2025屆山西省大同市高三下學(xué)期三模英語(yǔ)試題一、閱讀理解Volunteeringabroadprovidesyouwiththepricelessopportunitytotravelandengageyourselfindifferentcultures.Herearesomeopeningsavailableforapplicationnow!WhaleSharkandMarineConservationExperienceddiversarewelcometovolunteerfortheresearchandconservationoftheoceanecosystemanduniqueoceanlifefoundinMozambique!Formervolunteershavehelpedtoidentifyover800whalesharksandaddthemtoaglobaldatabase.Time:Minimum4weeks—Maximum12weeksVolunteerwork:UnderwaterdatacollectionandphotographingoceanlifeAge:22-50WildlifeSanctuaryKrugerSafariSpendyourdaysworkingwithSouthAfrica’sbeautifulbigcatsandlearnallabouttheconservationeffortsthatarebeingputintoplace.Finishyouradventurewitha3-daySafariintheKrugerNationalParktoobservetheAfricanBigFiveandotherbreathtakingwildlifespeciesupclose!Time:Minimum4weeks—Maximum12weeksVolunteerwork:AnimalwelfareandcommunityeducationAge:18-60SustainableCommunityDevelopmentJoinGoEcoinCambodiatohelpimprovetheeducationalexperienceofchildreninunderdevelopedregions,bothinandoutsidetheclassroom,byteachingEnglishandworkingonconstructionprojects.Time:Minimum4weeks—Maximum8weeksVolunteerwork:Teaching,healtheducationandrestorationworkAge:18-65Eco-FriendlyOrganicCoffeeFarmingAssistingfarmersinCostaRicatogroworganiccoffeewhilebeingmindfuloftheregion’snaturalenvironmentthrougheco-friendlyagriculture.Time:Minimum3weeks—Maximum12weeksVolunteerwork:Eco-agricultureandsustainablecoffeefarmingAge:18-551．Whatisarequirementforthefirstproject?A．Divingexperience. B．House-repairingskills.C．Ateachingcertificate. D．Adegreeincomputerscience.2．WhereisSustainableCommunityDevelopment?A．InCostaRica. B．InMozambique.C．InSouthAfrica. D．InCambodia.3．Whichprojectcanyouapplyforifyoujusthavethreefreeweeks?A．WildlifeSanctuary&KrugerSafari.B．SustainableCommunityDevelopment.C．Eco-FriendlyOrganicCoffeeFarming.D．WhaleSharkandMarineConservation.Completedin1914,the82-kilometer-longPanamaCanalbetweenNorthandSouthAmericaistheshortestroutebetweentheAtlanticandPacific.Itsavesshipsmorethan11,000kilometersfromgoingaroundCapeHornatSouthAmerica’ssoutherntip.Today,abouttwothirdsoftrafficthroughthecanaloriginatesorendsintheUS.AfterAmerica,thebiggestcustomerisChina,followedbyChileandJapan.ButthefactthatacanalexistsinPanamaisitselfamiracle(奇跡).InhisbookThePathBetweentheSeas,historianDavidMcCulloughdetailedthechallengestomakethecanalpossible.AfterseveraleffortstodigacanalinPanamawerestoppedbyyellowfever,malaria,andthedeathsof20,000internationalworkers,theUStookovertheproject.Wantingtostartfreshin1902,mostofthedecision-makersintheUSgovernmentpreferredaroutethroughNicaraguainsteadofPanama.ButaFrenchengineernamedPhilippeBunau-VarillalobbiedthemtostickwithPanama.Thestorymightbeboileddownlikethis:Aweekbeforethevote,Bunau-VarillareceivedaletterfromNicaraguawithastampthatshowedNicaragua’sMomotombovolcanoerupting.HevisitedeverystampshopinWashington,DCandbought90copiesofthestampandsentonetoeachdecision-maker.ThestampsmadeabigdifferenceandthefinalvoteinfavorofPanamaoverNicaraguawas42-32.Formorethanacentury,Nicaraguahasn’tforgottenthecanalitalmosthad.Lastyear,Nicaragua’sgovernmentapprovedaplanfromaChinesecompanytoexploreanewandimprovedcanalwithanoilpipeline,arailwayandanairport.Theproposedbudgetforthe170-milecanalisabout$40billion.InanarrangementsimilartoPanama’s,Nicaraguawillstartwith10%equity(股權(quán)),andgainmoreeachyearuntilitistheonlyowneracenturyfromnow.Ifeverythinggoeswell,Nicaragua’sdreamwilleventuallycometrue.4．WhatcanbelearnedaboutthePanamaCanal?A．Itisabout82kilometerslong.B．ItistheshortestpathtoCapeHorn.C．Chinaisitsbiggestcustomeratpresent.D．Theefforttobuildthecanalstartedin1902.5．Whatdoestheword“l(fā)obbied”underlinedinparagraph3mean?A．Persuaded. B．Paid.C．Blamed. D．Forced.6．WhywastheUSgovernment’snewplanabandoned?A．TheFrenchgovernmentopposedit.B．ThecostsweretoohighfortheUS.C．Itfailedtoconsiderthethreatofavolcano.D．Itwouldtakemuchlongertimetocarryitout.7．Whatisthelastparagraphmainlyabout?A．Nicaragua’sdreams. B．AnewplanforNicaragua.C．ThePanamaCanalcontract. D．Risksofanewarrangement.PhilosopherTonyManelaisamongthephilosopherswhobelievethatthesingleword“gratitude”actuallyreferstotwoideas.Thefirstis“prepositionalgratitude”—gratitudetosomeonefordoingsomething.Forexample,youmightbegratefultoafirefighterforsavingyourlifeortoyourfriendforwatchingyourdogwhileyou’reaway.Thesecondis“propositionalgratitude”—amoreabstractgratitudeforthefactthatthingsarethewaytheyare.OnThanksgiving,whenfamiliessitaroundthetablesothateveryonecansharesomethingforwhichthey’regrateful,thetendencyistowardthesecondkindofgratitude.Mostofthetime,thefirstsortofgratitudeisactuallybetterdescribedasappreciation.Appreciationinvolvesgraspingtheimportanceofsomething,orfullyexperiencingthevalueofit.Afteryourfirsttripabroad,youmightappreciatethevirtuesofyourowncountry.Appreciationusuallyhasanelementofenjoyment.Bytakingaclass,youcanlearntoappreciateopera.Aftergainingweightinmidlife,youmightlearntoappreciateexercise,inthesenseofactuallylikingit,finally.Butshowingappreciationcanbeverydifficult.Supposethat,whenit’syourturntogivethanks,youdescribeaninstanceofprepositionalgratitude:“Thisyear,I’mgratefultomywifeforeverythingshe’sdoneforournewbabydaughter.”Thatseemsstraightforwardenough.But,actually,thiskindofgratitudeisveryodd.Shouldyoubetheonefeelinggratefulforwhatyourwifedoesforyourdaughter?Byexpressingappreciation,youmightseemtobeholdingyourselfoutastheheadofafamilybusiness.Itcouldbemoreaccuratetosimplyappreciatethatyourwifeisagreatparent.There’salsothematterofwhetheritmakessensetofeelgratefultopeoplefordoingwhattheyaregoingtodoanyway.Ifyourwifetellsyouthatsheisgratefulforhowyouhavetreatedyourkids,youmightfinditodd.Doessheexpectyoutotreatthemlesswell?8．“Propositionalgratitude”shouldbegivenwhen________.A．youreceiveagiftfromafriendB．yourparentspayforyoureducationC．yourmathteacherhelpsyousolveaproblemD．farmersthankdragonsforaverygoodharvest9．Whatisusuallyassociatedwith“appreciation”?A．Expensivethings. B．Anelementofpleasure.C．Somethingabstract. D．Personalresponsibilities.10．Howarethelasttwoparagraphsmainlydeveloped?A．Bycomparing. B．Byreasoning.C．Byquotingfamousmen. D．Bylistingexamples.11．Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A．APhilosopher’sOpiniononGratitude.B．TheNecessityofBeingGratefultoOthers.C．AComparisonof“Gratitude”and“Appreciation”.D．ProperWaystoShowGratitudetoFamilyMembers.UniversitystudentshavetakentoartificialintelligenceinthesamewaythatananxiousnewdriverwithatraditionalroadmapmighttaketoGPS.AsurveyofUKundergraduatesbytheHigherEducationPolicyInstituteshows92%ofthemareusingAIintheirschoolworkthisyearcomparedwith66%lastyear.Whatshouldwedo?Atfirst,IsuggestedthatteachersshouldfacetherealityandtrytoguidetheirstudentstouseAIwisely.Forexample,IaskedteacherstogivetheirstudentsAI-writtenessaysandtellthestudentstoimprovethem,aswellastoidentifyandcorrecttheirmistakes.Butlikemanypleasinglyneatsolutionstocomplexproblems,mineturnsouttobeaterribleidea.MariaAbreu,aprofessorofeconomicgeographyatCambridgeUniversity,toldmeherdepartmenthadexperimentedalongtheselines.ButwhentheygaveundergraduatesanAItextandaskedthemtoimproveit,theresultsweredisappointing.“Theimprovementswereverycosmeticandtheydidn’tchangethestructureofthearguments,”shesaid.“Masterstudentsdidbetter,perhapsbecausetheyhavealreadyhadtheabilitytothinkcriticallyandstructurearguments.Theworryisthatifwedon’ttrainthemtodotheirownthinking,theyarenotgoingtodevelopthatabilityatall.”MichaelVeale,whoisanexpertontechnologypolicy,evenseesAlasathreattothelearningprocessbecauseitoffersashort-cuttostudentswhoarepressedfortimeandanxioustogetgoodmarks.“Ourroleistowarnthemthattheseshort-cutsmaylimittheirpotential.Wewantthemtousethebesttoolsforthejobintheworkplacewhenthetimecomes,butthattimeisn’talwaysatthebeginning,”hesays.Thetwoteachersagreethatafocusonmaintainingfoundationalskillsincriticalthinking,informationgatheringandproblem-solvingwouldhelpstudentsavoidrelyingtoomuchonAIinthefuture.“Inotherwords,tousetheshort-cuteffectivelyratherthanmindlessly,studentsneedtoknowhowtodoitwithouttheshort-cut,”MichaelVealeexplains.12．Whatdoestheauthorwanttoshowbymentioninganewdriver?A．Thepotentialoftraditionalmaps.B．Students’strongdesiretouseAItools.C．ThepossibilityofpopularizingAItools.D．Problemswithtraditionalteachingmethods.13．Whatdidtheauthorsuggestteachersdo?A．EncouragestudentstoeditAI-writtenessays.B．Simplifythestructureofcomplexarguments.C．Askstudentstowritetheessaysontheirown.D．GuidethestudentstomarktheirworkwithAI.14．HowmightMariaAbreufeelabouttheuseofAItoolsinmiddleschools?A．Satisfied. B．Excited. C．Unconcerned. D．Skeptical.15．Whatmessagedoestheauthorseemtoconveyinthetext?A．BanAltoolsfromeducationalinstitutions.B．GuidestudentstouseAIasearlyaspossible.C．Trytourgestudentstolearnthebasicskillsfirst.D．LetstudentsuseAItoolswhentheyarepressedfortime.Havinggoodconversations—whetherwithstrangersorwithyourfriends—isanart.Herearesometipsthatcanhelpyoumastertheart.Firstofall,listen.Listening,whichrequiresenergyandattention,isnotonlyhardbutalsoessential.16Bepresent.Peoplethinkthatbeingpresentmeansnotlookingatyouremailortextingduringtheconversation.Ifyouwanttohaveagoodconversation,youdon’tjustneedtoputyourphonedown,youhavetoputitaway.17.Inonestudy,researchersplacedasilentcellphoneonatablebetweentwostrangers.Itdidn’tbelongtoeitherparticipant.Thestrangersreportedtheirconversationpartnertobeunlikeableanduntrustworthy—simplybecausethephonewasthere.18.It’seasytostoplisteningwhenyou’replanningwhatyou’regoingtosaynext,Thinkoflisteninglikeariver.Youblockitupallthetimewhenyoustoplisteninginordertothinkaboutwhatyou’regoingtosaynext.Assoonasthosethoughtscomeintoyourbrain,youneedtoletthemgooutofyourbrainandthenreturntotheconversation.Askopen-endedquestions.19.Forexample,ratherthanasking,“Areyousittingdown?”youmighttry,“Whatkindofchairdoyouliketositin?”Stayoutofthedetailsandbebrief.20.Ontheotherhand,nobodycaresabouttheexactdatesomethinghappenedorthelastnameofyourcousin.A．GowiththeflowoftheconversationB．TrynottorepeattheunimportantinformationC．Yesornoquestionsdon’tleadtheconversationveryfarD．ThemerepresenceoftechnologymakestheconversationharderE．Ifyoucannotconcentrate,thenyou’renotreallyhavingaconversationF．ListeningmayalsomeanbeingphysicallypresentwhenanotherpersonistalkingG．Ononehand,ifyou’regettingintotoomanydetails,itiseasytolosefocusonthebigpicture二、完形填空AsaboygrowingupinMinneapolisduringthe1970s,RussellKingknewhewasn’tinterestedinthethingsmostother21liked.“I22dollstosports,”King,now57,saidinaninterviewrecently.“ButIgotthe23earlythatbecauseIwasaboy,Iwasn’tsupposedto.”O(jiān)ncehewasplayingwithdoll(玩具娃娃),hismother24itandtalkedtohisfather.“Boysshouldn’tplaywithdolls!”hisfathersaid25.Butinelementaryschool,King’smusicteacher,PaigeMacklin,sentthe26message:HeencouragedKingtosingtheyoungboypartinthesong“William’sDoll”inaconcert.Itcouldn’thavebeenamore27songforKing.“William’sDoll”28aboyalsowantingtoplaywithadollandeverybodytriedto29him.“Suddenly,Ididn’tfeelso30,”Kingsaid.“Irealizedthatsomebodyelsehadthesamefeelings.Singingthatsongallowedmetobecomfortablewith31myself.”Themusicteachercouldn’thaveguessedatthetimethatthe32wouldleadKingtothestageandbecomeafamousmusician.Lookingbackonhislife,Kingthoughthow33hewastohavesucha34teacher.“Asateacher,youdon’tknowhowyoumighthave35yourstudents,”Macklin,now75,admittedtoKingduringthesameinterview.“Whatapleasantsurprisetohearyoursecret!”21．A．friends B．a(chǎn)dults C．boys D．parents22．A．preferred B．compared C．referred D．took23．A．evidence B．message C．news D．story24．A．ignored B．lost C．a(chǎn)ccepted D．saw25．A．a(chǎn)ngrily B．frequently C．unwillingly D．playfully26．A．short B．a(chǎn)musing C．opposite D．convincing27．A．boring B．suitable C．challenging D．unpleasant28．A．a(chǎn)ppealedto B．reliedon C．stoodfor D．dealtwith29．A．stop B．a(chǎn)dmire C．help D．hug30．A．content B．lonely C．quiet D．cold31．A．fooling B．enjoying C．being D．teaching32．A．class B．travel C．performance D．book33．A．fortunate B．funny C．silly D．wrong34．A．selfish B．permissive C．strict D．cruel35．A．a(chǎn)ppreciated B．disappointed C．misled D．influenced三、語(yǔ)法填空閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。TheYandongGrandSingersisachoir(樂(lè)隊(duì))formedby36(farmer)oftheDongminoritygroupfromatownshipinSouthwesternChina’sGuizhouprovince.37bandhasperformedattheInternationalFestivalforVocalMusicinLeipzig(2015),WorldMusicShanghai(2013),andKokugakuinUniversityofJapan(2011).TheGrandSongoftheDongpeoplewaslistedasanIntangibleCulturalHeritageofHumanitybyUNESCOin2009.Inbrightvoicesandnaturalharmonies38(shape)bytheuniqueenvironmentofthearea,theDongpeoplesingaboutnatureandlife.Anexampleoftheformeris“TheCicadaSong”,in39thesingerscopythewavingsoundsofcicadas’wings,whilethelatter40(represent)bythesong“LifeIsShort”,and“ItIsaPityIfYouDon’tSing”.FortheDongpeople,the41(important)ofGrandSongcan’tbeoverestimated,justastheirsayinggoes,“Foodsfeedthebody.Songsfeedthesoul.”TheDongpeople,whodon’thaveawrittenlanguageoftheirown,passdownmuchoftheirhistory,culture42knowledgethroughtheiruniquesongs.Thesesongsaccompany43(they)throughouttheirlives.Ineveryvillage,bandsofchildren,youngandseniorpeopleareformed.Membersofthebandsoftensinggrandsongs44(cheerful)atthedrumtower,ameetingplacefoundineveryDongvillage.45(promote)theirmusicculture,theyhavealsotourednationallyandinternationallyinrecentyears.四、書信寫作46．為了鼓勵(lì)同學(xué)們分享假期旅游經(jīng)歷，請(qǐng)你在英語(yǔ)角發(fā)一則征稿通知，內(nèi)容包括：1.作品要求；2.投稿方式。注意：1.寫作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80個(gè)左右；2.請(qǐng)按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。ArticlesWantedDearfellowstudents,___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________EnglishCorner五、書面表達(dá)47．閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語(yǔ)續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。Beinghelpfulisavirtue,butsometimesbeingtooenthusiasticcanbackfire.ItisalessonIlearnedthehardwaylastsummer.Thenightbeforethesummerholiday,itwasrainingcatsanddogs.ButIwasn’tbotheredbecauseJustin,Wendy,CrystalandIweretextingeachotheraboutourupcomingtriptoNiagaraFalls.Everybodywassoengagedinbrainstormingideasaboutwhattobringalong.Justincameupwithabrilliantidea.Hesuggestedthatweassignrolestoeachoneofus.SinceIwasknownforbeingcarefulandhelpful,Iwasgiventhe“babysitter”role—lookingaftereveryone.Duringthetrip,Itookmydutyseriously.Ontheway,Icollectedtrashesandguidedthemintoeverysinglereststationlikeahelpfulbabysitter.AsWendyandIwereliningupforthewashroom,Inoticedalittlegirlgotpushedoutoftheline,soIletherstandinfrontofme.Whenweallgotbacktothecar,Wendypraisedmeasakind-heartedbabysitterforanyone,whichmademefeelveryproudofmyself.ThenIsawCrystalholdingsomethingthatlookedlikeasunhat.JustinaskedCrystalwhatitwas,butIdidn’tcatchCrystal’sanswerclearly.Itseemedthatshementionedshewasmakingabirthdaygiftforhermother.Whenwearrivedatourhotel,itwasalreadysixintheevening.Sincenoonewashungry,wedecidedtorestandgetreadyforthenextday’sadventure.However,IwastooexcitedtofallasleepanddecidedtogotoCrystal’sroom.Whenwelistenedtomusictogether,Crystalkeptweaving(編織)thethingshehadbeenworkingoninthecar.Afterawhile,Crystalfellasleep.注意：1.續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150個(gè)左右；2.請(qǐng)按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。IthoughtIcouldhelpherfinishthesunhat.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Butthenextmorning,Crystalstormedintomyroom.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

參考答案【答案】1．A2．D3．C【分析】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了四個(gè)海外志愿項(xiàng)目的相關(guān)信息?！驹斀狻?．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)WhaleSharkandMarineConservation部分中“ExperienceddiversarewelcometovolunteerfortheresearchandconservationoftheoceanecosystemanduniqueoceanlifefoundinMozambique!(歡迎有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的潛水員志愿參與莫桑比克海洋生態(tài)系統(tǒng)和獨(dú)特海洋生物的研究與保護(hù)工作！)”可知，第一個(gè)項(xiàng)目要求有潛水經(jīng)驗(yàn)。故選A項(xiàng)。2．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)SustainableCommunityDevelopment部分中“JoinGoEcoinCambodiatohelpimprovetheeducationalexperienceofchildreninunderdevelopedregions,bothinandoutsidetheclassroom,byteachingEnglishandworkingonconstructionprojects.(加入GoEco在柬埔寨的項(xiàng)目，通過(guò)教授英語(yǔ)和參與建設(shè)項(xiàng)目，幫助改善欠發(fā)達(dá)地區(qū)兒童在課堂內(nèi)外的教育體驗(yàn))”可知，可持續(xù)社區(qū)發(fā)展項(xiàng)目在柬埔寨。故選D項(xiàng)。3．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)EcoFriendlyOrganicCoffeeFarming部分中“Time:Minimum3weeks—Maximum12weeks(時(shí)間：最少3周——最多12周)”可知，如果你只有三周的空閑時(shí)間，可以申請(qǐng)生態(tài)友好型有機(jī)咖啡種植項(xiàng)目。故選C項(xiàng)?！敬鸢浮?．A5．A6．C7．B【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。主要介紹巴拿馬運(yùn)河的基本情況、修建歷程中的關(guān)鍵事件，以及尼加拉瓜計(jì)劃修建新運(yùn)河的動(dòng)態(tài)?！驹斀狻?．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Completedin1914,the82-kilometer-longPanamaCanalbetweenNorthandSouthAmericaistheshortestroutebetweentheAtlanticandPacific.(1914年建成的巴拿馬運(yùn)河全長(zhǎng)82公里，位于南北美洲之間，是大西洋和太平洋之間的最短航線。)”可知，巴拿馬運(yùn)河長(zhǎng)度為82公里。故選A項(xiàng)。5．詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第三段“Wantingtostartfreshin1902,mostofthedecision-makersintheUSgovernmentpreferredaroutethroughNicaraguainsteadofPanama.ButaFrenchengineernamedPhilippeBunau-VarillalobbiedthemtostickwithPanama.(1902年，大多數(shù)美國(guó)政府決策者希望重新選擇尼加拉瓜路線而非巴拿馬。但法國(guó)工程師菲利普·比諾-瓦里拉……他們堅(jiān)持選擇巴拿馬。)”及第四段通過(guò)郵票影響投票的細(xì)節(jié)可知，菲利普·比諾-瓦里拉是想說(shuō)服美國(guó)不要改變運(yùn)河的選址，所以劃線單詞的意思與“說(shuō)服”意義相近。故選A項(xiàng)。6．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“Thestorymightbeboileddownlikethis:Aweekbeforethevote,Bunau-VarillareceivedaletterfromNicaraguawithastampthatshowedNicaragua’sMomotombovolcanoerupting.HevisitedeverystampshopinWashington,DCandbought90copiesofthestampandsentonetoeachdecision-maker.ThestampsmadeabigdifferenceandthefinalvoteinfavorofPanamaoverNicaraguawas42-32.(這個(gè)故事可以簡(jiǎn)要概括如下：在投票前一周，布諾-瓦里拉（Bunau-Varilla）收到一封來(lái)自尼加拉瓜的信，信封上貼著一張郵票，上面印著尼加拉瓜的莫莫通博（Momotombo）火山噴發(fā)的畫面。他走訪了華盛頓特區(qū)的每一家郵票商店，買下了90張這種郵票，并將其中每一張都寄給了決策者。這些郵票產(chǎn)生了重要影響，最終投票結(jié)果以42票對(duì)32票支持了巴拿馬而非尼加拉瓜。)”可知，美國(guó)政府因尼加拉瓜火山風(fēng)險(xiǎn)放棄其路線。故選C項(xiàng)。7．主旨大意題。根據(jù)尾段中的“Lastyear,Nicaragua’sgovernmentapprovedaplanfromaChinesecompanytoexploreanewandimprovedcanalwithanoilpipeline,arailwayandanairport.Theproposedbudgetforthe170-milecanalisabout$40billion.InanarrangementsimilartoPanama’s,Nicaraguawillstartwith10%equity(股權(quán)),andgainmoreeachyearuntilitistheonlyowneracenturyfromnow.(去年，尼加拉瓜政府批準(zhǔn)了一項(xiàng)由中國(guó)公司提出的計(jì)劃，建設(shè)一條新的、更完善的運(yùn)河，包括一條石油管道、一條鐵路和一座機(jī)場(chǎng)。這條全長(zhǎng)170英里的運(yùn)河預(yù)計(jì)耗資約400億美元。根據(jù)一項(xiàng)類似于巴拿馬的安排，尼加拉瓜將首先擁有10%的股權(quán)，并逐年獲得更多的股份，直到一個(gè)世紀(jì)后成為唯一的擁有者。)”可知，尾段主要介紹了運(yùn)河規(guī)模、預(yù)算及股權(quán)分配等，其核心是尼加拉瓜的新運(yùn)河計(jì)劃。故選B項(xiàng)?！敬鸢浮?．D9．B10．D11．C【分析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。主要介紹了“感激”（gratitude）的兩種類型，分析了gratitude與appreciation之間的區(qū)別和用法。【詳解】8．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Thesecondis“propositionalgratitude”—amoreabstractgratitudeforthefactthatthingsarethewaytheyare.(第二種是“命題型感恩”——對(duì)事物本身的狀態(tài)所持有的更抽象的感恩之情。)”可知，命題型感恩是對(duì)事物狀態(tài)的一種抽象感恩，它不針對(duì)具體的人或行為，而是對(duì)事物本身的一種感激。在選項(xiàng)D中，農(nóng)民對(duì)龍帶來(lái)的豐收表示感恩，這是一種對(duì)事物本身的狀態(tài)的感恩，符合“命題感恩”的定義。故選D。9．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Appreciationusuallyhasanelementofenjoyment.(欣賞通常包含一種享受的元素。)”可知，“appreciation”通常與“一種愉悅的元素”有關(guān)。故選B。10．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Supposethat,whenit’syourturntogivethanks,youdescribeaninstanceofprepositionalgratitude:“Thisyear,I’mgratefultomywifeforeverythingshe’sdoneforournewbabydaughter.”Thatseemsstraightforwardenough.But,actually,thiskindofgratitudeisveryodd.(假設(shè)輪到你表達(dá)感謝時(shí)，你描述了一個(gè)介詞感恩的例子：‘今年，我很感激我的妻子為我們新生的女兒所做的一切?！@看起來(lái)很直接。但實(shí)際上，這種感恩是非常奇怪的。)”和第四段“Ifyourwifetellsyouthatsheisgratefulforhowyouhavetreatedyourkids,youmightfinditodd.Doessheexpectyoutotreatthemlesswell.(如果你的妻子告訴你，她很感激你對(duì)待孩子的方式，你可能會(huì)覺(jué)得很奇怪。她是不是希望你以后對(duì)他們差一點(diǎn)。)”。由此可知，最后兩段主要是通過(guò)舉例來(lái)展開的。故選D。11．主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“PhilosopherTonyManelaisamongthephilosopherswhobelievethatthesingleword“gratitude”actuallyreferstotwoideas.(哲學(xué)家TonyManela是那些認(rèn)為‘gratitude’實(shí)際上包含兩種含義的哲學(xué)家之一。)”和下文內(nèi)容可知，文章主要介紹了gratitude和appreciation之間的區(qū)別和用法。由此可知，選項(xiàng)C“‘gratitude’和‘a(chǎn)ppreciation’的比較”是合適的標(biāo)題。故選C?！敬鸢浮?2．B13．A14．D15．C【分析】這是一篇議論文。作者討論了學(xué)生利用AI學(xué)習(xí)的現(xiàn)象，認(rèn)為在學(xué)生利用AI工具做作業(yè)前需要練好基本功。【詳解】12．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“UniversitystudentshavetakentoartificialintelligenceinthesamewaythatananxiousnewdriverwithatraditionalroadmapmighttaketoGPS.AsurveyofUKundergraduatesbytheHigherEducationPolicyInstituteshows92%ofthemareusingAIintheirschoolworkthisyearcomparedwith66%lastyear.(大學(xué)生對(duì)人工智能的接受程度，就像一個(gè)拿著傳統(tǒng)地圖的焦慮的新手司機(jī)對(duì)GPS的接受程度一樣。英國(guó)高等教育政策研究所對(duì)英國(guó)本科生的一項(xiàng)調(diào)查顯示，今年92%的本科生在學(xué)業(yè)中使用人工智能，而去年這一比例為66%。)”可知，作者將大學(xué)生對(duì)人工智能的接受程度與新手司機(jī)對(duì)GPS的依賴程度進(jìn)行了類比，從而強(qiáng)調(diào)了學(xué)生對(duì)使用人工智能工具的強(qiáng)烈愿望。故選B。13．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Atfirst,IsuggestedthatteachersshouldfacetherealityandtrytoguidetheirstudentstouseAIwisely.Forexample,IaskedteacherstogivetheirstudentsAI-writtenessaysandtellthestudentstoimprovethem,aswellastoidentifyandcorrecttheirmistakes.(起初，我建議教師應(yīng)該面對(duì)現(xiàn)實(shí)，并努力引導(dǎo)學(xué)生明智地使用人工智能。例如，我要求教師給學(xué)生提供人工智能寫的文章，并告訴學(xué)生改進(jìn)它們，以及識(shí)別和糾正它們的錯(cuò)誤。)”可知，作者建議教師讓學(xué)生編輯人工智能寫的文章。故選A。14．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“MariaAbreu,aprofessorofeconomicgeographyatCambridgeUniversity,toldmeherdepartmenthadexperimentedalongtheselines.ButwhentheygaveundergraduatesanAItextandaskedthemtoimproveit,theresultsweredisappointing.(劍橋大學(xué)經(jīng)濟(jì)地理學(xué)教授MariaAbreu告訴我，她的部門已經(jīng)在這方面進(jìn)行了實(shí)驗(yàn)。但是，當(dāng)他們給本科生一篇人工智能寫的文章，并要求他們改進(jìn)時(shí)，結(jié)果令人失望。)”可以推知，MariaAbreu對(duì)人工智能工具在中學(xué)（低年級(jí)）的使用持懷疑態(tài)度。故選D。15．推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Thetwoteachersagreethatafocusonmaintainingfoundationalskillsincriticalthinking,informationgatheringandproblem-solvingwouldhelpstudentsavoidrelyingtoomuchonAIinthefuture.(這兩位老師都認(rèn)為，注重保持批判性思維、信息收集和解決問(wèn)題等基礎(chǔ)技能，將有助于學(xué)生在未來(lái)避免過(guò)度依賴人工智能。)”可知，作者想傳達(dá)的信息是督促學(xué)生先學(xué)習(xí)基本技能。故選C?！敬鸢浮?6．E17．D18．A19．C20．G【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要講述了如何通過(guò)與陌生人或朋友進(jìn)行良好對(duì)話的技巧和藝術(shù)?！驹斀狻?6．由上文“Listening,whichrequiresenergyandattention,isnotonlyhardbutalsoessential.(傾聽需要精力和注意力，這不僅困難，而且至關(guān)重要。)”可知，本空應(yīng)進(jìn)一步闡述傾聽的重要性或傾聽與對(duì)話的關(guān)系。E選項(xiàng)“Ifyoucannotconcentrate,thenyou’renotreallyhavingaconversation(如果你不能集中注意力，那么你就沒(méi)有真正在對(duì)話。)”強(qiáng)調(diào)了集中注意力（即傾聽）對(duì)于對(duì)話的重要性，與上文緊密相關(guān)，符合題意。故選E。17．由上文“Ifyouwanttohaveagoodconversation,youdon’tjustneedtoputyourphonedown,youhavetoputitaway.(如果你想進(jìn)行一次愉快的對(duì)話，你不僅需要放下手機(jī)，還需要把手機(jī)收起來(lái)。)”及下文“Inonestudy,researchersplacedasilentcellphoneonatablebetweentwostrangers.Itdidn’tbelongtoeitherparticipant.Thestrangersreportedtheirconversationpartnertobeunlikeableanduntrustworthy—simplybecausethephonewasthere.(在一項(xiàng)研究中，研究人員在兩個(gè)陌生人之間的桌子上放了一部靜音手機(jī)。它不屬于任何一位參與者。陌生人報(bào)告說(shuō)，他們的對(duì)話伙伴不受歡迎且不值得信任——僅僅因?yàn)槭謾C(jī)在那里。)”可知，本空應(yīng)說(shuō)明手機(jī)等科技產(chǎn)品的存在對(duì)對(duì)話的影響。D選項(xiàng)“Themerepresenceoftechnologymakestheconversationharder(科技產(chǎn)品的存在本身就使對(duì)話變得更加困難)”直接點(diǎn)明了科技產(chǎn)品對(duì)對(duì)話的負(fù)面影響，與上下文緊密相關(guān)，符合題意。故選D。18．由下文“It’seasytostoplisteningwhenyou’replanningwhatyou’regoingtosaynext,Thinkoflisteninglikeariver.Youblockitupallthetimewhenyoustoplisteninginordertothinkaboutwhatyou’regoingtosaynext.(當(dāng)你在計(jì)劃接下來(lái)要說(shuō)什么時(shí)，很容易停止傾聽。把傾聽想象成一條河。當(dāng)你為了思考接下來(lái)要說(shuō)什么而停止傾聽時(shí)，你總是在阻塞它。)”可知，本空應(yīng)提出一個(gè)與對(duì)話流暢性相關(guān)的建議。A選項(xiàng)“Gowiththeflowoftheconversation(順應(yīng)對(duì)話的流程)”與下文內(nèi)容緊密相關(guān)，強(qiáng)調(diào)了順應(yīng)對(duì)話流程的重要性，符合題意。故選A。19．由上文“Askopen-endedquestions.(問(wèn)開放性問(wèn)題。)”可知，本空應(yīng)解釋為什么開放性問(wèn)題重要或給出開放性問(wèn)題的例子。C選項(xiàng)“Yesornoquestionsdon’tleadtheconversationveryfar(是或否的問(wèn)題不會(huì)讓對(duì)話走得太遠(yuǎn))”通過(guò)對(duì)比是或否的問(wèn)題和開放性問(wèn)題，強(qiáng)調(diào)了開放性問(wèn)題在引導(dǎo)對(duì)話方面的優(yōu)勢(shì)，與上文緊密相關(guān)，符合題意。故選C。20．由上文“Stayoutofthedetailsandbebrief.(避免細(xì)節(jié)，保持簡(jiǎn)潔。)”及下文“Ontheotherhand,nobodycaresabouttheexactdatesomethinghappenedorthelastnameofyourcousin.(另一方面，沒(méi)有人關(guān)心某件事發(fā)生的具體日期或你表親的姓氏。)”可知，本空應(yīng)說(shuō)明過(guò)于關(guān)注細(xì)節(jié)的問(wèn)題。G選項(xiàng)“Ononehand,ifyou’regettingintotoomanydetails,itiseasytolosefocusonthebigpicture(一方面，如果你過(guò)于關(guān)注細(xì)節(jié)，很容易忽略大局)”直接點(diǎn)明了過(guò)于關(guān)注細(xì)節(jié)的問(wèn)題，與上下文緊密相關(guān)，符合題意。故選G?！敬鸢浮?1．C22．A23．B24．D25．A26．C27．B28．D29．A30．B31．C32．C33．A34．B35．D【分析】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了20世紀(jì)70年代，在明尼阿波利斯長(zhǎng)大的RussellKing喜歡娃娃而非運(yùn)動(dòng)，遭父母反對(duì)。小學(xué)音樂(lè)老師PaigeMacklin鼓勵(lì)他演唱《威廉的娃娃》，這首歌讓他不再孤獨(dú)，能做自己。后來(lái)King成著名音樂(lè)家，認(rèn)為有這樣寬容的老師很幸運(yùn)，老師也感慨不知自己對(duì)學(xué)生影響深遠(yuǎn)?！驹斀狻?1．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：20世紀(jì)70年代，作為一個(gè)在明尼阿波利斯長(zhǎng)大的男孩，拉塞爾?金知道他對(duì)大多數(shù)其他男孩喜歡的東西不感興趣。A.friends朋友；B.adults成年人；C.boys男孩；D.parents父母。根據(jù)上文“Asaboygrowin