PAGEPAGE1Unit12CultureShock一、課前基礎(chǔ)自查(一)分類記單詞——省時高效Ⅰ.閱讀單詞(知其意)1．soccern．(英式)足球2．easternadj.東方國家的；東部的3．flashlightn.手電筒4．noveln.(長篇)小說5．schoolmaten.同學(xué)6．headmastern.校長7．handkerchiefn.手帕，紙巾8．canteenn.食堂，餐廳9．a(chǎn)ppetiten.食欲，胃口10．yummyadj.美味的11．eruptvi.爆發(fā)，噴發(fā)12．parceln.郵包，包袱13．earthquaken.地震14．literaturen.文學(xué)15．well-offadj.富有的Ⅱ.重點單詞(寫其形)1．a(chǎn)bsorb_vt.汲?。焕斫?，駕馭2．bear_vt.攜帶；容忍3.familiaradj.熟識的，常見的4．indicate_vt.表明；表示5．laughtern.笑；笑聲6．brief_adj.短暫的，簡短的7．exchangevt.兌換，交換8．requestn.懇求9．a(chǎn)ttachvt.喜愛，依戀；系，固定10．owevt.欠(情、債等)11．modestadj.虛心的；適度的12．a(chǎn)spect_n.方面13．exportvt.出口，輸出14．whispervi.低語，耳語15．custom_n.習(xí)俗，風(fēng)俗16．outdoors_adv.在戶外，在野外17．manners_n.禮貌18．starevi.注視，盯著看19．broadadj.各種各樣的；廣袤的20．outgoingadj.友好的，樂于交友的21．book_vt.預(yù)約，預(yù)訂Ⅲ.拓展單詞(通其變)1．a(chǎn)dditionn．相加；增加物→additionaladj.補充的，額外的，附加的2．a(chǎn)pologyn．致歉，認錯→apologizev．致歉，謝罪3．expectationn．期盼的事物；預(yù)期→expectvt.期盼，預(yù)料；希望→expectedadj.預(yù)期的，預(yù)料的4．majorityn．大半，大多數(shù)→majoradj.主要的vi.主修5．reasonableadj.合理的，正值的→reasonn．理由v.推論；勸告；理解→reasonablyadv.合理地；相當?shù)?．movementn．動作；活動→movev．移動；感動→movableadj.可移動的→movingadj.令人感動的7．curiouslyadv.新奇地；驚異地→curiousadj.新奇的→curiosityn．新奇心8．informaladj.非正式的→formaladj.正式的9．injurevt.損害→injuryn．損害，損害→injuredadj.受傷的10．educatorn．教化者→educationn．教化→educatedadj.有教養(yǎng)的→educatevt.教化[語境活用]1．Hisgenerousdonationfilledourneedforadditionalfunds,andinaddition,_itencouragedmoreandmorepeopletogiveahand.(addition)2．Hisexplanationwasnotreasonable,_soallofusdidn'taccepthisreasonforbeingabsence.Heshouldapologizetousreasonably.(reason)3．Heexpectedthateveryonewouldburstoutlaughingwhenhefinishedhisjoke,butbeyondhisexpectationnobodylaughed.(expect)4．Theboyisalwayscuriousabouttheworldoutsideandshowsgreatcuriosityaboutwhatisgoingoninnature.(curious)5．Threepeoplewerekilledandfivewereinjuredinthecrash.Thedoctorsaidtwooftheinjuredhadseriousinjuries.(injure)6．Manystudentswhowereeducatedbythefamouseducatorreceivedfurthereducation.(educate)(二)練中記短語——記牢用活寫準記牢語境活用(選用左欄短語填空)1.get_used_to習(xí)慣于2．give_..._a_lift讓……搭車，搭便車3．see_...off給(某人)送行4．belong_to屬于5．insist_on堅持，堅決要求6．stare_at盯著看；注視7．be_attached_to附屬于8．sound_like聽起來像9．in_poor_condition狀況不好10．be_sensitive_to對……敏感11．a(chǎn)t_least至少12．contrary_to與……相反13．put/bring_an_end_to結(jié)束14．loads_of很多，大量1.Theforeignstudentcouldnotget_used_toeatingthestrangefood.2．AfterTom_sawFrankoffatthebusstation,hewenttotheschoolofficetowork.3．Afinalbattleput/brought_an_end_tothewar,andthenthecountryhadbeeninpeaceformanyyears.4．Theyoungmaninsisted_onbeingsenttowherehewasmostneeded.5．Thefreshairbelongs_equally_tousall;weshouldprotectitfrombeingpolluted.6．Imadeeverythingperfectlyclear—orat_leastIthoughtIdid.7．Don'tbe_sensitive_towhatIsaid—Iwasn'tcriticizingyou.8．Theystared_atthestrangesightinsilentwonder.(三)仿寫明句式——以用為本教材原句句式解讀句式仿寫1.I'dratherstaycosyandreadmynovel.我寧可舒適地待著，看看小說。wouldratherdo...“寧愿做……”。假如你撒謊或者不遵守諾言，沒有人會信任你。因此我寧愿受到責(zé)怪也不會去欺瞞他人。Ifyoutellliesordon'tkeepyourwords,noonewilltrustyou.SoIwould_rather_be_scoldedthancheatothers.2.Wouldyoumindgivingmeandmyschoolmatealifttoschool?你能讓我和我的同學(xué)搭上你的車去上學(xué)嗎？Wouldyouminddoing...？“請你做……好嗎？”(2024·全國卷Ⅱ書面表達)看完短片后，請給我們提一些建議好嗎？Afterseeingtheshortfilm，would_you_mind_givingussomeadvice,please？3.Decidewheretogoonholidaywithafriend.定好和摯友到哪里去度假?！疤貏e疑問詞＋不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)。(2014·重慶高考書面表達)我很珍惜這本書，因為它告知我如何用一種主動的方式保持平衡的友情。Ivaluethisbookbecauseittellsmehow_to_keepthebalanceoffriendshipinapositiveway.4.WhenIfirstarrivedinSanFrancisco,IhadadifficulttimeunderstandingcertainaspectsoftheAmericanwayofdoingthings.剛到舊金山的時候，有段時間我感到很難理解某些美國人的處事方式。haveadifficulttime(in)doingsth.“有一段較為困難的時間”。(2013·江西高考書面表達)爬山有點困難，但到達山頂后，我們興奮地又跳又叫。Wehave_a_difficult_time_(in)_climbing_the_hill,_butwejumpedandcheeredwithjoyafterwegottothetop.5.IhadasimilarexperiencethelasttimeIvisitedChina.上次我到中國參觀時也有同樣的經(jīng)驗。thelasttime“上次……的時候”，用作連詞引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句。(2024·全國卷Ⅱ書面表達)我仍舊記著上次你來我們學(xué)校參觀的時候給我展示了關(guān)于那個主題的照片。Irememberyoushowedmesomephotosonthatthemethe_last_time_you_visited_our_school.二、課堂重點深化1．owevt.欠(情、債等)；歸功于[自主體驗]單句語法填空①Theseearlysettlersowedtheirsurvival_tohardworkanddeterminationtosucceed.②IoweittoyouthatIfinishedmyworkaheadoftime.③Owingtothebadweather,theflightwasdelayedforacoupleofhours.句型轉(zhuǎn)換④Thecountryowesforeigncountriesbillionsofdollarsbecauseofthefinancialcrisis.→Thecountryowesbillionsofdollarstoforeigncountriesbecauseofthefinancialcrisis.[系統(tǒng)歸納]owesb.sth.＝owesth.tosb. 欠某人某物owe...to... 把……歸功于；歸因于owingto 因為；由于oweittosb.that... 多虧了某人[重點強化]易錯到處防⑤Heowesthistohisdoctor'scarethatheisquitewellagain.this→it佳句時時寫⑥(2024·江蘇高考書面表達)我們把排名的提高歸功于產(chǎn)品和服務(wù)上。We_owe_it_to_the_products_or_services_that_good_ratings_increase.[名師指津]假如owe的賓語是動詞不定式或名詞性從句，可運用it作形式賓語，將充當真正賓語的動詞不定式或名詞性從句放在句尾。2．a(chǎn)bsorbvt.汲??；理解；運用心；使聚精會神；駕馭[自主體驗]單句語法填空①Certainchemicalsareeasilyabsorbedintothebloodstream,whileothersarenot.②Absorbed(absorb)inpainting,Marydidn'tnoticeeveningapproaching.③Mostlittleshopshavebeenabsorbedby/intobigbusinesses.完成句子④Heis_absorbed_in_the_sports_newsonthebackpageofhisnewspaper.他在聚精會神地閱讀報紙末版上的體育新聞。⑤ThefirstChinesewomanastronautLiuYangabsorbed_the_whole_world's_attention.第一位中國女宇航員劉洋吸引了全世界的留意力。[系統(tǒng)歸納](1)absorbsb.'sattentionto(doing)sth. 吸引某人對(做)某事的留意力absorb...into... 把……汲取到/并入……(2)beabsorbedby/into... 被……吞并；為……所汲取beabsorbedin(doing)sth. 聚精會神于/熱衷于/一心從事某事[重點強化]易錯到處防⑥Absorbedwithhiswork,hesimplyforgottohavesupperandsleep.with→in佳句時時寫⑦(2015·福建高考書面表達)一縷光線從墻上的一個小孔穿過，他(借助燈光)聚精會神地讀書。A_weak_ray_of_light_came_in_through_a_small_hole_in_the_wall_and_he_was_absorbed_in_his_reading.[聯(lián)想發(fā)散](1)表示“吸引某人留意(力)”的短語還有：①draw/attractone'sattention②catchone'sattention/eyes(2)表示“用心于”的短語還有：①belost/buriedin②bedevotedto3．familiaradj.熟識的，常見的[自主體驗]單句語法填空①I'vejustcomehere.I'mstillnotfamiliarwiththework.②ThisoldsongisfamiliartothoseChinesepeoplewholivedinthe1960s.完成句子③Iwas_so_familiar_with_himthatIrecognizedhisvoiceinstantlyIpickedupthephone.我對他是如此的熟識以至于我一拿起電話就聽出了他的聲音。[系統(tǒng)歸納]sb.befamiliarwithsth. 某人對某物熟識sth.befamiliartosb.＝sth.beknowntosb. 某物為某人所熟識[重點強化]易錯到處防④Heisquitefamiliartothecitybecauseheisanativeofit.to→with佳句時時寫⑤(2024·北京高考書面表達)你最好提前學(xué)習(xí)基礎(chǔ)漢語。只有用這種方式，你才能熟識北京的生活。You'd_better_learn_some_basic_Chinese_ahead_of_time._Only_in_this_way_can_you_get_familiar_with_the_life_in_Beijing.[名師指津]befamiliarwith主語一般是有生命的人，意為“某人對某人/某事熟識”；befamiliarto主語一般是無生命的事物，意為“某事為某人所熟識”。4．a(chǎn)ttachvt.系，固定；附上，貼上；喜愛，依戀[自主體驗]單句語法填空①Itishightimethatthecountryshouldattachimportancetoenergysavingandenvironmentprotection.②Ayoungmanattachedhimself(he)tomeatthepartyandIcouldn'tgetridofhim.③Fatheraskedmetoattachastamptotheenvelopeandmailit.完成句子④Don'tattach_too_much_importance_tothisreport.不要過于看重這份報告。⑤Theresearchunitis_attached_to_theuniversity.這個探討機構(gòu)附屬于這所高校。[系統(tǒng)歸納](1)attach...to... 把……固定到/附/貼在……上attachimportance/significance/valueto 認為……重要/有意義/有價值attachoneselftosb. 與某人在一起；纏著某人(2)attachedadj. 依戀的；附加的(be)attachedto 附屬于；依戀[重點強化]易錯到處防⑥Inmanycountries,packetsofcigarettescomewithagovernmenthealthwarningattachedonthem.on→to佳句時時寫⑦(2024·天津高考書面表達)為了成為第十三屆全運會的志愿者，我提前做了很多我認為重要的準備。To_get_admitted_as_a_volunteer_for_the_13th_National_Games,_I_have_made_many_preparations_I_attach_importance_to_in_advance.5．requestn．&vt.懇求，要求[自主體驗]單句語法填空①At_therequestofmayor,hemadeaspeechonthesquare.②Youcantalktotherobot,askitquestions,andrequestitto_perform(perform)differenttasks.③ThePoliceCommitteerequestedagrantfromtheGovernmenttocovertheextraexpense.一句多譯老板要求我們不要在辦公室里吸煙。④The_boss_requested_us_not_to_smoke_in_the_office.(requestsb.nottodo)⑤The_boss_requested_that_we_(should)_not_smoke_in_the_office.(requestthat)⑥It_was_requested_that_we_(should)_not_smoke_in_the_office.(Itis/wasrequestedthat)[系統(tǒng)歸納](1)makearequestfor... 懇求，要求……atsb.'srequest＝attherequestofsb.應(yīng)某人的要求(2)requestsb.(not)todosth. 懇求某人(不)做某事requeststh.from/ofsb. 向某人懇求某物request(that)... 懇求……Itis/wasrequestedthat... 據(jù)要求……[重點強化]易錯到處防⑦MyfatherrequestedthatIarrivedhomeatdusk.arrived→arrive佳句時時寫⑧(2024·全國卷Ⅲ書面表達)要求兩個隊每天訓(xùn)練兩個小時并且定期參與競賽。It_is_requested_that_both_teams_train_for_two_hours_a_day_and_participate_in_competitions_regularly.[名師指津]在與request相關(guān)的名詞性從句或“Itis/wasrequestedthat...”句型中，從句謂語動詞用“should＋do”表示虛擬語氣，should可以省略。6．exchangevt.&n.兌換，交換[自主體驗]單句語法填空①Iwillmakethebestoftheopportunitytoexchangeideaswiththem.②Iamgoingtotravelabroad,soIgotoexchangesomeRMBfordollarsinthebank.③I'lltypeyourreportifyou'llbabysittomakeanexchange.一句多譯他用一個蘋果換我一塊蛋糕。④Hegavemeanapplein_exchange_forapieceofcake.⑤Heexchanged_an_apple_with_me_forapieceofcake.[系統(tǒng)歸納](1)exchangesth.forsth. 以某物交換某物exchangesth.withsb. 與某人交換某物(2)makeanexchange 交換inexchangeforsth. 交換某物[重點強化]易錯到處防⑥Itisillegalforpublicofficialstosolicit(索要)giftsormoneyinexchangewithfavours.with→for佳句時時寫⑦(2014·天津高考書面表達)得知你下學(xué)期將作為一名溝通生來我們學(xué)校我特別興奮。I'm_very_happy_to_learn_that_you_will_come_to_our_school_next_term_as_an_exchange_student._7．majorityn．大半，大多數(shù)[自主體驗]單句語法填空①Atpresent,intheteachingprofession,womenareina/themajority.②Themajorityis/are(be)infavouroftheproposalthatweshouldsavewaterinourdailylife.③ThemajorityofastronautsfromAmericahave_been(be)meninthelastfewyears.完成句子④Thewhiteare_in_the_majorityinAustraliawhilethenativepeoplein_the_minority.在澳大利亞，白人占多數(shù)而原住民反而占少數(shù)。⑤The_majority_of_the_damageiseasytorepair.大部分的損失很簡潔補救。[系統(tǒng)歸納](1)a/themajorityof……的大多數(shù)ina/themajority 占大多數(shù)by/withamajorityof 以多數(shù)票……(2)minorityn. 少數(shù)intheminority 占少數(shù)(3)“a/themajorityof＋名詞”作主語時，其后謂語動詞的單復(fù)數(shù)取決于of后名詞的數(shù)。themajority作主語時，謂語動詞既可以用復(fù)數(shù)，也可以用單數(shù)。[重點強化]易錯到處防⑥Themajorityofthelandhavebeendestroyedsofar.have→has佳句時時寫⑦(2024·四川高考書面表達)正像我一樣，大部分人認為夏天比其他三個季節(jié)好玩。Just_like_me,_the_majority_think_summer_is_certainly_more_interesting_than_the_other_three_seasons.8．bearvi.&vt.(bore,borne/born)容忍，忍受；擔(dān)當(責(zé)任)；支撐；承受；生育；誕生；結(jié)(果實)；攜帶[自主體驗]寫出下列句中bear的含義①Ican'tbearsharingthesameroomwithhim. 容忍，忍受②Johnwasbittenbyadog,andhebearsthescarstothisday. 攜帶③Ithinktheiceonthelakeistoothintobearyourweight. 支撐④Shehasborneasonandtwodaughters. 生育⑤WhydoIhavetobearallthecostsofrepair？ 擔(dān)當完成句子⑥Youshouldn'thavetobear_the_blame_forotherpeople'smistakes.你不應(yīng)當非得代人受過。⑦Wemustbear_it_in_mind_thatwastingtimeisequaltowastingourlife.我們必需牢記奢侈時間等于奢侈生命。[系統(tǒng)歸納]beartheblame/responsibility受責(zé)怪/擔(dān)當責(zé)任can'tbeardoing/todosth. 不能忍受做某事bearsb./sb.'sdoingsth. 忍受某人做某事bearsth.inmind 牢記某事bear(it)inmindthat... 牢記……[重點強化]易錯到處防⑧Hecouldn'tbearbemadefunoflikethatbeforethewholeclass.be→being佳句時時寫⑨(2024·全國卷Ⅲ書面表達)請記住我們上午8：30在學(xué)校外會面。Please_bear_it_in_mind_that_we'll_meet_at_8：30_am_outside_the_school_gate.1．see...off給(某人)送行[自主體驗]單句語法填空①JohnisleavingforLondontomorrowandI'llseehimoffattheairport.②Canyouseetoitthatthefaxgoesthisafternoon?完成句子③I'msogladyou'vecomehereto_see_to_the_matterinperson.我很興奮你能親自來處理這件事情。④Youwereveryclever_to_see_through_him.Hehaddeceivedtherestofus.你能看穿他真是聰慧，他把我們其余的人都蒙蔽了。[系統(tǒng)歸納]seethrough... 看透，識破；把……做完seetosb./sth. 照料；留意；處理seetoitthat... 確保/保證……[重點強化]易錯到處防⑤Youwillhavetoseetothatallthewindowsareshutwhenyouleave.that前加it佳句時時寫⑥(2013·江西高考書面表達)上午八點，我們在學(xué)校門口集合，校長給我們送行，然后我們朝著大青山動身。At_8_am,_we_gathered_at_the_gate_of_the_school._The_headmaster_saw_us_off_and_then_we_set_out_for_Daqing_Mountain._2．getusedto習(xí)慣于[自主體驗]完成句子①Hegets_used_to_getting_up_earlyandhecanenjoythefreshairinthemorning.他習(xí)慣早起來呼吸早上簇新的空氣。②Smartphonesare_used_to_domanythingsforpeoplenow.現(xiàn)在手機被用來為人們做很多事情。③Weused_to_sitintheyardeveryevening,listeningtostoriestoldbymygrandpa.過去我們常常每天晚上坐在院子里，聽爺爺講故事。④Whenhewasyoung,heused_togothereonfoot.Nowhehasgot_used_togoingtherebybike,thoughhisbikeis_used_topickuphisgrandsonsometimes.他年輕的時候常步行去那里。現(xiàn)在他習(xí)慣于騎自行車去那里，雖然有時候他的自行車被用來接孫子。[系統(tǒng)歸納](1)be/become/grow/getusedto(doing)sth.＝be/become/grow/getaccustomedto(doing)sth. 習(xí)慣于(做)某事(2)beusedtodosth. 被用來做某事(3)usedtodosth. 過去常常做某事(示意現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)不做了)[重點強化]易錯到處防⑤Iusedtogetuplateinthemorning,butnowIamusedtogetupearly.其次個get→getting佳句時時寫⑥(2012·四川高考書面表達)我習(xí)慣了在同學(xué)的幫助下背單詞。我真的希望你能給我一些如何記憶新單詞的建議。I_am_used_to_learning_words_by_heart_with_the_help_of_classmates._I_really_hope_that_you_can_give_me_some_advice_on_how_to_memorize_new_words.3．“特別疑問詞＋不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)[教材原句]Decidewhere_to_go_on_holidaywithafriend.[自主體驗]①Whenandwhereto_discusstheissuehasn'tbeendecidedyet.何時何地探討這個問題還沒有確定。②Whynotdiscoverwhatyouenjoyanddothat?為什么不去發(fā)覺你喜愛做的然后去做呢？③Idon'tknowwhetherto_acceptitornot.我不知道是否接受它。[歸納點撥]用法規(guī)則(1)在“疑問詞＋不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)中，不定式必需用主動式而不能用被動式。(2)why后加不定式時，省略不定式符號to。(3)whether后可接不定式，而if不行以。留意事項“特別疑問詞＋不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)，在句中作賓語、主語、表語等。[佳句背誦]①(增分要點句)(2024·全國卷Ⅰ滿分作文)Speakingoftablemanners,Ithinkitisimportantforyoutoknowhowtousechopsticks.②(增分要點句)(2015·浙江高考滿分作文)Oncewewerelefttodecidewhethertohaveapicnicinaparkorgotoamuseum.Iwouldlovetogotoamuseum.③(增分要點句)ThequestionmanystudentsarepuzzledaboutishowtostudyEnglishwell.4．thelasttime引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句[教材原句]Ihadasimilarexperiencethe_last_timeIvisitedChina.[自主體驗]①The_last_timeIsawhim,hewasinhospital.上次我見到他時，他住院了。②Heleftmeagoodimpressionthe_first_timeImethim.我第一次見到他時，他給我留下了好印象。③The_momenthegotoutoftheairport,thefamouspopstarwassurroundedbyhisfans.這位聞名歌星一出飛機場，就被歌迷圍了起來。④Icametoseeyouinstantly(instant)Iheardthenews.我一聽到這個消息，就立刻來看你了。[歸納點撥]thelasttime作連詞，引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句。類似的還有：themoment，theminute，thesecond，theinstant，theday，theweek，themonth，theyear，each/every/next/any/lasttime，immediately，instantly，directly，bythetime等。[佳句背誦]①(增分要點句)(2015·安徽高考滿分作文)ThefirsttimeIinterviewedhim,helookedabitnervous.②(增分要點句)(2013·湖南高考滿分作文)Thefirsttimewelostthematch,weallfeltverydepressed,becausewehadallbeendevotedtomakingfullpreparationsforit.Ⅰ.單詞拼法1．Itseemsreasonable(合理的)toexpectrapidurbangrowth.2．Adlerwasanoutgoing(外向的),sociablekindofman.3．Iwasinthecanteen(食堂)ofalocalschoolwhenthefirealarmwentoff.4．It'straditionalforthetwoteamstoexchange(交換)shirtsafterthegame.5．Theresearchindicates(表明)thateatinghabitsischangingfast.6．Lastbutnotleast,youcanplantatree,becausetrees_absorb(汲取)carbondioxideintheairtoproduceoxygen.7．Theyweresopopularthattheirfansformedclubsinordertogetmore_familiar(熟識的)withthem.8．They'vebeentoobadlyhurtandtheycouldn'tbear(容忍)toletithappenagain.9．Aguidegaveabrief(簡短的)introductionaboutthehistoryofthesite.10．Attach(貼上)arecentphotographtoyourapplicationform.Ⅱ.單句語法填空1．Itisreportedthatthemajorityoftheyoung,withtheirparentsworkingindistantcities,have_been_suffering(suffer)fromasenseoflonelinessforyears.2．Heoweshisgoodhealthtoplentyofexerciseandaregularlife.3．Nowonderhiswifecomplainsabouthim.Noonecanbearhimstaying(stay)athome,doingnothingdayafterday.4．Itisrequestedthateachoftheteachersinvited(should)_give(give)aperformanceattheparty.5．Curiously(curious)enough,thatverysamethoughtoccurredtomewhenIheardabouttheincident.6．Educators(educate)areseriouslyconcernedaboutthehighrateofdropoutsamongthepoorstudents.7．Whatisbeingpulleddownistheonlythemeparkthatisfamiliartochildren.8．Withthedevelopmentofscienceandtechnology,thesurroundingvillageshavebeenabsorbedby/intothegrowingcity.9．Themajority(major)oftheyoungpeopleinthevillagehavevisitedtheSummerPalace.10．Whoeverhemarries,she'llhavetogetusedtogetting(get)alongwithhisfriends.Ⅲ.單句改錯1．Don'trespondtoanye-mailsrequestedpersonalinformation,nomatterhowofficialtheylook.requested→requesting2．ShesaidshewasfamiliartoMakcik'sdailyroutineandwascertainshewouldstillbesleeping.to→with3．Wehavenovacanciesnow,butwe'llcertainlybearyourapplicationonmind.on→in4．Inthelongrun,Urmsonseesafutureofsaferroads—themajorityofautoaccidentsiscausedbyhumanerror—andfewertrafficjams.is→are5．IowedtoyouthatImadesuchrapidprogressinmyspokenEnglish.owed后加it6．IgetsoabsorbingindoingsomethingthatIamunawareofthingshappeningroundme.absorbing→absorbed7．Healsosaidthattheyweredeterminedtobringendtoterrorism.end前加an8．Onlyifyouattachimportanceonyourworkcanyoumakeitwell.on→to9．You'dbettergetusedtodoasyou'retold.do→doing10．Bothofmyparentsinsistaboutbuyingacomputerforme,butIdon'tthinkitisnecessary.about→onⅣ.完成句子1．Thiskindofcanceris_attached_to_smoking_and_drinking.這種癌癥與吸煙、喝酒有聯(lián)系。2．Hewas_absorbed_in_thebooksafterborrowingthemfromabookshop.從書店借來書之后，他便沉醉在這些書中。3．Thousandsofpeoplewereattheairportto_see_them_off.數(shù)千人在機場為他們送行。4．The_last_time_I_wrote_you_a_letter,_itwasthefourthyearafterIgraduated.我上一次給你寫信，那是在我畢業(yè)后的第四年。5．Hehasneverconsideredhow_to_solve_the_problem.他從未考慮過如何解決這個問題。本單元語篇話題與新課程主題語境“人與社會”中的“文化影響”子話題相對應(yīng)一、話題語素積累多一點子話題——文化影響(一)淺易詞匯溫一溫①welcome②greet ③praise ④talk⑤drink⑥follow ⑦enjoy ⑧different⑨decision⑩rude ?offer ?understanding?share?traditional ?bow ?behavior?social?polite ?respond(二)生疏詞匯記一記①customn． 風(fēng)俗 ②culturen． 文化③mentionvt. 提到 ④helpfuladj. 有幫助的⑤emphasizevt. 強調(diào) ⑥culturaladj. 文化的⑦relationshipn. 關(guān)系 ⑧uncomfortableadj. 不舒適的⑨unnecessaryadj. 不必要的⑩similaradj. 相像的?experiencen. 經(jīng)驗 ?valuen. 價值?conversationn. 談話 ?representv. 代表?symboln. 象征 ?gesturen. 姿態(tài)?misunderstandv. 誤會 ?punctualadj. 準時的?reflectv. 反映 ?uniqueadj. 獨特的(三)常用詞塊憶一憶①Chinesesocialcustoms中國社交習(xí)俗②showpoliteness 表達禮貌③put...away 把……收起來④atdinnerparty 在宴會上⑤lookforwardto 盼望⑥r(nóng)elationshipbuilding 關(guān)系建立⑦inmyownculture 在我自己的文化里⑧furtherstudy 深造⑨becomparedwith 與……相比較⑩comeacross 偶遇?inadditionto 除……以外?foreignlanguage 外語?second-languageskills 其次語言技能?eyecontact 眼神溝通?facialexpression 面部表情?removeprejudiceandmisunderstanding消退偏見和誤會?culturalexchange 文化溝通?culturalbackground 文化背景?cross-culturalcommunication跨文化溝通?multiculturalsociety 多元文化社會eq\o(○,\s\up1(21))culturaldiversity 文化差異(四)寫作佳句背一背①Cultureshockiscausedbytheanxietythatresultsfromlosingallourfamiliarsignsandsymbolsorsocialcontact.②Manytraditionalvaluesareofpermanentsignificanceandshouldbeobservedinthemodernandpostmoderneras.③Alackofawarenessofculturaldiversityorlocalcustomscancreateproblems,andcausetrouble.二、話題書面表達亮一點eq\a\vs4\al([題目要求])假設(shè)你是李華。你的外國筆友Jane準備七月來中國，特來信了解中國的社交習(xí)俗。請你用英語寫一封回信。從以下幾個方面給出建議：1．見面時的問候方式；2．對贊美的回答方式；3．接收禮物時的回應(yīng)方式；4．餐飲禮節(jié)。留意：1.詞數(shù)100左右；2．可以適當增加細微環(huán)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。[寫作4步走]第一步：句寫對——給詞寫句welcome,Chinesesocialcustoms,greet,praise,reply,unnecessary,inadditionto,showpoliteness,put...away,atdinnerparty,talk,drink,custom,culture,follow,proverb,enjoy,mention,helpful,lookforwardtoeq\a\vs4\al((用方框內(nèi)的詞匯翻譯句子))1．很興奮收到你的來信，歡迎你七月份來中國。I'm_glad_to_hear_from_you_and_you_are_welcome_to_China_in_July.2．下面就是一些中國社交習(xí)俗。The_followings_are_some_Chinese_social_customs.3．我們通過說“你好！”或者問“你去哪兒？”“你忙嗎？”這樣的問題來相互問候。We_greet_each_other_by_saying_“Hello！”_or_asking_such_questions_as_“Where_are_you_going？”_or_“Are_you_busy？”4．當受到表揚時，我們回復(fù)“哦，不！”或“過獎啦。”When_we_are_praised,_we_reply_with_“Oh,_no！”_or__“I'm_overpraised.”5．收到禮物時，我們通常說“不必帶禮物?！?，附帶“感謝！”來表示禮貌然后把禮物收起來。When_receiving_a_gift,_we_usually_say_“It's_unnecessary.”_in_addition_to_“Thanks！”_to_show_politeness_and_then_put_it_away.6．在宴會上，當喝酒祝愿某人健康或成功時，我們以大聲談話和碰杯來表示。At_dinner_parties,_we_talk_loudly_and_touch_glasses_when_we_are_drinking_to_someone's_health_or_success.7．不同的文化有不同的習(xí)俗。There_are_different_customs_in_different_cultures.8．你遵守諺語“入鄉(xiāng)隨俗”。You_follow_the_proverb_“Do_as_the_Romans_do_when_in_Rome”．9．你將在這里享受到更多歡樂。You'll_enjoy_more_of_your_stay_here.10．我希望上面提到的會對你有所幫助，盼望著你的到來。I_hope_what's_mentioned_above_will_be_helpful_and_I_am_really_looking_forward_to_your_coming.其次步：量寫夠——語句擴充11．在第4句中加入目的狀語“來表達禮貌”。When_we_are_praised,_we_reply_with_“Oh,_no！”_or_“I'm_overpraised.”_to_show_good_manners.12．在第6句中加入目的狀語“來表達我們的熱心”。At_dinner_parties,_we_talk_loudly_and_touch_glasses_when_we_are_drinking_to_someone's_health_or_success_to_show_that_we're_warm.第三步：語寫美——詞句升格13．用“when＋過去分詞”改寫第11句。When_praised,_we_reply_with_“Oh,_no！”_or_“I'm_overpraised.”_to_show_good_manners.14．用“when＋現(xiàn)在分詞”改寫第12句。At_dinner_parties,_we_talk_loudly_and_touch_glasses_when_drinking_to_someone's_health_or_success_to_show_that_we're_warm.15．用if引導(dǎo)的狀語從句合并第8句和第9句。If_you_follow_the_proverb_“Do_as_the_Romans_do_when_in_Rome”，_you'll_enjoy_more_of_your_stay_here.第四步：篇連順——連接成文用firstly，secondly，next，finally，anyhow等詞匯連句成文。Dear_Jane，I'm_glad_to_hear_from_you_and_you_are_welcome_to_China_in_July._The_followings_are_some_Chinese_social_customs.Firstly,_we_greet_each_other_by_saying_“Hello！”or_asking_such_questions_as_“Where_are_you_going？”_or_“Are_you_busy？”Secondly,_when_praised,_we_reply_with_“Oh,_no！”_or_“I'm_overpraised.”_to_show_good_manners._Next,_when_receiving_a_gift,_we_usually_say_“It's_unnecessary.”_in_addition_to_“Thanks！”_to_show_politeness_and_then_put_it_away._Finally,_at_dinner_parties,_we_talk_loudly_and_touch_glasses_when_drinking_to_someone's_health_or_success_to_show_that_we're_warm.Anyhow,_there_are_different_customs_in_different_cultures._If_you_follow_the_proverb_“Do_as_the_Romans_do_when_in_Rome.”，_you'll_enjoy_more_of_your_stay_here.I_hope_what's_mentioned_above_will_be_helpful_and_I_am_really_looking_forward_to_your_coming.Yours，Li_HuaⅠ.依據(jù)提示填空Differentcultures?emphasize(強調(diào))theimportanceof?relationship_building(關(guān)系建立)toagreaterorlesserdegree.Forexample,businessinsomecountriesisnotpossibleuntilthereisarelationshipoftrust.Talkandsilencemayalsobe?different(difference)insomecultures.IoncemadeaspeechinThailand.Ihadexpectedmyspeechtobeasuccessandstartalivelydiscussion;insteadtherewasan?uncomfortable(不舒適的)silence.Thepeoplepresentjuststaredatmeandsmiled.Aftergettingtoknowtheirwaysbetter,IrealizedthattheythoughtIwastalkingtoomuch.?In_my_own_culture(在我自己的文化里),weexpressmeaningmainlythroughwords,butpeopletheresometimesfeeltoomanywordsare?unnecessary(沒必要的)．EvenwithinNorthernEurope,?cultural(culture)differencescancauseseriousproblems.Certainly,EnglishandGermanculturesshare?similar(相像的)values;however，Germansprefertogetdowntobusinessmorequickly.Wethinkthattheyare?rude(粗魯?shù)?．Infact,thisisjustbecauseoneculturestartsdiscussionsandmakeseq\o(○,\s\up1(10))decisions(decide)morequickly.Ⅱ.片段選詞填空offer，furtherstudy，experience，becomparedwith，understanding，value，comeacross，inadditionto，foreignlanguage，second-languageskillsTheotherdayIannouncedthatIwouldgoabroadfor?further_studyrightaftermycollegeeducation.Mydecisionevoked(引起，喚起)theimmediateobjectionofmyfamily:Why?WhyshouldIborrowahugesumofmoneyforoverseasstudywhileImightreceivethesameeducationathomeatarelativelylowcost?Myansweris:?in_addition_to_knowledge,Icangainexperiencethatthosewhostayathomewillneverhave.First,?experienceistheopportunityforthereal-lifeuseof?foreign_languages.Whileapersoncanstudyaforeignlanguageathome,theeffectcannever?be_compared_withconstantuseofthelanguageineverydaylife.Thereisnobetteropportunitytoimprove?second-language_skillsthanlivinginthecountryinwhichitisspoken.Second,livingandstudyingabroad?offersmeadifferentperspective(角度)oftheworld.Onauniversitycampus,foreignstudentsarelikelyto?come_acrosstheircounter-partsfromdifferentcountriesandareasandareexposedtodifferentideasand?values.Thishelpsmetohaveabettereq\o(○,\s\up1(10))understanding_ofdifferentsocietiesandinevitably(必定地)seemyowncountryinanewlight.Third,overseasexperience,disappointingandpainfulasitmaybe,ishelpful.Apersongoingabroadforstudyoftenexperiencesmuchmoredifficulty—difficultyinadaptingtoanewcultureandindealingwithallproblemsalone.一、復(fù)現(xiàn)單元考點——增加備考信念Ⅰ.高考中的語法填空1．(2024·全國卷Ⅱ)Atasteformeatisactuallybehindthechange:Animportantpartofitscornisusedto_feed(feed)chickens,pigs,andcattle.2．(2024·全國卷Ⅲ)Idon'twanttogettooabsorbed(absorb)inmodeling.Itiscertainlyfunbutthelifestyleisalittleunreal.3．(2024·天津高考)Iwaswearingaseatbelt.IfIhadn'tbeenwearingone,Iwould_have_been_injured(injure)．4．(2015·天津高考)Absorbed_(absorb)inpainting,Johndidn'tnoticeeveningapproaching.5．(2014·安徽高考)—Igetatleasthalfanhourofexercisealmosteveryday.—Ohgreat!Keepitup.6．(2013·廣東高考)“Thatwouldbeaveryreasonable(reason)thingtodoinabigcity,butitcoulddestroyasmallvillagelikeours，”Nicksaid.Ⅱ.高考中的完形填空(選用owe,atleast,familiar,request,stare,bear,laughter填空)1．(2024·全國卷Ⅱ)Thosebrowneyeswerevery__53__.“What'shisname？”Iaskedtheinstructor.“Ben，”hereplied,andimmediatelyIknew.Thatstrangerwasmyson！____________2．(2024·全國卷Ⅲ)Muchtothefamily'ssurprise,Dennisstucktohispromise!Heturnedupatthehospital__53__giftsforthenewmotherLindseyandherbabyboy.____________3．(2024·四川高考)ThebooksailedthroughtheairtoAuntDedeandshebegantoreaditaloud.Bytheendofthefirstchapter