PAGEPAGE12024年中考（人教）英語：閱讀理解基礎優(yōu)題（10）及答案【實戰(zhàn)訓練】A（2024中考訓練題）DearMrScott,Iexpectyoumaybeslightlysurprisedtoreceivealetterfromyournext-doorneighbor,butIhavetoraiseathemethatitwillbeeasierformetodiscussinwriting.YoumayhavenoticedthatIhavealineofappletreesrunningalongthefence（柵欄）thatseparatesourtwogardens.Youmayalsohavefelthappywhenyouseeyourtwochildrensittingonyourgrassbythefence.Andyoumayalsohavenoticedthatmyappletreesbendoverthefenceandseemtolookdownatyourchildrenwithinterest.Itisonlynaturalthatyourchildrenshouldsometimesseemtoreturnthatinterest.Anditisquitelegal（合法的）forthemtoshowthatinterestbypickingalltheapplesthathangoveronyoursideofthefence.Buttotellyouthetruth,MrScott,Iamtiredofseeingyourchildren,dayafterday,destroythebranchesofeveryoneofmyappletrees.Anditseemsthatawarhasbeenfoughtononesideofmyappletrees.Besides,IammoretiredofwakinguponthesefineautumnmorningstofindeventheapplesonMYsideofthefencemuchlessinnumber.Iknowthistooistheworkofyourchildren,sincelastnightIwaswokenatmidnightbythenoisetheyweremakingwhenclimbingoneofmytrees,and(astheymayhavetoldyou)Idrovethemaway.Yourssincerely,BeckyAldrin1．Whatisthis?A．Acomplaintletter.B．Aninvitationletter.C．Athank-youletter.D．Arecommendationletter.2．Whichseasonwasit?A．Spring.B．Summer.C．Autumn.D．Winter.3．Whatdidthetwochildrendolastnight?A．Theysatonthegrass.B．Theyranalongthefence.C．Theydestroyedthebranches.D．Theyclimbedanappletree.4．HowwasBeckyAldrinwhenshewrotethisletter?A．Politebutserious.B．Surprisedbuthappy.C．Angryandrude.D．Tiredanduninterested.5．WhatdidBeckyAldrinwishMrScotttodonext?A．BekindtohisneighbourB．Makefriendswithhischildren.C．Haveatalkwithhischildren.D．Growappletreesinhisgarden.【解析】這篇短文是Becky寫給Scott的一封信，他們兩個是鄰居，Becky沿著他們兩家之間的籬笆種了一些蘋果樹，但是Scott先生的兩個孩子總是毀壞蘋果樹，所以她寫信告知Scott先生，希望他能處理一下。1．主旨大意題。這篇短文是BeckyAldrin寫給Scott先生的一封信，依據(jù)信中Buttotellyouthetruth,MrScott,Iamtiredofseeingyourchildren,dayafterday,destroythebranchesofeveryoneofmyappletrees.…Besides,IammoretiredofwakinguponthesefineautumnmorningstofindeventheapplesonMYsideofthefencemuchlessinnumber.Iknowthistooistheworkofyourchildren可知，她是在向Scott先生埋怨，因為Scott先生家的孩子毀壞了她的蘋果樹，還偷她的蘋果。因此這些一封埋怨信，故選A。2．推理推斷題。依據(jù)短文中Anditisquitelegal（合法的）forthemtoshowthatinterestbypickingalltheapplesthathangoveronyoursideofthefence.可知，現(xiàn)在蘋果樹上已經(jīng)結蘋果了，因此應當是秋季。故選C。3．細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)短文的最終sincelastnightIwaswokenatmidnightbythenoisetheyweremakingwhenclimbingoneofmytrees可知，昨天晚上，Scott先生家的兩個孩子爬上了BeckyAldrin的一棵蘋果樹，由此可知應選D。4．推理推斷題。從Becky寫的這封信中的一些文字，如Iexpectyoumaybeslightlysurprisedtoreceivealetterfromyournext-doorneighbor,butIhaveto…、Itisonlynaturalthat…、Anditisquitelegal…、Buttotellyouthetruth,MrScott,Iamtiredof…等等，我們可以看到她寫信的語氣是很委婉、有禮貌的，但同時她也肅穆地提出了這個問題，故應選A，有禮貌但肅穆的。B是驚異的但快樂的；C是生氣的、粗魯?shù)?；D是累的、不感愛好的。5．推理推斷題。這封信中Becky向Scott先生埋怨了他的孩子們的所作所為，她的目的應當是希望Scott先生能和他的孩子好好的談一談，不要再去破壞她的蘋果樹了。故應選C。點睛：這篇短文是Becky寫給Scott的一封信，他們兩個是鄰居，Becky沿著他們兩家之間的籬笆種了一些蘋果樹，但是Scott先生的兩個孩子總是毀壞蘋果樹，所以她寫信告知Scott先生，希望他能處理一下。文章內(nèi)容貼近學生的日常生活，比較簡單理解。對于這篇短文和題目來說，理解文意是次之，而最主要的是學生們在閱讀的時候，能夠讀出作者的寫作意圖以及她的寫作語氣。后面的題目也考查了這一點，例如第4小題，問的就是Becky在寫信時的感受，依據(jù)文意可知，雖然在信中Becky向Scott先生埋怨了他的孩子的不好的行為，但整篇文章Becky的語氣都是很委婉的，如開頭的這句話Iexpectyoumaybeslightlysurprisedtoreceivealetterfromyournext-doorneighbor,butIhaveto…以及文章中Itisonlynaturalthatyourchildrenshouldsometimesseemtoreturnthatinterest.Anditisquitelegal（合法的）forthemtoshowthatinterestbypickingalltheapplesthathangoveronyoursideofthefence.這兩句話站在對方的角度想問題，這些語言都讓我們能夠看出Becky是很禮貌、很仔細的講解并描述問題，故應選A?！緦崙?zhàn)訓練】B閱讀下列材料，從A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳答案。Doyouoftengivethankstoyourfamily,friends,teachersorotherpeople?Ifyoudon’t,youshouldstartdoingitnow.Accordingtoastudy,“givingthanks”isnotonlygoodforourmind,butalsogoodforourbody.“Givingthanks”topeopleshowsyouaregrateful(感謝的),friendlyandnice.Ithelpsyougetonwellwithyourfamilyandfriends.Itmakesyoulivehappily.“Ifthankfulnesswereakindofmedicine,itwouldbetheworld’sbestmedicine”.Ithelpsourorgans(器官)workbetter,”saysDrPMuraliDoraiswamyfromDukeUniversity.Thestudyhastwogroupsofstudents.Onegroupwrites“thank-you”letterstopeopletheyknow.Theothergroupdoesn'twriteletters.Thegroupthatwritesthelettersfindsthattheirlifeishappierthanbefore.Happylifeisveryimportanttohealth.Youwillsleepwellandworkwell.Andyouwon’tfallilleasily.Soshowyourthankstopeopleinwordsorinlettersfromtoday. 51.Givingthankstoothersis______forourmindandbody.A.friendly B.easy C.good D.bad52.Accordingtothepassage,ifweoftengivethankstootherswecan______.A.workwell B.livehappily C.sleepwell D.Allabove53.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?A.Thegroupthatwrites“thank-you”lettersishappierthanbefore.B.“Givingthanks”willhelpyougetonwellwithothers.C.“Givingthanks”showsyouaregrateful.D.Youwillfallillwhenyougivethankstoyourfamily.參考答案51—53CDD【實戰(zhàn)訓練】CAgreenlifesometimesjustneedsagoodidealikesharingcars(拼車).Sharingcarsmeansyoucanuseacarbutyoudon’tneedtoownit.Nowtheideaofcarsharinghasbecomeanimportantwayofpeople’sgettingoutaroundtheworld.Asweknow,mostpeopleparktheircarsingarages（車庫）formuchtime.Infact,wedriveourowncarsforaboutoneortwohoursaday.Whenwedon’tusethem,wehavetopayforparkingandotherthings.Thatcoststoomuchmoney.Butifweshareacar,we’llonlypaywhenweuseit.Nowmoreandmorepeoplearestartingtosharecars.InSwitzerland,almost40,000peoplehavejoinedit.Japanisalsotryingtomakeitpopulararoundthecountry.Carsharingisthebeginningofanewideaintransportation（交通）.Itisalsopossibleforustotraveleverywherewithoutbuyingacar.Doyoulovetoshareacarwithothers?54.Accordingtothepassage,carsharingmeans______.A.youcanbuyacarwithothers B.youcanuseacarwithoutbuyingitC.youcan’taffordacar D.youarenotabletodriveacar55.Theideaofcarsharingispopular______.A.onlyinChina B.onlyinSwitzerland C.onlyinJapan D.aroundtheworld56.Peoplelikesharingcarsbecause______.A.theyhavenogarages B.theydrivetheirowncartoooftenC.theydon’twanttoownacar D.theywanttosavemoney57.Fromthepassageweknow______.A.carsharingisanewwayofgettingoutB.peoplewon’tbuycarsanymoreC.fewerpeoplewillgotravelingD.peoplesharingcarshavenocarsathome參考答案54—57BDDA【實戰(zhàn)訓練】D隱形殺手——抑郁癥Althoughweallwanthappinessandjoyeveryday,sometimeswestillfeelblue.Mostpeoplecancontrolthis,butsometimesitcangetworseandpeoplefallintodepression(抑郁).Thisyear,theWHOchose“depression”asthethemeofWorldHealthDay.Thisaimstoraisepeople'sawareness(意識)ofit.Accordingtoitsrecentreport,about322millionpeoplesuffereddepressionin2015.Thisismorethan4percentoftheworld'spopulation.Depressionisdescribedasamentaldisorder(精神疾病).Ithasseveralsymptoms(癥狀)likesadnessandlossofinterest.Inextremecases,depressionmayleadtosuicide(自殺)．Therearethreegroupsofpeoplethataremorelikelytodevelopdepression,accordingtoWHO.Oneisoldpeople,whileanotheriswomenwhoarepregnant(懷孕的)orhavejustgivenbirth.Andyoungpeoplearealsooneofthethreegroups.InChina,depressionamongyoungpeopleisontherise,ZhuZhuohong,afamouspsychologyprofessortoldXinhua.Competitions,especiallyineducation,cancausealotofpressure.Luckily,effortsarebeingmadetosolvethisproblem.NowseveralsocialorganizationsinChinaaretryinghardtohelpthosewithdepression.WHOalsoheldthe“Depression:Let'stalk”campaignthismonth,aimingtomakesurethatpeoplewithdepressionseekandgethelp.1.Peoplewithdepressionevenwantto________．A.seekandgethelp B.havecompetitionsC.havepressure D.commitsuicide2.WhichofthefollowingisNOTTRUE?A.Depressionisamentaldisorder.B.Pregnantwomenaremorelikelytodevelopdepression.C.Peoplewithdepressioncannotgotowork.D.Depressionamongyoungpeopleisontherise.3.Theunderlinedword“blue”inthepassagemeans“________”．A.thecolorofthesky B.sadandhopelessC.sadmusic D.badbehavior4.DepressionamongyoungpeopleinChinamaybecausedby________．A.pressure B.largepopulationC.sadness D.mentaldisorder5.What'sthebesttitleforthepassage?A.DepressionDevelopmentB.Depression—ASilentKillerC.EducationCompetitionsD.DepressionCampaign【主旨大意】本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹了抑郁癥患者的數(shù)量、癥狀、患病人群及為了阻擋患抑郁癥而實行的一些措施。1.D【解析】細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。題干意為：精神抑郁的人甚至想去________。依據(jù)第三段最終一句中“...depressionmayleadtosuicide(自殺)．”可知“抑郁者有自殺傾向”，故選D。2.C【解析】推理推斷題。題干意為：下列哪一個敘述是不正確的？A項：抑郁是一種精神疾??；B項：孕婦更可能患抑郁；C項：有抑郁的人不能去工作；D項：年輕人抑郁人數(shù)上升。A、B、D三項內(nèi)容文中均有提到，是正確的。文中提到有部分人沒有意識到自己患了抑郁，還有些學生由于教化的壓力導致抑郁等，均說明抑郁的人是可以工作的，C項錯誤。故選C。3.B【解析】詞義揣測題。題干意為：文中劃線單詞“blue”的意思是“________”。前句提示“happiness”和“joy”，后文轉折，故可以推斷是“sadandhopeless難受和無望”。故選B。4.A【解析】細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。題干意為：在中國，青少年抑郁可能是由________引起。依據(jù)第五段最終一句“Competitions,especiallyineducation,cancausealotofpressure.”可知教化競爭的壓力導致年輕人患上抑郁。故選A。5.B【解析】標題歸納題。題干意為：文章最佳的標題是什么？本文主要介紹抑郁對人們的危害。故B選項Depression—ASilentKiller“抑郁——緘默的殺手”符合題意，故選B。【實戰(zhàn)訓練】EIshookhandswithmyfatherinthetruck,andforalongtimehelookedstraightaheadanddidn'tsayaword.ButIknewhewasgoingtosayalittletome."Ican'ttellanything,"hefinallysaid."Ineverwenttocollege,andnoneofyourbrotherswenttocollege.Ican'tsaydon'tdothisanddothat,becauseeverythingisdifferentandIdon'tknowwhatisgoingtocomeup.Ican'thelpmuchwithmoneyeither,butIthinkthingswillworkout."Hegavemeanewcheck-book."Ifthingsgetpushing,writeasmallcheck.Butwhenyouwriteone,sendmealetterandletmeknowhowmuch.Therearesomethingswecanalwayssell."InfouryearsallthechecksIwrotewerelessthanathousanddollars.Mypart-timejobssuchasreadingtotheblindstudentandsittingwiththeteachers'kidsfilledinthefinancialgaps."Youknowwhatyouwanttobe,andthey'lltellyouwhattotake,"myfatherwenton."Whenyougetajob,besureit'shonest,andworkhard."IknewthatsoonIwouldbealoneinthebigtown,andIwouldbemissingthecoolwindsandalifewhereyourthinkingwasdoneforyou.Thenmydadreacheddownbesidehisseatandbroughttheold,brokenBiblethathehadreadsooften,theoneheusedwhenhewantedtolooksomethingupinafriendlyquarrelwithoneoftheneighbours.Iknewhewouldmissit.Iknew,though,thatImusttakeit.Hedidn'tsayreadthiseverymorning.Hejustsaid,"Thiscanhelpyouifyouwillletit."Didithelp?Igotthroughcollegewithoutbeingaburdenonthefamily.Ihavebeenab