PAGEPAGE52024（宜賓）中考英語語法：介詞和介詞短語講與練專題七介詞和介詞短語真題試做(C)1.(2024安徽中考)Ourclassaremuchsuretowinthebasketballgame______ClassThree.A.ofB.inC.againstD.from(A)2.(2024北京中考)Happybirthday,Peter!Here'sagift______you.A.forB.inC.withD.from(A)3.(2024重慶中考A卷)Ialwaysplaybasketballtorelaxmyself______Saturdays.A.onB.inC.atD.by(B)4.(2024樂山中考改編)TheprogramI'masingerisquitepopular______studentsthesedays.Theyoftentalkaboutitbetweenclasses.A.forB.withC.inD.of(C)5.(2024襄陽中考)—Excuseme,sir.Areyousuretheumbrellainyourhandbelongstoyou?—Oh,sorry.Itookit______.Mineisoverthereunderthechair.A.atonceB.ontimeC.bymistakeD.inall考向歸結(jié)通過以上五個(gè)題的視察,并結(jié)合各地多年中考考點(diǎn)的設(shè)置,主要考查以下幾個(gè)方面：同一介詞與動(dòng)詞、形容詞和名詞搭配時(shí)候詞義的辨析,不同語境下運(yùn)用不同的介詞；題型設(shè)置方面,主要趨向于單項(xiàng)選擇、完形填空和綜合填空?？键c(diǎn)突破介詞辨析介詞是一種虛詞,不能獨(dú)立充當(dāng)句子成分,需與動(dòng)詞、形容詞和名詞搭配,才能在句子中充當(dāng)成分。介詞短語中介詞后接名詞、代詞或動(dòng)名詞。介詞后的代詞要用賓格形式。1.表示時(shí)間的介詞(1)on,at與in的用法區(qū)分：①at＋詳細(xì)時(shí)刻：at8：00o'clock固定短語中：atnight/noon②on＋特指詳細(xì)的某一天或某日的上、下午、晚上：onMondaymorningonthemorningofApril10③in＋年、月、季節(jié)等：in2002inspringinMarch④泛指上午、下午、晚上等。如：inthemorning留意：假如morning,afternoon,evening,Sunday等前有l(wèi)ast,this,next等表示依次的詞時(shí),不再用介詞；tomorrow,tonight,yesterday前也不用介詞。(2)before,after與in的用法區(qū)分：①before指“在……之前”。如：beforefiveo'clock在五點(diǎn)之前②after和in指“在……之后”,其后接“一段時(shí)間”時(shí),in常與一般將來時(shí)連用,after常與一般過去時(shí)連用。如：Shewillbebackintwoweeks.她要兩個(gè)星期之后回來。Shecamebackafteraweek.她一個(gè)星期后回來了。若后面接的是一個(gè)“時(shí)間點(diǎn)”,只用after。如：Shewillarriveaftertwoo'clock.她將在兩點(diǎn)后到達(dá)。(3)since,for表示時(shí)間的用法區(qū)分：since＋詳細(xì)時(shí)刻,表示“自從……起始終到現(xiàn)在”；for＋一段時(shí)間,表示“總共有……之久”,都常用于完成時(shí)態(tài)。如：Ihaveworkedinthisschool__since2013.自從2013年我就在這所學(xué)校工作了。Ihaveworkedinthisschoolforover5years.我在這所學(xué)校已經(jīng)工作了五年多了。2.表示地點(diǎn)和空間的介詞(1)at一般用于小地點(diǎn)；in一般用于大地方或某個(gè)范圍之內(nèi)；on表示在某個(gè)物體的表面。如：Theyarrivedatasmallvillagebeforedark.天黑之前他們抵達(dá)小村莊。HearrivedinShanghaiyesterday.他昨天到達(dá)上海了。Therearemanyanimalsintheforest.森林里有很多動(dòng)物。Theteacherputupapictureonthewall.老師在墻上貼了一幅畫。(2)in,on與to的區(qū)分：in表示兩個(gè)地方是相屬關(guān)系(即一個(gè)小地方屬于大地方管轄)；on表示兩個(gè)地方相鄰(即兩個(gè)地方接壤卻互不管轄)；to表示兩個(gè)地方相隔(即兩個(gè)地方無接壤、互不管轄)。如：YibinisinthesouthofChina.宜賓在中國南部。(宜賓屬于中國的一部分)SichuanliesonthenorthofYunnan.四川在云南的北部。(四川和云南是有陸地接壤的)ChinaistothewestofJapan.中國在日本的西部。(中國和日本隔海相望,無接壤)(3)across,through與over的區(qū)分：across指從表面上通過；through指從中間穿過；over指從上空通過。如：Theoldmanwentacrosstheroadcarefully.老人當(dāng)心地穿過公路。Thesunlightwentintotheroomthroughthewindow.陽光透過窗戶進(jìn)入房間。Look!Abirdisflyingoverthetallbuilding.看！一只小鳥正飛過高樓。3.其他介詞(1)by,in,with：“用”by主要表示“乘坐”某種交通工具或“以……方式”,在被動(dòng)句中可以表示動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者；in表示“運(yùn)用”某種語言、文字、聲音；with表示“運(yùn)用”某種詳細(xì)的工具等。如：Let'sgotothezoobytaxi.我們乘出租車去動(dòng)物園吧。TeahousewaswrittenbyLaoShe.《茶館》是老舍創(chuàng)作的。PleasewritethatarticleinEnglish.請用英語寫文章。Pleasewritetheletterwithapen.請用鋼筆寫信。Pleasespeakinaloudvoice.請大聲講。(2)between,among：“在……之間”between在兩者之間；among指三者及以上。如：TherearesomedifferencesbetweenLilyandLucy.莉莉與露西之間有很多不同。TFBOYSareverypopularamongtheteenagers.TFBOYS在青少年中很受歡迎。(3)except,besides：“除了……”except“除了”,表示解除掉某人物,即不包含；besides“除了”,表示即“不僅……又……”,即包含在內(nèi)。如：EveryonewenttothePalaceMuseumexceptTom.每個(gè)人都去了故宮博物院除了湯姆。BesidesChinese,healsostudiedmanyothersubjects.除了中文,他還學(xué)了很多別的科目。介詞短語及固定搭配listento聽laughat訕笑waitfor等候worryabout擔(dān)憂thinkabout考慮takecareof照看beinterestedin對……感愛好befullof充溢……lookforwardto期盼payattentionto關(guān)注lookfor找尋hearfrom收到……的信takeoff脫掉；起飛puton穿上putup搭建begoodat擅長……begoodfor對……有利小試牛刀(B)1.(2024宜昌中考)—WhoisthespacescientistfromBeijing?—Theman______whiteoverthere.He'sofmediumheight.A.withB.inC.orD.for(A)2.(2024溫州中考)I'veorderedsomeflowersforgrandmaandtheywillarrive______twohours.A.inB.afterC.overD.for(C)3.(2024福建中考A卷改編)Bluewhalesare______.Weshouldtrytoprotectthem.A.intimeB.inpublicC.indangerD.inmind(A)4.(2024達(dá)州中考)—I'mthirsty.I'dlikeaglassoforangejuice.Whataboutyou,Andy?—Ipreferacupoftea______nothinginit.A.withB.forC.toD.without(B)5.(2024烏魯木齊中考)MostofthevillagerstookpartintheDragonBoatraces______9：00a.m.______themorningofJune18.A.at；inB.at；onC.on；inD.on；on(D)6.(2024連云港中考)—Bill,didyouseeTom?—Yes,hejustparkedhiscarhereandthenhurried______thestreet.A.throughB.overC.pastD.across(A)7.(2024濱州中考)Don'tstayinside.______suchasunnymorning.Let'sgoouttoenjoythegentlewindandthesweetflowers.A.onB.inC.fromD.at(B)8.(2024哈爾濱中考改編)—Hi,Helen.Whenwereyouborn?—Iwasborn______February,2003.I'm15yearsold.A.onB.inC.atD.by(C)9.(2024深圳中考改編)—Excuseme,couldyoupleasetel