UsinglanguageUnit4FriendsforeverLearningObjectivesPART.01UnderstandthedailystudyandlifeofBritishmiddleschoolstudentsbywatchingvideos.Basedonyourowndailystudyandlife,comparethestudyandlifeinChineseandBritishschools,andfindoutthesimilaritiesanddifferencesbetweenthetwo.Talkaboutyourfirstimpressionofhighschoollife,andhaveapreliminaryperceptionofthestudyandlifeintheseniorhighschoolstage.LearningObjectivesFurtherunderstandthestructureandfunctionofattributiveclauses,andapplyitinreal-lifesituations.Masterthecorrectusageofidiomsinlanguage,andusethemtoexpressideas.Andexpresstheiropinionsappropriatelyandaccuratelyindifferentsituations.Throughlisteningtrainingbroadenyourhorizonsinvariousaspects,andimprovethecomprehensivelanguageuseinrealcontexts.Thinkabouttherelationshipbetweenhumansandanimals,andrealizetheimportanceofharmoniousco-existencebetweenhumansandanimals,soastoestablishasustainabledevelopmentoutlook.UnderstandthedailystudyandlifeofBritishmiddleschoolstudentsbywatchingvideos.Basedonyourowndailystudyandlife,comparethestudyandlifeinChineseandBritishschools,andfindoutthesimilaritiesanddifferencesbetweenthetwo.Talkaboutyourfirstimpressionofhighschoollife,andhaveapreliminaryperceptionofthestudyandlifeintheseniorhighschoolstage.TeachingFocusesandAnticipatedDifficultiesStudentscanunderstandthestructureandfunctionofattributiveclausesandbeabletoapplythem.Masterthecorrectusageofidiomsinlanguage,andusethemtoexpressideas.Improvetheabilitytoanalyzeandsolveproblemsandexpressopinionsappropriatelyindifferentsituations.Thinkdeeplyabouttherelationshipbetweenhumansandanimalsandestablishasustainabledevelopmentoutlook.GrammarPART.02Lookatthesentencesfromthereadingpassageandanswerthequestion.1.Whatdo“where”,“when”and“why”refertoineachsentence?“where”refersto“theplaces”insentence(a).“when”refersto“atime”insentence(b).“why”refersto“themainreason”insentence(c).Comparethemwiththefollowingsentencesandanswerthequestions.2.Whatisthedifferencebetweenthetwogroupsofsentences?Sentences(a),(b)and(c)containaclausedefininganounorpronouninthesentence.Sentences(d),(e)and(f)areconstructedwithapairofsimplesentences,withonedefininganounorpronounintheothersentenceineachpair.Comparethemwiththefollowingsentencesandanswerthequestions.3.Whydoestheauthorchoosetousesentences(a),(b)and(c)inthereadingpassage?Becausethereisacloserlinkandconnectionbetweentheitemandtheclausedefiningitinsentences(a),(b)and(c).Itwillalsomakethepassageclearer,andcreateanemphaticeffectonthelocation,timeandreasonbeingdefined.Attributiveclauses(2)(定語從句)定語從句：在復合句中用來限制、描繪或說明主句中某一名詞或代詞而起定語作用的從句。先行詞：定語從句所修飾的名詞或代詞叫作先行詞。先行詞可以是人、物，也可以是整個句子或者句子的一部分，先行詞一般位于定語從句之前。Sheisakindteacherwhooftenhelpsstudentswiththeirproblems.Tomdecidedtostarthisownbusiness,whichamazedhisparents.關(guān)系詞：引導定語從句的詞叫作關(guān)系詞。按照關(guān)系詞在定語從句中所作的成分，可將關(guān)系詞分為關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞。Thebeautifulcitywhich/thatwevisitedlastsummerisHangzhou.ThisistheplacewhereImetmybestfriend.關(guān)系詞關(guān)系詞先行詞充當?shù)某煞株P(guān)系代詞that指人、物主語、賓語、表語which指物、句子主語、賓語、表語who指人主語、賓語、表語whom指人賓語whose指人、物定語as指人、物或句子主語、賓語、表語關(guān)系副詞when表示時間的名詞時間狀語where表示地點的名詞地點狀語why表示原因的名詞原因狀語一、定語從句的分類1.限制性定語從句限制性定語從句對先行詞起修飾、限制作用，是句中不可缺少的部分，主句和從句關(guān)系非常緊密，不能用逗號分開。Heboughtthebookthat/whichisrecommendedbytheteacher.2.非限制性定語從句非限制性定語從句往往是對先行詞或整個主句進行附加說明，主從句的關(guān)系并不十分密切，若將其去掉，主句的意義仍然完整清楚。從句和主句之間往往用逗號隔開。除了that以外，其他的關(guān)系代詞及關(guān)系副詞都和限制性定語從句用法相同，只是所有關(guān)系詞都必須寫上，不能省略。Beijing,whichisthecapitalofChina,hasalonghistory.二、關(guān)系副詞1.whenwhen引導定語從句，其先行詞是表示時間的名詞，如time,morning,day,week,month,year等，when在從句中作時間狀語。Istillrememberthesummerwhenmyfamilyvisitedtheancienttown.

我仍然記得全家人一起游覽古鎮(zhèn)的那個夏天。TheyearwhenIlearnedtoplaythepianowasfullofchallenges.

我學習彈鋼琴的那一年充滿了挑戰(zhàn)。Therewasatimewhenpeoplereliedonhandwrittenletterstocommunicate.

曾有一段時間，人們依靠手寫書信來交流。2.wherewhere引導定語從句,其先行詞往往是表示地點的名詞，如place,room,house,school,city等，where在從句中作地點狀語。這里說的“地點”名詞包含著：①具體的地點,如place,house;②抽象的地點,如case,stage,situation,position;③隱性的地點,如news,story等。Theparkwhereweoftenhavepicnicsisverybeautiful.

我們經(jīng)常去野餐的那個公園非常漂亮。Weareinasituationwherewehavetomakeaquickdecision.

我們處于一種必須迅速做出決定的情形中。Thestorywheretheherosavesthevillagefromdangerisveryinspiring.

那個英雄拯救村莊于危難之中的故事很鼓舞人心。3.whywhy引導定語從句，表示原因或理由，其先行詞是reason。why在定語從句中作原因狀語。Canyoutellmethereasonwhythetrainwasdelayed?

你能告訴我火車晚點的原因嗎？Scientistsarestudyingthereasonwhysomeplantscansurviveinextremeenvironments.

科學家們正在研究某些植物能在極端環(huán)境中存活的原因。Idon’tunderstandthereasonwhyshesuddenlystoppedtalkingtome.

我不明白她為什么突然不和我說話了。關(guān)系代詞與關(guān)系副詞的選用：1.若從句的謂語動詞是及物動詞，后面若無賓語，用關(guān)系代詞；是不及物動詞則用關(guān)系副詞。Thisisthemuseumwhichweexploredlastweekend.I’llneverforgettheyearwhenIstudiedabroad.2.若關(guān)系詞在從句中作主語或賓語，則用關(guān)系代詞；若作狀語，則用關(guān)系副詞。ThenovelthatIborrowedfromthelibraryisfascinating.Thisisthecitywheremydreambegan.Thereasonwhysheleftisstillunknown.Attention1.當先行詞為situation,case,stage,point等抽象地點名詞，且關(guān)系詞在定語從句中作狀語時，也要用關(guān)系副詞where引導。Thecompanyisinasituationwherecost-cuttingmeasuresarenecessary.2.如果先行詞way后面的定語從句中缺少賓語，則用that/which或省略關(guān)系詞。Theway(that/which)shesolvedtheproblemimpressedusall.3.先行詞occasion作“時機”講時，用關(guān)系副詞when；作“場合”講時，用關(guān)系副詞where。Thereareoccasionswhensilenceisthebestanswer.Thisisanoccasionwhereformaldressisrequired.4.關(guān)系副詞when,where可用于非限制性定語從句，而關(guān)系副詞why不可以。AttentionReadthepassageandunderlinethewordsthatwhere,whenandwhyreferto.InApril2017,twogiantpandasfromChinaarrivedatazoointheNetherlands.There,theywerewelcomedtotheChinese-stylecompoundwhere

theyweretolive.On30May,afterthepreparationswerecomplete,thedayfinallycamewhen

thepandasmettheirfansforthefirsttime.Peoplewereexcited–thezooistheonlyplaceinthecountrywhere

itispossibletoseepandas.Infact,thelasttimetherewerepandasintheNetherlandswasin1987.Andofcourse,themainreasonwhy

theyweresoexcitedisthatpandasarejustsocute!Completetheemailwithwhere,whenorwhy.wherewhenwhywhereLookatthepicturesandcompletetheidiomswithanimalnames.12435beebirdsmicehorsesdogscatsCompletetheparagraphwiththeanimalidiomsinActivity4.Englishidiomsareawayofaddingcolourtothelanguage.Forexample,insteadofsaying“It’srainingheavily”,youcouldsay“1_________________________”.Anotherreasontouseidiomsisthattheyareconcise.Forexample,todescribesomeonewhoisalwaysworkingorbusydoingsomething,wecansaytheyare2________________.Ifthey’rerushingintosomethingandshouldwaitandbepatient,youcouldsay“3__________________”.Learningidiomscanbefun,especiallywhenwecomparethemtoChineseequivalents.Take,forexample,“4___________________________________”(peopledowhattheywantandhavefunwhensomeoneinauthorityisabsent)and“5____________________________”(solvetwoproblemswithoneaction)–aretherecorrespondingidiomsinChinese?It’srainingcatsanddogs.asbusyasabeeholdyourhorsesWhenthecat’saway,themicewillplay.killtwobirdswithonestoneWorkinpairs.Findmoreanimalidioms.Chooseanidiomanddescribeasituationwithit.A:She’sasbusyasabee.B:Whatmakesyousaythat?...Love

me,

love

my

dog.

愛屋及烏。Don’t

ride

the

high

horse.勿擺架子。Never

offer

to

teach

fish

to

swim.

不要班門弄斧。Fine

feathers

make

fine

birds.

人憑衣裳馬憑鞍。ListeningPART.03Dogswerefirstdomesticatedover14,000yearsago.Sheep,cowsandpigshavebeenkeptathomeassourcesoffoodforaround7,000years.TheoldestzoointheworldisinVienna,openedin1752.TheoldestzooinChinaisBeijingZoo,whichwasfoundedin1906.DidYouKnow?ListentotheTVdebateandchoosethecorrecttopic.Canzooanimalssurviveinthewild?Canzoosofferanimalstheirnaturalenvironment?Shouldwekeepwildanimalsinthezoo?Shouldweeducatepeoplemoreaboutanimals?Listenagainandcompletethemindmap.indangerofdyingouteducatepeopleaboutanimalsnaturalenvironmentsdependtoomuchonhumansasgoodasdomoregoodforNowtalkabouthowthespeakersexpressagreementanddisagreement.Listenagainifnecessary.Workinpairs.Holdadebateonwhetherweshouldkeepanimalsaspets.

studentAYouareinfavourofkeepinganimalsaspets.Youhavethefollowingarguments:Keepingpetsdevelopsakindandcaringattitudetowardsanimals.Keepingpetsisgoodforpeople’sphysicalandmentalhealth.Keepingpetshelpspeopleknowmoreaboutanimals.

studentBYouareagainstkeepinganimalsaspets.Youhavethefollowingarguments:Caringforotherpeopleismoreimportantthancaringforanimals.Itisbadforanimals’physicalandmentalhealthtobekeptaspets.Animalskeptathomecancausetroubleforneighbours.Workinpairs.Holdadebateonwhetherweshouldkeepanimalsaspets.Workinpairs.Thinkofanothertopicthatisrelatedtoanimalsandholdadebate.Vocabulary1.accommodationaccommodatev.提供住宿(或膳宿、座位等)；容納provideaccommodationsfor 為……提供膳宿accommodate/adapt(oneself)to 適應；使……適應……例題：Duringthepeaktouristseason,findingsuitable______________(accommodate)inpopulardestinationscanbeachallenge.accommodationExercisePART.041.Theuniversitywasf_________(創(chuàng)立)in1900andhasalong-standingreputation.2.Solarpowerisbecominganincreasinglyimportants_______(來源)ofrenewableenergy.3.Teachersshouldusethe