Unit2Grammarandusage-ingform八灘高二英語備課組葛衛(wèi)紅1aTherearemanysleepingstudentsinclass.

（表語）（定語）Feelingthelessonisboring,thestudentsaresleepy.Thestudentsfeelthelessonboring.Thelessonisboring.（賓補）（狀語）2a功能定語表語賓語補足語狀語3aInthefollowingyearsheworkedevenharder.Themanspeakingtotheteacherisourmonitor’sfather.Thefilmbeingshowninthecinemaisexciting.Canyouhearhersingingthesonginthenextroom?

Workinginthefactory,hewasanadvancedworker.Hekeptthecarwaitingatthegate.

4a1.Hehurriedhome,

looking

behindashewent.2.Havingfinishedtheirwork,theyhadarest.3.Thelargebuildingbeingbuiltisalibrary.4.Havingbeenshownthelab,weweretakentoseethelibrary.（一般式）（完成式）（被動語態(tài)）（被動完成式）5a時態(tài)和語態(tài)6a3.ThemanwhoisrunninginthepictureisLiuXiang.2.ThemanrunninginthepictureisLiuXiang.1.arunningman一、

V-ingusedasattribute:7aThefactorymakingTVsetsisverylarge.

＝Themainroadbeingbuiltwillbecompletednextyear.此處為什么用beingbuiltThemainroad______________________willbecompletednextyearthat/whichisbeingbuiltThemainroad________________(build)nextweekisbeneficaltoourlife.tobebuiltcci此處的tobebuilt是什么形式做什么成分？你能體味它和beingbuilt的不同嗎？ThefactorywhichmakesTVsetsisverylarge.8a1.Thatwasanextremelyinterestingspeech.2.Awood-burningstoveisenvironmentallyunfriendly.Note:副詞或名詞可以和現(xiàn)在分詞在一起構(gòu)成復合名詞9a翻譯：1.令人信服的證據(jù)2.一段難熬的時光3.正在討論的問題4.即將在會上討論的問題5.令人驚異的人6.迅速發(fā)展的經(jīng)濟7.經(jīng)營這個工廠的老板theconvincingenvidenceatryingtimetheproblembeingdiscussedtheproblemtobediscussedatthemeetingtheamazingpersonthefast-growingeconomythebossrunningthefactory10a小結(jié):V-ing形式作定語可表示動作正在進行或表示和所修飾詞之間有邏輯主動關(guān)系。單個V-ing詞作定語修飾名詞一般置于名詞之前；V-ing詞組修飾名詞則置于名詞之后，此時相當于一個定語從句。11a

2.Wenoticedalotofpeople_________(wait)toenterthestadium.

二、

V-ingusedasObjectComplement:1.Wesawsomestudents_______(play)basketballontheplayground.3.Theyhavethefire____(burn)allnight.

playingwaitingburning12aV-ing形式作賓語補足語置于賓語之后，表示一個正在進行的動作（如例1、2），或強調(diào)一個過程或一種狀態(tài)。（如例3）小結(jié)：13aV-ing形式作賓語補足語的常見動詞：小結(jié)：表示感覺和心理狀態(tài)的動詞，常見的有see,hear,feel,smell,find,notice,observe,lookat,listento等。2)表示指使意義的動詞，常見的有have,set,keep,get,catch,leave，等。如：V-ing形式作賓語補足語時，往往同賓語存在邏輯主謂關(guān)系。你知道嗎？14a1.Hewasoftenheard____________(sing)theEnglishsongs.2.Hewasheard_____________(sing)theEnglishsongwhenIpassedby.3.Heleftthefire_____________(burn)allnight.4.Thestudentwascaught___________(cheat)intheexam.PracticeFillintheblankswiththeverbgiveninitsproperform.tosingsingingburningcheating15a

當我們回到學校時,發(fā)現(xiàn)一個陌生人站在大門口。Whenwereturnedtotheschool,we_________________________attheentrance.我發(fā)現(xiàn)地板上放著一個包。I___________________ontheground.

那老板讓工人整夜地工作。Theboss___________________________thewholenight.foundastrangerstandingfoundabaglyingkept/hadtheworkersworkingPracticeCompletethesentences:16awith+賓語+todoWith+賓語+doneWith+賓語+doing1.Withsomanydifficultproblems________(solve),hecouldtravelwithhiswife.2.Withsomanydifficultproblems___________(solve),hecouldn’ttravelwithhiswife.3.Withtheman_________(solve)somanydifficultproblems,hecouldtravelwithhiswife.4.Hehadtocomebackhomewithhismoney__________________/______________(用光）solvedtosolveslovingrunningoutrunoutof17a

他對母親的關(guān)愛很感人。Hisconcernforhismotheris_____________.

三、V–ingusedaspredicativetouching/moving

-ing形式作表語時放在系動詞之后，現(xiàn)在分詞作表語,相當于形容詞,表示主語的性質(zhì)

Thefilmisinteresting.

小提示：動名詞和現(xiàn)在分詞可用very來鑒別:在v-ing前加上very句意說得通的是現(xiàn)在分詞,說不通的是動名詞.

18a

interesting使人感興趣的 interested感興趣的exciting令人激動的 excited感到激動的delighting令人高興的 delighted感到高興的disappointing令人失望的 disappointed感到失望的encouraging令人鼓舞的 encouraged感到鼓舞的pleasing令人愉快的 pleased感到愉快的puzzling令人費解的 puzzled感到費解的satisfying令人滿意的 satisfied感到滿意的surprising令人驚異的 surprised感到驚異的worrying令人擔心的 worried感到擔心的19a1.Therewasaterriblenoise_______thesuddenburstoflight.A.followedB.followingC.tobefollowedD.beingfollowed2.Itwassocoldthattheykeptthefire________allnight.toburn B.burn C.burning D.burnedMultiplechoice:

20a3.Theflowers______sweetinthebotanicgardenattractthevisitorstothebeautyofname.A.tosmell B.smellingC.smelt D.tobesmelt4.Theoldman,______abroadfortwentyyears,isonthewaybacktohismotherland.A.towork B.workingC.tohaveworked D.havingworked21a5.Helookedaroundandcaughtaman_____hishandintothepocketintoapassengerA.putB.tobeputtingC.toputD.putting6.Acookwillbeimmediatelyfiredifheisfound______inthekitchen.smokeB.smokingC.tosmokeD.smoked22a四、

V-ingusedasanadverb:

V-ing詞組可以在句中充當時間、原因、結(jié)果、條件、伴隨、讓步等狀語。23a-ing短語作時間狀語一般置于句首。如：Hearingthebadnews,theycouldn’thelpcrying.=Whentheyheardthebadnews,theycouldn’thelpcrying.當聽到這個不幸的消息時，他們情不自禁地哭了起來。1.作時間狀語收到他的信后，我決定給他回信。

______________________________Idecidedtowriteback.=__________________________,IdecidedtowritebackHavingreceivedhisletterAfterIhadreceivedhisletter，24aAskingaround,Ifindmanypeoplewillingtopayslightlyhigherpricesforthingsthatareenvironmentallyfriendly.__________________,Ifindmanypeoplewillingtopayslightlyhigherpricesforthingsthatareenvironmentallyfriendly.WhenIaskaround25a_________________(observe)theproblemformanyyears,heannouncedthatwearenowfacingthebiggestenvironmentalproblemofourtime._____________________________________years,heannouncedthatwearenowfacingthebiggestenvironmentalproblemofourtime.當現(xiàn)在分詞短語用來表示時間時，可以和when,after等引導的時間狀語從句互換HavingobservedAfterhehadobservedtheproblemformany,_____________________(criticize)bytheteacher,hegaveupsmoking.

被老師批評以后，他把煙戒了HavingbeencriticizedAfterhehadbenncriticized__________________________bytheteacher,hegaveupsmoking26a-ing短語作原因狀語。如：Beingsoangry,hecouldn’tgotosleep.=Because/since/ashewassoangry,hecouldn’tgotosleep.因為太生氣了，他不能入睡。2.作原因狀語Notknowingheraddress,wecouldn’tgetintouchwithhim_____________________________________________________________wecouldn’tgetintouchwithhimAs/Because/Sincewedidn’tknowheradress，27aWearemakingbiggerholesinthenets,________(hope)toavoidcatchingfishthatarenotfullygrown.Wearemakingbiggerholesinthenets,becausewehopetoavoidcatchingfishthatarenotfullygrown.=

____________(notknow)whattodo,Icoulddonothingbutstayathomeandwait.

不知道該做什么，我只好在家里等著____________________________,Icoulddonothingbutstayathomeandwait.hopingNotknowingAsIdidn’tknowwhattodo28a_______________(suffer)fromheartdiseaseforyears,hehadtotakemuchmedicine._________________________________________________,hehadtotakemuchmedicineHavingsufferedAs/Becausehehadsufferedfromheartdeseaseforyears29a-ing作條件狀語置于句首或句末。如：Workinghard,youwillsucceed.

=Ifyouworkhard,youwillsucceed.

如果你勤奮一點，你就會成功。3.作條件狀語注意：__________,

andyouwillsucceed.Workhard30a___________(prepare)fully,wecanachievegreatthings._________________,wecanachievegreatthings.__________________,andwecanachievegreatthings.當現(xiàn)在分詞用來表示條件時，可以和if引導的條件狀語從句互換PreparingIfwepreparefullyPreparefully比較下面三個句子，體味其不同之處第一個句中we的前面可以加一個and嗎？為什么？31aThefactorykeepsreleasingsmoke,makingtheairdirty.Thefactorykeepsreleasingsmoke,———————————（非限制性定語從句）whichmakestheairdirtyShedoesexerciseforanhoureveryday,causinghertokeepaslimfigure.Shedoesexerciseforanhoureveryday,____________hertokeepaslimfigure.Shedoesexerciseforanhoureveryday。____________,shekeepsaslimfigure.4.作結(jié)果狀語whichcausesThefactorykeepsreleasingsmoke.___________theairismadedirty.Asaresult,Asaresult32aThecouplewentshopping.Asaresult,theylefttheireldestdaughteraloneathome.=Thecouplewentshopping,________(leave)theireldestdaughteraloneathome.=Thecouplewentshopping,__________theireldestdaughteraloneathome.(用非限制性定語從句）leavingwhichleft當現(xiàn)在分詞短語用來表結(jié)果時，可以和asaresult引導的結(jié)果狀語從句互換。也相當于which引導一個非限制性定語從句33aTheycameintotheclassroom,singingandlaughing.

=Theysangandlaughed;theycameintotheclassroom.

他們又唱又笑地走進教室。5.作伴隨狀語34aThestudentscamein,______________(follow)theirteacher.Mycousincametoseemefromthecountry,_____________(bring)meafullbasketoffreshfruits.followingbringing35a-ing短語作讓步狀語，可置于句首或句末，常與evenif,though連用。如：6.作讓步狀語Thoughworkingfrommorningtillnight,hisfatherdidn’tgetenoughfood.=Althoughhisfatherworkedfrommorningtillnight,hedidn’tgetenoughfood.雖然他父親從早到晚拼命地干活，但是他還是掙不到足夠的吃的。36aWhen___________(develop)theeconomy,wehavetotakeenvironmentalprotectionintoconsideration.這是一個省略句，請補充完整developing__________________________________,wehavetotakeenvironmentalprotectionintoconsideration.WhenwearedevelopingtheeconomyWhile__________inBeijing,hecametoseemetwice.=__________________________________,hecametoseemetwice.stayingWhilehewasstayinginBeijing思考下面的句子：37a小結(jié):1.連詞+現(xiàn)在分詞短語也可用來表示時間，常用的連詞有when,while,相當于這些連引導的一個從句。38a2.動詞-ing形式在句中作狀語時，其邏輯主語與主句的主語保持一致。39aHetraveledontheplanelikethis,keepingthetortoisehiddeninablanket._______thebadnews,hecouldn’thelpburstingintotears.HeardB.HavingheardC.HearingD.Havingbeenheard_______totheschoolbuilding,thevisitorswereledtoseethelibrary.BeingshownB.ShownC.HavingbeenshownD.Havingshown(keeping的邏輯主語和句子的主語一致，都是he)40a1.a.Hearingthenews,tearsrandownherface.b.Hearingthenews,shecriedoutsadly.2.a.Enteringtheclassroom,Ifoundnobodyinit.b.Enteringtheclassroom,nobodywasfoundinit.3.a.Lookingoutthroughthewindow,thegardenwasbeautiful.b.Lookingoutthroughthewindow,wesawabeautifulgarden.4.a.Readingtheeveningnewspaper,adogstartedbarking.b.Iwasreadingtheeveningnewspaperwhenadogstartedbarking.Choosethecorrectsentence.41a完成主動式1.Havingfinishedherhomework,shewenttobed.2.Havingheardthis,thewomanastronautexpressedhersatisfaction.分詞所表示的動作發(fā)生在句中謂語動詞所表示的動作之前，一般在句中作時間或原因狀語用，不能做定語用。42a一般被動式表示正在發(fā)生的被動動作,在句中作定語或狀語。Thecarbeingrepairedismine.＝Thecarwhichisbeingrepairedismine.Beingrepaired,thecarcan’tbeused.＝As/Becauseitisbeingrepaired,thecarcan’tbeused.43a完成被動式：表示發(fā)生在謂語動作之前的被動動作，在句中多作狀語，不能作定語。Havingbeenpraisedasecondtime,Idecidedtomakestillgreaterprogress.Havingbeenaskedtostay,Icouldn’tverywellleave.44a非謂語動詞的否定式均為not+非謂語動詞

現(xiàn)在分詞的否定形式

not+現(xiàn)在分詞（完成的否定式not放在having之前）Notknowinghowtodyethesilkred,hewenttoherforhelp.Nothavingheardfromhersonforalongtime,themotherworriedagreatdeal.45a一些獨立結(jié)構(gòu)：1.Generally________(speak),wehavelearntalotinthisschool.2._______(judge)fromhisappearance,heissomebody.3._____(tell)youthetruth,yourworkisterrible.speakingJudgingTotell46a1._________areply,hedecidedtowriteasixthletter.A.Notreceiving B.NottoreceiveC.NothavingreceivedD.Havingnotreceived2.Alicereturnedfromthemanager’soffice,_______methatthebosswantedtoseemeatonce.（04全國IV）A.havingtoldB.tellsC.totellD.telling47a3._______inthequeueforhalfanhour,Tomsuddenlyrealizedthathehadlefthiswalletathome.A.Towait B.HavewaitedC.HavingwaitedD.Tohavewaited4.Icouldn’tdomyhomeworkwithallthatnoise____________.A.goingon B.goesonC.wenton D.togoon

48a3._______inthequeueforhalfanhour,Tomsuddenlyrealizedthathehadlefthiswalletathome.A.Towait B.HavewaitedC.HavingwaitedD.Tohavewaited4.Icouldn’tdomyhomeworkwithallthatnoise____________.A.goingon B.goesonC.wenton D.togoon

49a1.Theircarwascaughtinatrafficjam,thus____thedelay.A.tocauseB.causingC.causedD.cause2.The______boywaslastseen______nearthebankofthelake.A.missing;playingB.missing;playC.missed;playedD.missed;toplayExercise50a3.Afterseeingthemovie,_____.A.thebookwasreadbyhim B.thebookmadehimwanttoreaditC.hewantedtoreadthebook D.thereadingofthebookinterestedhim51a4.Thenextmorningshefoundthemaninbed,_____dead.A.lyingB.lieC.layD.laying5.Therewasaterriblenoise____thesuddenburstoflight.A.followedB.followingC.tobefollowedD.beingfollowed52a6.Thesecretaryworkedlateint