2022～2023學(xué)年高三年級模擬試卷英語本試卷分四個部分。滿分150分，考試用時120分鐘。第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Whatdothesignalsshowtoday?A.“Stop”inbothways. B.“Go”inbothways. C.“Stop”inoneway.【答案】A【解析】【原文】M:Thesetrafficsignalsaren’tworkingproperly.Yesterdaytheyshowed“stop”inbothdirections.Thedaybeforeitwas“go”inbothdirections.Itshouldbe“stop”inonewayand“go”intheother.W:Lookatthemnow.They’rebacktohowtheywereyesterday.2.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Wheredidthemangoyesterdayevening?A.Tothehotel. B.Totheairport. C.Totheoffice.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:Ididn’tseeyoulastnightattheoffice.AreyouOK?W:Iwassobusy.FirstIwaslatetomeetmysisterattheairport,andthenwewenttothehotelanditwasfull!M:Ihopeeverything’sOK!3.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Whatdoesthemanprobablywantthewomantodo?A.Gethimanewchickensandwich.B.Bringhimadifferentsandwich.C.Givehimhismoneyback.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:Iapologize.Ineedtoreturnthischickensandwich.It’stotallyundercooked.Youcanseethemeatisnotdone.W:I’msosorry.Iwillhaveourkitchenmakeanewone.M:It’snotnecessary.Ijustwanttoreturnitandgo.4.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Whatdoesthewomansee?A.Abird. B.Apicture. C.Atail.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:Here,takealookatthatone.It’sinthetreeacrossfromus.Idon’tbelieveI’veeverseenitbefore.M:Oh,it’sbeautiful!Accordingtomybook,it’sveryspecialbecauseithasabluetail.Theydon’tnormallylivearoundhere.5.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Wherearethetwospeakers?A.Intheforest. B.Onthebeach. C.Inthemountains.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M:Whatagreatview!Andthesandislikeflour.Itissosoftundermyfeet.Ilikeitalot.W:Ipreferthisplacetothosemountainswithrocksandlittlestones.Itissomuchnicertowanderabouthere.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨(dú)白。每段對話或獨(dú)白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】6.WhydoesthewomanwantthemantowatchBruno?A.Themanisavailableatanytime.B.Shesharesthehousewiththeman.C.Brunoknowstheman.7.WhomightBrunobe?A.Adog B.Acat. C.Amouse.【答案】6.C7.B【解析】【原文】W:AreyouavailablethisweekendtowatchBruno?IhavetogotothecityandIdon’twanttoleavehimalone.Hewilltearapartmyhouse.M:Ican’tthisweekend.I’mactuallygoingtoamusicfestival.Icanaskmyyoungersistertodoit.W:Brunodoesn’tdothatwellwithstrangers.That’swhyIaskedyou.M:It’snotlikeshewouldhavetotakehimoutforwalksoranything.Shejusthastositaroundyourhouse,right?Maybeyoushouldchangealitterboxandfeedhim,unlesshefillsuponamouseorsomething.W:Iguessso.Wait,Idon’thavemice!聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】8.Whendidthemanseethefox?A.Lastnight B.Thismorning C.Yesterdaymorning9.Wherewasthemanwhenhesawthefox?A.AtJamie’shouse. B.Atschool C.Insidehishouse.10.Whatdidthemanfeelabouttheanimal?A.Excited. B.Uninterested. C.Sad【答案】8.A9.C10.A【解析】【原文】M:Sarah,you’llneverbelievewhatIsawyesterdayafterJamie’sparty!W:Whatisit?Youwereactinglikeyousawaspirit.M:ItwasjustbeforemidnightwhenIheardanoiseoutside.WhenIlookedthroughmywindow,Isawawhitefoxrunningacrossthegrassland!HowluckyIwas!W:Awhitefox?Ithoughtthoseonlyliveinreallycoldplaces.M:Ithinkitwasaspecialsnowywhiteanimal.IlookeditupontheInternetthismorningjusttomakesureIwasn’tgoingcrazy.Thefoxes’whitecoathappenswhennoneoftheirfurorskinhasacertainchemicalthatmakesthedarkcolors.Itcanhappentoalmostanyanimal!W:Iamsurprisedwedidnotlearnaboutthatinschool.Iamsoenvious!Nexttimeyoushouldtakeapicture!聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】11.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Theirfavoriteanimals.B.Thedevelopmentofcreatures.C.Thestrangebehaviorsofanimals.12.Whichcreatures’behaviorconfusesthewomanmost?A.Ducks’. B.Kangaroos’. C.Camels’.13.Howmanytypesoffishdoesthewomanmention?A.One. B.Two. C.Three.【答案】11.B12.A13.B【解析】【原文】M:Isn’tthedevelopmentoflifeanamazingthing?Ithinkit’sunbelievablehowcreatureshaveadaptedtotheirsurroundings.W:Yes,lookatkangaroosandcamelswiththeirstrangeshapes.Butonethingthatpuzzlesmethemostishowduckscansitinfreezingwaterandnotgetcold.M:Iseewhatyoumean.Theyarewarmblooded,aren’tthey?W:Andlookatfish.Thereisonewithaswordonitsnoseandonewithahammer.M:Thefunniestkindistheonewithafishingpoleonitsnose.Thatissostrange.W:Andwearerelatedtomonkeys.WhichanimaldoyouthinkImostlooklike?M:IwouldsayalittlemouseratherthanamonkeyWhataboutme?W:Youarelikeafaithfullittledog.M:Hey,dogsaren’tthemostintelligentcreatures.Isupposemicearen’teither,buttheyarequitecute.W:Onceagain,anintelligentconversationturnsintosomethingverysilly!聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】14.WhatdoweknowaboutFred?A.Hehasn’tgotovertheflu.B.Hehasgottwokids.C.Heestoofficeeveryday15.WhoisKaren?A.Theman’swife. B.Theman’scoworker. C.Theman’sdaughter16.Howmanykidsdoesthemanhave?A.One. B.Two. C.Three.17.Whatdoesthemanusuallydoonweekendswithhiskids?A.Givethempianolessons.B.Dointerestingactivitieswiththem.C.Watchamovieallnightlong.【答案】14.B15.A16.A17.B【解析】【原文】W:Morning,Jim.Fredhasbeenoutsickfromtheofficeforafewdaysnow.IsheOK?M:Goodmorning,Lisa.Fredisgettingoverthefluactually.Ihavesenthisworktohimthroughhisemail.Ithinkheactuallyisdoingbetterworkathome,evenwithhistwokidsaround.W:Oh,no!It’swiseforhimtocalloutsickthen.Itwouldbeterribleifeveryoneintheofficegotsicktoo.IfmydaughterHannahgetsillthenmyhusbandwillneedtostayhomewithher,sinceIcannottakeoffsomanydays.Howareyourkids?M:Thekidsaregood.Karenishomewiththemwhilesheisstillonherworkbreakfromhavingthebaby.GrahamandSaraharebothstartingpianolessonsnextweek,though.W:I’msureKarenhasherhandsfullathomewiththetwinsandthebabyPeter.M:Oh,yes.Eventhoughsheistired,shestillsmilessowidewhenIehome.Iamenviousthatshegetstospendsomuchtimewithkids.IalwaysmakesureourweekendsarefulloffunactivitiesIcandowiththem,becausebythetimeIgethometheyarealmostreadyforbed.Usuallywejustwatchamovietogethertilltheyfallasleep.聽下面一段獨(dú)白，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】18.Whatisadifferencebetweenloansandgrants?A.Theuseofthemoney.B.TheneedforpayingbackC.Theamountofavailability.19.Howdoesthewebsitehelpthestudents?A.Bygivinghelponwritingessays.B.Byprovidingawaytofindproperscholarships.C.Byofferingfreelivingadvice.20.Whatinformationisincludedintheformtofillout?A.Collegemajors.B.Collegefunctions.C.Educationlevelandexperience.【答案】18.B19.B20.C【解析】【原文】U.S.egecanbeveryexpensiveintheU.S.Dependingontheirfamilies’financialsituations,studentsmayreceivefinancialaidintheformofloansorgrants.Loansmustbepaidbacktothelender,butgrants(助學(xué)金)areusuallyfreeaidfromeitherthegovernmentortheschoolsthemselvestopayforeducationalexpenses.Anotherformoffinancialhelpisscholarships.Likegrants,theyarefinancialassistancethatdoesnotneedtoberepaid.Scholarshipsareoftengivenbyprivateorganizationsorindividuals.Astudentmustfilloutanapplicationorwriteanessaytobeawardedthescholarship.Scholarshipsareinhighdemand,sothereisusuallyalotofpetition.Therearedifferentkindsofscholarships,andstudentsoftendonotknowwhatfinancialaidcouldbeavailabletothem.Inordertohelpwiththeprocessesofsearchingandapplying,somewebsitessuchasFastWebassiststudentsinfindingscholarshipsthatmatchtheirabilitiesandinterests.FastWeboffersfreescholarshipsearchesaswellasotherschoolandworkrelatedhelpinareaslikegeneralfinancialaidandcareerplanning.Onthewebsite,thereisaformtofillout.Thisprovidesinformationlikeeducationlevel,interests,andexperience.AnotherpopularfeatureofFastWebisthecollegesearchfunction.Studentscanlookupcollegesaccordingtolocation,major,orabinationofthese.第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。ATheChinesewrittenlanguageoriginatedveryearly.However,peoplebegantoliketheartofwriting,andpayattentiontothecreator’sthinkingandspiritsincetheperiodbetweentheLateHanDynastyandWeiJinDynasty.TheChinesecalligraphyfonts(字體)graduallyevolvedfromoracle,Chinesebronzeinscriptionsandsilkmanuscriptstothefollowingfivemainschools:SchoolRepresentativeMasterFeatureSealScriptLiSiThereareBigZhuanandSmallZhuan.TheBigZhuanincludesalltheancientChinesecalligraphyfontsbeforeQinDynasty.TheSmallZhuanarethecharactersmonlyusedbyofficialsafterQinunitedChina.Thesecharactersfeaturebalancedleftandrightpartsandabitplicatedstructures.OfficialScriptCaiYongAsimplifiedformofscriptsincesealcharactersweretooplicatedforofficialstousewhencopyingdocuments.RegularScriptOuyangXun,YanZhenqing,LiuGongquanAlsonamedZhenshuorZhengshu,Kaishuisregularwithatightstructureandfluentstrokes.CursiveHandZhangXu,HuaiSuCaoshuischaracterizedbysketchy,simplifiedformsofcharacters,oftendistortedorexaggeratedtoachieveaninternalrhythmicappearancewithinthepositionsofcharacters.RunningHandWangXizhi,YanZhenqing;SuShiXingshuissomethingbetweentheregularscriptandthecursivescriptsintheinitialperiodandnowisbetweentheofficialscriptandcursive(草寫體的)hand.Chinesemastershavealwaysparedthethreestylesofwriting,Kaishu,Xingshu,Caoshutopeoplestanding,walkingandrunningrespectively.21.ThedifferencebetweenSealScriptandOfficialScriptliesin______.A.thedifficultytowrite B.theirfunctioninuseC.whooftenwrotethem D.howcursivetheyare22.Whichschoolisparedtopeoplewalkingaccordingtothetext?A.OfficialScript. B.RunningHand.C.CursiveHand. D.RegularScript.23.IfyouwanttopracticebothRegularScriptandRunningHand,whoisabetterchoicetochoosebasedonthisarticle?A.OuyangXun. B.YanZhenqing.C.ZhangXu. D.WangXizhi.【答案】21.A22.B23.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。主要介紹了中國的五個書法藝術(shù)流派?！?1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)SealScript中的Thesecharactersfeaturebalancedleftandrightpartsandabitplicatedstructures.(這些字的特點(diǎn)是左右平衡，結(jié)構(gòu)有點(diǎn)復(fù)雜。)和OfficialScript中“Asimplifiedformofscriptsincesealcharactersweretooplicatedforofficialstousewhencopyingdocuments.”（由于篆書過于復(fù)雜，官員在抄寫文件時無法使用，因此簡化了文字形式。）可知，篆書與隸書的區(qū)別在于書寫的難度。故選A項。【22題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)RunningHand中“Chinesemastershavealwaysparedthethreestylesofwriting,Kaishu,Xingshu,Caoshutopeoplestanding,walkingandrunningrespectively.”（中國的大師們總是把楷書、行書、草書這三種文體分別比作人的站立、行走和奔跑。）可知，行書流派被比作人的行走。故選B項。【23題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)RegularScript中“YanZhenqing”以及RunningHand中“YanZhenqing”可知，如果你想同時練習(xí)楷書和行書，根據(jù)這篇文章，你應(yīng)該選擇顏真卿流派。故選B項。BAsmallaccidentledtoprofoundchangesinthelifeofYangLi,anartisan(手藝人),whoisfromtheMiaoethnicgroup.In201l,Yang,fromTongrencityinGuizhouprovince,createdleafvein(脈絡(luò))embroidery(刺繡)threemonthsafteraleafcutherhand.Theworkisaperfectbinationoftraditionalembroiderypatternsandthenaturaltextures(紋理)oftheleavesIthasauniqueaestheticappealoftraditionalembroiderymatchedwiththecharacteristicsofcontemporarycraftsmanship.AsanativeMiaowomanwithaninbornloveofembroidery,Yangopenedafolkcultureproductsshopwithhersisterin2011.“Peoplearebeinglessfamiliarwithtraditionalhandicrafts,andIwanttocontributeallIcantochangethissituation,”Yangsays.Atfirst,thesmallshopdidnotearnasignificantineasthereweremanysimilarproductsonthemarket.Shegraduallyrealizedthatitwasimportanttoestablishherownbrandandlaunchproductswithdistinctfeatures.That’swhenshewasinspiredbythecut.InJuly2011,YangaccidentallycutherhandonathornyleafwhenshewashikinginFanjingMountain.Aboldideacameintoherhead:“Thereareleafveinbookmarksandleafveinpaintings.Whyhasnobodycreatedleafveinembroideryet?”O(jiān)bviously,thereasonbehindthisisthatembroideringonleavesrequiresdelicateskillsthatfewpossess.ThebiggesttechnicalchallengeYangfacedwasimprovingtheflexibilityoftheleavesandmakingthemassoftascloth.OnOct16,adayshewillneverforget,Yangfinallycreatedashiny,thinandunbreakablepieceofleafvein.Herideaofleafveinembroiderycametopletionafterhundredsofexperiments.Twoyearslater,Yangopenedanembroideryprocessingfactoryandofferedjobstomorethan500laidofffemaleworkers,ruralwomenandpeoplewithdisabilities.“Iwillkeepdoingtheleafveinembroideryfortherestofmylifebecauseitismeaningful,”shesays.24.WhatdoweknowaboutYangLi’sfolkcultureproductsshop?A.Itwasinspiredbyacutbyaleafinherhand.B.Itwasafailurebeforeshebegantosellsimilarproducts.C.ItwasintendedtopreservetraditionalChinesehandicrafts.D.ItperfectlybinedtraditionalChinesebooksanddrawings.25.WhatisYangLi’sdifficultyinmakingherleafveinembroidery?A.Findingclothwithveinliketexture.B.Creatinganewembroiderypattern.C.Changingleavesintounbreakablecloth.D.Softeningupleavesforbetterflexibility.26.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesYangLi?A.Ambitiousandinnovative. B.Caringandpatient.C.Persistentanddemanding. D.Humorousandoptimistic.27.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Anembroideryskill. B.Apromisingcareer.C.Aculturalshop. D.Anadmirableartisan.【答案】24.C25.D26.A27.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文，文章主要介紹了一位苗族繡娘楊麗，因手指被樹葉劃破而創(chuàng)作出“葉脈繡”的故事?！?4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“‘Peoplearebeinglessfamiliarwithtraditionalhandicrafts,andIwanttocontributeallIcantochangethissituation,’Yangsays.(人們對于傳統(tǒng)手工藝越來越陌生了，我想盡我所能來改變這種狀況)”可知，楊麗的民俗文化特產(chǎn)店是為了保護(hù)中國的傳統(tǒng)手工藝。故選C?！?5題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中“ThebiggesttechnicalchallengeYangfacedwasimprovingtheflexibilityoftheleavesandmakingthemassoftascloth.(楊麗面臨的最大技術(shù)挑戰(zhàn)是提高葉子的柔韌性，讓它們像布料一樣柔軟)”可知，楊麗在制作葉脈繡時遇到的困境是軟化葉子以獲得更好的靈活性。故選D?！?6題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“In2011,Yang,fromTongrencityinGuizhouprovince,createdleafvein(脈絡(luò))embroidery(刺繡)threemonthsafteraleafcutherhand.(2011年，來自貴州銅仁市的楊女士在一片樹葉割傷了手三個月后創(chuàng)作了葉脈刺繡)”可知，楊麗很有創(chuàng)造性，根據(jù)最后一段“Twoyearslater,Yangopenedanembroideryprocessingfactoryandofferedjobstomorethan500laidofffemaleworkers,ruralwomenandpeoplewithdisabilities.‘Iwillkeepdoingtheleafveinembroideryfortherestofmylifebecauseitismeaningful,’shesays.(兩年后，楊麗開了一家刺繡加工廠，為500多名下崗女工、農(nóng)村婦女和殘疾人提供了就業(yè)機(jī)會。她說：‘我這輩子都會繼續(xù)做葉脈刺繡，因?yàn)樗苡幸饬x?！?”可知，楊麗有野心。故選A?！?7題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)全文內(nèi)容，結(jié)合第一段中“In2011,Yang,fromTongrencityinGuizhouprovince,createdleafvein(脈絡(luò))embroidery(刺繡)threemonthsafteraleafcutherhand.(2011年，來自貴州銅仁市的楊女士在一片樹葉割傷了手三個月后創(chuàng)作了葉脈刺繡)”可知，文章主要介紹了一位苗族繡娘楊麗，因手指被樹葉劃破而創(chuàng)作出“葉脈繡”的故事，她致力于發(fā)展刺繡產(chǎn)業(yè)，幫助傳承民族傳統(tǒng)技藝。故D項“一位令人敬佩的手藝人”能夠總結(jié)文章大意。故選D。CHumanshavealwaysassumedthatthereisahugegulfbetweenanimalbehaviorandhumandevelopment.However,recentresearchintoanimalsshowsthatanimalsarecontinuouslydesigninginnovativemethodstofinishtheirtasks.Examiningthenatureandresultsoftheircreativitycanhelpusunderstandevolution.Researchshowsthatanimalstoocanbecreative.Byinventingnewbehavioralpatternsandadjustingtheirbehaviortonewcontexts,aswellastochangesinsocialandecologicalenvironments,researchersshowthatanimalinnovationtoocanbediverse.Forinstance,chimpanzees(猩猩)usetoolssuchassharpspinesandstalkstoremovetheheartsofpalmvegetablesfromtrees.Herringgulls(鮮魚海鷗)foundoutquiteacruelwayofkillingrabbitsdrowningtheminthesea.Innovativespeciestendtosurvivewhentheyenternewplaces,butnovelbehaviorcannotberecognizedunless“normal”behaviorisstudied.Researcherscannowcountanddocumenttheinnovationsthathavebeencreatedbyspecies,whichwouldhelpthemtoquantifytheircreativity.Studiesalsoshowusthatallanimalsarenotequallyinventive,withprimates(靈長目動物)tendingtobemoreinnovativeduetotheirbiggerbrains.Thegreatestscientificsignificancehasbeentheinnovationshownbyanimalssuchasapes,capuchinsandmacaquesamongprimates.Thesespeciesofprimatespossessthebiggestbrainsinproportiontotheirbodysizes.Theyarealsoheavytoolusers.Theirbroaddietsandplexformsoflearningarealsoinsightful.Theyindicateanevolutionarystrategythatgavethemnewsolutionstolife’schallenges.However,eveniftheseanimalsshowinnovativeness,theydonothavetheabilitytoimproveuponsolutionsofothers.Unlesstheyshareinformationaccuratelyandcopyeachother’sinventions.theircreativeinventionsarelikelytovanishbeforetheycanbeinnovatedfurther.Thisabilitycanbemanagedonlybyhumans,forweareabletobuildonsharedknowledge.28.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“gulf”inthefirstparagraphmean?A.Difference. B.Conflict. C.Balance. D.Connection.29.Whydoestheauthormention“chimpanzees”and“Herringgulls”inParagraph2?A.Theyarebothcreative.B.Theyarebothheavytoolusers.C.Theycreateinnovationsindifferentways.D.Theykillotheranimalsinthesamecruelway.30.Whatcanwelearnaboutanimalcreativity?A.Itisequallydistributedamonganimals.B.Ithelpsanimalsadapttotheenvironment.C.Animals’innovationsareeasytobeidentified.D.Animals’innovationsarefacinghugechallenges.31.Whataspectofanimalsdoesthelastparagraphmainlytalkabout?A.Theirabilitytoshareinformationaccurately.B.Theirwillingnesstolearnfromeachother.C.Theirinabilitytotakecreativityforward.D.Theirunwillingnesstocooperateeffectively.【答案】28.A29.C30.B31.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要講的是研究發(fā)現(xiàn)動物并不像人類一直以來所認(rèn)為的那樣與人類的發(fā)展有著巨大的差距，實(shí)際上動物也是不斷地通過創(chuàng)新來完成它們的任務(wù)的，而這一點(diǎn)進(jìn)一步提高了它們適應(yīng)環(huán)境的能力?！?8題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)文章第一段“However,recentresearchintoanimalsshowsthatanimalsarecontinuouslydesigninginnovativemethodstofinishtheirtasks.(然而，最近對動物的研究表明，動物在不斷地設(shè)計創(chuàng)新的方法來完成它們的任務(wù)。)”可知動物們在完成任務(wù)方面同人類一樣是在不斷創(chuàng)新的，副詞however表示前后意思相反，所以劃線詞所在句子想要表達(dá)的意思是人們一直以來以為動物在行為方面是遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)落后于人類發(fā)展的，即動物行為與人類發(fā)展之間存在很大的差距，所以劃線詞gulf的意思與A項“Difference(差距)”意思相近。故選A項。【29題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Researchshowsthatanimalstoocanbecreative.Byinventingnewbehavioralpatternsandadjustingtheirbehaviortonewcontexts,aswellastochangesinsocialandecologicalenvironments,researchersshowthatanimalinnovationtoocanbediverse.(研究表明，動物也有創(chuàng)造力。通過發(fā)明新行為模式，調(diào)整它們的行為以適應(yīng)新的環(huán)境，以及社會和生態(tài)環(huán)境的變化，研究人員表明，動物的創(chuàng)新也可以是多樣化的。)”可知研究表明，動物的創(chuàng)新也可以是多樣化的，而后文為了證明這一點(diǎn)舉了兩個例子——猩猩和鮮魚海鷗，而這也就說明了猩猩和鮮魚海鷗在以不同的方式進(jìn)行創(chuàng)新。故選C項。【30題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第四段“Theirbroaddietsandplexformsoflearningarealsoinsightful.Theyindicateanevolutionarystrategythatgavethemnewsolutionstolife’schallenges.(它們廣泛的飲食和復(fù)雜的學(xué)習(xí)形式也很有見地。它們表明了一種進(jìn)化策略，為它們提供了應(yīng)對生活挑戰(zhàn)的新方法。)”可知動物的創(chuàng)造力代表了一種進(jìn)化策略，而這種進(jìn)化使得動物們更加靈活地適應(yīng)環(huán)境。故選B項?！?1題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“However,eveniftheseanimalsshowinnovativeness,theydonothavetheabilitytoimproveuponsolutionsofothers.Unlesstheyshareinformationaccuratelyandcopyeachother’sinventions.theircreativeinventionsarelikelytovanishbeforetheycanbeinnovatedfurther.Thisabilitycanbemanagedonlybyhumans,forweareabletobuildonsharedknowledge.(然而，即使這些動物表現(xiàn)出創(chuàng)新能力，它們也沒有能力改進(jìn)其它動物的解決方案。除非它們準(zhǔn)確地共享信息并復(fù)制彼此的發(fā)明。它們的創(chuàng)造性發(fā)明很可能在進(jìn)一步創(chuàng)新之前就消失了。這種能力只能由人類來管理，因?yàn)槲覀兡軌蚪⒃诠蚕碇R的基礎(chǔ)上。)”可知動物不能像人類那樣共享知識，也就意味著它們不能改進(jìn)其它動物的解決方案，所以最后一段主要講的是動物不能改進(jìn)它們的創(chuàng)造力。故選C項。DPersonally,thereisnothingIlovemorethanasking“stupid”questions,especiallytheonesthathavenorightanswers.Irememberonceaskingsomekidswhattimeitwas,athome,inSingapore,andfinallyontheMoon.Afteralonggigglingsilence,finallyashygirlventured(試探地說)tosaythatitwas“everytime”followedbyanenergeticEinsteinwhoshouteditwas“notime”.Bothkidssharedthatweek’sNoblePrize,becausenohumansliveinthatdistantworldandtimeisahumanconstruct.Asamatteroffact,weareallgoodataskingquestionsbynature,butsadlyasweage,wegetaccustomedtotheworldaroundusandtakethingsforgranted.Webecamemoreresultsoriented(注重結(jié)果的)andconcentrateoureffortsonsuccess.Ifsomethingisworking,don’tfixitorworryaboutthecause;justrelaxandgowiththeflow.Conventionalwisdommayworkwell,butthatdoesnotmeanitisalwaysright.Throughouthistory,ithasbeenthosewhohavequestionedconventionalwisdomandthosewhohavechallengedourmonsensenotionsoftheworldthathavebeentheonestohaveusheredin(開)themajoradvancementsofhumancivilization.In500BC,theancientGreekswonderedwhethertheEarthwasroundbecausesailorsontheseahadnoticedthatthefarthersouththeywent,themoredifferentstarstheysawinthesky.Whywastheskychanging?Nearly2,000yearslater,theItalianastronomerGalileoGalileibecameinterestedinthisquestionandendedupdemonstratingthe“crazy”conceptofheliocentrism(日心說),inwhichtheSunliesatthecenteroftheuniversewhiletheEarthrevolves(旋轉(zhuǎn))arounditat30kilometerspersecond.ButiftheEarthisspinningaroundsoquickly,whyaren’twebeingthrownoffofthesurfaceoftheplanet?Theanswertothisquestionwouldnotendupbeingrevealedtousforanothercentury.Peoplelikeroutine,butpastperformanceisnoguaranteeoffutureresults.Whilethosewhochallengeconventionalwisdomtendtobesubjectedtoabuse,theprogressofhumankindwouldhaveotherwisebeenimpossiblewithoutthesepersistentpeopleandtheir“stupid”questions.32.Whatisthebesttitleofthisarticle?A.Asking“stupid”questions.B.Isconventionalwisdomuseless?C.SomemajoradvancementsofhumancivilizationD.Whatcausedthemtoaskconventionalquestions?33.Whatmonlyhappenstouswhenwegrowolderaccordingtotheauthor?A.Welaytoomuchemphasisonprocess.B.Westillrefusetorelaxandgowiththeflow.C.WestarttochallengemonsensenotionsoftheworldD.Wegraduallylosetheabilitytoquestionconventionalwisdom.34.Whomighthavesolvedthequestion“whyaren’twebeingthrownoffofthesurfaceoftheplanet?”A.AnancientGreekscientistlivingin500BCB.GalileoGalileilivingbetween1564and1642.C.IsaacNewtonlivingbetween1643and1727.D.AlbertEinsteinlivingbetween1879and1955.35.Howdoestheauthordevelophiswritingonthewhole?A.Byparisonandcontrast.B.Byusingsupportingexamples.C.Byusingtimeandspaceorder.D.Bygeneralizationanddefinition【答案】32.A33.D34.C35.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是議論文。文章論證了問“愚蠢”的問題的重要性，說明正是那些質(zhì)疑傳統(tǒng)智慧和挑戰(zhàn)我們對世界的常識性觀念的人，引領(lǐng)了人類文明的重大進(jìn)步。【32題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文，并結(jié)合第一段中“Personally,thereisnothingIlovemorethanasking‘stupid’questions,especiallytheonesthathavenorightanswers.(就我個人而言，沒有什么比問“愚蠢”的問題更讓我喜歡的了，尤其是那些沒有正確答案的問題。)”和最后一段中“Whilethosewhochallengeconventionalwisdomtendtobesubjectedtoabuse,theprogressofhumankindwouldhaveotherwisebeenimpossiblewithoutthesepersistentpeopleandtheir‘stupid’questions.(雖然那些挑戰(zhàn)傳統(tǒng)智慧的人往往會受到指責(zé)，但如果沒有這些堅持不懈的人和他們提出的“愚蠢”問題，人類的進(jìn)步就不可能實(shí)現(xiàn)。)”可知，作者認(rèn)為“愚蠢”的問題非常重要，并用舉例的方法說明了“愚蠢”的問題的意義，由此推知“Asking‘stupid’questions.(問“愚蠢”的問題)”是文章最佳標(biāo)題。故選A項?！?3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中“Asamatteroffact,weareallgoodataskingquestionsbynature,butsadlyasweage,wegetaccustomedtotheworldaroundusandtakethingsforgranted.(事實(shí)上，我們天生都善于提問，但可悲的是，隨著年齡的增長，我們已經(jīng)習(xí)慣了周圍的世界，認(rèn)為一切都是理所當(dāng)然的。)”可推知，根據(jù)作者的說法，當(dāng)我們變老時，我們通常會認(rèn)為周圍一切都是理所當(dāng)然的，失去了質(zhì)疑傳統(tǒng)智慧的能力。故選D項?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中“In500BC,theancientGreekswonderedwhethertheEarthwasroundbecausesailorsontheseahadnoticedthatthefarthersouththeywent,themoredifferentstarstheysawinthesky.Whywastheskychanging?Nearly2,000yearslater,theItalianastronomerGalileoGalileibecameinterestedinthisquestionandendedupdemonstratingthe‘crazy’conceptofheliocentrism(日心說)，inwhichtheSunliesatthecenteroftheuniversewhiletheEarthrevolves(旋轉(zhuǎn))arounditat30kilometerspersecond.(公元前500年，古希臘人想知道地球是否是圓的，因?yàn)楹Ｉ系乃謧冏⒁獾?，他們越往南走，他們在天空中看到的不同的星星就越多。為什么天空在變?近2000年后，意大利天文學(xué)家伽利略·伽利萊對這個問題產(chǎn)生了興趣，并最終證明了日心說的“瘋狂”概念，即太陽位于宇宙的中心，而地球以每秒30公里的速度圍繞它旋轉(zhuǎn)。)”可知，伽利略在公元1500年左右提出“日心說”，結(jié)合“ButiftheEarthisspinningaroundsoquickly,whyaren’twebeingthrownoffofthesurfaceoftheplanet?Theanswertothisquestionwouldnotendupbeingrevealedtousforanothercentury.(但如果地球旋轉(zhuǎn)得這么快，為什么我們沒有被甩出地球表面呢?這個問題的答案直到一個世紀(jì)后才揭曉。)”可知，對于為什么我們沒有被甩出地球表面這個問題，是在伽利略提出“日心說”一個世紀(jì)后，即公元1600多年才弄清楚的，由此推知，生于1643年至1727年的艾薩克·牛頓可能是解決這個問題的人。故選C項?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。作者在第二段“Throughouthistory,ithasbeenthosewhohavequestionedconventionalwisdomandthosewhohavechallengedourmonsensenotionsoftheworldthathavebeentheonestohaveusheredin(開)themajoradvancementsofhumancivilization.(縱觀歷史，正是那些質(zhì)疑傳統(tǒng)智慧和挑戰(zhàn)我們對世界的常識性觀念的人，引領(lǐng)了人類文明的重大進(jìn)步。)”中提出觀點(diǎn)，然后在第三段中通過例舉古希臘人和意大利天文學(xué)家伽利略·伽利萊來說明正是質(zhì)疑引領(lǐng)了人類文明的重大進(jìn)步，由此可知作者是通過列舉支撐例證的方式來展開寫作的。故選B項。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Accordingtoa2022report,nearlyaquarterofpeoplehadrelationshipsthatwerenegativelyaffectedbycontradictoryviewsduringCOVIDtime.____innormaltimes,wegainandlosefriendsallthetime.____36____And,onceyoudo,what’sthebestwayforward?Beclearandresponsiblerelate.____lictsovercorevalues,therearemanyreasonswhypeoplestopbeingfriends:maybeyoujustdriftedapartaftergraduating;maybeoneofyouhashitamilestone(parenthoodsay)andtheothercan’trelate.____37____Askyourselfwhyyou’reconsideringendingthefriendship.Next:haveyoutoldthattotheotherperson?Whentoletitfadeaway____38____Headdsthatagradualfadecanbefine—ifbothpartiesareawareit’shappening.Inreality,therearecertainsituationswhereghostingisthebeststrategy.Friendshipscantakeontoxic(有毒的)qualities.Accordingtoonesurvey,84percentofwomenand75percentofmenreporthavinghadarudefriend.____39____FindasilverliningThomas.____owafriendshipends,ithurtstoletgoofsomeoneyoulove.“Strugglingtoacceptthesituationisnormal.”saysThomas.____40____Counterintuitive(違反直覺的)asitmayseem,findingsomethingtobegratefulforintheformerfriendshipcanhelp,anditcanalsosto