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ReadingComprehension

Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.

Markyouranswerson(heANSWERSHEET.(100points)

Text1

第1段：Theworld'srichest1%arconcoursetocontrolasmuchastwo-thirdsoftheworld's

wealthby2030.accordingtoashockinganalysis.Worldleadersarebeingwarnedthatthe

continuedaccumulationofwealthatthetopwillfuelgrowingdistrustandangeroverthecoming

decadeunlessactionistakentorestorethebalance.

第2段：AnalarmingprojectionproducedbytheHouseofCommonslibrarysuggeststhatif

trendsseensincethe2008financialcrashweretocontinue,thenthetop1%willhold64%ofthe

world'swealthby2030.Since2008,thewealthoftherichest1%hasbeengrowingatanaverage

of6%ayear-muchfasterthanthe3%growthinwealthoftheremaining99%oftheworld's

population.Shouldthatcor.tinue,thetop1%wouldholdwealthequatingto$305tn(￡216.5tn)一

upfrom$140tntoday.

第3段：Analystssuggestwealthhasbecomeconcentratedatthetopbecauseofrecent

incomeinequality,higherratesofsavingamongthewealthy,andtheaccumulationofassets.The

wealthyalsoinvestedalargeamountofequityinbusinesses,stocksandotherfinancialassets,

whichhavehandedthemdisproportionatebenefits.

第4段：Amajorproblemwiththeinfluenceexertedbytheverywealthyleadstofalling

levelsoftrust.InanewpollingbyOpinium,participantswereaskedtoselectagroupthatwould

havethemostpowerin2030,andmost(34%)saidthesuper-rich,while28%optedfornational

governments.Thosesurveyedsaidtheyfearedtheconsequencesofwealthinequalitywouldbe

risinglevelsofcorruption(41%)orthe“super-richenjoyingunfairinlluenceongovernment

policy"(43%).

笫5段：TheresearchabovewascommissionedhyLiamByrne,theformerLabourcabinet

minister,aspartofagatheringofMPs,academics,businessleaders,tradeunionsandcivilsociety

leadersfocusedonaddressingtheproblem.

第6段：Byrne,whoorganisedthefirstOECD(OrganizationforEconomicCo-operationand

Development)globalparliamentaryconferenceoninclusivegrowth,cautionedthatthealready

tiltedscaleofworld,swealthwasaboutto“takeitslaststraw".“Ifwedon'ttakestepstorewrite

therulesofhowoureconomicswork,thenwecondemnourselvestoafuturethatremainsunequal

fbrgood,^^hesaid."That'smorallybad,andeconomicallydisastrous,riskinganewexplosionin

instability,corruptionandpoverty,^^

第7段DannyDorling,professorofgeographyattheUniversityofOxford,saidthescenario

inwhichthesuper-richaccumulatedevenmorewealthby2030wasarealisticone."Evenifthe

incomeofthewealthiestpeopleintheworldstopsrisingdramaticallyinthefuture,theirwealth

willcontinuetogrowfbroretotwomoredecades”hesaid.

1.AccordingtoParagraph1,whatwouldhappenby2030

A.Worldleaderswouldberelievedoftheirposition.

B.Publicangeratthewealthiestwouldbereconciled.

C.Therichestwouldpocketoverhalfof(heworld'swealth.

D.Thepoorwoulddemonstratetheirpowerthroughprotest.

2.Itissuggestedthattheother99%oftheworld'spopulation.

A.wasfarmoreimpactedbythe2008financialcrisisthantherichest1%

B.couldhardlycatchupwiththeother1%inwealthdespitemoderategrowth

C.hastodoubleitsincreaserateinwealthtoachieveaproportionaldistribution

D.needstoexpandtheirinvestmentinbusinessandotherfinancialassets

3.TheresultsfromOpiniunfsnewpollingarementionedto.

A.demonstratepeople'sdecliningfaithingovernmentsectors

B.explain(hesupremepowerpossessedbythesuper-rich

C.expressthegrowingconcernoverpoliticalcorruption

D.revealunfairpolicy-makinginfavorofthesuper-rich

4.Theexpression“takeitslaststraw”isclosestinmeaningto.

A.collapseundertheultimateburden

B.takethelastopporturity

C.faceademandingchallenge

D.completeitsfinalprecess

5.AccordingtoDannyDorling,thecurrenttrendofwealthaccumulationamongthesuper-rich

is.

A.dramatic

B.questionable

C.idealistic

D.unstoppable

2

Text2

第1段：Thenumberofpeopleforcedtofleetheirhomesrosetoarecordhighin2017,with

16.2millionpeoplenewlydisplacedaroundtheworld.Thefigureincludespeoplewhohavebeen

displacedforthefirsttime,andthosewhohavebeenforcedfromtheirhomesmultipletimes.

第2段：Thefigureof68.5milliondisplacedpeople—3millionhigherthanthetotal

populationoftheUK—includes25.4millionrefugees,4Gmillioninternallydisplacedand3.1

millionasylumseekers.Theincreasecatncdespitethereturnofmorethan5milliondisplaced

peopletotheircountriesoforigins.

第3段Despiteitslargenumber,displacedpopulationinsomesenseisnotaubiquitousissue.

Theannualfigures,compiledbytheUNrefugeeagency,UNHCR(UnitedNationsHigh

Commissk)ncrforRefugees),sawfivecountriesaccountingfortwo-thirdsofallrefugees

(excludingthosedefinedaslong-termPalestinianrefugees):Syria(6.3million);Afghanistan(2.6

million);SouthSudan(2.4million);Myanmar(1.2million)andSomalia(986,400).

第4段：ThenewfiguresemergedaftertheactoranddirectorAngelinaJolie,aspecialenvoy

fbrtheUNagency,warnedofafiindingshortfallfbrtheagency'sworkinSyria—thelargestgroup

ofdisplaced.SpeakingduringavisitcoDomizCampinIraqonSunday,hometo33,000refugees

displacedbytheSyrianwar,Jolietoldapressconferencethattheagency'sappealfbrSyrian

refugeeswashugelyunderfundedevenincomparisonwithlastyear.

第5段：WhenUNHCR'sSyriaresponsewasonly50%fundedlastyear,andthisyearitis

only17%funded,thereareterriblehumanconsequences.Weshouldbeundernoillusionsabout

this.Whenthereisevennotthebareminimumofaid,refugeefamiliescannotreceiveadequate

medicaltreatment,womenandgirlswillbeleftvulnerabletosexualviolence,manychildren

cannotgotoschool,andwesquandertheopportunityofbeingabletoinvestinrefugeessothat

theycanacquirenewskillsandsupporttheirfamilies.

第6段：Thenewtotalscomeattheendofadecadeofsharplyrisingnumbersofdisplaced,

whichhaveriseninexorablyfrommorethan42millionin2007tothecurrenttotal.Thismeans

oneinevery110peopleintheworldiscurrentlydisplaced,withmostofthesharpincrease

occurringinthelastfiveyears.

第7段：AlthoughSyriaonceagaindominatedthefigures,2017wasalsomarkedbya

significantriseindisplacedpeoplefromNorthandCentralAmerica,withincreasingnumbersof

peoplejourneyingtoseekasyluminMexicoandtheUS,evenasVenezuelanscontinuedtoflow

outtoneighbouringcountries.Thetotalsalsosawthesixthsuccessiveyearofincreasesinthe

numberofrefugeesunderUNHCR'smandate,withariseofjustunder3millionlastyeartoa

3

totaljustshortof20million,thehighestknowntotaltodate.

6.Thecurrenttrendofthenumberofdisplacedpopulationistheoneof.

A.steadiness

B.fluctuation

C.decline

D.upsurge

7.Bylistingfiguresofthefivecountries,theauthorintendstoshowthat,

A.Syriahasthelargestnumberofrefugeesamongthefivecountries

B.theotherone-thirdoftherefugeescanhardlybeidentified

C.displacedpopulationconcentratesinafewnumberofcountries

D.civilconflictsaremostseriousinsomeMiddle-eastcountries

8.AccordingtoJolie,thereliefworkinSyriafacestheproblemof.

A.overpopulationofrefugees

B.inadequacyinfunding

C.politicaldisagreement

D.localdisturbances

9.Whichofthefollowingwouldhappenwithoutevenminimumaid?

A.Refugeeswouldbedeprivedofthechancetoearntheirownliving.

B.Femaleswouldstandatagravedisadvantageagainstmistreatment.

C.Childrencannotbeadmittedtoschoolsopenedfornon-refugees.

D.Thespreadofepidemiccannotbecontrolledinrefugeecamps.

10.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?

A.TheRisingNumberofRefugeesWorldwide

B.TheDifficultyinSeekingPoliticalAsylum

C.TheCompleteFailureofUNHCR'sMandate

D.TheSeriousSituationofSyrianRefugees

Text3

第1段：Barely3percentoftheAmericanworkforcebikesorwalkstoworkwithany

frequency,despitetheobviousvirtues:decreasedrisksforobesityanddiabetes,environmental

benefitsandlowertransportationcosts.Askpeoplewhythey“eschew"what'sknownasactive

commuting,however,asmanysurveyshave,andtheprimaryreasoncitedistime.Thosethings

4

taketoolong,mostsay.

第2段：They'reprobablywrong.Anewstudypublishedinajournalcalled

“TransporunetricaA:TransportScience“showsthatpeopleoftenoverestimatethetime

requiredtocommuteactively,amiscalculationespeciallycommonwhensomeonehassecureda

parkingpermitneartheoffice.

第3段：Forthestudy,researchersatPennStatesolicitedtheschool'sfaculty,staffand

studentstocompleteanextensiveseriesofonlinequestionnairesabouttheirfitness,health,

commutingandparkinghabits,comfortandabilityonabikeoraspedestrians,distancefrom

hometotheirmainworkplaceoncampusandhowlongtheythoughtitwouldtakethemtoeither

bikeorwalkihatdistance.Onlyafewofthe505respondentswentbyfootorbike;mostofthem

werestudents.Estimatesofcommutingtimeswerethencomparedwiththecorrespondingroute

timescalculatedbyGoogleMaps.Theresearchersindependentlytimedsomeoftheroutesby

walkingorridingthem.

第4段：Thesurveyparticipants—facultyandstaffmembersaboveall-provedtobe

generallypooralguessingactive-commutingtimes.About90percentoftheirestimatesweretoo

longbyatleast10minutes.ThefewassessmentsclosetoGoogle'swerealmostalwaysmadeby

ridersorwalkers.Parkingavailabilityanddistancesaffectedtheestimates.

第5段：Thosewithparkingpermits,afiercelysought-aftercampusamenity,tendedto

overestimateactive-commutingtimessignificantly;theclosersomeonelivedtotheworkplace,the

bettertheguesses.Confidencehadanoutsizeeffect,too.Thepeoplesurveyed,especiallywomen,

whohadlittlebicyclingexperienceorwhodidnotfeelphysicallyfitthoughtthatactive

commutingwouldrequireconsiderablymoretimethan(heGooglecalculations.

第6段：Thestudyislimited,ofcourse,becausei(reliesonaninsular,self-selectedgroupof

respondentstoprovideinformationaboutthemselves,atopiconwhichpeoplecanbesurprisingly

unreliable.Thepublishedresultsalsodidnotdelveintosuchpressingactive-commutingconcerns

ashygiene,showersorthelogisticsofcarryingchangesofclothes.

第7段：“Butthestudy'sresultsdoindicatethattimemaybelessofabarriertoactive

commutingthanmanymightanticipate,saysMelissaBopp,anassociateprofessorofkinesiology

atPennStateandthestudy'sseniorauthor."I'durgeanyonewhoisconsideringbikingorwalking

toworktodoatestrun,“shesays,perhapsonaweekend(although(hetrafficpatternswillbe

differentfromthoseduringtheweek).Askcolleaguesfbrroutesuggestions.44Googleisgoodat

findingbikepaths,“shesays,butitemphasizesbrevityanddirectnessoversceneryforwalkers.

11.Thewordueschew,,(Para.1)mostprobablymeans.

A.breach

5

B.guard

C.acclaim

D.avoid

12.Accordingtothe“TransportmetricaA:TransportScience,people.

A.failtocalculatetheactivecommutetimecorrectly

B.arereducedtofindingparkingspacepersonally

C.overratetherequiredtimetosecureaparkingpermit

D.makeanaccuratepredictionaboutthetimeconsumed

13.WhichofthefollowingistrueaboutthesurveyparticipantsaccordingtoParagraphs4and5?

A.Theirmathematicalabilityisinferiortoothers'.

B.Theinfluenceofconfidencehasbeenovervalued.

C.Parkingrightisacontributingfactortotheircalculation.

D.Theyfeelphysicallyfitbychoosinganactivecommute.

14.AccordingtoMelissaBopp,thetimeconsumedinactivecommutingmay.

A.beexaggeratedpartly

B.deservemoreattention

C.beestimatedcontinually

D.needtobestrengthened

15.MelissaBopp'sattitudetowardworkingbybikeorbyfootis.

A.indifferent

B.supportive

C.indignant

D.apprehensive

Text4

第I段：Howeffectiveareantimicrobial“courtesymasks”atpreventingthespreadof

contagiousairborneillnesses?Thebestevidencesuggeststhat,whensick,wearingamaskcan

helptoprotectothersfromgettingsick.Andwhenwell,wearingamaskaroundthosewhoare

sickwillprobablydecreaseyourownchancesofbecominginfected.Butthemasksarefarfrom

foolproof.

第2段:Courtesymasks,orwhatwedoctorsrefertoasmedicalmasks,wereintroducedinto

theoperatingroominthelate1800s.Theyquicklybecamepopularamongapubliceagerto

protectitselfagainsttheinfluenzaepidemicof1918.Acenturylater,theadventofmodern

moleculartechniquesconfirmedthatmedicalmaskscanindeedprovidegoodprotectionagainstflu.

6

第3段：Ina2013study,researcherscountedthenumberofvirusparticlesintheairaround

patientswithflu.Theyfoundthatmedicalmasksdecreasedtheexhalationoflargeviraldroplets

25-fold.Themaskswere,however,lesseffectiveagainstthefineviraldropletsthatcanremain

suspendedintheairlongerandarcthereforemoreinfectious,cuttingthemby2.8times.

第4段：Surgicalmasksalsoaffordfairlygoodprotectionfortheworriedwell.Inanoft-cited

studyof446nurses,researchersfoundsurgicalmaskswereasgood,ornearlyasgood,at

protectingtheweareragainstfluasbreathingapparatus,asomewhatmorehigh-tech,masklike

deviceusedinhospitals.TheworkofAustralianinvestigatorsprovidesfurthersupportforthe

valueofthesimplemedicalmask.Theyestimatethatinahomesetting,wearingasurgicalmask

decreasesawellperson'sriskofgettingsickby60percentto80percent.

第5段However,mostpeoplefailtowearamaskfaithfullyenoughtoachievethisdegreeof

protection,andtheCentersforDiseaseControlandPreventionremainsambiguousabouttheuse

ofmasksoutsideofhealthcaresettings."Norecommendationcanbemadeatthistimefbrmask

useinthecommunitybyasymptomaticpersons,includingthoseathighriskforcomplications,to

preventexposuretoinfluenzaviruses,“theagencyconcludesonitswebsite,uIfyoudon'thavea

mask,ordon'twanttowearone,standingatleastsixfeetfromaninfectedpersonwillincrease

yourchancesfbrstayinghealthy.^^

第6段：TheairsuiToundingsickpeople,eveniftheyaren'tcoughingorsneezing,isloaded

withsmallinfectiousparticles,andthefartheryouarefromthem,thebetter.Washingyourhands

frequently,ofcourse,isalsocriticalfbrstayinghealthy,sincetouchinginfectedfingerstotheeyes,

noseormouthcantransmitinfection.

16.ItcanbeinferredfromParagraphIthatwearingamask.

A.candefendthesickfromradiation

B.stillfacesthedangerofgettingsick

C.isoflittlesignificanceforthehealthy

D.enjoysavitalpositionagainstepidemics

17.Modernmoleculartechniquesverified.

A.people'sincreasedawarenessoftheflu

B.theirsignificantimpactonmedicine

C.thereliabilityofmedicalmasks

D.theurgencyoffightingagainstflu

18.AccordingtoParagraph4,whichofthefollowingistrueaboutmasks?

A.Theeffectofmasksisnolessthanthatofbreathingapparatus.

7

B.Maskscanactuallyassistpeoplewithpsychologicalanxiety.

C.Masklike-dcvicchasgainedpopularityinhospitalsandclinics.

D.Australianinvestigatorsoffernewinsightsintomedicalmasks.

19.InParagraph5,theauthorshowshisconcernthat.

A.thehabitofwearingmaskshasnotyetbeencultivated

B.mostpeopledidn'tsucceedinaddressingsomeproblems

C.theagencyfailedtogivesomeconstructivesuggestions

D.theuseofmasksisnotgeneralizedinhealthcaresettings

20.Inanenvironmentloadedwithinfectiousparticles,people.

A.areboundtosufferfromcoughing

B.aresuggestedtotakesomeprecautions

C.areunabletobehealthybyanymeans

D.aresupposedtostayawayfrom(hesick

答案解析：

題號(hào)：1.【答案】Co解析：本題為事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干by2030定位到第一段第一句The

world'srichest1%areoncoursetocontrolasmuchastwo-thirdsoftheworld'swealthby

2030,accordingtoashockinganalysis.【根據(jù)一項(xiàng)令人震驚的分析結(jié)果，世界上最富有的1%

的人到2030年將控制世界財(cái)富的三分之二。］對(duì)應(yīng)C項(xiàng)Therichestwouldpocketoverhalfof

iheworld'swealth.【最富有的人會(huì)將超過半數(shù)的世界財(cái)富收入囊中】，故為正確答案。

干擾項(xiàng)：A、B、D項(xiàng)均不符合原文。

題號(hào)：2.【答案】Bo解析:本題為事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干定位到第二段第二句Since2-308,the

wealthoftherichest1%hasbeengrowingatanaverageof6%ayear—muchfasterthanthe

3%growthinwealthoftheremaining99%oftheworld"spopulation.［自2008年以來,最

富有的1%的人的財(cái)富以每年平均6%的速度增長一一比世界其余99%的人的財(cái)富增長

3%快得多?！坷斫饩湟饪芍罡挥械?%的人一經(jīng)在財(cái)富總量上遠(yuǎn)超剩余99%的人，其

財(cái)富增長速度又是剩余群體的二倍，其余99%幾乎不可能趕上最富有的1%。對(duì)應(yīng)B項(xiàng)

couldhardlycatchupwiththeother1%inwealthdespitemoderategrowth為正確項(xiàng)。

干擾項(xiàng)：A項(xiàng)無中生有。C項(xiàng)偷換概念，最富有的1%的人的財(cái)富增長速率是剩余99%的二

倍，并不是99%的人打算將其增長率翻倍。D項(xiàng)無中生有。

題號(hào)：3.【答案】Ao解析：本題為例證題。例證題根據(jù)題干中信息定位到原文論據(jù)位置：

第四段第二句。例證題正確答案從論點(diǎn)中尋找：第四段第一句Amajorproblemw訕

theinfluenceexertedbytheverywealthyleadstofallinglevelsoftrust.【最富有的群體產(chǎn)

生的社會(huì)影響導(dǎo)致了民眾信任度降低?！繉?duì)應(yīng)A項(xiàng)demonstratepeopletsdecliningfaithin

governmentsectors【表現(xiàn)了民眾對(duì)政府部門信任度降低】，故為正確項(xiàng)。干擾項(xiàng)：B項(xiàng)無

中生有。C、D項(xiàng)均為具體論據(jù)，就事論事，不符合題干要求。

題號(hào)：4.【答案】Ao解析：本題為詞義句意題。根據(jù)題干定位到第六段第一句，但詞義句

意題答案需在定位的上下文中尋找。本題答案定位到第六段第二句"Ifwedon'Ilakesi印s

torewritetheruleso:howoureconomicswork,thenwecondemnourselvestoafuturethat

remainsunequalforgood/*hesaid.【“如果我什，不采取措施來重寫經(jīng)濟(jì)體的運(yùn)作規(guī)則，

那么我們會(huì)永遠(yuǎn)面對(duì)一個(gè)不平等的未來，"他說?！繉?duì)應(yīng)A項(xiàng)collapseunderultimate

burden【（世界財(cái)富的平衡）將會(huì)在終極壓力下打破】，故為正確項(xiàng)。干擾項(xiàng)：B、C、D

均不是短語的含義，故錯(cuò)誤。

題號(hào)：5［答案】Do解析：本題為事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干定位到最后一段第一句DannyDorling,

professorofgeographyattheUniversityofOxford,saidthescenarioinwhich（hesuper-rich

accumulatedevenmorewealthby2030wasarealisticone.［牛津大學(xué)地理學(xué)教授丹盛多林

說，超級(jí)富豪到2030年積累更多財(cái)富是實(shí)實(shí)在在會(huì)發(fā)生的情形?！控?cái)富不斷積累是現(xiàn)實(shí)會(huì)

發(fā)生的，對(duì)應(yīng)D項(xiàng)unstoppable【（當(dāng)下最富有人群財(cái)富累加的趨勢是）無法停止的】，

故為正確項(xiàng)。干擾項(xiàng)：A、B項(xiàng)不符合原文。C項(xiàng)與原文事實(shí)相反。

題號(hào)：6.【答案】D。解析：本題為事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干定位到第一段第一句The

numberofpeopleforcedtofleetheirhomesrosetoarecordhighin2017,with16.2million

peoplenewlydisplacedaroundtheworld.［2017年被迫逃離家園的人數(shù)上升至歷史新高，

全球新近流離失所的人數(shù)為1620萬人?！款}干問流離失所人數(shù)的趨勢是什么，對(duì)應(yīng)D項(xiàng)

upsurge【急劇增長】符合原文，故為正確答案。干擾項(xiàng)：A項(xiàng)【平穩(wěn)】，B項(xiàng)【波動(dòng)】，

C項(xiàng)【下降】,均不符合原文所描述的趨勢.故錯(cuò)誤.

題號(hào)：7.【答案】Co解析：本題為例證題。題干可定位到第三段第二句論據(jù)部分。一般來

說，例證題的正確項(xiàng)需在段落論點(diǎn)出尋找，故定位到本段第,句Despiteitslargenumber,

displacedpopulationinsomesenseisnotaubiquitousissue.【盡管流離失所人口的數(shù)量

巨大，這一問題從某種角度來說并不是一個(gè)世界性的問題?！繉?duì)應(yīng)C項(xiàng)displaced

populationconcentratesinafewnumberofcountries【流離失所人口集中在一些國家】，

符合原文意思，故為正確項(xiàng)。干擾項(xiàng)：A項(xiàng)就事論事，將論據(jù)本身內(nèi)容作為論點(diǎn)，是例

證題典型錯(cuò)項(xiàng)。B項(xiàng)無中生有，文章未提及其他三分之一的難民，故錯(cuò)誤。D項(xiàng)無中

生有，文章未提及國內(nèi)沖突的因素，故錯(cuò)誤。

題號(hào)：8（答案】B。解析：本題為事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干可定位到第四段第fThenewfigures

emergedaftertheactoranddirectorAngelinaJolie,aspecialenvoyfortheUNagency,warned

ofafundingshortfallfortheagency?sworkinSyria-thelargestgroupofdisplaced.【聯(lián)

合國機(jī)構(gòu)特使，演員兼導(dǎo)演的安吉麗娜?朱莉（AngelinaJolie）警告說，該機(jī)構(gòu)在最

大的流離失所者群體所在的敘利亞出現(xiàn)工作資金短缺，接著這個(gè)新的數(shù)字（難民總數(shù)）

便出現(xiàn)了。］題干問敘利亞的救濟(jì)工作面臨的問題是什么,對(duì)應(yīng)B項(xiàng)inadequacyin

funding【資金不足】，符合原文，故為正確項(xiàng)。干擾項(xiàng)：A、C、D項(xiàng)均符合常理，但無中

生有，在文章未提及，故錯(cuò)誤。。題號(hào)：9.【答案】Bo解析?：本題為事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)題

干可定位到第五段第三句Whenthereisevennotthebareminimumofaid.refugee

familiescannotreceiveadequatemedicaltreatment,

womenandgirlswillbeleftvulnerabletosexualviolence,manychildrencannotgotoschool,

andwesquandertheopportunityofbeingabletoinvestinrefugeessothattheycanacquire

newskillsandsupporttheirfamilies.(當(dāng)最低限度的援助都沒有時(shí)，難民家庭就不能得

到足夠的醫(yī)療救治。此外，婦女和女孩容易遭受性暴力，許多兒童不能上學(xué)，我們也浪

費(fèi)了投資難民以便他們能夠獲得新技能并養(yǎng)活他們的家人的機(jī)會(huì)?！繉?duì)應(yīng)B項(xiàng)

Femaleswouldstandatagrave

disadvantageagainstmistrealmeni.【女性將在虐待中處「劣勢地位】，符合原文含義，故為正

確項(xiàng).干擾項(xiàng)：A項(xiàng)偷換概念，原文可定位到本段第三句第四個(gè)分句，we指代救助工作者，

指救助工作者浪費(fèi)了投資難民的機(jī)會(huì)，A項(xiàng)偷換為難民被剝奪了維持生計(jì)的機(jī)會(huì)，故錯(cuò)誤。

C項(xiàng)信息錯(cuò)誤，原文未提及難民兒童不能入學(xué)的學(xué)校類型，故錯(cuò)誤。D項(xiàng)無中生有，原

文未提及。

題號(hào)：1().【答案】A。解析：本題為主旨大意題。據(jù)最后一段第一句AlthoughSyriaonce

againdominatedthefigures,2017wasalsomarkedbyasignificantriseindisplacedpeople

fromNorthandCentralAmerica,withincreasingnumbersofpeoplejourneyingtcseek

asyluminMexicoandtheUS,evenasVenezuelanscontinuedtoflowouttoneighbouring

coumries.【盡管敘利亞人再次在難民總數(shù)里占了大頭，越來越多的人去墨西哥和美國尋

求庇護(hù)，委內(nèi)瑞拉人繼續(xù)流向鄰

國，2017年北美和中美地區(qū)流離失所者人數(shù)仍大幅增加?！看颂廃c(diǎn)明了文章主題，即世界范

圍內(nèi)難民數(shù)量都在增加.即對(duì)應(yīng)A項(xiàng)TheRisingNumberofRefugeesWorldwide,故為正

確答案。干擾項(xiàng)：B、C、D項(xiàng)均不是文章中心，以偏概全，錯(cuò)誤。B項(xiàng)【尋求政治

避難的困難】，C項(xiàng)【UNHCR條令的徹底失敗】，D項(xiàng)【敘利亞難民的嚴(yán)峻處境】。

題號(hào)：11.【答案】Do解析：本題為詞義句意題。根據(jù)題干可定位至第一段第二句Ask

peoplewhytheyeschewwhat'sknownasactivecommuting,however,asmanysurveys

have,andtheprimaryreasoncitedistime.【然而很多調(diào)查發(fā)現(xiàn)，當(dāng)被問及為什么不選擇

這些所謂的“活聯(lián)通勤”方式時(shí)，人們提到的主要因素是時(shí)間?！壳懊嬲f為什么

活躍通勤?；钴S通勤是一

種健康的出行方式，那人們一定是沒有選擇這種方式，并且后面也給出解釋，原因是沒時(shí)間。

所以D項(xiàng)為正確答案。干擾項(xiàng)：A項(xiàng)【違反/破壞工B項(xiàng)【保衛(wèi)/監(jiān)視】，C項(xiàng)【歡呼/喝

彩】。

題號(hào)：12.【答案】Ao解析：本題為細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干中的TransportmetricaA:TransportScience

可定位至第二段第二句peopleoftenoverestimatedietimerequiredtocommuteactively,a

miscalculationespeciallycommonwhensomeonehassecuredaparkingpermitneartheoffice.【人

們往往高估了活躍通勤所需的時(shí)間，在辦公室附近擁有停車許可證的人尤其會(huì)做出錯(cuò)誤估

計(jì)。］未能正確計(jì)算活躍通勤所需的時(shí)間。failtocalculate對(duì)應(yīng)文中的miscalculation,jfc

A項(xiàng)為正確答案。干擾項(xiàng)：B項(xiàng)【人們淪落到只能親自找停車位】文中是人們在辦公室

附近有停車位。c項(xiàng)【高.估獲得停車許可證所需的時(shí)間】張冠李戴，高估的是活躍通勤，

也就是騎自行車或者步行所需時(shí)間。D項(xiàng)【準(zhǔn)確預(yù)測花費(fèi)的時(shí)間】語義錯(cuò)誤，文中是

高估。。

題號(hào)：13.【答案】C。解析：本題為細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干可定位至第四、五段。Parkingavailability

anddistancesaffectedtheestimates.【停車權(quán)和距離對(duì)估計(jì)有所影響。］C項(xiàng)中的parking

right對(duì)應(yīng)文中的parkingavailability,calculation對(duì)應(yīng)文中的estimatesa故C為正確答窠。

干擾項(xiàng)：A項(xiàng)【他們的數(shù)學(xué)能力不如別人。］,文中提到provedtobegenerallypoorat

guessingactive-commutingtimes.【在估算活躍通勤用時(shí)方面大都很糟。!并不是他們的

數(shù)學(xué)能力差。B項(xiàng)［信心的影響力被高估了?！?，文中是Confidencehadanoutsizeeffect.

【信心也會(huì)產(chǎn)生巨大影響?！坎]有高估。D項(xiàng)【他們通過選擇活躍通勤感到身體健康?！浚?/p>

文中提至ljThepeoplesurveyed,especiallywomen,whohadlittlebicyclingexperienceor

whodidnotfedphysicallyfitthoughtthatactivecommutingwouldrequireconsiderably

moretimethantheGooglecalculations.

【沒有騎車經(jīng)驗(yàn)或覺得身體不適的受訪者，尤其是女性，對(duì)活躍通勤的用時(shí)的估計(jì)大大高于

谷歌的計(jì)算?！坑梦闹械膫€(gè)別詞進(jìn)行干擾。實(shí)則無中生有。

題號(hào)：14.隋案】A。解析：本題為細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干可定位至最后一段第一句"Butthestudy'

sresultsdoindicatethattimemaybelessofabarriertoactivecommutingthanmanymight

anticipate,”【“這項(xiàng)研究結(jié)果確實(shí)表明，與許多人的預(yù)期不同，時(shí)間對(duì)活躍通勤的阻礙并

不是很大，”】通勤時(shí)間在一定程度上被夸大了。故A項(xiàng)為正確答案。干擾項(xiàng)：B項(xiàng)【值

得更多關(guān)注】，C項(xiàng)【不斷估計(jì)】，D項(xiàng)【需要加強(qiáng)】均無中生有。

題號(hào)：15.【答案】B。解析：本題為觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。根據(jù)題干可定位至最后一段。Vdurgeanyone

whoisconsideringb汰ingorwalkingtoworktodoatestrun.【我會(huì)敦促那些考慮騎車或步

行上班的人進(jìn)行一次試騎或試走。】Googleisgoodatfindingbikepaths,butit

emphasizesbrevityanddirectnessoversceneryforwalkers.【谷歌很擅長尋找騎行路線，

但谷歌偏重尋找簡潔和直接的路線，不太關(guān)注步行者看到的風(fēng)景?！空f明步行可以看到很

多風(fēng)景，所以MelissaBopp對(duì)于騎車或步行去上班是支持的。故B項(xiàng)supportive【支

持的】為正確答案。干擾項(xiàng)：A項(xiàng)indifferent【漠不關(guān)心的】，C項(xiàng)indignant【憤怒的/憤

慨的】，D項(xiàng)apprehensive【憂慮的】均不符合此處態(tài)度。

題號(hào)：16.【答案】Bo解析：本題為細(xì)節(jié)推斷題。根據(jù)題干可定位至第一段末句Bui(he

masksarefarfromfoolproof.【但口罩絕非萬無一失。]foolproof【（方法、計(jì)劃、系統(tǒng)

等設(shè)計(jì)得）萬無一失的，肯定成功的】，如果不認(rèn)識(shí)這個(gè)單詞，我們也可以根據(jù)but轉(zhuǎn)

折句，前后語義轉(zhuǎn)疔進(jìn)行推斷。前一句說Andwhenwell,wearingamaskaroundthose

whoarcsickwillprobably

decreaseyourownchancesofbecoming健康者在患者周圍時(shí)戴I」罩很可能會(huì)降低被

infected.[

感染的幾率?！窟@里說J'戴口罩的作用。那么轉(zhuǎn)折后面就是相反的意思。但是，戴口罩仍然