GLOBAL

WIND

ENERGY

COUNCILGWEC

|

GLOBAL

WIND

REPORT

2025GWEC.NETGlobalWind

Energy

CouncilThe

Unicorn

FactoryAv.Infante

D.

Henrique

143

S09

Lisbon.

Portugalinfo@Data

LeadFeng

Zhao,

Chief

ResearchOfficerContributors

and

EditorsBen

Backwell,

Emerson

Clarke,

Reshmi

Ladwa,

Stewart

Mullin,

Francis

Jayasurya,

Mark

Hutchinson,

LimingQiao,

RebeccaWilliams,

Weng

Han,

Wanliang

Liang,Esther

Fang,

Ann

Margret

Francisco,

Martand

Shardul,Jeanette

Gitobu,

Janice

Cheong,

Wangari

Muchiri,Ramon

Fiestas,

Heba

Rabie,Kshitij

Madan,

NadiaWeekes,

Jasmine

Cargill,

Erik

Lu,

Juan

Tomas

Sanchez,

Nina

Melkonyan,

Jo?o

Esteves,

Benoit

Moreaux.Additional

ContributionsAsociación

Mexicana

deEnergía

Eólica

(AMDEE),

SER

Colombia

–

Asociación

Energías

Renovables,Associa??oBrasileira

de

Energia

Eólica

e

NovasTecnologias

(ABEEólica),

Camara

Eólica

Argentina,Asociación

Peruana

de

Energías

Renovables

(SPR),Asociación

Chilena

de

Energías

Renovables

y

Almacenamiento

(ACERA),

Japan

WindPowerAssociation

(JWPA),Korea

Wind

Energy

IndustryAssociation

(KWEIA),

ChinaWind

Energy

Association(CWEA),

ThailandWind

Energy

Association

(ThaiWEA),

Mongolian

Renewable

Energy

Association,

IranRenewable

Energy

Association

(IRWEA),

ElectricitySector

Association

of

Kenya

(ESAK),

South

African

WindEnergy

Association

(SAWEA),

Clean

Energy

Council

-

Australia,American

Clean

Power

(ACP),

CanadianRenewable

Energy

Association

(CanREA),

WindEurope.We

received

valuable

review

and

commentary

for

this

report

from:Pavel

Miller

(SSE)Wadia

Fruergaard

(Vestas)Mathilde

Huismans(IEA)Front

coverImage

courtesy

of

VestasPublished23

April2025Designlemonboxwww.lemonbox.co.ukGLOBAL

WIND

ENERGY

COUNCILAssociate

SponsorsPodcast

SponsorLeading

SponsorSupporting

SponsorRegional

Lead

SponsorTable

of

contentsForewords2Appendix97Executive

Summary:

The

Data

and

the

Story

–

Wind

in

20244Global

Wind

Report

2025

Methodology

and

Terminology98Introduction

-

Getting

Wind

Energy

Back

to

Accelerated

Growth8About

GWEC

Market

Intelligence99Part

One:

Trends

to

Watch11GWEC

GlobalLeaders101Finance

and

macroeconomic

headwinds12Women

inWind103Trade

barriers

and

fragmentation14Sponsors

and

contacts105Negative

prices16Factors

affecting

supply

chain

development18The

challenges

facing

wind

energy20Auctions20Grid23Social

acceptance

and

disinformation26Local

content

requirements

andtariffs29Race

to

new

turbine

platforms32Part

Two:

Solutions

to

build

the

next

TW35Scale,

demand

and

investment

de-risking36Standardisation:

Increasing

competitivenessthrough

manufacturing

excellence39Enhancing

trade

and

global

collaboration

toachieve

scaleandefficiency43Winning

support,

building

political

support

andcombatting

disinformation45Part

Three:

Markets

to

Watch47Africa:

South

Africa48APAC:

China,

Australia,

India,

Singapore,

Philippines,

South

Korea50Central

Asia:

Uzbekistan,

Kazakhstan,

Azerbaijan65Europe:

Germany,

UK67MENA:

KSA70Americas:

Brazil72Part

Four:

Market

Status74Part

Five:

Market

Outlook

2025-202986GWEC

|

GLOBAL

WIND

REPORT

20251GWEC.NET2ForewordIt

might

be

fairto

saythat

many

people

inthe

wind

industry

will

not

look

back

on2024

too

fondly.

Itwasa

year

in

whichthe

impact

of

interest

rate

increases,inflation,

supply

chain

pressures,

investorconfidence,

regulatory

inertia

andpolitical

uncertainty

all

had

a

relevantimpact

across

manykey

markets.However,

perhaps

2024

can

be

put

intosome

perspective.

After

all,it

was

onlyone

year

in

the

long

life

of

the

EnergyTransition,

a

50-year

programmetodecarboniseour

planet

and

safeguarditsfuture.For

the

preceding

20

years,

wind

energyhad

enjoyed

aprolonged

period

ofgrowth,

achieving

the

historic

milestoneof

1TW

of

installedcapacityin

2023

andgrowing

into

a

major

economic

andindustrial

movement

with

over

$200billion

ofprivate

capital

being

investedannually

and

over

1.5

million

direct

jobsbeing

supported

globally

according

toIRENA

reporting.

2023was

also

a

recordyearfor

wind

installations,

with

116.6GWbeinginstalled

globally

(albeit

heavilyconcentrated

in

a

few

markets).With

this

in

mind,

despite

somanyheadwinds,

GWEC

reports

anotherrecord

year

with

117

GW

of

windenergy

installed

globally.

Itis

alsonoteworthy

that

in

2024,

90%

ofallexpansion

in

thepowersector

was

inrenewables,

with

20%

of

that

growthcoming

from

wind

energy.However,

if

you

look

behind

the

headline

numbers,

four

factors

stand

out:1.

We

are

not

going

fast

enough

–

therate

of

installation

of

wind

energyneeds

to

continuously

increase,nothold

steadyordecrease,

if

we

are

tohit

the

important

2030

triplinguptarget,

and

modernise

societiesthrough

electrification2.

We

are

stilltoo

concentrated

in

toofewregions

(86%

ofinstallationsoccurred

in

China,Europe

and

US).3.

Whilst

Onshore

wind

continues

toprogress

(growing

from

105GW

in2023

to

109GW

in

2024),

OffshoreWind

has

not

progressed

as

well(from

11GW

to

8GW).4.

The

underlying

trends

that

have

been

undermining

growth

andconfidence

are

stubbornly

persisting.On

this

basis,

perhaps

the

keytakeaways

from

the

2024

should

be:We

need

to

keep

pushing

to

go faster

inorderto

hit

our

important tripling

up

targetsby2030.Regulatory

reform

remains

an

urgent area

of

focus,

in

order

to

facilitate faster

deployment

and

capital recycling

to

facilitate

further

growth, especiallyin

nascent

markets.Openand

fair

trade

alongside

healthy supply

chains

must

be

promoted.We

should

not

lose

sight

of

thelong-term

value

and

mission

ofwindenergy,regardless

of

short-termpolitical

messaging.

We

must

remainsteadfast

in

fostering

policymakingthat

is

based

on

scientific

andeconomicdata

and

not

on

subjectiveopinion

or

disinformation.We

must

makemore

effortto

sell

the benefitsofour

sector

to

all

aspects

of the

political

spectrum,

sothat

we

can become

less

politically

sensitive

and can

be

seen

as

the

forcefor

good

that

we

know

ourselves

to

be.Over

the

course

of

2025,

GWECwill

bepromoting

a

number

of

initiatives

thataddress

these

key

issues.

Despite

adifficult

2024,we

expect

2025

to

beanother

record

year

for

windinstallations

andweare

determined

toplay

our

part

inhelping

wind

energythrough

the

current

challengingenvironment.

We

look

forwardtoworking

with

colleagues

across

theindustry

in

helping

windenergyfulfil

itsvitally

important

potential.Time

to

focuson

thelong-term

value

and

missionof

wind

energyJonathan

ColeChair

of

Global

Wind

Energy

CouncilGWEC

|

GLOBAL

WIND

REPORT

20253As

we

enter

anewera

in

renewableenergy,

the

Global

Wind

Report

2025serves

as

a

beacon

of

hope

and

a

callto

action

for

theglobalcommunity.

Thejourney

ofwind

energy

has

beennothing

short

of

remarkable,

evolvingfrom

a

niche

technology

to

amainstream

source

of

power

that

is

nowintegral

to

our

energytransition

efforts.The

year2024

marked

yet

anothermilestone

with

117

GWof

newinstallations

worldwide,

bringing

theglobal

cumulative

capacity

to

1136GW.

This

report

not

only

highlights

theimpressive

growth

of

wind

energybutalso

underscores

the

immensepotential

that

lies

ahead.

With

the

rightconditions

in

place,

the

wind

industrystands

ready

to

triple

its

growth

tomeet

the

ambitious

COP28goal

oftripling

renewable

energy

capacity

by2030.Ourcollective

efforts

havedemonstrated

that

wind

energy

is

notjust

a

viable

alternative

but

a

necessarycomponent

ofa

sustainable

future.China,

United

States,

India

and

Germanytop

the

charts

while

theAsia-Pacificregion

continues

to

lead

the

way.Emerging

markets

in

regions

such

asSoutheast

Asia,

Central

Asia,andMENAarepoised

to

become

the

nextstrongholds

of

wind

energy

growth.However,

the

path

to

acceleratedgrowth

is

fraught

with

challenges.Macroeconomic

pressures,

tradebarriers,

and

supply

chain

disruptionsthreaten

to

derail

our

progress.

It

isimperative

thatweaddress

thesebarriers

head-on

and

implementsolutions

that

will

enable

us

toachievethe

scale

and

efficiency

required

tomeetour

climate

goals.The

Global

Wind

Report

2025provides

a

comprehensive

roadmapfor

overcoming

these

challenges.Itemphasizes

the

needfor

enhancedinternational

collaboration,streamlined

permitting

processes,

androbustpolicy

frameworks

that

supportthe

rapid

deployment

of

wind

energy.By

working

together,

we

can

turntargets

into

turbines

and

ensure

thatwind

energy

continues

to

play

a

pivotalrolein

the

global

energytransition.As

Vice-Chairman

of

GWEC,

I

amproud

of

the

progress

we

have

madeand

optimistic

about

the

future.

Thewind

industry

has

shown

resilienceand

adaptability

in

thefaceof

adversity,andI

am

confident

that

we

will

continue

to

rise

to

the

occasion.

Let

usharness

the

power

of

the

wind

to

create

a

cleaner,

greener,

and

moresustainable

world

for

futuregenerations.A

Tailwind

of

Progress,

Navigatingthe

Currents

of

ChangeForewordGirish

TantiVice

Chairman,

Suzlon

GroupEXECUTIVE

SUMMARYGWEC

|

GLOBAL

WIND

REPORT

20255Executive

Summary2024

marked

yet

another

record

yearfor

wind

energy

with

117

GW

of

newinstallations

worldwide.

Lookingbeyond

the

marginal

increase

from

lastyear,

this

report

tells

the

storyofanindustry

increasingly

pushing

into

newregions,

the

emergence

of

new

windpower

strongholds

and

a

technologycapitalising

on

the

growing

demandforasecuresupplyof

clean

electricityin

an

increasingly

volatile

world.This

year’s

Global

Wind

Report

focuses

attention

on

the

moment

windenergycurrently

finds

itself

–

amaturing

technology

delivering

valueto

governments,

economies

andpeople

.

The

report

recognises

windenergy’s

broader

value

proposition,addresses

the

challenges

holding

thetechnology

back,

and

the

solutionsneeded

to

get

back

on

to

anaccelerated

growth

trajectory

so

theindustry

can

deliver

its

full

potential.Last

year’s

growth

bringswind

energy’s

global

cumulative

capacity

to1,136GW,

spread

across

all

continents,with

new

countries

choosing

to

buildwindenergyevery

year.

This

year’sreport

goes

beyond

installation

data

tocapture

the

wave

of

growth

expectedfrom

countries

that

have

recentlypassed

legislation,

implementedpolicies

and

integrated

wind

energyinto

long

term

energy

system

planning.Ageographicbreakdown

of

2024shows

new

wind

energy

was

largelyconcentrated

in

the

same

top

fivemarkets

as

previous

years

-

China,

US,Brazil,India

and

Germany.

Rising

starssuch

as

Uzbekistan,Egypt

and

SaudiArabia

had

strong

performances

in2024,

representing

the

next

waveofwindenergy

growth

acrossanincreasingly

wider

setofgeographies,and

served

to

counterbalance

lowernumbers

in

Brazil

and

the

US.TheAsia-Pacific

region

continues

tolead

the

way

with

China’s

installationsmaking

up

70%

ofthe

global

total.Meanwhile,

Africa

&theMiddle

East

had

a

record

year,

doubling

onshore

wind

additions

in

2024.Our

Markets

to

Watch

section

covers

arangeof

maturing

marketsconsolidating

growth

such

as

India,Germany

and

the

UK,

and

importantnew

regionspoisedto

become

windpower

strongholds

such

as

SouthAfrica,North

Africa,

Southeast

Asiaand

Central

Asia.Looking

into

wind

energy’s

promising

future,

GWECMarketIntelligenceexpectsnew

installationsto

surpass

the

previousrecordandreach

139

GW

in

2025.

981

GWofnew

capacity

is

likely

to

be

addedtill2030

under

current

policies.

Thisequals

164

GW

of

new

installationseach

year

until

2030,

representing

aprojected

compound

annual

growthrate

(CAGR)

for

the

2025–2030period

of

8.8%.

Growth

in

emergingmarkets

in

the

regions

of

SoutheastAsia,

Central

Asia

and

MENA

isexpected

to

gain

momentum,

withrecord

installations

expected

everyyear

in

2025–2030.Promising

future

growth

prospectsaside,

the

global

wind

industryisprepared

to

build

much

more

rightnow,

and

quickly.

With

the

rightconditions

in

place,

the

wind

industrystands

ready

to

triple

growth

to

the320GW

necessary

to

reach

the

COP28goalto

triple

renewable

energycapacity

by

2030,

as

a

crucial

climatechange

mitigation

measure.

With

thislevel

ofambition

as

the

benchmark,the

2025

Global

Wind

Report

focuseson

the

barriers

to

accelerated

windenergy

growth

and

the

solutionsrequired

to

remove

them.A

Collective

Call

to

Action

fromthe

Wind

IndustryThis

year’sreport

sends

a

clearmessage

and

call

to

action

–

windenergy

needs

to

get

back

on

to

anaccelerated

growth

trajectory.

This

isnecessary

for

theenergytransitiontostay

on

track,

for

climategoalsto

bemet,

and

to

secure

a

prosperous

futurefor

wind

as

a

globallydominantenergy

technologyable

todeliveritsfull

value.PartOneof

the

reportcovers

keyevolving

trends

and

the

challengesimpacting

wind

energy

growth.Globaltrends

such

as

macroeconomicheadwinds

and

trade

barriers,andhow

they

are

interacting

with

windenergy

are

examined.

Following

thesetrends,

the

report

dives

intothechallenges

currently

being

faced

bytheglobalwind

industry.Finance

and

macroeconomic

headwinds

continue

to

challengeaccelerated

wind

energy

growth.

Risesin

commodity

prices,

in

combinationwithrises

in

the

costoflabour,

logisticsand

higher

costsof

capital

due

tointerest

rates

and

risk

premiums

are

allaffecting

project

economics,

resultingin

project’s

stalling

(especially

onoffshore)

and

undersubscribedThe

Data

and

the

Story

–

Wind

in

2024Ben

BackwellCEO,

Global

Wind

Energy

CouncilGWEC.NET6Strapauctions.

In

emerging

and

developingeconomies,

cost

of

capital

remainsrelatively

high

based

on

riskperception

despite

stronginvestorappetite.Trade

barriers

and

fragmentation

presents

an

increasing

risk

to

windenergy’s

ability

to

accelerate

growththrough

theefficienciesof

a

global,interconnected

supply

chain.

Thespread

of

protectionist

policies,

fromtariffs

to

local

content

requirements,

isgradually

fragmenting

the

global

traderegime

with

realconsequencesfor

thewind

industry

if

trade-friendlyindustrial

development

policies

are

notfollowed.Negative

prices

have

emergedas

atrend

affecting

how

electricity

marketsremunerate

renewableenergygeneration.Outdated

market

design,system

constraints,

lack

of

demandgrowth

in

some

market,

andtechnology

imbalances

are

leading

to

a

high

degree

of

power

pricecannibalisation.

Meanwhile,

the

excessof

renewables

in

low-demandperiodshas

created

increasing

periods

ofnegative

electricity

prices.

If

this

trendis

allowed

to

increase

over

time,

it

hasthe

potential

to

underminethe

financial

stability

of

renewable

energyprojects

and

discourage

furtherinvestment.A

combination

of

gridreinforcements,

flexibility

solutions,electrification

and

market

designreforms

are

needed

to

reverse

thistrend.The

final

trend,

factors

affectingsupply

chain

development,

is

broken

down

into

key

factors

andhowthey

have

contributed

to

amisalignment

between

the

currentsupply

chain

footprint

andthetechnology’s

accelerated

growthtrajectory.

Lack

of

market

volume

andpower

price

volatility,the‘rapidinnovation

curse’of

ever-increasingturbine

sizes

and

a

political

pushforinflexible

local

content

rules

and

other

protectionist

measuresaddingfurther

uncertainty

and

additionalcosts

are

identified

as

contributingfactors

to

this

overall

trend.Moving

on

from

these

widertrends,thereport

delves

into

the

specificchallenges

the

wind

industry

iscurrently

grappling

with.Auction

mechanisms

need

to

undergoreforms

to

reflect

new

market

realities.Ensuring

robust,

flexibleauctiondesigns

that

accommodate

evolvingeconomic

realities,

safeguard

projectviability,

and

discouragespeculativebidding

will

be

critical

to

the

long-termsuccess

of

wind

energy

deployment.

Amore

disciplined

approach—whereindustry

and

governments

worktogether

to

get

risk-sharing

right,setting

achievable

long-termrevenueframeworks

and

support

to

de-riskprojects—is

essential

for

sustainableindustrygrowth.Grid

infrastructure

poses

a

set

ofchallenges,

requiring

expansion

andmodernisation,

streamlining

ofpermitting

and

regulatory

processes,congestion

and

curtailment

mitigation,flexibility

and

a

robust

supply

chain.Investment

in

grids

must

ramp

up

toalleviate

significant

queues

to

accessgridconnections

around

the

world,ultimately

causing

governments

tomiss

targets.Social

acceptance,

increasinglyfuelled

by

disinformation

has

becomean

important

challenge

to

acceleratedwind

growth.

The

industry

is

seeingorchestrated

disinformation

campaignsfinanced

byfossil

fuel

interest

groups.The

spread

of

false

narratives

aboutwindenergy

is

exacerbating

thepersistent

and

multi-faceted

issue

ofpermitting

bottlenecks,

influencingpolicy

decisions

and

eroding

publictrust

in

renewable

energysolutions.Mandatory

and

inflexible

local

content

requirements

(LCRs)

are

beingutilised

by

governments

in

the

context

ofwider

national

industrial

strategies

andprotectionist

policies.

While

LCRs

can

beused

to

stimulate

industrialdevelopment

andjobcreation

inemerging

markets,

where

utilizedinflexibly

they

can

also

hinderinvestment

and

growth

by

restrictingsupplier

options

in

countries

which

donot

have

a

sufficiently

developedsupplychain,

driving

up

costs

and

harming

thevery

local

industries

they

aim

to

boost.The

global

race

to

new

larger

turbine

platforms

has

turned

into

aGWEC

|

GLOBAL

WIND

REPORT

20257Strapchallenge

itself

for

the

wind

industryto

navigate.

This

trend

has

intensifiedcost

pressures

and

raised

qualityconcerns

for

OEMs,who

arestruggling

to

invest

in

larger

and

largeturbine

models

before

the

currentonesareamortised.SolutionsPart

two

of

thereport

puts

forwardsolutions

to

be

actioned

by

the

windindustry

and

its

partners

acrossgovernment,business

and

civil

society,with

a

view

to

building

the

next

terawatton

an

accelerated

growth

trajectory.Solutions

to

achieving

scale,

meetingdemand

and

de-risking

investment

areaddressed

at

the

outset.

Policy

and

regulatory

measures

designed

totake

advantageof

increasingelectrification,

financial

incentivessuch

as

subsidies,

tax

credits

andother

funding

programs,

infrastructuredevelopments

such

as

gridmodernisation

and

electricvehiclescharging

networks

and

gridmodernisation,

are

posited.Industrialisation

is

an

essentialsolution

for

the

wind

industry’slong-term

competitiveness

andprofitability.

This

section

puts

forwardthree

critical

pillars

for

successfulindustrialisation

with

a

focus

onefficiency

–

product

strategy

focusingmodular

designs

and

componentstandardisation,

process

strategy

thatreduces

variability

acrossmanufacturing

sites,

and

productionstrategy

to

optimise

throughautomation.Addressing

issues

related

to

free,

fair

and

open

trade

requires

intensifiedefforts

to

design

trade-friendlygreenindustrial

policies

thatenhancecompetitiveness,

drive

innovation,

andensure

secure,affordable

energywhile

fostering

economic

growth.Coordination

and

dialogue

betweengovernments

must

triumph

overfragmentation

and

competition

forstrategic

investments,

with

globalleaders

leveraging

multilateralinstitutions,

bilateral

engagementsand

regional

forums

to

coordinatetrade-friendly

green

industrialpolicies.Finally,

solutions

to

winning

political

support

and

combatting

disinformation

are

addressed

in

asection

focused

on

proactivelyengaging

communities

andshiftingpublic

narratives

in

favourof

windenergy.

Tactics

such

as

‘pre-bunking’mis-

and

disinformation

throughcommunity-driven

messaging

are

putforward,

coupled

with

policyrecommendations

on

local

ownershipmodels

and

benefit-sharing

schemes.In

the

monthsleading

up

to

thepublication

of

this

report

we

have

seensignificant

progress

in

terms

ofgovernment

policies

designed

to

drivewind

energygrowth

across

the

world.This

progresson

policy

and

regulation,alongside

a

concerted

effort

fromthewind

industry

and

its

partners

to

actionthe

agenda

outlined

in

this

report,

willmake

a

significant

contributiontogetting

wind

energy

back

on

to

anaccelerated

growth

trajectory.INTRODUCTION

-

GETTING

WIND

ENERGY

BACK

TOACCELERATED

GROWTHGWEC

|

GLOBAL

WIND

REPORT

2025IntroductionWind

energy

is

at

a

critical

moment

inits

history

where

the

actions

andmeasures

taken

today

by

the

industry,policymakers,

and

other

partnersacross

business

and

civil

society

willhave

a

significant

impact

on

thetechnology’s

future

growth

trajectory.Record

growth

years

are

forecastfortheforeseeablefuture,

so

the

realquestion

is

how

accelerated

thisgrowth

will

be,

and

how

much

valuewind

energy

will

be

allowed

to

deliverto

economies

and

people

if

barriersareremoved.Over

the

past

four

decades,

windpower

has

evolved

from

a

nichetechnology

into

a

mainstream

sourceof

energy

and

akeypillar

of

theenergytransition.

It

has

provenitseconomic

viability,

becoming

one

ofthe

most

cost-competitive

sources

ofenergy

globally.

Where

scale

has

beenachieved,wind

energy

has

loweredconsumer

power

prices,

created

jobsand

regeneratedcommunities.Moreover,

wind

has

a

strong

role

toplay

in

increasing

a

nation’sresiliencebyreducing

reliance

on

volatile

andinsecure

fossil

fuel

imports.Looking

at

the

globalenergylandscape,

there

is

aclearandencouragingmetatrend

taking

theworld

over

–

electrification,

or

as

theIEA

recently

termed

it,

“The

Age

ofElectricity”.

Wind

energy’s

role

in

thistrend,

changing

energy

systemsaround

the

world

is

clear,

but

it

is

up

tous

as

an

industry

to

stepup

to

fullyseize

this

opportunity.

As

it

stands,wind

and

solar

are

already

providingthe

bulkofnewpowercoming

online,