題型三閱讀理解中考題型突破（一）選擇填空選擇填空題主要考查學(xué)生通過(guò)閱讀獲取信息、分析信息和處理

信息的綜合運(yùn)用語(yǔ)言的能力，包括閱讀、理解、歸納概括、推理判

斷、對(duì)材料的評(píng)估能力等。所選材料題材多樣（涉及政治、經(jīng)濟(jì)、

社會(huì)文化、風(fēng)俗習(xí)慣、歷史、地理、科學(xué)技術(shù)等方面），體裁豐富

（包括記敘文、說(shuō)明文、議論文、應(yīng)用文等），近年來(lái)出現(xiàn)了書(shū)、

小說(shuō)節(jié)選、非連續(xù)性文本等形式的閱讀材料。其文章長(zhǎng)度一般為

200～300詞，個(gè)別文章達(dá)400～500詞，生詞率不超過(guò)3％，要求考

生的閱讀速度為每分鐘50～70詞。

1.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。針對(duì)此類(lèi)題型，需要在有限的時(shí)間內(nèi)運(yùn)用略讀、掃讀、跳讀等技巧快速

閱讀，發(fā)現(xiàn)文章中的細(xì)節(jié)信息，然后遵循由整體到細(xì)節(jié)的原則，把握作

者的思路，按全文→段落→詞語(yǔ)的步驟來(lái)解題。具體解題技巧如下：（1）搜尋直接答案：關(guān)鍵詞定位法。根據(jù)題干的關(guān)鍵信息，在文章中

尋找相關(guān)的語(yǔ)句，與題干核對(duì)信息，得出正確的答案。（2）搜尋間接答案：轉(zhuǎn)換相關(guān)語(yǔ)句法。根據(jù)題干的關(guān)鍵信息，在文章

中尋找相關(guān)段落與句子，并轉(zhuǎn)換為選項(xiàng)中的表述，核對(duì)選項(xiàng)的意思與文

章的意思是否一致。2.推理判斷題。此類(lèi)試題要求學(xué)生對(duì)文章中的內(nèi)容及作者的思路做出合理的判斷和推

理，也就是要運(yùn)用邏輯推理能力推斷出蘊(yùn)含在文章中卻沒(méi)有明說(shuō)的事實(shí)

及暗示的含義。具體解題技巧如下：（1）根據(jù)上下文的邏輯得出結(jié)論。邏輯推論是指嚴(yán)格根據(jù)文章中所陳述的事實(shí)、論點(diǎn)、例證等一系列論據(jù)

材料進(jìn)行推理，從而得出合乎邏輯的結(jié)論。解答這類(lèi)試題的前提是獲得

短文的主題思想或列舉的具體事實(shí)，然后按題目的要求進(jìn)行推斷。（2）根據(jù)作者的思想傾向和感情色彩判斷觀點(diǎn)和態(tài)度。所謂作者的觀點(diǎn)和態(tài)度，就是表達(dá)作者對(duì)某個(gè)話題、行為、事件的看

法、感覺(jué)或判斷。作者的觀點(diǎn)和態(tài)度一般分為三大類(lèi)：支持、贊同、樂(lè)

觀；客觀、中立；反對(duì)、批評(píng)、懷疑、悲觀。作者的這種思想傾向和感

情色彩往往隱含在文章的字里行間。因此，在推斷過(guò)程中，應(yīng)該特別注

意文中作者的措辭，尤其是表達(dá)感情色彩的形容詞或副詞。（3）根據(jù)文章體裁和內(nèi)容推斷文章出處。判斷文章出處的題目應(yīng)從文章的體裁和內(nèi)容來(lái)著手。一般來(lái)說(shuō)，報(bào)紙上

的新聞前面會(huì)出現(xiàn)日期、地點(diǎn)、通訊社名稱(chēng)等；廣告類(lèi)文章因其格式特

殊，容易辨認(rèn)；產(chǎn)品說(shuō)明類(lèi)文章，如器皿、設(shè)備的使用說(shuō)明會(huì)有產(chǎn)品名

稱(chēng)或操作方式，而藥品的服用說(shuō)明會(huì)告知服用時(shí)間、次數(shù)、藥量等；來(lái)

自網(wǎng)絡(luò)的文章一般比較新穎，時(shí)效性強(qiáng)。3.詞義猜測(cè)題。此類(lèi)試題的目的在于檢測(cè)學(xué)生利用上下文理解詞的能力。具體解題技巧

如下：（1）根據(jù)上下文語(yǔ)境猜測(cè)詞義。有些單詞或短語(yǔ)不能直接猜測(cè)出其意

思，但可以根據(jù)上下文提示來(lái)進(jìn)行推測(cè)。（2）通過(guò)定義、定語(yǔ)（從句）、同位語(yǔ)（從句）及舉例來(lái)猜測(cè)詞義。

作者為了更好地表達(dá)思想，在文章中會(huì)對(duì)一些重要的概念、難懂的術(shù)語(yǔ)

或詞匯等進(jìn)行解釋。這些解釋提供的信息具有明確的針對(duì)性，利用它們

猜測(cè)詞義比較容易。如果生詞是句子或段落所解釋的詞，理解句子或段

落本身就是推斷詞義。（3）通過(guò)構(gòu)詞法來(lái)猜測(cè)詞義。有些生詞很難通過(guò)上下文來(lái)推測(cè)其詞

義，而它們對(duì)文章的理解又有著舉足輕重的作用。此時(shí)，掌握一些常用

的詞根、前綴、后綴等構(gòu)詞法知識(shí)就很容易推測(cè)。4.信息排序題。解題步驟如下：（1）通讀文章每段的首句（如果首句沒(méi)有相關(guān)信息則讀第二句和最后

一句），理解段落大意和段落之間的邏輯關(guān)系，確定語(yǔ)篇模式。（2）仔細(xì)閱讀給出的選項(xiàng)，檢查句子的意思與段落大意是否一致，排

除不合理的選項(xiàng)。（3）閱讀余下合理的選項(xiàng)，確定其在文章中的段落并標(biāo)注。（4）聯(lián)系上下文，檢查文理是否通順。解題方法和技巧：（1）先易后難。選擇自己最熟悉、最明顯的答案先填，根據(jù)“先易后

難”的原則逐個(gè)選填。（2）詞語(yǔ)呼應(yīng)。一般情況下文章中出現(xiàn)的單詞與選項(xiàng)句子中的單詞總

會(huì)有一些必然的聯(lián)系。（3）上下文聯(lián)系。這種題所采用的語(yǔ)段一般都是在上句與下句或上半

句與下半句之間有一定的對(duì)應(yīng)關(guān)系，我們只要抓住它們的對(duì)應(yīng)關(guān)系就可

以解答這種題了。5.主旨/段落大意、標(biāo)題歸納和寫(xiě)作意圖題。此類(lèi)試題要求學(xué)生在閱讀和理解全文的基礎(chǔ)上對(duì)文章或段落進(jìn)行歸納、

概括或評(píng)價(jià)。解答此類(lèi)試題時(shí)，不能只憑文中的只言片語(yǔ)而斷章取義。

在涉及文章的主題（main

idea）、結(jié)論（conclusion）、結(jié)局（end）等

有關(guān)問(wèn)題時(shí)，需要在精讀全文的基礎(chǔ)上，結(jié)合所學(xué)語(yǔ)言知識(shí)、背景知

識(shí)、生活常識(shí)等進(jìn)行邏輯推理和判斷，從而挖掘出文章中隱含的信息。

具體解題技巧如下：（1）關(guān)注核心及高頻詞匯。在閱讀文章時(shí)，要注意文章中反復(fù)出現(xiàn)或

強(qiáng)調(diào)的信息，尋找與文章大多數(shù)內(nèi)容相關(guān)的信息，找出覆蓋全文的核心

詞匯，看選項(xiàng)內(nèi)容是否切合文章的中心論題。（2）根據(jù)主題句提煉標(biāo)題。標(biāo)題對(duì)文章的主題具有概括性，因此尋找

文章的主題句是解答標(biāo)題歸納題的核心。主題句通常在文章首段，但是

也可能在文章的末段、在文章的某一段落，或者分散在文章的各個(gè)段落

中。如果每個(gè)段落都有主題句，那么把各段落的主題句的中心思想集中

起來(lái)，即為全文的主題句。When

Mark

walked

empty-handed

up

the

sand，

the

sun

was

shining

brightly.

The

watching

children

were

as

disappointed

as

he

was.

They

looked

at

each

other

and

spoke

softly

so

he

couldn’t

hear.“Is

that

all？”“Is

he

giving

up？”閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、

B、

C、

D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳

答案。A（2023·鹽城）But

Mark

wasn’t

giving

up.

He

rested

onthe

hot

sand.

He

ate

some

chocolate

biscuits

and

fed

energy

back

into

his

body.

Slowly

his

strength

and

determination

returned.

“Would

the

crayfish（鰲蝦）

still

be

there？”

he

wondered.Mark

knew

crayfish

usually

hid

in

the

darkness

beneath

rocks，

only

coming

out

at

night

to

feed.

How

long

would

his

crayfish

remain

there

before

it

went

back

under

the

rocks？Mark

forced

himself

to

be

patient.

He

lay

on

his

back

in

the

sun，

eyes

closed，

nearly

asleep.

Excitement

and

speed

would

only

waste

energy.

Finally

Mark

rose

and

went

back

into

the

water.The

children，

watching

from

the

shore，

were

silent.

They

waited，

twisting（纏繞）

curls

of

hair

in

their

fingers，

digging

their

teeth

into

their

knees.Out

in

the

bay，

the

crayfish

was

still

there.

Its

feelers

moved

in

the

currents（水流）.Mark

took

long，

slow，

deep

breaths.

He

cheered

himself

up

with

encouraging

words，

“I

can

do

it.

I

can.

I

can

do

it.”

Over

and

over

he

told

himself，

hoping

his

mind

would

get

the

idea

and

believe

it.Down

he

dived.

Down.

Down.

Down.

Lungs

bursting，

ears

popping，

eyes

painful.

Nearly

there.

Pressure（壓力）.

Pressure.

He

reached

out

his

hands.

Reaching.

Reaching.

But

it

was

no

good.

He

couldn’t

make

it.

Only

an

arm’s

length

away，

but

he

couldn’t

reach

the

crayfish.Up

he

went.

Tired，

burning，

disap

pointed，

annoyed.

Floating

on

the

surface，

he

told

himself

off.“You

hurried

too

much.

Take

your

time.

Prepare

yourself.

Don’t

dive

until

everything

feels

right，”

he

spoke

to

himself

calmly，

and

he

felt

the

confidence

building

up

inside

him.“I

can

do

it.

I

can

do

it.”

He

felt

good.

It

was

going

to

be

a

good

dive.

Breathing

deeply，

relaxing，

concentrating.

Three

more

breaths.

One，

two，

three.

Down！1.

What

was

the

weather

like

in

the

story？A.

Sunny.B.

Windy.C.

Cloudy.D.

Foggy.解析：1.

A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)the

sun

was

shining

brightly可知，這一天天氣晴朗。2.

What

does

the

underlined

word

“beneath”

in

Paragraph

5mean？A.

Above.B.

Under.C.

Beside.D.

Behind.解析：2.

B詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)“...only

coming

out

at

night

to

feed.

How

long

would

his

crayfish

remain

there

before

it

went

back

under

the

rocks？”可推知，螯蝦通常躲在巖石下面。under和beneath意思相近。3.

From

the

underlined

sentence，

we

can

see

the

children

were

.A.

tiredB.

excitedC.

amazedD.

nervous解析：3.

D推理判斷題。根據(jù)“...twisting

curls

...their

knees.”可知，作者通過(guò)“用手指捻著卷發(fā)，用牙齒咬著膝蓋”的動(dòng)作描寫(xiě)來(lái)說(shuō)明孩子們此時(shí)的心情是緊張的。4.

What

can

we

learn

from

the

last

two

paragraphs？A.

Mark

caught

the

crayfish

at

last.B.

Mark

was

building

up

his

con－fidence.C.

Mark

lost

heart

and

planned

to

give

up.D.

Mark

hurried

to

dive

when

everything

was

right.解析：4.

B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。通讀文章最后兩段，尤其根據(jù)“...he

spoke

to

himself

calmly，

and

he

felt

the

confidence

building

up

inside

him.”可

知，他在建立自信。5.

What’s

the

main

idea

of

the

story？A.

What

Mark

ate

to

get

his

energy

back.B.

What

Mark

did

to

reduce

his

pressure.C.

How

Mark

kept

trying

to

get

the

crayfish.D.

How

Mark

prepared

himself

well

for

diving.解析：5.

C主旨大意題。通讀全文可知，文章主要講述了馬克為得到螯蝦所做的努力。B（2024·鹽城）Taking

Root

How

many

kinds

of

plants

are

there

in

the

world？

Lucy

Braun

wondered

that

as

a

child.

She

showed

great

interest

in

plants

at

a

young

age.

She

often

had

energetic

walks

with

her

family

through

the

nearby

woods.

Some

plants

and

wildflowers

seemed

to

shout

at

her

with

their

wild

colours.

Others

hid

behind

rocks.

Lucy

looked

at

the

shapes

of

leaves

as

she

walked

in

the

woods.

She

kept

a

record

of

what

she

saw.

She

also

learnt

to

draw

what

she

saw.

Then

she

could

compare

all

kinds

of

plants.

Later，

Lucy

grew

more

and

more

interested

in

botany，

the

study

of

plants.Branching

OutAt

university，

Lucy

took

classes

in

geology，

or

the

study

of

rocks

and

minerals.

Her

work

with

geologists

changed

how

she

looked

at

the

natural

world.

She

continued

her

studies

in

botany

as

well.

Lucy

also

took

classes

in

ecology（生態(tài)學(xué)）.

Lucy

believed

that

plant

life

in

some

areas

was

ableto

move

to

other

places

over

time.In

Full

BloomIn

1917，

Lucy

began

to

teach

botany

at

a

university.

She

lived

in

a

house

near

the

woods.

Lucy

collected

plants

from

all

around

the

country.

She

took

many

photos

of

them

too.

Colour

photography

was

still

new

then.

Because

of

that，

people

enjoyed

her

lessons

and

photos

a

lot.Later

in

her

life，

Lucy

wrote

many

field

guides.

In

1950，

she

published

her

most

important

guide.

It

describes

the

plants

in

the

forests

across

the

country.

Ecologists

still

use

it

to

study

changes

in

the

forests

over

time.The

▲

of

Labour（勞動(dòng)）Today，

Lucy

has

a

few

plants

named

after

her.

One

of

them

is

Lucy

Braun’s

snakeroot，

which

is

now

in

danger.

Lucy’s

work

in

the

protection

of

nature

may

help

prevent

its

disappearance.Lucy

Braun

lived

to

be

81.

In

her

years

as

a

botanist，

Lucy

collected

nearly

12，000

plants！1.

What

can

we

learn

from

the

underlined

sentence

in

Paragraph

1？A.

The

plants

appeared

to

be

full

of

life.B.

The

plants

could

talk

just

like

humans.C.

The

plants

seemed

to

be

angry

with

Lucy.D.

The

plants

were

looked

after

well

by

Lucy.解析：1.

A推理判斷題。植物的顏色非常鮮艷，仿佛在向她呼喊，說(shuō)明這些植物看起來(lái)充滿了生機(jī)。A.

The

reason

why

Lucy

liked

plants.B.

The

way

Lucy

studied

plants.C.

The

time

when

Lucy

noticed

plants.D.

The

special

plants

Lucy

collected.2.

What

does

Paragraph

2mainly

tell

us？解析：2.

B段落大意題。通讀第二段可知，第二段主要講述了露西在大學(xué)期間學(xué)習(xí)地質(zhì)學(xué)和生態(tài)學(xué)，并通過(guò)和地質(zhì)學(xué)家一起工作來(lái)研究植物的經(jīng)歷。3.

Which

of

the

following

can

be

put

in

“

▲

”

in

the

last

part？A.

CausesB.

RecordsC.

FlowersD.

Fruits解析：3.

D推理判斷題。露西晚年寫(xiě)了許多野外指南，并在1950年出版了她最重要的指南，這個(gè)指南描述了全國(guó)各地森林中的植物，生態(tài)學(xué)家仍然使用這個(gè)指南來(lái)研究森林隨時(shí)間的變化。因此最后一部分講的是勞動(dòng)成果，故Fruits最為合適。4.

What

can

be

the

best

title

for

the

passage？A.

The

protection

of

the

plantsB.

The

collection

of

the

plantsC.

The

story

of

a

great

scientistD.

The

lesson

by

a

scientist解析：4.

C標(biāo)題概括題。整篇文章講述了一位偉大的植物學(xué)家露西的故事。因此，選項(xiàng)C是最合適的標(biāo)題。（二）信息還原

“六選五”題型的模式為：給出一篇缺少五個(gè)句子的文章，對(duì)應(yīng)有

六個(gè)選項(xiàng)，要求學(xué)生根據(jù)文章結(jié)構(gòu)和內(nèi)容，選出正確的句子，填入相應(yīng)

的空白處。該題型主要考查學(xué)生對(duì)文章的整體內(nèi)容和結(jié)構(gòu)以及上下文邏

輯意義的理解和掌握。要求學(xué)生從整體上把握文章的邏輯結(jié)構(gòu)和內(nèi)容上

的聯(lián)系，理解句子之間、段落之間的關(guān)系，對(duì)諸如連貫性、一致性等語(yǔ)

段特征有較強(qiáng)的意識(shí)和熟練的把握。1.在閱讀過(guò)程中，要注意文章的開(kāi)始與結(jié)束段落，尤其是文章的首段

末句及末段末句，因?yàn)椤伴_(kāi)門(mén)見(jiàn)山”與“結(jié)尾總結(jié)”的寫(xiě)作方式較為常

見(jiàn)。首段的末句一般是全文的主題所在，說(shuō)明本文將探討哪些內(nèi)容，并

簡(jiǎn)要指出文章的寫(xiě)作思路，有時(shí)甚至?xí)蕴峋V的形式呈現(xiàn)。首段的末句

對(duì)于快速掌握文章的主題具有重要意義，如果它是文章的主題句，就可

以使讀者迅速明確文章情節(jié)將如何展開(kāi)，并對(duì)文章的寫(xiě)作主題有整體的

了解。如果末句不是主題句，則需要繼續(xù)尋找。這時(shí)，可以考慮文章的

寫(xiě)作方式是否為“結(jié)尾總結(jié)”式，若兩者均可排除，則需在文章其他段

落尋找主題句，但要注意首段與末段的提示作用。2.邊讀邊做題，重點(diǎn)閱讀各個(gè)空白處附近的句子，圈定線索詞，然后

從選項(xiàng)中尋找相關(guān)的特征詞，以確定答案。做題時(shí)可以采用代入排除

法。如果有一題做不出來(lái)或拿不準(zhǔn)，可先放過(guò)，繼續(xù)往下讀，先做容易

的、能做出的題，直到讀完整篇文章。至此，文章的要點(diǎn)和主旨、各個(gè)

段落之間的邏輯關(guān)系應(yīng)基本清楚了。將所選項(xiàng)放入空白處，看看是否與

上下文構(gòu)成語(yǔ)義及邏輯上的直接關(guān)系，是否符合該處語(yǔ)境。一篇文章作為一個(gè)整體，有其寫(xiě)作的線索與思路，在選項(xiàng)定位時(shí)，要尤

其注意文章的寫(xiě)作線索以及文章寫(xiě)作思路的連貫性，使文章的每個(gè)段

落、每個(gè)句子甚至每個(gè)短語(yǔ)均融為一體。如果代入選項(xiàng)后，發(fā)現(xiàn)文章寫(xiě)

作線索中斷或是前后矛盾，應(yīng)更換其他選項(xiàng)。3.在完成選項(xiàng)定位后，應(yīng)通讀全文，檢查文章內(nèi)容是否完整，語(yǔ)義

是否連貫、合理，各段落內(nèi)容是否緊扣主題，語(yǔ)篇結(jié)構(gòu)是否通順連

貫、具有一致性、合乎邏輯，寫(xiě)作思路是否清晰明了，格式以及用

語(yǔ)是否恰當(dāng)貼切，從而判斷選擇的答案是否正確。同時(shí)，我們還應(yīng)

注意對(duì)相近選項(xiàng)的對(duì)比分析。個(gè)別干擾項(xiàng)由于與某個(gè)正確選項(xiàng)的內(nèi)

容相近，具有很強(qiáng)的干擾性，這時(shí)我們要認(rèn)真分析，仔細(xì)甄別，排

除干擾，從而得出正確選項(xiàng)。要特別注意，除非有充分的理由否定之前的選擇，否則不要倉(cāng)促更改。

只要前兩步動(dòng)了腦筋，第一印象往往可信度很高。4.具體解題技巧如下：（1）從意思上判斷。在做題時(shí)最重要的是要讀懂空格前后的句子，明白這幾句話的確切意

思，然后根據(jù)意思的連貫性或邏輯性從選項(xiàng)中選取正確答案。在讀懂意

思的基礎(chǔ)上，再利用線索特征詞等進(jìn)一步確認(rèn)答案。（2）從詞匯上鎖定線索。做題時(shí)很重要的一點(diǎn)是保持對(duì)一些線索詞的敏感度，最主要的線索特征

詞往往是空格前后的名詞和動(dòng)詞，尋找答案時(shí)注意在選項(xiàng)中查找同義

詞、近義詞、反義詞或表示同一類(lèi)事物的詞語(yǔ)等。其次是代詞、數(shù)詞、

表示時(shí)間/年代的詞、地點(diǎn)/名稱(chēng)等。尤其是在讀不懂句子的情況下，利

用這樣的線索詞尋找答案是很有效的方法。（3）從關(guān)聯(lián)詞上查找。英語(yǔ)的句段之間經(jīng)常會(huì)運(yùn)用關(guān)聯(lián)詞表示銜接和過(guò)渡，使文章邏輯更

清楚和連貫，因此文章和選項(xiàng)中表示各種邏輯關(guān)系的標(biāo)志性信號(hào)詞

在選擇答案時(shí)都是很重要的線索。在做題時(shí)可將這三個(gè)層面的線索

很好地結(jié)合起來(lái)。例如，在看到表示并列或遞進(jìn)關(guān)系的關(guān)聯(lián)詞時(shí)，

一般表示前后句子的名詞或句意具有同指性；表示轉(zhuǎn)折讓步關(guān)系的

詞則往往表示前后句子的句意對(duì)立，或褒貶對(duì)立或肯否對(duì)立；而表

示例證關(guān)系的詞則意味著在舉例之前或之后有表述概念或某一觀點(diǎn)

的句子。常見(jiàn)的關(guān)聯(lián)詞有下面這些：①并列與遞進(jìn)關(guān)系and、

or、

also、

“neither

...nor

...”

“either

...or

...”、

in

the

same

way、

that

is

to

say、

as

well

as、

“the

same

...as”、

besides、

moreover、

in

addition

to、

what

is

more等。②因果關(guān)系because、

for、

since、

as、

therefore、

so、

“so

...that”、

thanks

to、

as

a

result、

because

of、

for

this

reason等。③轉(zhuǎn)折、讓步關(guān)系but、

however、

yet、

on

the

other

hand、

unfortunately、

while、

rather

than、

instead

of、

although、

though、

even

though、

even

if等。④時(shí)間關(guān)系at

first、

at

last、

finally、

first、

firstly、

in

the

first

place、

to

start

with、

in

the

mean－time、

last、

later、

next、

second、

secondly、

then、

third、

thirdly、

to

begin

with以及一些具體的時(shí)間。（4）根據(jù)空格所在的不同位置確定不同的解題策略。①如果空格在段首（a）通常是段落主題句。認(rèn)真閱讀后文內(nèi)容，根據(jù)段落一致性原則，

查找同義詞或其他相關(guān)的詞，推斷出主題句。（b）與后文是并列、轉(zhuǎn)折、因果關(guān)系等。著重閱讀后文第一、二句，

鎖定線索信號(hào)詞，然后在選項(xiàng)中查找相關(guān)特征詞。通常正確答案與空格

后的第一句在意思上是緊密銜接的，因此這兩句間會(huì)有某種銜接手段。（c）段落間的過(guò)渡句。這時(shí)要在上下文找提示，即閱讀上一段結(jié)尾部

分，將正確答案與上一段結(jié)尾銜接起來(lái)，并結(jié)合下一段內(nèi)容，看所選的

答案能否將兩段內(nèi)容連貫起來(lái)。②如果空格在段尾（a）空格前的一句或兩句是重點(diǎn)語(yǔ)句，重點(diǎn)閱讀以鎖定關(guān)鍵詞。（b）通常是結(jié)論、概括性語(yǔ)句。注意在選項(xiàng)中查找表示結(jié)果、結(jié)論、

總結(jié)等的信號(hào)詞，如therefore、

as

a

result、

in

a

word等詞語(yǔ)，選項(xiàng)中也

可能發(fā)現(xiàn)前文的同義詞句。（c）與前文是轉(zhuǎn)折或?qū)Ρ汝P(guān)系。此時(shí)要注意在選項(xiàng)中查找表示轉(zhuǎn)折、

對(duì)比的關(guān)聯(lián)詞，同時(shí)注意選項(xiàng)中所講內(nèi)容能否與前文在同一主題上形成

對(duì)立、對(duì)比關(guān)系。（d）與前文是并列或排比關(guān)系。在這種情況下，通常是該段落要求補(bǔ)

全說(shuō)明本段主題的其他細(xì)節(jié)，因此根據(jù)段落一致性原則，在原文和選項(xiàng)

中找到相關(guān)的特征詞，通常在選項(xiàng)中會(huì)出現(xiàn)表示并列/遞進(jìn)關(guān)系的關(guān)聯(lián)

詞或與前文類(lèi)似的句式結(jié)構(gòu)，或出現(xiàn)同義詞等其他信號(hào)線索?？崭袂暗?/p>

一句與正確答案是緊密相連的。要特別注意閱讀這樣相連的兩句，通常

會(huì)找到關(guān)鍵的線索詞句。（e）所選答案是引出下一段的內(nèi)容。如果在選項(xiàng)中找不出與前文之間

的關(guān)聯(lián)，此時(shí)可考慮與下一段的開(kāi)頭是否有一定的銜接性。認(rèn)真閱讀下

一段開(kāi)頭幾句，看能否與選項(xiàng)的最后一句緊密連接起來(lái)。（f）如果第一段的段尾是空格，要認(rèn)真閱讀，看此處是細(xì)節(jié)還是主

題。通常文章第一段要提出文章的主題，如果在段尾提出主題，會(huì)用一

些信號(hào)詞，如轉(zhuǎn)折詞等引出來(lái)，正確答案中應(yīng)有這樣的特征詞。閱讀下面短文，從選給選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，使短

文通順，結(jié)構(gòu)完整，其中有一項(xiàng)是多余選項(xiàng)。A.

Do

something

of

value.B.

Others

can

decide

your

future.C.

Some

lucky

people

get

it

right

first

time.D.

So

be

sure

that

you

are

the

one

who

makes

that

decision.E.

It

could

be

a

job

that

helps

other

people

in

the

community.F.

If

you

are

very

active，

don’t

choose

an

office

job，

even

if

the

pay

is

good.A（2023·鹽城）Choosing

a

career

isn’t

always

easy，

but

there

are

still

some

tips

you

can

take

to

help

make

up

your

mind.Don’t

let

other

people

decide

what

you

should

do.Sometimes

adults

may

want

you

to

become

a

doctor，

or

work

in

banking，

or

be

ateacher.

Listen

to

them，

but

remember

it’syour

life

and

that

it’s

your

decision.

1.

_________

_

It’s

true

that

things

like

salary

are

important，

but

don’t

let

them

lead

you

down

the

wrong

path.

Follow

your

heart

and

your

personality.

2.

If

you

don’t

like

work

which

needs

lots

of

attention

to

detail，

think

long

and

hard

before

you

decide

to

do

something

like

applying

to

study

engineering

at

university.Consider

what

you

are

good

at.3.

They

start

a

job，

love

it

straight

away

and

stick

at

it.

But

it

isn’t

always

like

that.

So

remember

that

you

areallowed

to

change

your

mind.

It’s

not

necessary

to

worry

for

years.

Maybe

your

first

job

doesn’t

turn

out

to

be

suitable

for

you.

Maybe

the

right

job

for

you

is

right

around

the

corner！Your

first

decision

isn’t

forever.4.

________

Some

people

choose

their

career

simply

because

they

think

they’ll

make

huge

amounts

of

money.

OK，

if

that

is

what

you

want.

But，

generally，

people

get

more

satisfaction

out

of

their

career

if

they

feel

they

are

doing

something

valuable

for

others.

It

doesn’t

have

to

be

charity

work.

5.

Just

don’t

forget

that

job

satisfaction

isn’t

only

about

money.1.

D根據(jù)小標(biāo)題及空前的it’s

your

decision可知，

D選項(xiàng)“所以確保你

是做決定的人?！狈险Z(yǔ)境。2.

F根據(jù)上文中“Follow

your

heart

and

your

personality.”及下文中

“If

you

don’t

like

...”并結(jié)合選項(xiàng)可知，

F選項(xiàng)“如果你很活躍，不要

選擇辦公室工作，即使工資很好?！边M(jìn)一步舉例解釋?zhuān)⒑魬?yīng)下文，符

合語(yǔ)境。3.

C

C選項(xiàng)和小標(biāo)題形成對(duì)比且空后的“They

start

a

job，

love

it

straight

away

and

stick

at

it.”是對(duì)C選項(xiàng)的進(jìn)一步解釋?！纠}解析】4.

A選項(xiàng)A與本段中提及的“...people

get

more

satisfaction

out

of

their

career

if

they

feel

they

are

doing

something

valuable

for

others.”相呼應(yīng)，

符合語(yǔ)境。5.

E

E選項(xiàng)和與空前的“It

doesn’t

have

to

be

charity

work.”相呼應(yīng)，

符合語(yǔ)境。A.

Taking

it

out

on

others

never

solves

any

problem.B.

Once

you

talk

about

anger，

those

bad

feelings

usually

start

to

go

away.C.

Here

is

an

important

way

to

deal

with

anger.D.

Anger

is

just

another

emotion

we

have.E.

But

anger

must

be

released（釋放）

in

the

right

way.F.

Don’t

let

anger

be

the

boss

of

you.B（2023·沭陽(yáng)如東實(shí)驗(yàn)學(xué)校模擬）Have

you

ever

lost

your

temper？

Did

you

shout

or

scream

at

those

around

you，

even

people

you

like

or

love？

Did

you

want

to

break

something

or

hit

someone？Everyone

gets

angry.

We

have

lots

of

feelings.

At

different

times，

we

may

be

happy，

sad

or

jealous.

1.______

It’s

perfectly

okay

to

be

angry

at

times.

In

fact，

it’s

important

to

get

angry

some

times.

Anger

can

even

be

a

good

thing.

When

you

are

treated

unfairly，

anger

can

help

you

stand

up

for

yourself.2.

Some

people

keep

their

anger

hidden

deep

inside.

If

you

do

this，

you

might

get

a

headache

or

your

stomach

might

start

to