Lecture2選擇性必修四Unit2單元重點詞匯和語法專題復習講練單元重點單詞及其詞形轉換和固定搭配iconicadj.符號的；圖標的；象征性的→iconicallyadv.形象地→iconicityn.形象性，圖像表示→iconn.圖標；偶像；代表；畫像iconicsymbol標志性符號iconicattraction標志性景點foundationn.創(chuàng)建；基礎；地基→foundvt.創(chuàng)建；成立；根據(jù)；以為基礎→foundern.創(chuàng)始人→foundedadj.有基礎的politicaladj.政治的；政客的→politicallyadv.政治上→politicsn.政治；政治學→politiciann.政客，善于玩弄權術者→policyn.政策locatedadj.位于；坐落在→locatevt.確定的位置→locationn.地點，位置belocatedin/at/on位于（大地點/小地點/之上）bakeryn.面包(糕餅)店;面包廠→bakern.面包師→bakev.烤，烘，焙butchern.屠夫；劊子手→butcheryn.肉鋪；屠宰場jointn.公共場所(尤指價格低廉的飲食和娛樂場所)；關節(jié)adj.聯(lián)合的;共同的→joinv.參加；參與joinintheactivity參加活動jointhearmy參軍joinsb.insth.與某人一起做某事jointventure合資企業(yè)entitlev.給命名；給予權利/資格→entitlementn.權利，資格→entitledadj.有資格的；有權利的beentitledto有權享有;有的資格freedomn.自由；不受……影響的狀態(tài)→freeadj.自由的；免費的vt.befreefrom免受，不受的影響freeoneselffrom擺脫的束縛havefreedomtodosth.有做某事的自由libertyn.自由→liberatevt.解放→liberationn.解放；解放運動→liberatorn.解放者liberatefrom解放某人或某物；使某人或某物從束縛、限制、壓力中獲得自由temporaryadj.暫時的；短暫的→temporarilyadv.暫時地→temporarinessn.臨時；暫時licensedadj.得到正式許可的→licensevt.批準；許可n.(=licence)許可證；執(zhí)照frequencyn.發(fā)生率；重復率；(聲波或電磁波振動的)頻率→frequentadj.頻繁的→frequentlyadv.頻繁地violentadj.暴力的；猛烈的→violentlyadv.暴力地→violencen.暴力byviolence強行地；暴力地biologyn.生理；生物學→biologicaladj.生物的；生物學的；親生的→biologicallyadv.生物學上；生物學地；→biologistn.生物學家hatchvi.孵出；破殼vt.使孵出；策劃；(尤指)密謀Don’tcountthechickensbeforetheyarehatched.別過早樂觀。capacityn.能力；容量→capableadj.有能力的→capabilityn.能力；才能becapableof有能力做某事prisonn.監(jiān)獄；監(jiān)禁v.關押→prisonern.犯人besentencedto5yearsinprison被判處五年監(jiān)禁單元重點短語primeminister首相；總理peakseason高峰季節(jié)ahandfulof少數(shù)人(或物)；一把(的量)referto...as把稱為/稱作referto查閱；提及；指代refer...to...將某人或某物引薦給foryourreference供參考atthattime在那時atonetime在過去的某段時間；曾經(jīng)有段時間atatime一次；在一段時間內attimes有時候；偶爾fromtimetotime偶爾；有時incontactwith與接觸；與某人或某物有聯(lián)系keep/getintouchwithsb.與某人保持/取得聯(lián)系setup建立；設立；安裝；籌備setouttodo開始做某事=setaboutdoingtakedown記下；放下；拆除；打擊；被攻擊putdown放下；鎮(zhèn)壓；貶低Personallyspeaking就個人而言intheinterest(s)of為了；為了/符合的利益單元重點語法-過去分詞專題復習講練分詞的概念分詞常常扮演形容詞的角色，也有動詞的性質。分詞可以分為現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞，現(xiàn)在分詞由“動詞原形+ing”構成，過去分詞通常由“動詞原形+ed”構成(也有不規(guī)則變化)?，F(xiàn)在分詞與過去分詞對比時間上語態(tài)上現(xiàn)在分詞表示動作正在進行adevelopingcountry(發(fā)展中國家)表示主動therulingclass(統(tǒng)治階級)過去分詞表示動作已完成adevelopedcountry(發(fā)達國家)表示被動theruledclass(被統(tǒng)治階級)過去分詞的用法（1）構成現(xiàn)在完成時和過去完成時Ihavealreadyfinishedmyhomework.（2）構成被動語態(tài)Nowwearenotallowedtotouchit.（3）作定語：(相當于一個被動語態(tài)的定語從句)過去分詞是單個單詞時，一般用于名詞前;過去分詞短語，就放在名詞的后面OurclasswentonanorganizedtriplastMonday.Thoseelectedascommitteememberswillattendthemeeting.=Thosewhoareelectedascommitteememberswillattendthemeeting.（4）作表語：常具有形容詞的特征，表示主語的特征、狀態(tài)或感情等Iwassurprisedathearinghimsayso.（5）作賓補：常作感官動詞或使役動詞的賓語補足語，表示被動、完成Iheardthesongsungseveraltimeslastweek.Ihavehadmyhaircut.（6）作狀語：分詞的邏輯主語(即分詞動作的發(fā)出者)一般要與句中主語保持一致Seenfromthetower,thecitylooksverybeautiful.Givenmoretime,I'llbeabletodoitbetter.【注】有些過去分詞是不及物動詞構成的，不表示被動，只表示完成，如：boiledwater(開水),fallenleaves(落葉),newlyarrivedgoods(新到的貨),therisensun(升起的太陽)過去分詞專題練習-用所給單詞或短語的適當形式完成句子____________________(mailout)automatically,theemailwillbereceivedbyalltheclubmembers.____________________(work)abroadforalmost20years,theoldmannowsetsfootonhismotherland.Themanagerwouldliketoseehisplan____________________(carryout)assoonaspossible.IneedanewpassportsoIwillhavetohavemyphotograph____________________(take).Theseats____________________(reserve)forthedisabledarejustneartheentrance.____________________(edit)bythreelanguageexperts,thisbookhasbeenpopularwiththereaderseversinceitcameouttwoyearsago.I'vebeendreamingofbecomingawritersinceIwasateenager,butitseemshardtogetabook____________________(publish).Withover2,500bikes____________________(store)inourfiverentalshopsatstrategiclocations,wemakesurethereisalwaysabikeavailableforyou.Althoughthestudies____________________(lead)byNavajashavelimitationsandmanyquestionsremain,thepotentialimplicationsforgroupdiscussionanddecision-makingareenormous.It'sjaw-droppinghowmuchperfectlygoodfoodisthrownaway—from"ugly"(butquiteeatable)vegetables____________________(reject)bygrocerstolargeamountsofuneatendishes____________________(throw)intorestaurantgarbagecans.____________________(occupy)withroutineofficetasks,shehadnotimetoattendtoherchildren.____________________(explain)manytimes,themainideaofthearticlewasstillnotcleartoallthestudents.Inartcriticism,youmustassumetheartisthasasecretmessage____________________(hide)withinthework.Toreturntotheproblemofwaterpollution,I'dlikeyoutolookatastudy____________________(conduct)inAustraliain2012.Today'schildrenandteenagersareconsumingthreetimesthe____________________(recommend)levelofsugar,puttingthematahigherriskofthedisease.過去分詞專題練習-用過去分詞完成句子Eric跑進起居室追足球,身后跟著一條走得很慢的大狗。(follow)Ericranintothelivingroomtochasethefootball,___________________________whichwaswalkingveryslowly.你不能毫不猶豫地接受別人提供給你的意見，除非它是以事實為依據(jù)的。(offer)Youcan'treadily____________________________________________unlessitisbasedonfacts.隨著春節(jié)的臨近,我給孩子買了一個有彩燈裝飾的玩具。(decorate)WiththeSpringFestivalapproaching,Iboughtatoy ________________________________formychild.他只有聲嘶力竭地喊叫才能使別人聽到他的聲音。(hear)Onlybyshoutingatthetopofhisvoice_____________________________________________.他專心地注視著那輛車經(jīng)過，沒有注意到他的朋友來了。(absorb)__________________________________________________,hedidn'tnoticehisfriendscoming.他一離開市場，就發(fā)現(xiàn)自己在與賣家打交道時被騙了。(cheat)Themomentheleftthemarket,he_________________________________whendealingwiththeseller.與朋友和心愛的冰球隊分離，Cathy開始感到孤獨和無助。(separate)____________________________________andherbelovedicehockeyteam,Cathystartedtofeellonelyandhelpless.受到了Jane的話的鼓舞，Peter擺脫了不安情緒，走到了舞臺中央。(encourage)____________________________________,Petergotridofnervousnessandwalkedtothecentreofthestage.受傷的工人現(xiàn)在正在醫(yī)院里接受照料。(injure)____________________________________arenowbeingtakencareofinthehospital.我喜歡這本書清晰的書寫方式，各種引人人勝的知識給每一章都賦予了生命。(bring...tolife)Ilikehowthebookisclearlywrittenwith_____________________________________bypiecesoffascinatingknowledge.過去分詞專題練習-用所給單詞的適當形式完成以下演講稿______________(give)thefastpaceofthejobmarketnow,21stcenturyemployees(2)______________(face)withchallengesthattheirparentsneverexperienced.(3)______________(compare)topreviousgenerations,standards(4)______________(set)higherforthemandthey(5)______________(expect)tohavemorequalificationsandawiderrangeofnewandessentialskills.(6)______________(require)toinnovateconstantly,21stcenturyemployeesneedtobereadytoadapttonewchallengesandrolesquickly.(7)______________(throw)intoahyper-connectedworkplace,today'sgraduateswillalsohaveto(8)______________(prepare)tomovearoundtojobsatdifferentcompanies.Therearealsoplentyofadvantagestothisnewworkingworld.(9)______________(design)tobemoredynamicandinspiring,workingenvironmentswillbemoreexcitingthanofficesofthepast.Workerswillhappilyenjoymanyextrabenefits,suchasgymsandgamesrooms,(10)______________(provide)bycompanies.Alternatively,ifsomeoneprefersmoreindependence,technologywillallowforgreateropportunitiesforselfemploymentandstartingtheirownbusiness.單元語法填空專題練習MentioningSydney,Australia,mostpeoplethinkoftheSydneyOperaHouse.1.______________(shape)likehugeshellsorrisingsails,thisfamousbuildingonSydney'sBennelongPointgracesthelistofUNESCOWorldHeritagesitesandisoneoftheworld'sgreatarchitectural2.______________(wonder).Thelocationisamazing.Water3.______________(surround)thestructureonthreesides,andtheRoyalBotanicGardenbordersittothesoutheast.Danisharchitect,JornUtzonwonaninternationalcompetition4.______________itsdesign,butwithdrewfromtheprojectafter5.______________(technique)andfinancialproblems.Finally,itsconstructionwascompletedin1973at6.______________cost14timestheoriginalbudget.Bythistime,Utzon7.______________(leave)thecountry,neverreturningtoseehisimpressivecreation.______________(current)，visitorscanenjoyaperformanceintheSydneyOperaHouse,dineatoneoftherestaurants,orseethehighlightsoftheSydneyOperaHouseonaguidedtour.TouringtheSydneyOperaHouseisrewarding,butitsastonishingarchitectureisperhapsbestappreciatedfromadistance.Oneofthebestsites9.______________(photograph)thistopSydneytouristattractionisMrsMacquarie'sChairintheRoyalBotanicGarden,orvisitorscancatchtheferry(渡船)totakeaphoto10.______________theysailpast.單元寫作練習校英語報正在以"AnIconicAttractioninBeijing"為主題進行征文,請你寫一篇短文介紹北京的標志性景點之一——王府井大街。校英語報正在以"AnIconicAttractioninBeijing"為主題進行征文,請你寫一篇短文介紹北京的標志性景點之一——王府井大街。__________________________________________(坐落在北京市中心)，WangfujingStreet extendsforatotallengthofmorethan1,800meters.AsthemostflourishingbusinessquarterinBeijing,it2._______________________________________________