物理詞匯分類物理的量、公式和單位Area=length*width(m2)Volume=length*width*height(m3)Density=mass/volume(kgm-3)Speed=distance/time(ms-1)Acceleration=changeofvelocity/time(ms-2)Force=mass*acceleration(kgms-2)Work=force*displacement(J=kgm2s-2)Power=workdone/timetaken(W=kgm2s-3)Pressure=force/area(Pa=kgm-1s)物理的量求值的范圍Givenafunction,statethedomainandrangeof區(qū)別,區(qū)分;鑒別Differentiate動(dòng)能kineticenergy相等equivalent順時(shí)針clockwise無(wú)相量scalarquantity樞,樞軸;支樞pivot導(dǎo)數(shù)derivative逆時(shí)針anti-clockwise上升;登高ascen使守恒Conserved吸收譜線absorptionline劑agent平行光線parallelrays粒子particle周期：period質(zhì)子：proton中子：neutron電子：electron標(biāo)量：scalar矢量：vector阿弗加德羅常數(shù)：Avogadroconstant布朗運(yùn)動(dòng)：Brawnmotion普朗克常量：Planckconstant波類二象性：wave-particleduality原子：atom定律：principle運(yùn)動(dòng)學(xué)直線運(yùn)動(dòng)：rectilinearmotion位移：displacement速度：velocity速率：speed瞬時(shí)速度：instantaneousvelocity勻速度：uniformvelocity平均速度：averagevelocity加速度：acceleration自由落體：freelyfallingbody重力加速度：accelerationduetogravity初速度：initialvelocity平均速率：averagespeed運(yùn)動(dòng)學(xué)：kinematics加速度：acceleration曲線運(yùn)動(dòng)：curvilinearmotion圓周運(yùn)動(dòng)：circularmotion移位：displacement速度恒定：steadyspeed力學(xué)向心力：centripetalforce向心加速度：centripetalacceleration萬(wàn)有引力：universalgravitation萬(wàn)有引力定律：lawofuniversalgravitation引力常量：gravitationalconstant第一/二/宇宙速度：first/secondcosmicvelocity機(jī)械運(yùn)動(dòng)：mechanicalmotion參考系：referenceframe質(zhì)點(diǎn)：masspoint/particle動(dòng)力學(xué)：dynamics作用力：action反作用力：reaction慣性：inertia牛頓第一/二/定律：Newtonfirst/second/low超重：overweight失重：weightlessness慣性力：inertialforce平衡狀態(tài)：equilibriumstate力矩：moment力的合成：compositionofforces力的分解：resolutionofforces力:force牛頓：Newton重力：gravity彈力：elasticforce重心：centerofgravity/masscenter摩擦力：frictionforce滑動(dòng)摩擦:slidingfriction靜摩擦：staticfriction動(dòng)摩擦因數(shù)：dynamicfrictionfactor靜摩擦因數(shù)：staticfrictionfactor勻加速度uniformacceleration矢量，向量vectordecelerate減速水平作用力horizontalforces恒力：constantforce重力gravity功功：work焦耳：joule功率：power瓦特：watt能：energy功能：kineticenergy功能定律：theoremofkinetic勢(shì)能：potentialenergy重力勢(shì)能：gravitationalpotentialenergy彈性勢(shì)能：elasticpotentialenergy機(jī)械能：mechanicalenergy機(jī)械能量守恒定律：lawofconservationofmechanicalenergy效率：efficiency可忽略的negligible不計(jì)摩擦力negligiblefriction碰撞collisionmomentumenergy波周期：period赫茲：hertz單擺：simplependulum受迫振動(dòng)：forcedvibration共振：resonance機(jī)械波：mechanicalwave介質(zhì)：medium橫波：transversewave縱波：longitudinalwave波長(zhǎng)：wavelength超聲波：supersonicwave波峰thecrestofawave概率波：probabilitywave物質(zhì)波：matterwave振幅amplitude頻率：frequency凹透鏡concavelens凸透鏡convexlens光線:lightray平行線：parallellight波的衍射：diffractionofwave波的干涉：interferenceofwaves紅外線：infraredray紫外線：ultravioletrayX射線：X-ray光電效應(yīng)：photoelectriceffect光子：photon光的反射折射折射率：refractionindex全反射：totalreflection臨界角：criticalangle光導(dǎo)纖維：opticalfibre棱鏡：prism色散：dispersion光譜：spectrum實(shí)像：realimage虛像：virtualimage折射：refraction入射角：incidentangle反射角：reflectionangle折射角：refractionangle出射角emergenceangle電流額定值：fuderating螺線管：solenoid變壓器：transformer分子：molecular流體：fluid絕緣體：insulator電壓計(jì)：voltmeter電流計(jì)：ammeter回路：circuit電阻器：resistor電源：source開(kāi)關(guān)：switch串聯(lián)：series并聯(lián)：parallel保險(xiǎn)絲：fuse伏特：Volt電容：capacitance電容器：capacitor法拉：farad電流：electriccurrent安培：ampere電阻：resistance電阻率：resistivity串聯(lián)電路：seriescircuitvoltmeter伏特計(jì)d.c.motor直流電動(dòng)機(jī)armature轉(zhuǎn)子;電樞Relay繼電器alternatingvoltage交變電壓，交流電壓

ohms歐姆current電流d.c.generator直流發(fā)電機(jī)diatomicmolecule雙原子分子directcurrent直流電dragforce阻力battery電池electriccharge電荷infra-redray紅外線insulator絕緣體ohmmeter奧姆計(jì)trolley有軌電車a.c.generator交流發(fā)電機(jī)安培定律：Ampererule安培力：Ampereforce電荷：electriccharge電荷量:quantityofelectricity正電荷：positivecharge負(fù)電荷：negativecharge庫(kù)侖定律：Coulomblaw電磁磁性：magnetism磁場(chǎng)：magneticfield感應(yīng)線：magneticinductionline左手定則：left-handrule洛倫茲力：Lorentzforce磁通量：magneticflux電磁感應(yīng)：electromagneticinduction感應(yīng)電流：inductioncurrent感應(yīng)電動(dòng)勢(shì)：inductionelectromotiveforce電磁感應(yīng)定律：lawofelectromagneticinduction右手定則：right-handrule電能：electricenergy電磁場(chǎng)/波：electromagneticfield/wave電場(chǎng)：electricfield電場(chǎng)強(qiáng)度：electricfieldstrength電場(chǎng)線：electricfieldline電勢(shì)：electricpotential電勢(shì)差：electricpotentialdifference半導(dǎo)體：semiconductor超導(dǎo)體：superconductor磁感應(yīng)強(qiáng)度：magneticinduction雷達(dá)：radar電磁波譜：electromagneticspectrum電動(dòng)勢(shì)：electromotiveforce(e.m.f)靜電感應(yīng)：elementarycharge感應(yīng)電荷：inducedcharge元電荷：elementarycharge電荷守恒定律：lawofconservationofcharge物態(tài)變化溫度計(jì)：thermometer熔化/溶化：melting凝固：solidification沸騰：boiling熔點(diǎn)/溶點(diǎn)：meltingpoint沸點(diǎn)：boilingpoint蒸發(fā)：evaperation冷卻：cooling溫度計(jì)thermometer凝固點(diǎn)freezingpoint液化liquefaction汽化vaporization升華sublimation凝華condensation熔化：固態(tài)→液態(tài)（吸熱）凝固：液態(tài)→固態(tài)（放熱）汽化：液態(tài)→氣態(tài)（吸熱）液化：氣態(tài)→液態(tài)（放熱）升華：