Unit4Astronomy：Thescienceofthestars1.asconj.隨著，當……的時候●用法拓展(1)prep.譯為：________(2)adv.譯為：______(3)conj.引導時間狀語從句,譯為：__________(4)conj.引導原因狀語從句，譯為：__________(5)conj.引導讓步狀語從句，譯為：_________(6)conj.引導方式狀語從句，譯為：__________(7)關系代詞，引導_______從句①Ashegrewolderhelostinterestineverythingexceptgardening.②Wehadbettertreatitasajoke.③Sheisastallashermother.④AsIamgoingtorepairmybike,Ineedahammer.⑤Intelligentasyouare,Isuspectyouwillfail.⑥Cyprus,asyouknow,isanislandintheMediterranean●特別提醒 表示“隨著……”時，也可以用with短語(with復合結構)。①Asthewealthofthecountryincreases,morewastewillbeproduced.②Withthewealthofthecountryincreasing,morewastewillbeproduced.單項填空①TheBeatles,________manyofyouareoldenoughtoremember,camefromLiverpool.A．what B．that C．how D．a(chǎn)s②Chinaistohavemoregiantpandas,___13femalepandasareexpectingbabiesthisyear.A．so B．if C．though D．a(chǎn)s③____childrengetolder,theybecomemoreandmoreinterestedinthethingsaroundthem.A．While B．When C．As D．With④Icouldn'tdomyhomeworkwithallthatnoise________.A．goingon B．goeson C．wenton D．togoon2.methodn.方法Hehasintroducedanewmethodofteaching.他引進了一種新的教學方法。Whatisthemosteffectivemethodofbirthcontrol?控制出生率的最有效的方法是什么？聯(lián)想拓展withthismethod=bythismeans=inthisway用這種方法易混辨析method/meansmethod側重“理論方法”，指做某事的具體步驟或程序。anewteachingmethod一種新的教學方法means（單復數(shù)同形）側重“通過手段”或“利用工具”去達到某種目的。高手過招選詞填空(method/means)（原創(chuàng)）①Thequickestoftravelisbyplane.②Shehasaveryscientificofdealingwithpoliticalproblems.答案：①means②method3.harmfuladj.有害的常用結構:dosb.harm/doharmtosb.對某人有害beharmfultoSmokingisharmfultoyourhealth.高手過招單項填空Heisanicedog.Hewon’tdoyouany.（原創(chuàng)）illB.biteC.hurtD.harm解析:選D?？疾楣潭ù钆?。dosb.harm/doharmtosb.表示“對某人有害”。句意為：這是一條溫順的狗，它不會傷害你。故選D。4.massn.質量；團；塊；大量；(前加the)群眾Aliterofgashaslessmassthanaliterofwater.1公升氣體的質量少于1公升水的質量。Shehasamassofthingstodo.她有一大堆的事情要做。Themasseshaveboundlesscreativepower.人民群眾有無限的創(chuàng)造力。常用結構:massesofsth.大量的東西5.pullv.拉，拖，拔；移動n.拉，拖；牽(引)力YoupushandIllpull.你來推，我來拉。Ifeltapullatmysleeveandturnedround.我覺得有人扯我的袖子，便轉過身來。常用結構:pull(sb.)back（使某人）退卻；撤回（某人）pulloff(sth.)（指機動車輛）駛離（道路至路側停車處停下）pullout(sth.)拉掉；使分離；掏出；駛離（車站）pullon穿，戴上（襪子、手套等）pulltogether同心協(xié)力；通力合作高手過招用pull相關短語的適當形式填空（原創(chuàng)）①Iarrivedasthelasttrainwas.②Heagunandaimedatthecriminal.③Solongaswe,there’snomountaintopwecan’tconquer.答案：①pullingout②pulledout③pulltogether6.cheervt.&vi.(使)高興、振奮；(對)歡呼ThecrowdcheeredloudlyastheQueenappeared.女王出現(xiàn)時群眾高聲歡呼。Hewasgreatlycheeredbythenews.他聽到這個消息非常高興。常用結構:cheersb.on為某人加油cheer(sb.)up（使某人）更高興；（使）振奮起來聯(lián)想拓展cheerfuladj.高興的cheerlessadj.不高興的；陰冷的高手過招用cheer相關短語的適當形式填空（原創(chuàng)）①Yourvisithasgreatlyhimup.②Thecrowdtherunnersastheystartedthelastlap.③Youlookasthoughyouneedup.答案：①cheered②cheered;on③cheering7.puzzlevt.&vi.（使）迷惑；（使）苦思n.迷；難題puzzledadj.無法了解的；困惑的puzzlingadj.令人費解的Herreplypuzzledme.她的回答把我弄糊涂了。Theirreasonfordoingitisstillapuzzletome.他們?yōu)槭裁匆菢幼龃耸挛胰愿械侥涿?。常用結構：sb.bepuzzledbysth.某人對……感到迷惑puzzleabout/oversth.對某事感到迷惑solveapuzzle解決一個難題高手過招用puzzle的適當形式填空①Toexplainthefindings,heofferstwotheories.②IthatIhaven’theardfromLizforsolong.③Shelistenedwithaexpressiononherface.④Noonehasyetsucceededinexplainingtheofhowlifebegan.答案：①puzzling②ampuzzled③puzzled④puzzle8.existvi.存在，生存existencen.存在DoeslifeexistonMars?IcanhardlyexistonthewageI’mgetting.我靠自己掙的工資簡直難以糊口。常用結構：exist+prep.存在于某地方existonsth.靠某物生存高手過招用exist相關短語的適當形式填空①ThisplantonlyAustralia.②Canyousuchalowsalary?③Idoubttheofalien.答案：①exists;in②existon③existence重點短語9.intime意為“及時”時相當于earlyenough,soonenough;意為“終于，早晚”時相當于soonerorlater。Wegottothestationjustintimetocatchthebus.=Wegottothestationjustintimeforthebus.Thedoctorcameintimetosaveherlife.Youllsucceedintimeifyoukeeponworkinghard.聯(lián)想拓展beintimeforsth./beintimetodosth.對于某事是及時的/及時做某事aheadoftime提前；提早allthetime一直；始終atonetime曾經(jīng)；一度atatime一次attimes有時atthesametime同時；然而；可是fromtimetotime不時；偶爾innotime立刻；馬上takeonestime不急，慢慢來高手過招單項填空—IwasdisappointedintimewhenIdidn’tpasstheexaminations.—Don’tbesodiscouraged.You’llbesuccessfulintime.(2009·12·河南平頂山檢測)A./;/B.a;aC./;aD.a;/解析:選D。句意為：——我沒通過考試那段時間我很失望?！獎e灰心。你遲早會成功的。第一個空考查的是when引導的定語從句，表示在某段時間里，故應用inatime。而第二個空表示“遲早”，故用intime。10.prevent...from阻止；制止Theheavyrainpreventedusfromgoingthere.易混辨析prevent/stop/keep/protectprevent,stop,keep與protect四者的常見結構為：prevent...(from)doingsth.；stop...(from)doingsth.；keep...fromdoingsth.;均表示“阻止……做某事”。上述三個結構中，在主動語態(tài)中stop與prevent后可省去from，但在被動語態(tài)中不可省略;而keep...from...中的from在任何情況下都不能省略。另外，protect...from...表示“保護……不受……侵襲；阻擋；防御”。from后接能帶來傷害或損害的事物。Thisplanwillbekeptfrombeingcarriedout.這個計劃將被阻止實施。高手過招單項填空Somepolicemenshouldbesenttothemthetrees.（原創(chuàng)）A.prevent;tocutdownB.stop;cuttingdownC.keep;tocutdownD.keep;cuttingdown解析:選B。句意為：應該派一些警察去阻止他們砍伐樹木。keep/prevent/stop...fromdoingsth.阻止……做某事,其中keep...fromdoingsth.中的from不可省略。故選B。11.breakout突發(fā)；爆發(fā)（無被動語態(tài)）Troublemaybreakoutatanymoment.災難在任何時候都可能突然發(fā)生。Whendidthewarbreakout?戰(zhàn)爭什么時候爆發(fā)的？Itwasatmidnightthatafirebrokeout.在午夜時分發(fā)生了一起大火。聯(lián)想拓展breakawayfrom脫離（政黨等）；打破（陳規(guī)等）breakdown出故障；（計劃等）失??；（身體、精神等）垮掉breakin破門而入，闖入；打斷（話語）等breakinto破門而入；突然……起來breakoff折斷；突然中止；斷絕；結束breakthrough突破breakup敲碎；放假；散會高手過招用break相關短語的適當形式填空（原創(chuàng)）①AterribletsunamiinthesoutheasterncountriesofAsiaatChristmas,2004.②WhendoyouforChristmas?③Negotiationsbetweenthetwosideshave.④Hishousewaslastweek.答案：①brokeout②breakup③brokendown④brokeninto13.Whatitwastobecomewasuncertainuntilbetween4.5and3.8billionyearsagowhenthedustsettledintoasolidglobe.隨后它會變成什么沒人能知道，直到38~45億年前，這團塵埃才慢慢地形成一個固體的球狀物。Whatitwastobecome...是what引導的主語從句，what在從句中作become的賓語。Whatsurprisedeverybodywasthathedidn’tcometothemeeting.使大家驚奇的是他竟沒有參加會議。Whathedidaddedtoourdifficulty.他所做的增加了我們的困難?！癰e+動詞不定式”在本句中表示按照計劃、安排將要發(fā)生的動作。Whenaretheytohandintheirplan?他們的計劃什么時候交上來？YouaretodoyourhomeworkbeforeyouwatchTV.你得做完了作業(yè)才能看電視。高手過招單項填空Indryweathertheflowerswillhavetobewateredifthey.（原創(chuàng)）A.havesurvivedB.aretosurviveC.wouldsurviveD.willsurvive解析:選B?？疾檎鎸崡l件句。aretosurvive在此處并不表示將來，而表示“期望”。14.ButwhenItriedtostepforward,IfoundIwascarriedtwiceasfarasontheearthandfellover.而當我試著向前邁步的時候，我發(fā)覺我被送出去很遠，步子的跨度竟是地球上的兩倍，因而我摔倒了。twiceas...as...是……的兩倍聯(lián)想拓展英語中的倍數(shù)表達法：倍數(shù)+as+adj./adv.+as是……的幾倍倍數(shù)+adj./adv.的比較級+than比……(多/大)幾倍倍數(shù)+the+表示長度/高度/寬度等的名詞+of是……長度/高度/寬度的幾倍，此結構中常用的名詞有：size,height,weight,length,width,depth等。Thisruleristhreetimesaslongasthatone.=Thisruleristwicelongerthanthatone.=Thisruleristhreetimesthelengthofthatone.這把尺子是那把的三倍長。Therearefourtimesasmanystudentsasweexpected.到的學生是我們預計的五倍。高手過招(1)翻譯句子（原創(chuàng)）這個房子是那個的三倍大。(2)完成句子到的客人是我們預計的兩倍。Thereareweexpected.答案：(1)Thishouseisthreetimesasbigasthatone./Thishouseistwicebiggerthanthatone./Thishouseisthreetimesthesizeofthatone.(2)twiceasmanyguestsas11.remain①link-v.保持,仍是,還是～adj./n./p.p:amystery/active/seated/sitting/standing/unknown/unchanged②vi.停留,逗留.～/stayinBeijing/athome③vi.剩下,遺留(beleft)It(only)remainsforsb.todosth.某人最后還要做…(remain不用被動/進行時/過去分詞)④remains.n.剩余物，剩飯菜，遺跡/remainder.n.剩余的人或物/remaining.adj.剩下的,leftadj.剩下的(做后置定語)①Ladiesandgentlemen,pleaseremain____(seat)untiltheplanehascometoacompletestop.②Itremains____(see)whetherJim'llbefitenoughtoplayinthefinals.③Theboyateupthe_____food/thefood_____.④Itwasalreadypastmidnightandonlythreeyoungmen____intheteahouse.7．nowthat既然●用法拓展①inthat(書面語)“在…方面，因為”，不用于句首Shewasfortunateinthatshehadfriendstohelpher./Thetwinsaresimilarinthattheyarebothtallandstrong.②其他引導原因狀語從句的連詞because“因為”；since“既然”(可與nowthat互換)；as“由于”；for“因為”(并列連詞，引導一個分句，不能置于句首)。③表示原因的其他短語：_______起因于；歸功于onaccountof為了……的緣故________因為；由于_____________由于_________由于；多虧_______因為●特別提醒1.nowthat是連詞詞組，引導原因狀語從句，口語中that可以省略，只用now連接從句。2.dueto表原因時，一般不能放在句首。④表原因的連詞還有：seeing(that)鑒于/given(that)鑒于，考慮到/considering(that)考慮到eg:Seeing(that)heisill,heisunlikelytocome.Given/Consideringtheirinexperience/thattheyareinexperienced;they’vedoneagoodjob.單項填空①________I'veheardthemusic，Iunderstandwhyyoulikeit.A．Unless B．Eventhough C．Nowthat D．Incase②________everyoneishere，let'sbeginourmeeting!A．Nowthat B．That C．Asif D．If8.dependonvi.相信,信賴;依靠,依賴(尤指錢);視……而定YoucandependonJohn—heisalwaysontime.相關短語：believesb.相信某人（所說的話）believeinsb.信任/信賴某人trust(in)sb.相信/信任/信賴某人countonsb.relyon單項填空Tellhimwhatyouwanttosay;he’samanto__.A.count B.believe C.trust D.depend練習：Tom’sfatherisso______thatTomisafraidtotellhimhehasfailed.A.violentB.quietC.happyD.pleasantThepersonsaid,“Wemustgetridofthebombinthestreet,orwhenit______manypeoplewillbehurt.”A.explodesB.explodedC.willexplodeD.explodes3.Asisalreadyproved，smoking________theriskofheartattacksandotherhealthproblems.A．takesB．developsC．multipliesD．improve4.Allthepassengerswere________onwiththeirtravelplansjustbecauseofthestorm.A．protectedfromgoingB．preventedgoingC．preventedtogoD．preventedfromgoing5.________Tomhasnointerestinpiano，thereisnopointpushinghimtolearnit.A．NowthatB．IncaseC．EvenifD．Asif6.Theirmother________dinneratthekitchenwhenaquarrel________amongthechildren.A．waspreparing；wasbrokenoutB．prepared；wasbrokenoutC．waspreparing；brokeoutD．prepared；brokeout7.Completelylostintheexciting________ofthefootballmatch，Tomdidn’tfeelhispocketpicked.A．scene B．viewC．a(chǎn)tmosphere D．sight8.Muchnewandhightechnologyhasbeenintroducedfromabroad，thus________ingreatincreaseinproductionofthefirm.A．resulting B．resultedC．toresult D．whichresults9.Amongthestudents________acertaindoubtabouttheirfuturecareer.A．itexistedB．thereexistedC．therehadD．ithad10.—Darling，Ididn’tgetpromoted.—________！Therewillbeloadsofotheropportunities.A．Welldone B．Whatapity C．Cheerup D．Allright11.Bobgotseriouslyinjuredinthetrafficaccident，butfortunately，thedoctorcame________tosavehislife.A．intime B．ontimeC．a(chǎn)tlast D．forsure12.Hehurriedhome，onlytofindhishouse________.A．breakoutB．brokenintoC．breakintoD．brokenin13.Airfareshavedroppedagainasa________oftheplanecrash.A．consequencesB．causeC．resultD．effect14.Mr.Greenisa