初中英語：動詞不定式用法歸納一、不定式的時態(tài)不定式有三種時態(tài)，用來表示動作發(fā)生的時間與謂語動詞的關(guān)系：1.一般式（SimpleInfinitive）：結(jié)構(gòu)：to+動詞原形（如todo,towrite）用法：表示動作與謂語動詞同時發(fā)生或在之后發(fā)生。例句：ShewantstogotoParis.（“想去”和“去”幾乎同時）Hehopestopasstheexam.（“通過”發(fā)生在“希望”之后）2.進行式（ContinuousInfinitive）：結(jié)構(gòu)：tobe+現(xiàn)在分詞（如tobedoing）用法：強調(diào)動作在謂語動詞發(fā)生時正在進行。例句：Sheseemstobecrying.（“哭”正在進行）Hepretendedtobesleeping.（“假裝”時正在“睡覺”）3.完成式（PerfectInfinitive）：結(jié)構(gòu)：tohave+過去分詞（如tohavedone）用法：表示動作在謂語動詞之前已經(jīng)完成。例句：I’mgladtohavemetyou.（“遇見”發(fā)生在“高興”之前）Heseemstohaveleft.（“離開”發(fā)生在“似乎”之前）二、不定式的語態(tài)不定式有主動語態(tài)和被動語態(tài)，取決于主語與動作的關(guān)系：1.主動語態(tài)（ActiveInfinitive）：結(jié)構(gòu)：to+動詞原形（如towrite）用法：主語是動作的執(zhí)行者。例句：Hewantstowriteabook.（“他”是“寫”的執(zhí)行者）2.被動語態(tài)（PassiveInfinitive）：結(jié)構(gòu)：tobe+過去分詞（如tobewritten）用法：主語是動作的承受者。例句：Thebookneedstobewrittencarefully.（“書”是被“寫”的對象）三、不同時態(tài)+語態(tài)的組合時態(tài)主動語態(tài)被動語態(tài)一般式todotobedone進行式tobedoing完成式tohavedonetohavebeendone例句：一般被動：Theletteristobesenttomorrow.（信將被寄出）完成被動：Thereportseemstohavebeenfinished.（報告似乎已被完成）Doingfinishdoingsth.做完某事bebusydoingsth.忙于做某事begoodatdoingsth.擅長做某事dowellindoingsth.擅長做某事minddoingsth.介意做某事howaboutdoingsth.做某事怎么樣whataboutdoingsth.practicedoingsth.練習做某事findsb.doingsth.發(fā)現(xiàn)某人在做某事spend(in)doingsth.做某事花費多少錢（時間）havefun(in)doingsth.做某事很高興beinterestedindoingsth做某事感興趣enjoydoingsth.喜歡做某事thanksfordoingsth.感謝某人做某事(can`t)standdoingsth.（不能）忍受做某事havedifficulty/troubledoingsth做某事有困難/麻煩beagainstdoing反對做某事considerdoing=thinkaboutdoingsth.考慮做某事beworthdoingsth.值得做某事preferdoingtodoing比起做某事更喜歡做某事keepsb.doingsth使某人一直做某事（keepsthadj）feellikedoing想做某事be/getusedtodoingsth習慣于做某事haveahard/difficulttimedoingsth.做某事吃力makealiving(by)doingsth.依靠做……謀生lookforwardtodoingsth.期盼做某事Stopsb(from)doing阻止某人做某事endupdoingsth以做而結(jié)束(endupwithsth)Can`thelpdoingsth.禁不住做某事haveexperiencedoing做某事有經(jīng)驗appreciatedoingsth.感激做某事missdoingsth.錯過做某事Dowouldyoupleasedosth.你做…好嗎letsb.dosth.讓某人做某事makesb.dosth.讓某人做某事havesb.dosth.讓某人做某事hadbetterdosth.最好做某事hadbetternotdosth.最好別做某事whynotdosth.=whydon`tyoudosth.為什么不做某事wouldratherdo…thando…寧愿做……不愿做……Todowant(sb.)todosth.想讓（某人）做某事wouldliketodosth.想讓做某事tryone’sbesttodosth.盡某人做大努力做某事Expectsb.Todosth,期望某人做某事can`twaittodosth.迫不及待的做某事plantodosth.計劃做某事asksb.todosth.讓某人做某事asksb.nottodosth.tellsb.todosth.告訴某人做某事tellsb.nottodosth.invitesb.todosth.邀請某人做某事besuretodosth.確信做某事It’stime(forsb.)todosth.到了（某人）做某事的時間了besupposedtodosth.應該做某事encouragesb.todosth.鼓勵某人做某事decidetodosth.決定做某事makeone`smindtodosth.feartodosth.害怕做某事begoingtodosth.打算做某事It’sadj.(forsb.)todosth.做某事對（某人）怎么樣It’sadj.(ofsb.)todosth.某人做某事怎么樣besurprisedtodosth.做某事感到驚訝usedtodosth.過去常常做某事beabletodosth.會做某事wishsb.todosth.希望某人做某事hopetodosth.希望做某事pretendtodosth.假裝做某事haveanopportunitytodosth.有做某事的機會leadtodosth.引導做某事makeadecisiontodosth.決定做某事inordertodosth.為了做某事gooutofone`swaytodosth.特地（不怕麻煩地）做某事bewillingtodosth.心甘情愿做某事It’sone’sturntodosth.輪到某人做某事warnsb.todosth.提醒某人做某事warnsb.nottodosth.too…todo太…..而不能….Ittakessbsometimetodosth.花費某人多少時間做某事learntodo學做某事begin/starttodosth.開始做某事allowsb.todosth.允許某人做某事(old)enoughtodosth.足夠...做某事Doing/Do/Todo都有helpsb.do/todosth.幫助某人做某事lovetodo/doingsth.喜歡做某事liketodo/doingsth.喜歡做某事hatetodo/doingsth.討厭做某事seesb.do/doingsth.看見某人做了某事/在做某事notice/watchsb.do/doingsth.看見某人做了某事/在做某事hearsb.do/doingsth.聽見某人做了某事/在做某事start/begintodo/doing