Unit3TheWorldofScience

UnderstandingideasLearningobjectives1.Tosummarizethegenreandthestructureofthetext.2.Tofindouttheinventionsindifferenttimesanddifferentcountiesandperceivethereasonsbehindinvention.3.Toconcludethespiritofinventionandshareviewsonit.gunpowdercompassvirtualvirtualrealitywearabletechflexiblebatteryinadditioncomputecapablestuffdesireneversaynevern.

火藥n.指南針，羅盤adj.虛擬的，模擬的虛擬現(xiàn)實可穿戴技術adj.

易彎曲的，柔韌的n.電池除此之外，另外v.

計算adj.

有能力的n.東西，物品n.

渴望，欲望別輕易說決不Wordsreviewgunpowdercompassvirtualvirtualrealitywearabletechflexiblebatteryinadditioncomputecapablestuffdesireneversaynevern.

火藥n.指南針，羅盤adj.虛擬的，模擬的虛擬現(xiàn)實可穿戴技術adj.

易彎曲的，柔韌的n.電池除此之外，另外v.

計算adj.

有能力的n.東西，物品n.

渴望，欲望別輕易說決不WordsreviewLookatthepicturesandtalkabouthowthewaywelivehaschangedovertime.●Livingcondition:window,light,kitchen●

Learningtools:books,brushpenandwritingpapersvs

computerWhatarethereasonsbehindthesechanges?Nowlet’sreadaninterviewandfindoutwhatinventionsarementioned.What’sthegenreofthetext?AbiographyBargumentationCexpositionDinterviewInventionsofthepast1.AncientChina:papermaking,printing,gunpowder,thecompass;2.theWest:thesteamengine,thetelephone,theradio;Inventionsoftoday*wearabletech,virtualreality,theflexiblebattery,the3Dprinter,theintelligentwalkinghouse,thecar,thewheel,newenergyvehiclesandthetimemachineListentotheinterviewandfindoutwhatinventionsarementioned.ChoosethesentencesthatdescribeDrFairhurst'sopinions.1.InventionsinAncientChinawerebetterthanthoseintheWest.2.Alotoftoday'sgreatinventionsaretech-based.3.Today,mostinventorspreferworkingbythemselves.4.Thedesiretosolveproblemsinspiresinvention.5.Atimemachinewilldefinitelybeinventedinthefuture.GreetingbetweentheinterviewerandRichardInventionsofthepastInventionsoftodayTheinspirationformoreinventionsThepossibilityofmakingtimemachineWhatdidtheytalkaboutduringtheinterview?Inventionsoftoday(paragraphs5-8)INVENTIONInventionsofthefuture(paragraphs13-14)Inspirationforinventions(paragraphs11-12)Inventionsofthepast(paragraphs3-4)InventionsofthepastAncientChina__________________________________theWest_________________________________gunpowder，papermaking，printingandthecompassthesteamengine，thetelephoneandthe

radioReadparagraphs3-4andfindout:1.WhydoesRichardmentionthegreatinventionsinAncientChinaandWesterncountries?2.Manypeoplemightthinkthegreatageofinventionisover.DoesRichardagreewiththisidea?Readparagraphs3-4againandthinkaboutthequestions:1.WhydoesRichardmentionthegreatinventionsinAncientChinaandWesterncountries?Learningtolearn:Examplescanbeusedtosupportone’sopinions.Toprovethattherehavebeengoldenagesofinventionthroughouthistoryandthatthesethingschangedtheworld.thespeaker’sopinionsexamples2.Manypeoplemightthinkthegreatageofinventionisover.DoesRichardagreewiththisidea?No.Hethinksweareinthegreatnewageofinventionbasedontechnology.InventionsoftodayINVENTION●________________●_________________●_________________●__________________madeby3Dprinters●_________________usingGPS,computingtechnologyand_________________Readparagraphs5-8andfindout:Whatnewinventionsarementioned?virtualrealityreferstoanenvironmentwhichisproducedbyacomputerandseemsverymuchlikerealityInventionsoftoday●________________●_________________●_________________●__________________madeby3Dprinters●_________________usingGPS,computingtechnologyand_________________virtualrealityWhatnewinventionsarementioned?wearabletechnologyconsistsofthingsthatcanbeworn(suchasclothingorglasses)andcontainscomputertechnologyInventionsoftoday●________________●_________________●_________________●__________________madeby3Dprinters●_________________usingGPS,computingtechnologyand_________________virtualrealitywearabletechWhatnewinventionsarementioned?theflexiblebatteryisabletobendeasilywithoutbreakingInventionsoftoday●________________●_________________●_________________●__________________madeby3Dprinters●_________________usingGPS,computingtechnologyand_________________virtualrealitywearabletechtheflexiblebatteryWhatnewinventionsarementioned?Inventionsoftoday●________________●_________________●_________________●__________________madeby3Dprinters●_________________usingGPS,computingtechnologyand_________________virtualrealitywearabletechtheflexiblebatteryreplacementheartsandbonesWhatnewinventionsarementioned?Inventionsoftoday●________________●_________________●_________________●__________________madeby3Dprinters●_________________usingGPS,computingtechnologyand_________________virtualrealitywearabletechtheflexiblebatteryreplacementheartsandbonesanintelligentwalkinghousesolartechnologyWhatnewinventionsarementioned?InventionsoftodayInventionsofthepastAncientChina__________________________________theWest_________________________________INVENTION●________________●_________________●_________________●_________________madeby3Dprinters●_________________usingGPS,computingtechnologyand_________________virtualrealitywearabletechtheflexiblebatteryreplacementheartsandbonesanintelligentwalkinghousesolartechnologygunpowder，papermaking，printingandthecompassthesteamengine，thetelephoneandthe

radioInventionsofthefutureInventionsofthefutureWhatisRichard'sattitudetoinventingatimemachine?A．Negative

B．Optimistic

C．Critical

D．PessimisticReadparagraphs13-14andfindout:WhatcanyouinferaboutRichard'sattitudetothefuturedevelopment

ofinvention?A.Hethinksitpromising.B.Hethinksitwillbedevelopedslowly.C.Hethinksitishardtopredict.D.Hethinksitisdifficulttoinventnewthings.Learningtolearn:1.Searchforwordsshowingfeelingsandattitude.2.Inferfromthecontext,forexample,themainideaorthestructure,etc.goldengreatchangeadvancethankstobecapableofeco-friendlyInventionsoftodayInventionsofthepastAncientChina__________________________________theWest_________________________________INVENTIONvirtualrealitywearabletechtheflexiblebatteryreplacementheartsandbonesanintelligentwalkinghousesolartechnologygunpowder，papermaking，printingandthecompassthesteamengine，thetelephoneandthe

radioInventionsofthefuturechangetheworldforever●________________●_________________●_________________●_________________madeby3Dprinters●_________________usingGPS,computingtechnologyand_________________tech-basedInspirationforinventionspromisingInspirationforinventionsrecognizing_____________________________________________________INVENTIONReadparagraphs11-12andfindout:Inspirationforinventionsrecognizing______________________________________________________________aproblemthatneedsasolution.anincredibledesiretothinkandcreateReadparagraphs11-12andfindout:thespeaker’sopinionexamplesInspirationforinventionsrecognizing______________________________________________________________aproblemthatneedsasolution.anincredibledesiretothinkandcreateInyouropinion,whatelseinspirespeopletoinventnewthings?interestgreatcuriosityimaginationloveasenseofresponsibilitylazinessobservationimitationThinkandshareIfyouweretheinterviewer,whatotherquestionswouldyouaskDrRichardFairhurst?StartinganinterviewUnderlinethekeyexpressionstostartaninterview.We’regladtohavesb.here/withus.We’rejoinedbysb.我們很榮幸請到……Actouttheinterview!Interviewer

Introduceyourguestandthetopic.Askquestionspolitelyandgivenaturalresponse.Endtheinterviewproperly.IntervieweeUse

themindmaptohelporganiseyouranswer.Respondtothequestionfirst.State

youropinionbeforeexplainingindetail雖然文章以文字的形式呈現(xiàn)，但仍然有很明顯的口頭語篇的特點?？陬^語篇的特點1.文章中出現(xiàn)了大量的日常交際用語，如：Thankyou，Iguess，well，so，yes，sure，Isee，Ithink等。2.文章中的句子大都是簡單句，句子結構簡單，多用主動語態(tài)，且有一些結構不完整的句子，如：“Alot,yes.”，“Impressivestuff!”，“Onelastquestion.”等。3.口頭語篇的信息通常不像書面語篇那樣密集，這通常與口頭語篇中簡單句居多有關。4.口頭語篇的話題轉換比較頻繁，且銜接手段比較少，這使得口頭語篇看上去不像書面語篇那樣連貫。whose引導的非限制性定語從句，對DrRichardFairhurst進行補充說明。I’llbetalkingtoDrRichardFairhurst,whosenewbookTheNewAgeofInventionhasjustbeenpublished.hasbeenpublished現(xiàn)在完成時的被動語態(tài)。

【句意】今晚的嘉賓是RichardFairhurst博士，他的新書《新發(fā)明時代》剛剛出版。2.Itsuggeststhatthepresentdayisanewageforinventions,butmanypeoplemightthinkthatthegreatageofinventionisover.

它表明現(xiàn)在是發(fā)明的新時代，但可能很多人認為輝煌的發(fā)明時代已經(jīng)結束。suggestv.

tocommunicateorshowanideaorfeelingwithoutstatingitdirectlyorgivingproof

(間接)表明；暗示其后的賓語從句不用虛擬語氣，用陳述語氣。tomentionanidea,possibleplanoractionforotherpeopletoconsider

提議，建議suggeststh.，suggest(one’s)doingsth，suggest+that從句that引導的兩個賓語從句but連接的并列復合句that從句中用“(should)+動詞原形”egOpinionpollssuggestthatonly10%ofthepopulationtruststhegovernment.民意調(diào)查顯示只有10%的人口信任這屆政府。Shesuggestedanewteachingmethodtous.她建議我們(采用)一種新的教學方法。Inthecaseofstudents,Isuggestthatthey(should)extendtheirhorizonsoutbeyondtheirschoolandbooks.就學生來講，我建議他們將他們的視野拓展到學校與書本之外?！菊Z境應用】完成句子。1)Hetakesclasseseveryweek,buthisattitudesuggestshe________(be)notreallyinterestedinthesesubjects.2)Isuggestedtohimthathe___________(pay)attentiontohishealth.3)Wesuggested__________(參觀)thatfactorythenextday.4)Herexpressionsuggestedthat_________________________(她生氣了).is(should)payvisitingshewasangryfind+賓語+賓語補足語，此處介詞短語作賓補。3.Andnow,wefindourselvesinthegreatnewageoftechnology.

現(xiàn)在，我們發(fā)現(xiàn)自己正處于偉大的科技新時代。賓語補足語還可以是名詞、形容詞、副詞、動詞不定式、動詞-ing形式或動詞-ed形式。如：Youwillfinditadifficulttask.Didyoufindhimverybright?Wewenttoherhousebutwefoundherout.Whenwearrived,wefoundhiminbed.Theyfoundhertobeattractive.Wefoundhimworkinginthegarden.Whenhecamehomehefoundthedoorclosed.【語境應用】

根據(jù)以上句型仿寫下列句子。1)那個人發(fā)現(xiàn)他的家鄉(xiāng)被徹底摧毀了。2)他們在森林中發(fā)現(xiàn)他受傷了。Themanfoundhishometownentirelydestroyed.Theyfoundhiminjuredintheforest.4.So

are

most

of

the

newgreat

inventions

tech-based?

所以大多數(shù)新發(fā)明都是以技術為基礎的嗎？tech-based:using

orinvolvingtechnology以技術為基礎的egInvestorswereaccusedofnotgivingnewtech-basedcompaniesenoughsupport.投資者被指控沒有給予新的以技術為本的公司足夠的支持。合成形容詞5.For

exampleadvances

invirtual

reality

andwearabletech,as

well

as

theflexiblebattery,mean

we

should

soon

be

seeingfurther

developments.

例如，在虛擬現(xiàn)實和可穿戴設備，還有柔性電池的進步，這就意味著不久之后我們就能看到更進一步的發(fā)展。

aswellas:也；還；既……(又……)用作連詞，連接并列成分，此時aswellas通常不位于句首。egTheplanebroughtthemthemedicineaswellastheconcernoftherelatives.飛機給他們帶來了藥物，也帶來了親人們的關懷。aswellas連接并列的主語時，該句的謂語動詞與aswellas前面的主語在人稱和數(shù)上保持一致。類似用法的詞匯還有alongwith,togetherwith,besides,except等。egHe,aswellashischildren,issensitive.他和他的孩子們都很敏感。aswellas：和……一樣好，表示同級比較，well是副詞。egHecanoperatethemachineaswellasIdo.他操作這臺機器和我一樣熟練?！就卣埂縜swell“又，也”，常用于句末，作狀語。egI'dlikeacupofcoffeeandaglassofwateraswell.【語境應用】單句語法填空。1)Mary,aswellasherfriends,______(be)goingtohaveapicnicnextweekend.2)Wearepaintingthewallsaswellas_________(repair)theroof.isrepairing用aswell或aswellas填空。1)Hegrowsflowers_____________vegetables.2)Lindalikessinging____________,andshesings____________hermother.3)Mr.Wang,_____________hiswifeanddaughterisgoingtotheGreatWallthisweekend.aswellasaswellaswellasaswellasflexibleadj.thatcanbendeasilywithoutbreaking易彎曲的;柔韌的easilychangedtosuitnewconditions可變通的;靈活的egLeatherandrubberareflexible,glassandironarenot.皮革和橡膠都是易彎曲的，玻璃和鐵則不然。Thereshouldbemoreflexibleteachingmethodstoobtainthebestteachingeffect.為達到最佳的教學效果應該采用靈活的教學方法?！菊Z境應用】完成句子。1)Mothersholdingjobsoutsidethehomeshould_______________________(有靈活的時間安排)tomakeiteasiertocarefortheirchildren.2)Unliketraditionalgyms,app-backedgymsofferpeople__________________________(靈活的鍛煉選擇).haveflexibleschedulesflexibleoptionstoexercise6.In

addition,

importantadvanceshavebeenmadeinmedicineandenvironmentalsciencethankstoincreasingcomputerpower.

此外，還在醫(yī)學和環(huán)境科學方面取得了重大進步，這些多虧了不斷增強的計算機能力。

inaddition:usedforaddinginformationtoastatement此外(還)，另外，相當于副詞besides；單獨作狀語egThehotweatheraffectedmanyareas.Inaddition(=Besides),cropsfailedinmanyprovinces.

炎熱的天氣影響了許多地區(qū)。此外，在許多地方莊稼也沒有收成。inadditionto...除……之外（還有），其后要接名詞、代詞或動名詞作賓語，to是介詞egInadditiontoEnglish,hehastostudyasecondforeignlanguage.

除英語外，他還得學第二外語。InadditiontoalargecollectionofscientificworksinChinese，ourlibrarycontainsmanyscientificbooksinforeignlanguages．

我們圖書館除了藏有大批中文科技書籍之外，還有許多外文科技書籍?！就卣埂俊菊Z境應用】用inaddition或inadditionto填空。1)________________somepicturebooks,westillneedsomestorybooks.2)Mygrandmagaveussandwichesforourpicnicandabagofcookies______________.3)It’stoolatetoinviteanymorepeople.____________,youknowhowmymotherhatesparties.4)HespeaksFrench_______________English.InadditiontoinadditionInadditioninadditiontothanksto:becauseof

幸虧，由于，因為to是介詞，作原因狀語egThankstomyteacher,Ifinishedtheessay.多虧了我的老師，我才能完成這篇論文。常見的表示原因的短語還有：becauseof,asaresultof。egIhadtomovebecauseofmyjob.

因為工作的原因，我必須得搬家。Manypeoplearenowhomelessasaresultofthecivilwar.

由于這場內(nèi)戰(zhàn)，許多人都無家可歸了?！菊Z境應用】翻譯句子。1)由于你的幫助，我們成功了。2)因為下雨他們沒有爬山。3)因有霧該航班晚點。Thankstoyourhelp,wesucceeded.Theydidn’tclimbthemountainbecauseoftherain.Theflightwasdelayedasaresultoffog.7.Newinventionslike3Dprintershavebeenusedtomakereplacementheartsandboneparts.新的像3D打印機這樣的發(fā)明已經(jīng)被用來制造替代心臟和骨骼。

beusedtodo被用來做形近詞usedtodo過去常常做某事beusedtodosth被用來做某事beusedtodoing習慣于做某事【語境應用】用usedto或beusedto的適當形式填空。1)Dialogue__________makethestorymorerealtothereaders.2)Henry__________thecoldweatherafterhelivedtherefortwoyears.3)She__________callhermothereveryweekbutnowshecallsonlyoccasionally.4)I_____________drinktea,butnowI__________drinkingtea.isusedtowasusedtousedtodidn’tusedtoamusedto8.Intermsoftheenvironment,itisnowpossibletocreateanintelligentwalkinghouse.就環(huán)境而言，現(xiàn)在，創(chuàng)造一座智能可行走的房子是可能的。

intermsof就……而言，從……的角度，根據(jù)，依照

egIt

cannotbe

measured

in

terms

of

money.這是不能用金錢衡量的。Itisasmallcountrybothintermsofsizeandpopulation.

就面積和人口而言，它都是個小國。inthelong/shortterm從長期/短期來看beongood/badtermswithsb與某人關系好/不好【語境應用】根據(jù)漢語意思用term的相關短語完成句子。1)就薪水而言，這份工作倒是不錯，但是它也有一些缺點。Thejobisgreat_______________salary,butitalsohassomedisadvantages.2)從長期來看，他們所做的事情對環(huán)境是有利的。Whattheyhavedoneisgoodfortheenvironment__________________.intermsofinthelongterm9.ItiscapableofusingGPStechnologytotraveltodifferentplaces,withcomputingtechnologycontrollingits“l(fā)egs”.

它能依靠全球定位系統(tǒng)技術四處移動，計算機技術則控制著它的“雙腿”。

capableadj.havingtheabilityorqualitiesnecessaryfordoingsth.

有……能力的

abletodothingswell能力強的，能干的egI'mperfectlycapableofdoingitmyself,thankyou.

謝謝，我完全有能力自己做。

capablehands高手，能手computerv.tocalculatesth.計算；估算egThelosseswerecomputedat$5million.

損失估算為500萬美元。10.…h(huán)ugeadvancesinsolartechnologymeanitcanbeeco-friendly.太陽能技術的巨大進步也意味著它可以很環(huán)保。eco-friendly=environmentallyfriendlyeco-ecologyn.生態(tài)學ecotourism生態(tài)旅游

ecosystem生態(tài)系統(tǒng)

eco-activist環(huán)保人士

11.Sowhatisitthatinspiresustoinventthings?

那么，是什么激勵我們?nèi)グl(fā)明東西呢？

whatisitthat…是強調(diào)句型的特殊疑問句形式。

強調(diào)句基本結構：Itis/was+被強調(diào)部分+that(指人可用who)…

被強調(diào)的一般是主語、賓語和狀語。egItwasinthestreetthatImetLiNa.ItwasLiNathat/whoImetinthestreet.Itwasmethat/whometLiNainthestreet.Wasitintheofficethathesawyoujustnow?(強調(diào)句的一般疑問句結構)12.Butwhatremainsimportantisthatwehaveanincredibledesiretothinkandcreate,andthat’stherealspiritofinvention.但是，重要的是，我們對思考和創(chuàng)造有著一種極度的渴望，而這是真正的發(fā)明的精神。whatremainsimportant是what引導的主語從句。that