魯教版八年級下冊英語Unit8Whataretheshirtsmadeof?語法知識與鞏固訓練學案被動語態(tài)核心要點一、被動語態(tài)的基本結構被動語態(tài)由“be動詞+及物動詞的過去分詞”構成，時態(tài)通過be動詞變化體現：一般現在時：am/is/are+過去分詞例：TeaisgrowninChina.（中國種植茶葉。）一般過去時：was/were+過去分詞例：Thisbridgewasbuiltin1990.（這座橋建于1990年。）一般將來時：willbe+過去分詞例：Theprojectwillbefinishednextmonth.（項目將于下月完成。）現在完成時：have/hasbeen+過去分詞例：Theproblemhasbeensolved.（問題已被解決。）二、被動語態(tài)的使用場景強調動作承受者：例：Thesongislovedbyteenagers.（這首歌深受青少年喜愛。）動作執(zhí)行者未知或不重要：例：Windowsaremadeofglass.（窗戶由玻璃制成。）客觀描述科學事實或普遍現象：例：Plasticisusedwidelyindailylife.（塑料廣泛應用于日常生活。）三、被動語態(tài)中的介詞搭配bemadeof（可見原材料）例：Thetableismadeofwood.（桌子由木頭制成?！芸闯瞿举|）bemadefrom（不可見原材料）例：Paperismadefromwood.（紙由木頭制成?！床怀瞿绢^）bemadein（產地）例：ThesecarsaremadeinGermany.（這些汽車產自德國。）bemadeby（制作者）例：Thecakewasmadebymymother.（蛋糕是我媽媽做的。）四、特殊被動結構帶雙賓語的被動語態(tài)（人或物均可作主語）：主動：Theygavehimaprize.被動1：Hewasgivenaprize.被動2：Aprizewasgiventohim.情態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài)：情態(tài)動詞+be+過去分詞例：Theenvironmentmustbeprotected.（環(huán)境必須被保護。）綜合實戰(zhàn)演練一、單項選擇1．Thesebeautifulkites______inWeifangeveryyear.A．makeB．makesC．aremadeD．ismade2．—Whatistheringmadeof?—It______silver.A．ismadeofB．ismadefromC．ismadeinD．madeby3．TheGreatWall______millionsoftouristsfromallovertheworld.A．visitsB．visitedC．isvisitedbyD．arevisitedby4．Thenewlibrary______nextmonth.A．opensB．willopenC．willbeopenedD．opened5．—Yourdresslookscomfortable.Whatisitmade______?—Cotton.A．inB．byC．fromD．of6．Manyusefulthings______fromrecyclingwaste.A．produceB．producedC．areproducedD．wereproduced7．ThesongJasmineFlower______inmanycountries.A．singsB．sangC．issungD．wassung8．—Howcleanyourcaris!—Thanks.It______yesterday.A．waswashedB．washedC．haswashedD．iswashed9．Theproblem______bytheengineersnow.A．discussesB．discussedC．isbeingdiscussedD．wasdiscussed10．Rice______inthesouthofChina.A．growsB．isgrownC．grewD．wasgrown11．Thechildren______towatchthenewcartoonyesterday.A．inviteB．invitedC．wereinvitedD．areinvited12．—CanIuseyourphone?Mineisbroken.—Sorry,it______atthemoment.A．isrepairedB．isbeingrepairedC．repairsD．repaired13．TheOlympicGames______everyfouryears.A．holdB．heldC．areheldD．wereheld14．Thiskindofcomputer______inShenzhen.A．makesB．madeC．ismadeD．wasmade15．Theoldtemple______sincetheQingDynasty.A．hasprotectedB．protectedC．hasbeenprotectedD．wasprotected16．Theletter______byTomtomorrow.A．willsendB．sendsC．willbesentD．issent17．Theclassroom______bythestudentseveryday.A．cleansB．iscleanedC．cleanedD．hascleaned18．Stamps______forsendingletters.A．useB．usesC．areusedD．used19．Thewindows______afterschoolyesterday.A．closeB．closedC．wereclosedD．areclosed20．Themuseum______tothepublicin2020.A．opensB．openedC．wasopenedD．hasopened21．Thechildren______nottoplaywithfire.A．teachB．taughtC．aretaughtD．weretaught22．Thefootballmatch______onTVnextSunday.A．showsB．willshowC．isshownD．willbeshown23．Thesetrees______bythevillagerslastspring.A．plantB．plantedC．wereplantedD．areplanted24．Thekeys______onthetable.Canyouseethem?A．areleftB．leftC．wereleftD．haveleft25．ThenovelTheLittlePrince______intoover300languages.A．translatedB．translatesC．istranslatedD．hasbeentranslated26．—Wherearetheshoesmade?—They______inWenzhou.A．makeB．madeC．aremadeD．weremade27．Thenews______everyonehappyyesterday.A．madeB．wasmadeC．makesD．ismade28．Thebrokenchair______bymyfathertomorrow.A．fixesB．willfixC．willbefixedD．fixed29．Therules______atthemeetingnow.A．explainB．explainedC．areexplainingD．arebeingexplained30．Manynewroads______inmyhometownsince2020.A．buildB．builtC．havebeenbuiltD．werebuilt31．Thestudents______howtoprotecttheenvironmentinscienceclass.A．teachB．taughtC．aretaughtD．weretaught32．Thebridge______forfiveyears.A．hascompletedB．completedC．hasbeencompletedD．hasbeenopen33．Themovie______inthecinemanextweek.A．showsB．willshowC．willbeshownD．isshown34．Theproblem______bytheteacheryet.A．hasn’tsolvedB．hasn’tbeensolvedC．didn’tsolveD．wasn’tsolved35．Thebirthdaycake______bymysisteryesterday.A．makesB．madeC．wasmadeD．ismade36．Theinstructions______clearlyonthebox.A．writeB．wroteC．arewrittenD．written37．Thelostdog______byakindmanlastnight.A．findsB．foundC．wasfoundD．isfound38．Theproject______bytheendofnextmonth.A．completesB．willcompleteC．willbecompletedD．completed39．Thestory______bychildrenallovertheworld.A．lovesB．lovedC．islovedD．wasloved40．Thenewfactory______pollutiontotheriver.A．reducesB．reducedC．hasreducedD．hasbeenreduced二、完成句子41．這些玩具是中國制造的。Thesetoys________________China.42．絲綢是由蠶絲制成的。Silk________________silkworms.43．這棟大樓將于明年完工。Thebuilding________________nextyear.44．垃圾應該被分類回收。Rubbishshould________________andrecycled.45．這本小說已經被翻譯成多種語言。Thenovel________________intomanylanguages.46．昨天這個包被遺忘在公共汽車上。Thebag________________onthebusyesterday.47．許多古建筑在戰(zhàn)爭中被摧毀了。Manyancientbuildings________________duringthewar.48．新規(guī)定正在被討論。Thenewrules________________now.49．這些花每天都要澆水。Theflowers________________everyday.50．信件已經被寄出去了。Theletter________________yet.51．手機被用來通訊。Mobilephones________________communication.52．紙是由木頭制成的。Paper________________wood.53．這個計劃已經被批準了。Theplan________________already.54．這輛車是日本制造的。Thecar________________Japan.55．這些畫是被一位著名藝術家創(chuàng)作的。Thepaintings________________afamousartist.56．問題必須立即解決。Theproblem________________immediately.57．窗戶剛才被打破了。Thewindow________________justnow.58．這本書已經被許多人讀過。Thebook________________bymanypeople.59．運動會每年五月舉行。Thesportsmeeting________________everyMay.60．鑰匙還沒找到。Thekeys________________yet.

參考答案與解析一、單項選擇1.C【解析】主語“kites”是動作承受者，且“everyyear”表明一般現在時，用“aremade”。2.A【解析】“銀”是可見材料，用“bemadeof”。3.C【解析】主語“TheGreatWall”是動作承受者，且“tourists”是執(zhí)行者，用“isvisitedby”。4.C【解析】“nextmonth”表將來，主語“l(fā)ibrary”是動作承受者，用“willbeopened”。5.D【解析】“cotton”是可見原材料，用“madeof”。6.C【解析】主語“things”是動作承受者，且描述普遍現象，用一般現在時被動“areproduced”。7.C【解析】歌曲被演唱，且是普遍現象，用“issung”。8.A【解析】“yesterday”表過去，車是被洗的，用“waswashed”。9.C【解析】“now”表明動作正在進行，用現在進行時被動“isbeingdiscussed”。10.B【解析】水稻被種植，且是客觀事實，用“isgrown”。11.C【解析】“yesterday”表過去，孩子們是被邀請的，用“wereinvited”。12.B【解析】“atthemoment”表示正在被修理，用“isbeingrepaired”。13.C【解析】奧運會是被舉辦的，且是周期性事件，用“areheld”。14.C【解析】電腦被制造，客觀事實用一般現在時被動“ismade”。15.C【解析】“since”表明從過去持續(xù)到現在，用現在完成時被動“hasbeenprotected”。16.C【解析】“tomorrow”表將來，信是被寄出的，用“willbesent”。17.B【解析】“everyday”表習慣動作，教室是被打掃的，用“iscleaned”。18.C【解析】郵票被使用，用“areusedfor”。19.C【解析】“yesterday”表過去，窗戶是被關的，用“wereclosed”。20.C【解析】“in2020”表過去時間點，博物館是被開放的，用“wasopened”。21.C【解析】孩子們被教育是普遍事實，用一般現在時被動“aretaught”。22.D【解析】“nextSunday”表將來，比賽被播放，用“willbeshown”。23.C【解析】“l(fā)astspring”表過去，樹是被種植的，用“wereplanted”。24.A【解析】鑰匙被留在桌上，當前狀態(tài)用“areleft”。25.D【解析】“over300languages”強調結果，用現在完成時被動“hasbeentranslated”。26.C【解析】鞋子被制造是客觀事實，用一般現在時“aremade”。27.A【解析】“made”是主動語態(tài)，表示“使……高興”。28.C【解析】“tomorrow”表將來，椅子被修理，用“willbefixed”。29.D【解析】“now”表明正在被解釋，用“arebeingexplained”。30.C【解析】“since2020