高級中學(xué)名校試題PAGEPAGE1河北省衡水市至臻期末考試2024-2025學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期1月期末英語試題第一部分聽力（略）第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AThe2024ScienceFictionShortStoryContestThe2023ScienceFictionShortStoryContestjustcametoanend.Welcometoour2024ScienceFictionShortStoryContestsponsoredbyScienceFictionAssociationinourcity.Thecontestistoencourageamateurandsemi-professionalwriterstoreachthenextlevelofproficiency.Wewilllookforengagingopenings,goodcharacterdevelopment,well-structuredplotting,powerfulimagery,humorouslanguage,uniquewordorphrasingchoices,andconvincingendings.Cometoshowtheworldyourfantasyimaginationandstorytellingtalents!RequirementAqualifyingstorymusthavestrongsciencefictionorfantasyelementsandmustbeshorterthan7,500words.Yourentriesmustbeoriginalworksoffiction.Ifyouhavereceivedprizesforyourfictionwritingfromanysourceoryourstoryhasbeenpublishedinanypayingpublication,youarenolongerqualified.Pastwinnersofourcontestarenolongerqualified.Noreprints,fanfictionorpoetry,please.JudgeandPrizeJudgeswillprovidefeedbacksforallqualifyingcontestentries.First-roundjudgeswillconsistofScienceFictionAssociationmembersandvolunteers.Theprofessionalwriters’decisionisfinal.Thechampions,runners-upandhonorablementionswillreceiveprizesincludingcashprize,acertificateofachievement,ScienceFictionAssociationPressbooks,andafreemembershiptoScienceFictionAssociation,Allwinnerscanselecttheirbooksandeithertakethemimmediatelyoraskforthemtobeshippedlater.DeadlineThecontestwillbelimitedtothefirst60qualifyingentries.WhilethesubmissiondeadlineisSeptember30th,2024,wemaycloseofftheentryfortheyearsooneriftheresponseislargerthanexpected.ThewinnerswillbepublishedonDecember31th.NoticePleaseplaceyourcontactinformationforpossibleawards.Thereisnoentryfee.Pleasesubmitonlyoneentryperauthor.1.Whatistheactivityabout?A.Storytelling. B.Storywriting.C.Writertraining. D.Writerrecommending.2.Whatisarequirementforthesciencefictionofthecontest?A.Itcancomeastheformofapoem. B.Itshouldbeover7,500wordslong.C.Itmustbetheauthor’soriginalone. D.Itissupposedtobepublishedbefore.3.Whowillfinallydeterminethewinners?A.Professionalwriters. B.Amateurwriters.C.ScienceFictionAssociationmembers. D.ScienceFictionAssociationvolunteers.【答案】1.B2.C3.A【語篇解讀】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了2024年科幻短篇小說大賽的情況?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Thecontestistoencourageamateurandsemi-professionalwriterstoreachthenextlevelofproficiency...Cometoshowtheworldyourfantasyimaginationandstorytellingtalents!(比賽是為了鼓勵(lì)業(yè)余和半專業(yè)作家達(dá)到下一個(gè)熟練水平快來向世界展示你的奇幻想象力和講故事的才能吧！)”可知，這個(gè)活動(dòng)關(guān)于故事寫作。故選B?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Yourentriesmustbeoriginalworksoffiction.Ifyouhavereceivedprizesforyourfictionwritingfromanysourceoryourstoryhasbeenpublishedinanypayingpublication,youarenolongerqualified.(參賽作品必須是原創(chuàng)小說。如果你的小說寫作獲得過任何來源的獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)，或者你的故事在任何付費(fèi)出版物上發(fā)表過，你就不再有資格)”可知，競賽的科幻作品要求必須是作者的原稿。故選C?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)JudgeandPrize部分中“Theprofessionalwriters’decisionisfinal.(專業(yè)作家的決定是最終的)”可知，專業(yè)作家將最終決定獲勝者。故選A。BAsamushroomscientist,youarevastlyoutnumbered,withestimatessuggestingthattherearebetween2.2millionand3.8millionspeciesoffungi(真菌),themajorityofwhichareyettobeidentified.However,professionalsinthefieldarenotaloneintheireffortstouncovernewspecies.Anenthusiasticcommunityofamateurshasemerged,bridgingthegapbetweenprofessionalsandnon-professionals.Theseamateurshaveevenmadesignificantdiscoveries.OnesuchamateurisTaylorLockwood,a74-year-oldmushroomenthusiastandprofessionalphotographer.In1984,whilelivingontheMendocinocoastofCalifornia,TaylorLockwooddevelopedafascinationwithmushrooms.“Outsidemycottageweretheseamazingmushrooms,”hesays.“Anditwasasifthesemushroomslookedatmeandsaid,‘Taylor,gooutandtelltheworldhowprettyweare.’”Lockwoodansweredtheircallandpurchasedcameraequipmenttocapturetheirtruenature.Hispassionforphotographingmushroomswassointensethathewouldevendigholesnexttothemushroomstogettheperfectangleforhisshots.IntheMonongahelaNationalForest,TaylorLockwooddiscoveredanunusualmushroomthatlookedliketinyfingerswearingoff-whitegloves.Upondeeperinvestigation,fungiresearcherAmyRossmanconfirmedthatitwasa“hazelglove”mushroom,whichisararefind.“Mushroomsarenotlikeplants,”Rossmansays.“Theydon’tcomeupatthesametimeeveryyear,andsosometimesitcanbedecadesbetweenwhenafungusfruits.”Rossmansaysthat’swhyit’ssovaluabletohavepeoplelikeTaylorLockwoodsearchingthroughtheforestwithatrainedeye.Afewyearsago,TaylorLockwoodrealizedthatstillphotosweren’tsufficient,sohechosetocreatetime-lapse(延時(shí)拍攝的)videosofmushrooms.“WhenIdotime-lapse,Iseesomuchlifehappeningaroundthemushrooms—insects,wormsandothersmallcreaturesinteractingwiththem,”hesays.Lockwood’sloveforartisevidentinhisapproachtofilmingmushroomsovertime.Althoughheappreciatesthescientificaspectofhiswork,heidentifieshimselfasanartistatheart.4.Whatcanwelearnaboutmushroomamateursfromparagraph1?A.Theykeepclosetrackofthegrowthoffungi.B.Theyhelpidentifynewspeciesofmushroom.C.Theyreplaceprofessionalscientistsinthefield.D.Theyclassifythemajorityofmushroomspecies.5.WhatinspiredLockwoodtophotographmushrooms?A.Hisdesireforknowledge.B.Hiscuriosityaboutnature.C.Thebeautyofnearbymushrooms.D.Theappealofoutdoorphotography.6.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesLockwoodaccordingtoparagraph3?A.Skilledandobservant.B.Focusedandflexible.C.Talentedandoptimistic.D.Organizedandresponsible.7.WhydidLockwooddecidetomaketime-lapsevideosofmushrooms?A.Toimprovehisphotographytechniques.B.Tocapturedynamiclifeinanartisticway.C.Tocollectbiologicaldatafordeeperresearch.D.Touseanewapproachtoscientificstudies.【答案】4.B5.C6.A7.B【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要介紹了TaylorLockwood，一名蘑菇愛好者和攝影師，在真菌學(xué)領(lǐng)域做出了重大貢獻(xiàn)?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段中“However,professionalsinthefieldarenotaloneintheireffortstouncovernewspecies.Anenthusiasticcommunityofamateurshasemerged,bridgingthegapbetweenprofessionalsandnon-professionals.Theseamateurshaveevenmadesignificantdiscoveries.(然而，在發(fā)現(xiàn)新物種的努力中，該領(lǐng)域的專業(yè)人士并不孤單。一個(gè)熱情的業(yè)余愛好者社區(qū)已經(jīng)出現(xiàn)，彌合了專業(yè)人士和非專業(yè)人士之間的差距。這些業(yè)余愛好者甚至有了重大發(fā)現(xiàn)。)”可知，蘑菇愛好者們在探索新真菌品種方面有重大發(fā)現(xiàn)，故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段中“In1984,whilelivingontheMendocinocoastofCalifornia,TaylorLockwooddevelopedafascinationwithmushrooms.“Outsidemycottageweretheseamazingmushrooms,”hesays.“Anditwasasifthesemushroomslookedatmeandsaid,‘Taylor,gooutandtelltheworldhowprettyweare.’”(1984年，泰勒·洛克伍德(TaylorLockwood)住在加利福尼亞州的門多西諾海岸，對蘑菇產(chǎn)生了濃厚的興趣?！拔业男∥萃饷嬗羞@些神奇的蘑菇，”他說。“就好像這些蘑菇看著我說，‘泰勒，出去告訴世界我們有多漂亮?！?”可知，小屋附近蘑菇的美讓Taylor決定用相機(jī)去拍攝它們，故選C項(xiàng)。【6題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段“IntheMonongahelaNationalForest,TaylorLockwooddiscoveredanunusualmushroomthatlookedliketinyfingerswearingoff-whitegloves.(在莫農(nóng)加希拉國家森林，泰勒·洛克伍德(TaylorLockwood)發(fā)現(xiàn)了一種不尋常的蘑菇，看起來像戴著灰白色手套的小手指。)”可知，Taylor在森林里發(fā)現(xiàn)了稀有的蘑菇品種，再結(jié)合第三段中“Theydon’tcomeupatthesametimeeveryyear,andsosometimesitcanbedecadesbetweenwhenafungusfruits.”Rossmansaysthat’swhyit’ssovaluabletohavepeoplelikeTaylorLockwoodsearchingthroughtheforestwithatrainedeye.(“它們不會(huì)每年在同一時(shí)間出現(xiàn)，所以有時(shí)真菌結(jié)出果實(shí)之間可能需要幾十年的時(shí)間。”羅斯曼說，這就是為什么像泰勒·洛克伍德這樣的人用訓(xùn)練有素的眼睛在森林中搜索如此有價(jià)值的原因。)”可推知，Taylor是一個(gè)有經(jīng)驗(yàn)且善于觀察的人，故選A項(xiàng)。【7題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段中““WhenIdotime-lapse,Iseesomuchlifehappeningaroundthemushrooms—insects,wormsandothersmallcreaturesinteractingwiththem,”hesays.Lockwood’sloveforartisevidentinhisapproachtofilmingmushroomsovertime.Althoughheappreciatesthescientificaspectofhiswork,heidentifieshimselfasanartistatheart.(“當(dāng)我進(jìn)行延時(shí)攝影時(shí)，我看到蘑菇周圍發(fā)生了很多生命——昆蟲、蠕蟲和其他小生物與它們互動(dòng)，”他說。洛克伍德對藝術(shù)的熱愛體現(xiàn)在他隨著時(shí)間的推移拍攝蘑菇的方法上。盡管他欣賞自己作品的科學(xué)方面，但他將自己視為內(nèi)心的藝術(shù)家。)”可推知，Taylor決定拍攝蘑菇的延時(shí)視頻是為了以藝術(shù)的方式捕捉動(dòng)態(tài)生活，故選B項(xiàng)。CEarlyinthemorning,aclassoffirstgradersexcitedlyenteredthegym.Waitingforthemonthefloorlayamassive,life-sized,inflatable(充氣的)whale,completewitheyes,flippers,andallthemarkingsofthereal-lifehumpbackwhale,namedNile.ThiscreatureisthebrainchildofCyndeB.Mclnnis,awhaleloverandeducator.“TherewasalwaysthisthinginmymindabouttakingwhalesbacktoIndianatoteachkids,”MclnnissaidinaninterviewAfteranothereducatorprovidedanintroductiontoNile,thegroupheadedtowardstheentranceofthewhaleandtookofftheirshoes.Onceinside,thekidssatinanorganizedlineastheeducatorpointedoutallthesignificantpartsofthewhale’sinterior.Asthelessonwenton.thekidsyelledoutanswerstoquestions,clearlythrilledtobesittinginsidethisbehemoth(巨獸).“Thelessonistoocoolforthestudents,”shesaid.“Whentheygointhewhale,youjustseethischildhoodexcitementontheirfaces.”Indeed,insidethewhaletherecertainlywasanobviousexcitement.Theeducatorkepteveryoneengagedwiththejaw-droppingfactsaboutwhales,suchashowtheycaneattwothousandpoundsperday.ToMclnnis,learningaboutwhalesisthemostcertainpathtotheireffectiveconservation.“It’sjustgettingkidstothinkthatwhalesarecool,becauseiftheydon’tlikethem.they’renotevergoingtobeinterestedinsavingthem,”Mclnnissaid.Hercentralmessageaboutconservationwastheimportanceoftheoceantoallhumans.“Wethinkthathalftheoxygenthatwebreathecomesfromtheocean.WhetheryouliveinKansasorthecoastofMassachusetts,you’rebreathing,”Mclnnissaid.“Ithinkthatwhalesaresuchanawe-inspiringthing,”Mclnnisadded.Toher,alongwithbeingbeautifulcreatures,whalesserveasabridgeintoenvironmentalismfromayoungage.8.WhatdoweknowaboutCyndeB.Mclnnis?A.Sheenjoysorganizingoutdoorclasses. B.Shelikestostudyanimalbehavior.C.Sheisfullofloveforwhales. D.Shepreferstospendtimewithchildren.9.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribestheteachingactivity?A.Demanding. B.Conventional. C.Profitable. D.Effective.10.WhatmightMclnnisagreewithaccordingtothelastparagraph?A.Whalesarethemostawe-inspiringcreatures.B.ProtectingtheoceancanhelpthewhalesC.Themajorityofoxygensupplyoriginatesfromtheocean.D.Akeeninteresthelpsdevelopagreenmind.11.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.RespecttheRightsofAnimals B.CultivateLoveforAnimalsinInterestsC.OceanConservationIsUrgent D.Whales’StoryNeedstoBeHeard【答案】8.C9.D10.D11.B【語篇解讀】本文是一篇新聞報(bào)道。文章主要報(bào)道了鯨魚愛好者和教育者CyndeB.Mclnnis利用充氣鯨魚模型向孩子們進(jìn)行鯨魚知識教育，旨在培養(yǎng)孩子們對鯨魚的喜愛，進(jìn)而激發(fā)他們保護(hù)海洋環(huán)境的意識?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“ThiscreatureisthebrainchildofCyndeB.Mclnnis,awhaleloverandeducator.(這個(gè)生物是鯨魚愛好者和教育者CyndeB.Mclnnis的創(chuàng)意)”可知，CyndeB.Mclnnis是一位鯨魚愛好者和教育者，她對鯨魚充滿熱愛。故選C項(xiàng)。【9題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中“‘Thelessonistoocoolforthestudents,’shesaid.‘Whentheygointhewhale,youjustseethischildhoodexcitementontheirfaces.’(‘這堂課對學(xué)生們來說太酷了，’她說，‘當(dāng)他們進(jìn)入鯨魚體內(nèi)時(shí)，你就能看到他們臉上洋溢出的童年興奮?！?”以及“Indeed,insidethewhaletherecertainlywasanobviousexcitement.(的確，在鯨魚體內(nèi)，孩子們明顯很興奮)”可推知，這次的教學(xué)動(dòng)活有效地激發(fā)了孩子們的興趣和參與度，非常成功，達(dá)到了預(yù)期目標(biāo)，即effective(產(chǎn)生預(yù)期結(jié)果的；有效的)。故選D項(xiàng)。【10題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“ToMclnnis,learningaboutwhalesisthemostcertainpathtotheireffectiveconservation.(對Mclnnis來說，了解鯨魚是有效保護(hù)它們的最確定途徑)”以及“‘It’sjustgettingkidstothinkthatwhalesarecool,becauseiftheydon’tlikethem,they’renotevergoingtobeinterestedinsavingthem,’Mclnnissaid.Toher,alongwithbeingbeautifulcreatures,whalesserveasabridgeintoenvironmentalismfromayoungage.(‘就是要讓孩子們覺得鯨魚很酷，因?yàn)槿绻麄儾幌矚g它們，他們就永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)對拯救它們感興趣，’Mclnnis說。對她來說，鯨魚除了是美麗的生物外，還從很小的時(shí)候起就成為了環(huán)保主義的橋梁)”可推知，Mclnnis認(rèn)為培養(yǎng)孩子們對鯨魚的喜愛是保護(hù)鯨魚的關(guān)鍵，即濃厚的興趣有助于培養(yǎng)環(huán)保意識。故選D項(xiàng)。【11題詳析】主旨大意題。通讀全文，結(jié)合第一段中“ThiscreatureisthebrainchildofCyndeB.Mclnnis,awhaleloverandeducator.(這個(gè)生物是鯨魚愛好者和教育者CyndeB.Mclnnis的創(chuàng)意)”以及最后一段中“ToMclnnis,learningaboutwhalesisthemostcertainpathtotheireffectiveconservation.(對Mclnnis來說，了解鯨魚是有效保護(hù)它們的最確定途徑)”可知，文章主要圍繞CyndeB.Mclnnis通過讓孩子們近距離接觸了解鯨魚，想培養(yǎng)孩子們對鯨魚的喜愛，進(jìn)而讓孩子們產(chǎn)生保護(hù)鯨魚、保護(hù)環(huán)境的意識展開，強(qiáng)調(diào)了通過興趣來培養(yǎng)對動(dòng)物的喜愛以及環(huán)保意識這一內(nèi)容。B項(xiàng)“在興趣中培養(yǎng)對動(dòng)物的愛”(CultivateLoveforAnimalsinInterests)能夠概括文章主旨，適合作為文章標(biāo)題。故選B項(xiàng)。DAtool,calledNightshade,letsartistsaddinvisiblechangestotheirartbeforetheyuploaditonlinetofightbackagainstAIcompaniesthatusetheirworktotrainAImodelswithoutthecreator’spermission.Usingitto“poison”thistrainingdatacoulddamagefutureimage-generatingAImodelsbymakingsomeoftheiroutputsuseless-dogsbecomecats,carsbecomecows,andsoforth.GenerativeAImodelsareexcellentatmakingconnectionsbetweenwords,whichhelpsthepoisonspread.Nightshadeinfectsnotonlytheword“dog”butallsimilarconcepts,suchas“puppy,”“husky,”and“wolf.”Thepoisonattackalsoworksonindirectlyrelatedimages.Forexample,ifthemodelscraped(抓取)apoisonedimagefortheprompt(提示)“fantasyart,”theprompts“dragon”and“acastleinTheLordoftheRings”wouldsimilarlybetransformedintosomethingelse.SomeAIcompaniesarefacinganumberoflawsuits(訴訟)fromartistswhoclaimthattheircopyrightedmaterialandpersonalinformationwasscrapedwithoutapprovalorcompensation.BenZhao,aprofessorattheUniversityofChicago,wholedtheteamthatcreatedNightshade,saysthehopeisthatitwillhelptipthepowerbalancebackfromAIcompaniestowardsartists,byshowingrespectforartists’copyrightandintellectualproperty.Zhaoadmitsthereisariskthatpeoplemightabusethedatapoisoningtechniqueforeviluses.However,hesaysattackerswouldneedthousandsofpoisonedsamplestocauserealdamagetolarger,morepowerfulmodels,astheyaretrainedonbillions.AIcompanieshaveofferedtoletartistsoptoutofhavingtheirimagesusedtotrainfutureversionsofthemodels.Butartistssaythisisnotenough:EvaToorenent,anillustratorandartist,says:opt-outpoliciesrequireartiststojumpthroughhoopsandstillleavetechcompanieswithallthepower.HehopesNightshadewillchangethecurrentsituationandAIcompanieswillthinktwicebeforetheyact.12.WhatdoweknowaboutNightshadefromthefirstparagraph?A.Ithelpsartiststodefendlawfulrights. B.Itwarnsnetizensoftheonlinedanger.C.Itremindsartistsofstolenworks. D.ItpoisonsAIcompanies’output.13.WhatisParagraph2mainlyabout?A.Thewaythe“poison”spreads. B.Thetargetsthepoisonattacks.C.Thetypesoftransformedimages. D.TheadvantageofAImodels.14.HowdoesEvaToorenentlookattheopt-outpolicy?A.Thankful. B.Fearful. C.Dissatisfied. D.Positive.15.Whichofthefollowingwouldbeasuitabletitleofthistext?A.Nightshade:UselessOutputCreator. B.Nightshade:DataPoisonTechnology.C.Nightshade:Artists’RightsProtector. D.Nightshade:Image-generatingModel.【答案】12.A13.A14.C15.C【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了Nightshade工具如何幫助藝術(shù)家通過“毒化”數(shù)據(jù)來保護(hù)自己的作品不被AI公司未經(jīng)授權(quán)使用?！?2題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Atool,calledNightshade,letsartistsaddinvisiblechangestotheirartbeforetheyuploaditonlinetofightbackagainstAIcompaniesthatusetheirworktotrainAImodelswithoutthecreator’spermission.(一個(gè)名為Nightshade的工具允許藝術(shù)家在將作品上傳到網(wǎng)絡(luò)之前，對其添加隱形的改動(dòng)，以此來回?fù)裟切┪唇?jīng)創(chuàng)作者許可就使用其作品來訓(xùn)練AI模型的AI公司)”可知，Nightshade幫助藝術(shù)家捍衛(wèi)合法權(quán)利。故選A?！?3題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第二段“GenerativeAImodelsareexcellentatmakingconnectionsbetweenwords,whichhelpsthepoisonspread.Nightshadeinfectsnotonlytheword“dog”butallsimilarconcepts,suchas“puppy,”“husky,”and“wolf.”Thepoisonattackalsoworksonindirectlyrelatedimages.Forexample,ifthemodelscraped(抓取)apoisonedimagefortheprompt(提示)“fantasyart,”theprompts“dragon”and“acastlein

TheLordoftheRings”wouldsimilarlybetransformedintosomethingelse.(生成式AI模型擅長在單詞之間建立聯(lián)系，這有助于“毒”的傳播。Nightshade不僅影響“狗”這個(gè)詞，還影響所有相似的概念，如“小狗”、“哈士奇”和“狼”。這種“毒藥”攻擊也對間接相關(guān)的圖像起作用。例如，如果模型抓取了一個(gè)被“毒害”的圖像作為“幻想藝術(shù)”的提示，那么“龍”和“《指環(huán)王》中的城堡”等提示也會(huì)同樣被轉(zhuǎn)換成其他東西。)”可知，第二段主要講“毒”傳播的方式。故選A?！?4題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“EvaToorenent,anillustratorandartist,says:opt-outpoliciesrequireartiststojumpthroughhoopsandstillleavetechcompanieswithallthepower.(插畫師和藝術(shù)家EvaToorenent說，退出政策要求藝術(shù)家們經(jīng)過繁瑣的程序，并且仍然讓科技公司掌握所有的權(quán)力)”可知，EvaToorenent對這個(gè)政策并不滿意。故選C?！?5題詳析】主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其是由文章第一段中“Atool,calledNightshade,letsartistsaddinvisiblechangestotheirartbeforetheyuploaditonlinetofightbackagainstAIcompaniesthatusetheirworktotrainAImodelswithoutthecreator’spermission.(一個(gè)名為Nightshade的工具允許藝術(shù)家在將作品上傳到網(wǎng)絡(luò)之前，對其添加隱形的改動(dòng)，以此來回?fù)裟切┪唇?jīng)創(chuàng)作者許可就使用其作品來訓(xùn)練AI模型的AI公司)”可知，文章主要介紹了Nightshade工具如何幫助藝術(shù)家通過“毒化”數(shù)據(jù)來保護(hù)自己的作品不被AI公司未經(jīng)授權(quán)使用。選項(xiàng)C“Nightshade:Artists’RightsProtector(Nightshade：藝術(shù)家的權(quán)利保護(hù)者)”符合題意。故選C。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Withtravelontherise,morefamiliesareplanningtotaketheirhomelifeontheroad,whetherit’sforaweekendoralongertrip.Travelingwithkidscanbestressful—withallthosesuitcasesandcriesof“Arewethereyet?”____16____Involvingyoungchildreninplanningatripmightsoundsilly,butit’sfarmorevaluablethanitseems:“Youshouldn’texpecta4-year-oldtospendeighthoursinmuseums,”saysWaldon,afamilytravelexpert.“It’sreallysmartforparentstothinkliketheirkidandrealize,‘____17____’”Thatattitudehelpsparentsavoidterriblesituationsthatmayruintheday.____18____Ifalittleoneisintodinosaurs,perhapsyou’llwanttocheckoutacity’sNaturalHistoryMuseum.Iftheyloveanimals,maybethere’sawaytoincludeavisittoafarmoranaquarium(水族館).OneofWaldon’sfavouritewaystogetyoungerkidsexcitedaboutatripisreading.“Booksareperfectforlittlearmchairtravellers,”shesays.“____19____”BeforearecenttriptoPuertoRico,Waldonreadherkidsabookaboutafrognativetotheisland.Afterwards,herdaughtersgotreallyexcitedtohearthislittlefrogsingingatnight.PeopleoftenthinkthetripisgoingtobeoneInstagramworthymomentafteranother,butthatneverhappens.____20____Whenkidsareinvolved,theycanbecomeinvestedingettingthroughthoseproblems.Theyalsolearntoworkthingsouttogetherasafamily.A.Mostchildrenreallyenjoychallenges.B.Actually,nofamilytripgoeswithoutproblems.C.However,itcanalsobeahighlyrewardingactivity.D.Thatway,we’regettingmoreofthatlocalexperience.E.Thisisa30-minutemaxtypeopportunityformychild.F.Theygetthekidscuriousaboutthetripbeforeleavinghome.G.Parentscanalsoplayintotheirkids’interestswhenplanningatrip.【答案】16.C17.E18.G19.F20.B【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了關(guān)于家庭旅行的一些建議，特別是如何讓孩子更好地參與和享受旅行?！?6題詳析】上文“Travelingwithkidscanbestressful—withallthosesuitcasesandcriesof“Arewethereyet?”(帶著孩子旅行可能會(huì)很有壓力——帶著所有的行李箱和“我們到了嗎？”)”說明帶著孩子旅行可能會(huì)有壓力，下文“Involvingyoungchildreninplanningatripmightsoundsilly,butit’sfarmorevaluablethanitseems.(讓年幼的孩子參與計(jì)劃旅行可能聽起來很傻，但它比看起來要有價(jià)值得多。)”說明帶孩子旅行是有價(jià)值的，因此空格處應(yīng)該出現(xiàn)帶轉(zhuǎn)折的詞，C選項(xiàng)“However,itcanalsobeahighlyrewardingactivity.(然而，它也可以是一個(gè)非常有益的活動(dòng)。)”中的However表轉(zhuǎn)折，說明帶孩子去旅行是值得的，承上啟下，符合語境。故選C?！?7題詳析】下文“Thatattitudehelpsparentsavoidterriblesituationsthatmayruintheday.(這種態(tài)度可以幫助父母避免可能會(huì)毀了一天的糟糕情況。)”說明了空前所說的一種態(tài)度可以幫助父母避免毀掉一天，空格處應(yīng)該是父母的一種態(tài)度，E選項(xiàng)“Thisisa30-minutemaxtypeopportunityformychild.(這是一個(gè)最多30分鐘時(shí)長的適合我孩子的機(jī)會(huì))”是父母的一種態(tài)度，因此承接上文，符合語境。故選E?！?8題詳析】空格處是本段的主旨句，由下文“Ifalittleoneisintodinosaurs,perhapsyou’llwanttocheckoutacity’sNaturalHistoryMuseum.Iftheyloveanimals,maybethere’sawaytoincludeavisittoafarmoranaquarium(水族館).(如果孩子喜歡恐龍，也許你會(huì)想去城市的自然歷史博物館看看。如果他們喜歡動(dòng)物，也許有一個(gè)方法包括參觀農(nóng)場或水族館)”可知，本段主要講的是在計(jì)劃帶孩子去旅行時(shí)，應(yīng)該要考慮孩子的喜好，G選項(xiàng)“Parentscanalsoplayintotheirkids’interestswhenplanningatrip.(在計(jì)劃旅行時(shí)，父母也可以考慮孩子的興趣)”說明了父母在計(jì)劃旅行時(shí)應(yīng)該考慮孩子的興趣，概括了本段主要內(nèi)容，可作為主旨句。故選G?！?9題詳析】上文“OneofWaldon’sfavouritewaystogetyoungerkidsexcitedaboutatripisreading.“Booksareperfectforlittlearmchairtravellers,”shesays.(Waldon最喜歡的讓孩子們對旅行感到興奮的方法之一就是閱讀。她說：“書籍是小旅行者的完美選擇。”)”說明了書籍會(huì)讓孩子感到興奮，下文“BeforearecenttriptoPuertoRico,Waldonreadherkidsabookaboutafrognativetotheisland.Afterwards,herdaughtersgotreallyexcitedtohearthislittlefrogsingingatnight.(在最近一次去波多黎各旅行之前，Waldon給她的孩子們讀了一本關(guān)于島上本地青蛙的書。后來，她的女兒們聽到這只小青蛙在晚上唱歌真的很興奮)”說明Waldon通過書讓孩子對旅行感到興奮，空格處也應(yīng)該和讓孩子興奮有關(guān)，F(xiàn)選項(xiàng)“Theygetthekidscuriousaboutthetripbeforeleavinghome.(它們在離開家之前讓孩子們對這次旅行感到好奇)”說明了閱讀書籍在離開家去旅行前讓孩子們對旅行感到好奇，因此F選項(xiàng)承上啟下，符合語境。故選F。【20題詳析】上文“PeopleoftenthinkthetripisgoingtobeoneInstagramworthymomentafteranother,butthatneverhappens.(人們通常認(rèn)為這次旅行會(huì)成為一個(gè)又一個(gè)值得分享的時(shí)刻，但這從來沒有發(fā)生過)”說明旅行成為一個(gè)又一個(gè)值得分享的時(shí)刻這種事情從來沒有發(fā)生過，下文“Whenkidsareinvolved,theycanbecomeinvestedingettingthroughthoseproblems.(當(dāng)孩子們參與進(jìn)來時(shí)，他們可以投入到解決這些問題中去)”說明旅行中會(huì)遇到一些問題，由此可知旅行可能會(huì)不順利，B選項(xiàng)“Actually,nofamilytripgoeswithoutproblems.(事實(shí)上，沒有家庭旅行是一帆風(fēng)順的)”說明事實(shí)上旅行可能會(huì)不順利，承上啟下，符合語境。故選B。第三部分語言運(yùn)用（共三節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié)完形填空（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Thisyear,hundredsofpeoplearoundtheworldareapplyingforadesiredjobtorunPortLockroy,theworld’smostremotepostoffice.The____21____isinAntarctica,andoneofthekey____22____istheabilitytocountpenguins(企鵝).Eachyear,theUKAntarcticTrust____23____fourpostmentoliveontheislandfromNovembertoMarch.Apartfrombeinganearly80-year-oldBritish-ownedpostoffice,it____24____asamuseum.Althoughemployeeseachhaveunique____25____,theyarecooperativelyresponsibleforpreservingthe____26____placeandcaringforthethousandsoftourists.Thestaffisalso____27____environmentaldatacollectionandwildlifemonitoring.Applicantsarewarnedthere’snotmuchtimeforrelaxationandrest.Still,thejobishighly____28____.TheUKAntarcticHeritageTrustgetshundredsofapplications____29____fortheposition.Theyaremainly_____30_____toPortLockroy,bothforitshistoryanditsscientificsignificance.LucyDormansucceededinapplyingforthe2019-2020season.Itwasareal_____31_____forher.“Eventhoughthejobcanbehardattimes,there’sarealsenseofcommunity.You’vegotto_____32_____,becauseyoucan’tgetawayfromeachotherveryeasily.Ireallylovethatsortof_____33_____”shesaid.“Andwhatyoucanachievehereis_____34_____.Thetotalexperienceoffersbothadifferent_____35_____towardstheworldandanewviewpointonyourfunctionontheplanet.”21.A.centre B.position C.aim D.unit22.A.requirements B.characteristics C.virtues D.activities23.A.persuades B.instructs C.encourages D.hires24.A.exists B.transforms C.doubles D.develops25.A.tastes B.talents C.roles D.backgrounds26.A.temporary B.historic C.grand D.magical27.A.infavorof B.inneedof C.inpossessionof D.inchargeof28.A.paid B.sought-after C.hard-won D.respectable29.A.annually B.weekly C.monthly D.daily30.A.invited B.devoted C.related D.drawn31.A.joy B.lesson C.effort D.shock32.A.getalong B.showoff C.breakthrough D.givein33.A.loneliness B.eagerness C.looseness D.togetherness34.A.consistent B.rewarding C.potential D.pure35.A.entrance B.answer C.attitude D.introduction【答案】21.B22.A23.D24.C25.C26.B27.D28.B29.A30.D31.A32.A33.D34.B35.C【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要講述了位于南極洲的洛克雷港郵局的招聘吸引了很多人，在那里員工不僅要收集環(huán)境數(shù)據(jù)和監(jiān)測野生動(dòng)物，還要負(fù)責(zé)數(shù)金鵝。【21題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：該職位在南極洲，其中一個(gè)關(guān)鍵要求是能夠數(shù)企鵝。A.centre中心；B.position職位；C.aim目標(biāo)；D.unit單位。根據(jù)前文“Thisyear,hundredsofpeoplearoundtheworldareapplyingforadesiredjobtorunPortLockroy,theworld’smostremotepostoffice.”可知，今年，世界各地有數(shù)百人正在申請一份理想的工作，以經(jīng)營世界上最偏遠(yuǎn)的郵局洛克羅伊港。此處表示該職位在南極洲。故選B項(xiàng)?！?2題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：該職位在南極洲，其中一個(gè)關(guān)鍵要求是能夠數(shù)企鵝。A.requirements要求；B.characteristics特征；C.virtues美德；D.activities活動(dòng)。根據(jù)前文“adesiredjob”及后文“istheabilitytocountpenguins”可知，此處表示該工作的一個(gè)關(guān)鍵的要求是能夠數(shù)企鵝。故選A項(xiàng)。【23題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：每年，英國南極遺產(chǎn)信托基金都會(huì)雇用四名郵遞員從11月到3月住在島上。A.persuades說服；B.instructs指示；C.encourages鼓勵(lì)；D.hires雇用。根據(jù)前文“applyingforadesiredjob”和下文“employees”可知，此處表示聘用四名郵遞員。故選D項(xiàng)?！?4題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：除了是一家擁有近80年歷史的英國郵局外，它還兼作博物館。A.exists存在；B.transforms轉(zhuǎn)移；C.doubles兼任；D.develops發(fā)展。根據(jù)前文“postoffice”及后文“asamuseum”可知，此處表示該郵局兼作博物館。doubleas表示“兼作”。故選C項(xiàng)。【25題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：雖然每個(gè)員工都有獨(dú)特的角色，但他們合作負(fù)責(zé)保護(hù)歷史名勝和照顧成千上萬的游客。A.tastes品味；B.talents人才；C.roles職能，角色；D.backgrounds背景。根據(jù)后文“theyarecooperativelyresponsibleforpreservingthe________placeandcaringforthethousandsoftourists.”可知，此處表示員工各司其職。故選C項(xiàng)。【26題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：雖然每個(gè)員工都有獨(dú)特的角色，但他們合作負(fù)責(zé)保護(hù)歷史名勝和照顧成千上萬的游客。A.temporary暫時(shí)的；B.historic歷史的；C.grand大的；D.magical魔法的。根據(jù)前文“anearly80-year-oldBritish-owned”和前文“preserving”可知，空處表示有歷史意義的地方。故選B項(xiàng)。【27題詳析】考查介詞短語辨析。句意：工作人員還負(fù)責(zé)環(huán)境數(shù)據(jù)收集和野生動(dòng)物監(jiān)測。A.infavorof贊成；B.inneedof需要；C.inpossessionof占有；D.inchargeof負(fù)責(zé)。根據(jù)前文的“also”及后文“environmentaldatacollectionandwildlifemonitoring”可知，工作人員還需要負(fù)責(zé)環(huán)境數(shù)據(jù)收集和野生動(dòng)物監(jiān)測。故選D項(xiàng)?！?8題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：盡管如此，它仍然還是很搶手。A.paid有報(bào)酬的；B.sought-after搶手的；C.hard-won來之不易的；D.respectable值得尊敬的。根據(jù)后文“Still,thejobishighly”及“getshundredsofapplications”可知，這份工作很搶手。故選B項(xiàng)?！?9題詳析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：英國南極遺產(chǎn)信托基金每年收到數(shù)百份該職位的申請。A.annually每年；B.weekly每周；C.monthly每月；D.daily每天。根據(jù)前文中的“Thisyear,hundredsofpeople-desiredjob”和后文中的“the2019-2020season”可知，英國南極遺產(chǎn)信托基金每年都會(huì)收到大量申請?jiān)撀毼坏男?。故選A項(xiàng)?！?0題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：他們主要被洛克羅伊港吸引，因?yàn)樗臍v史和科學(xué)意義。A.invited邀請；B.devoted投入；C.related相關(guān)；D.drawn吸引。根據(jù)后文“bothforitshistoryanditsscientificsignificance”可知，求職者們是被它的歷史和科學(xué)意義吸引。故選D項(xiàng)。【31題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這對她來說是一種真正的快樂。A.joy快樂；B.lesson教訓(xùn)；C.effort努力；D.shock震驚。根據(jù)前文“LucyDormansucceededinapplying”及后文“Ireallylove”可知，獲得這個(gè)職位很讓她快樂。故選A項(xiàng)?！?2題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：你得與人和睦相處，因?yàn)槟銈儾荒茌p易地離開對方。A.getalong相處；B.showoff炫耀；C.breakthrough突破；D.givein屈服。根據(jù)前文“arealsenseofcommunity”和后文“youcan’tgetawayfromeachotherveryeasily.”可知，此處表示你得與人和睦相處。故選A項(xiàng)?！?3題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：“我真的很喜歡那種團(tuán)結(jié)”，她說。A.loneliness孤獨(dú)；B.eagerness渴望；C.looseness松弛；D.togetherness和睦相處。據(jù)前文“arealsenseofcommunity”和后文中的“youcan’tgetawayfromeachotherveryeasily.”可知，此處表示LucyDorman喜歡那種和睦相處的氛圍。故選D項(xiàng)。【34題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：你在這里能取得的成就是有益的。A.consistent持續(xù)的；B.rewarding有益的；C.potential有潛力的；D.

pure純粹的。根據(jù)前文“whatyoucanachievehere”和后文“offersbothadifferent________towardstheworldandanewviewpointonyourfunctionontheplanet”可知，在這里獲得的東西很有益。故選B項(xiàng)?！?5題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：整體體驗(yàn)既提供了對世界的不同看法，也提供了對你在地球上的功能的新觀點(diǎn)。A.entrance入口；B.answer回答；C.attitude看法；D.introduction介紹。根據(jù)前文“offersbothadiff