C++基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)的試題及答案姓名：____________________

一、單項(xiàng)選擇題（每題2分，共10題）

1.下列關(guān)于C++的描述，正確的是：

A.C++是一種面向?qū)ο蟮木幊陶Z(yǔ)言

B.C++只支持面向過(guò)程編程

C.C++不支持函數(shù)重載

D.C++不支持動(dòng)態(tài)內(nèi)存分配

2.在C++中，以下哪個(gè)關(guān)鍵字表示類(lèi)的私有成員？

A.public

B.protected

C.private

D.friend

3.以下哪個(gè)函數(shù)用于計(jì)算兩個(gè)整數(shù)的最大公約數(shù)？

A.gcd(inta,intb)

B.max(inta,intb)

C.min(inta,intb)

D.abs(inta)

4.以下哪個(gè)關(guān)鍵字用于定義一個(gè)整型變量？

A.int

B.float

C.double

D.char

5.在C++中，以下哪個(gè)運(yùn)算符用于比較兩個(gè)整數(shù)是否相等？

A.==

B.=

C.=>

D.<=

6.以下哪個(gè)函數(shù)用于獲取當(dāng)前時(shí)間？

A.time()

B.mktime()

C.strftime()

D.time_t()

7.在C++中，以下哪個(gè)關(guān)鍵字用于定義一個(gè)常量？

A.const

B.final

C.static

D.extern

8.以下哪個(gè)關(guān)鍵字用于聲明一個(gè)函數(shù)的返回類(lèi)型為void？

A.void

B.int

C.double

D.char

9.在C++中，以下哪個(gè)關(guān)鍵字用于聲明一個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)體？

A.struct

B.union

C.enum

D.class

10.以下哪個(gè)函數(shù)用于將字符串轉(zhuǎn)換為整數(shù)？

A.atoi()

B.atof()

C.tolower()

D.toupper()

二、填空題（每題2分，共5題）

1.C++中，定義一個(gè)整型變量的語(yǔ)法是：____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________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二、多項(xiàng)選擇題（每題3分，共10題）

1.C++中，以下哪些是合法的數(shù)據(jù)類(lèi)型？

A.int

B.char

C.float

D.double

E.void

F.struct

2.下列哪些是C++中的控制流語(yǔ)句？

A.if

B.switch

C.for

D.while

E.do-while

F.continue

G.break

3.在C++中，以下哪些關(guān)鍵字用于定義類(lèi)的成員？

A.public

B.protected

C.private

D.static

E.virtual

F.const

4.以下哪些是C++中的運(yùn)算符？

A.+(加法)

B.-(減法)

C.*(乘法)

D./(除法)

E.%(取模)

F.==(等于)

G.!=(不等于)

H.>(大于)

I.<(小于)

J.>=(大于等于)

K.<=(小于等于)

5.以下哪些是C++中的輸入輸出流？

A.cin

B.cout

C.cerr

D.clog

E.ifstream

F.ofstream

6.在C++中，以下哪些關(guān)鍵字用于定義函數(shù)？

A.void

B.int

C.double

D.char

E.struct

F.class

7.以下哪些是C++中的異常處理機(jī)制？

A.try

B.catch

C.throw

D.try-catch

E.throw-catch

F.try-catch-finally

8.以下哪些是C++中的字符串操作函數(shù)？

A.strlen()

B.strcpy()

C.strcat()

D.strcmp()

E.sprintf()

F.sscanf()

9.在C++中，以下哪些是構(gòu)造函數(shù)和析構(gòu)函數(shù)的特點(diǎn)？

A.構(gòu)造函數(shù)的名稱(chēng)與類(lèi)名相同

B.析構(gòu)函數(shù)的名稱(chēng)與類(lèi)名相同，前面加波浪號(hào)(~)

C.構(gòu)造函數(shù)和析構(gòu)函數(shù)沒(méi)有返回類(lèi)型

D.構(gòu)造函數(shù)和析構(gòu)函數(shù)可以重載

E.構(gòu)造函數(shù)和析構(gòu)函數(shù)可以接受參數(shù)

F.構(gòu)造函數(shù)和析構(gòu)函數(shù)可以返回值

10.以下哪些是C++中的模板函數(shù)？

A.使用關(guān)鍵字template定義

B.可以接受任意類(lèi)型的數(shù)據(jù)

C.可以提供默認(rèn)參數(shù)

D.可以重載

E.可以使用模板特化

F.可以使用模板別名

三、判斷題（每題2分，共10題）

1.在C++中，所有變量都必須在聲明時(shí)初始化。（）

2.C++中，類(lèi)的構(gòu)造函數(shù)和析構(gòu)函數(shù)不能重載。（）

3.C++中，一個(gè)類(lèi)只能有一個(gè)析構(gòu)函數(shù)。（）

4.在C++中，可以使用goto語(yǔ)句來(lái)跳轉(zhuǎn)到任意位置。（）

5.C++中，函數(shù)的默認(rèn)參數(shù)必須在參數(shù)列表的末尾聲明。（）

6.在C++中，const關(guān)鍵字可以修飾類(lèi)的成員函數(shù)，使其不能修改類(lèi)的成員變量。（）

7.C++中，一個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)體可以繼承另一個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)體。（）

8.C++中，模板函數(shù)可以接受任何類(lèi)型的數(shù)據(jù)。（）

9.在C++中，靜態(tài)成員函數(shù)可以訪問(wèn)類(lèi)的所有成員，包括私有成員。（）

10.C++中，一個(gè)類(lèi)的成員函數(shù)可以訪問(wèn)該類(lèi)的所有成員，包括基類(lèi)的成員。（）

四、簡(jiǎn)答題（每題5分，共6題）

1.簡(jiǎn)述C++中構(gòu)造函數(shù)和析構(gòu)函數(shù)的作用及其特點(diǎn)。

2.解釋C++中模板函數(shù)的概念，并舉例說(shuō)明如何定義和使用一個(gè)模板函數(shù)。

3.簡(jiǎn)要介紹C++中異常處理機(jī)制的基本原理，并說(shuō)明try-catch語(yǔ)句的使用方法。

4.描述C++中運(yùn)算符重載的概念，并舉例說(shuō)明如何實(shí)現(xiàn)一個(gè)類(lèi)的運(yùn)算符重載。

5.解釋C++中虛函數(shù)和純虛函數(shù)的區(qū)別，并說(shuō)明在多態(tài)中的使用。

6.簡(jiǎn)述C++中文件流的概念，并說(shuō)明如何使用ifstream和ofstream類(lèi)進(jìn)行文件讀寫(xiě)操作。

試卷答案如下

一、單項(xiàng)選擇題答案及解析：

1.A.C++是一種面向?qū)ο蟮木幊陶Z(yǔ)言

解析：C++支持面向?qū)ο缶幊?，同時(shí)也可以進(jìn)行面向過(guò)程編程。

2.C.private

解析：private關(guān)鍵字用于聲明類(lèi)的私有成員，只有類(lèi)的成員函數(shù)可以訪問(wèn)。

3.A.gcd(inta,intb)

解析：gcd函數(shù)用于計(jì)算兩個(gè)整數(shù)的最大公約數(shù)。

4.A.int

解析：int關(guān)鍵字用于聲明一個(gè)整型變量。

5.A.==

解析：==運(yùn)算符用于比較兩個(gè)整數(shù)是否相等。

6.A.time()

解析：time函數(shù)用于獲取當(dāng)前時(shí)間的時(shí)間戳。

7.A.const

解析：const關(guān)鍵字用于聲明一個(gè)常量，其值在初始化后不能改變。

8.A.void

解析：void關(guān)鍵字用于聲明一個(gè)函數(shù)的返回類(lèi)型為void，即函數(shù)沒(méi)有返回值。

9.A.stru