxmin-1

50010002000

0.5125102050100200

s-

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5.Allocationofpermissibleresidualunbalancetoeachcorrectionplane

5.1Inthecaseofsingle-planebalancingFora

rotor

havingone

correctIonplane,thepermissibleresidualunbalanceof

Its

correctionplane

shallbeequaltothepermissibleresidualunbalanceof

the

rotorUper

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5.2Inthecaseoftwo-planebalancingForarotorhavingtwocorrectionplanesofIandII,themethodstoallocatethepermissibleresidual

unbalanceUpertothepermissibleresidualunbalancesofUper?andUpornofrespectivecorrectionplanesshallbeasgiveninthefollowing.The

meaningsofprincipalsymbolstobeusedhereinshallbeasgiveninthefollowing:

Further,thebearingsstatedhereinmeanoneswhenrotorsareputtopracticaluse。

between

between

the

l:distance

h?:distance

bearings

the

correction

planeIandthecenterofmass

oftherotor

hn:distancebetween

the

correction

planeIIandthe

center

ofmass

oftherotor

b=h?+hu:distancebetweenthecorrec-tionplaneIandthe

correctionplaneII

c:distanceplane

from

IIIto

correctionthefarther

bearing

s:distance

bearingofthe

a:distance

bearingplane

S:centerof

fromthereference

tothecenterofmassrotor

fromthereference

tothecorrectionI

massoftherotor

(1)Whentherotorsatisfiesthefollowingconditionsof(a),(b)and

(c),thepermissibleresidualunbalancesUpriandUpernof

respectivecorrectionplanesshallbeallocatedasgiveninformula

(3)andformula(4)respectively(SeeFig.2)。

(a)Thecenterofmassoftherotorislocatedwithinthecenterpartwhichhasbeentrisectedthedistancebetweenthebearings.

(b)Bothofthetwocorrectionplanesarelocatedbetweenboth

bearings,andthedistancebetweenthecorrectionplanesis1/3to1timesthedistancebetweenthebearings

(c)Theratioofthedistancesfromthecenterofmasstorespectivecorrectionplanesis3/7oroverto7/3orunder

(

3)

(

4)

Furthermore,whenitcanbesojudgedthattherespective

correctionplanesarelocatedapproximatelyequidistancefromthecenterofmassoftherotor,itmaybeallocatedasgivenin

formula(5)。

……(5)

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Fig.2.Inthecasewhereconditionsof(a),(b)and(c)aresatisfied

CorrectionplaneICorrectionplaneII

(2)Whenthecenterofmassoftherotorislocatedwithinthecenterpartwhichhasbeentrisectedthedistancebetweenthebearings,andthebothcorrectionplanesarelocatedoutsidetheboth

bearingsinterposingthese,thepermissibleresidualunbalancesUperandUpernofrespectivecorrectionplanesshallbeobtainedfromformulas(6)and(7)respectively(SeeFig.3)。

Fig.3.Inthecasewherecorrectionplanesarelocatedoutsidebearings

CorrectionplaneICorrectionplaneII

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(3)WhenthedistancefromthecorrectionplaneItothecorrection

IIissmallerthan1/3thedistancebetweenthebearings

,thepermissibleresidualunbalanceshallbedividedintoastatic(orquasi-static)unbalanceandcoupleunbalance,andthe

static(orquasi-static)unbalanceshallbeallocatedtothe

correctionplaneIII★,andthecoupleunbalancetothecorrection

planesIandII.ThepermissibleresidualunbalanceUper?,UpernandUpecmofrespectivecorrectionplanesshallbeobtainedfromthe

formulas(8)and(9)(SeeFig.4)。

(

8)

(

9)

However,thephasedifferencebetweenUperandUpernis180°,and

theseconstituteacoupleunbalance.

Note*Forthestaticunbalance,eitheroneofthecorrectionplaneIorcorrectionplaneIIorbothmayalsobeusedinsteadofthecorrectionplaneIII.

Fig.4.InthecasewheredistancefromcorrectionplaneIto

correctionplaneIIissmallerthan1/3thedistance

betweenbearings

(a)Wherecorrectionplanesare(b)

Where

correctionplanesare

locatedbetweenbothbearings

located

outsideofbothbearings

CorrectionCorrection

CorrectionCorrection

planeIb_HplaneIICorrection

planeIbplaneIICorrection

(4)Whentherotordoesnotbelongtoanyoneof(1),(2)and(3),thepermissibleresidualunbalancesUperandUperofrespective

correctionplanesshallbeobtainedinaccordancewiththefollowing:

AsgiveninFig.5,consideringonebearingtobeareference

bearing,allofthedimensionswhicharedirectingfromthe

referencebearingtowardstheotherbearingshallbeexpressedaspositive,andthetwocorrectionplanesareconsideredtobethe

correctionplaneIandcorrectionIIintheorderinitsdirec-

tion.Inthiscase,thepermissibleresidualunbalanceUperiofthe

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correctionplaneIshallbethesmallestabsolutevalue,amongthe

valuescalculatedfromformulas(10),(11),(12)and(13)。

(

10)

(

11)

(

12)

(

13)

ThepermissiblerestdualunbalanceUernofthecorrectionplaneIIshall

beinaccordancewithformula(14)。

Upern=RUper…

……

……(14)

ThevaluesofkandRinformulas(10)to(14)shallbeinaccordance

withthefollowing:

(a)Thevalueofkindicatestheproportionoftheloadwhichis

capableofbeingsupportedbythereferencebearing,amongthe

dynamtcloadsimportedtobothbearings,anddifferentvaluesareemployedaccordingtotheconstructionandthelikeofthe

bearings,butformostcasesitmaybetakenask=0.5.

Thesmallervaluethan0.3orthelargervaluethan0.7shouldnotbepreferable.

(b)InthecasewherethepositionofthecenterofmassSoftherotorisknown,

mayalsobepermissible.However,whenk<0.3,considertobe

k=0.3,andwhenk>0.7considertobek=0.7.

(c)ThevalueofRistheratioofthepermissibleresidualunbalanceofcorrectionplaneIItothepermissibleresidualunbalanceof

correctionplaneI,andinmostcasesitmaybetakenasR=1.

Thesmallervaluethan0.5,orthelargervaluethan2shouldnotbepreferable。

(d)InthecasewherethepositionofthecenterofmassSoftherotorisknown,

mayalsobepermissible.However,whenR<0.5.considertobeR=0.5,andwhenR>2considertobeR=2.

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Fig.5.Inthecasewheretherotordoesnotbelongto

anyoneof(1),(2)and(3)

6.Handlingofkeys

Whenarotaryshaftortheparttobeattachedwithakeywayistobebalancedasasinglebody,thebalancingshallbecarriedoutbyusingahalfkey.However,inthecasewherethebalancingequipmentisprovidedwithafunctiontocompensateunbalancebyakeyway,itshallbeexemptedfromapplicationofthisprescription.

Remarks1.Onaccountofspecialcircumstances,whenarotaryshaftortheparttobeattachedmustbebalancedbyusingafull

key,afterbalancing,theletterFshal1bestamp-markedadjacenttotheendfaceofthekeyway.

2.Onaccountofspecialcircumstances,whenarotaryshaftortheparttobeattachedmustbebalancedwithoutkey,afterbalancing,theletterNshallbestamp-markedadjacentto

theendfaceofthekeyway.

3.Inthecasewherethebalancinghasbeenperformedusingahalfkey,generallytheletterwhichexpressesthiseffectisnotstamp-markedattheendfaceoftherotaryshaftortheparttobeattached,however,theletterHmayalsobestamp-markedasrequired.

4.Fig.6shallbethatwhichhasindicatedtheidealshapeofthehalfkey.Theshapeofthehalfkeytobeused

practicallynotnecessarilybetheidealshapeprovided

thattheunbalancesareidentical.

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Fig.6.Idealshapeofhalfkeyset

Halfkeyfortheparttobeattachedside

Theparttobeattached

7.Methodofgraphicalrepresentation

Inthecasewherethebalancequalityofarotarymachineisexpressedbyagraphicalsymbol,itshallbeindicatedbyO.Whenitisrequiredtoentertheitemsrelatingtothebalancequalityoftherotarymachineonadrawing,itshouldpreferablerefertheexamplesofFig.7.

Fig。7.Methodofgraphicalrepresentation

Unit:mm

Examples:(a)Inthecaseofsingle-(b)Inthecaseoftwo-

planebalancingplanebalancing

QG1:310g-mm

ReferenceStandard:

JISB0153-GlossaryofTermsusedinMechanicalVibrationandShock

.

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InformativereferenceAttachedTable1.

Recommendedbalancequalitygradesrelatingtovariouskindsofrotarymachines

Balancequalitygrade

Upperlimitvalue

ofbalancequality

mm/s(eper×w)(1)·(2)

Typesofrotors-e