第08講Unit2單詞詞組短語知識(shí)點(diǎn)講解1．了解本單元的單詞和詞組等重要語言點(diǎn)。2．可以根據(jù)本節(jié)課的內(nèi)容來完成一些習(xí)題。1.persuadevt.勸說；說服；使相信【典型例句】Thephraseinmyopiniontellsusthatthepassageislikelymeanttopersuade.(教材典句)短語inmyopinion告訴我們這篇文章有可能是想說服(人們)。(2020·全國(guó)Ⅲ卷)Idoknowhowupsettheshopstaffcanget,butItrytopersuadethemtokeepsmiling.我知道商店的工作人員會(huì)有多難過,但我試圖說服他們繼續(xù)微笑。Manycustomersarepersuadedintobuyingsomethingtheydon’tneed.很多顧客被說服買了他們并不需要的東西。Ipersuadedmyfatheroutofsmoking.我勸服了我父親戒煙。IntheendIpersuadedhimofitstruth.最終,我使他相信它是真的。Advertisementspersuadeusthatnewerisbetterandthatwewillbehappierwiththelatestproducts.廣告使我們相信越新越好，而且使我們相信擁有最新的產(chǎn)品我們就會(huì)更幸福。Itriedtopersuadehimnottogotothecinema,buthedidn'tlistentome.我試圖說服他不要去看電影，但是他不聽我的勸告。[知識(shí)拓展]persuadesb.todosth.＝persuadeodoingsth.說服某人做某事persuadesb.nottodosth.＝persuadesb.outof(doing)sth.說服某人不做某事persuadesb.ofsth./persuadesb.that...使某人相信……[即學(xué)即練]——單句語法填空/完成句子①Canyoupersuadeher_______wearingthatdress?②Hepersuadedmeout________lendinghimallmysavings.③Hepersuadedher________(go)toschool,eventhoughshedidnotwantto.

④我們說服了他不把錢借給那個(gè)人。Wehismoneytothatman.⑤我將說服他把藥吃下去。Ishall．2.switchvt.轉(zhuǎn)換；交換vt.&vi.(使)改變；轉(zhuǎn)變n．開關(guān)；轉(zhuǎn)換器；改變【典型例句】HaveyoueverforgottentoswitchofftheTVorcomputer?(教材典句)你是否曾忘記關(guān)電視或電腦?(2020·天津高考)Hepullsoutaspecialdevice,pointsitatthesuspect,andswitchesiton.他拿出了一個(gè)特殊的設(shè)備,指向這個(gè)嫌疑犯,并打開了它。Wehaveswitchedovertomobilebanking.我們已經(jīng)改用手機(jī)銀行了。Heswitchedtheconversationfromonesubjecttoanother.他把談話從一個(gè)話題轉(zhuǎn)到另一個(gè)話題。Theboyoftenswitchesoffinclasssohenevergetsgoodmarksinexams.那個(gè)男孩上課經(jīng)常不聽講,所以從來沒在考試中取得過好成績(jī)。Forsomereason,whencertainshowsswitchedintoacommercial,aloudnoisewouldsoundforafewseconds.出于某種原因，當(dāng)某些電視節(jié)目變成廣告的時(shí)候，它就會(huì)發(fā)出巨大的噪聲，而且要持續(xù)幾秒鐘。Whennotinaroom,you'dbetterswitchoffallthelightsandthefan.當(dāng)你不在室內(nèi)時(shí)，最好關(guān)掉所有的燈和那臺(tái)電扇。Don'thangup,please.I'llswitchthroughtheextensiontelephoneforyou.請(qǐng)別掛斷電話。我這就給你接通分機(jī)。用法詳解(1)switchoff關(guān)上（電燈、電視等）switchon打開（電燈、電視等）switchfrom...to...從……轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)椤璼witchthrough(把電話）接到（某分機(jī)）,接過來(2)makeaswitch進(jìn)行改變同是“開”“關(guān)”，動(dòng)詞各異：(1)開/關(guān)（門、窗、盒子等）open/close/shut(thedoor/window/box...)(2)開/關(guān)（收音機(jī)、電燈等）switchon/off(theradio/light...)開/關(guān)（收音機(jī)、電燈、水、煤氣等）turnon/off(theradio/light/water/gas...)[即學(xué)即練]——單句語法填空/完成句子①Sheswitchedthelampbecauseitwasdark.②Hewassostubbornthatherefusedtomakeswitch.③我們問他們是否愿意和我們調(diào)換位置。Weaskedthemiftheywould．④你出門前要把電視關(guān)掉。beforeyougoout.⑤遙控器讓你在不同的電視頻道之間輕松地轉(zhuǎn)換。TheremotecontrolallowsyoubetweenTVchannels.3.preferencen.愛好；偏愛Yourhomewillalsolearnyourdailyroutineandpreferences,soeverythingwillbereadyforyouwhenyougethomeeachevening.你未來的家也會(huì)了解你的日常習(xí)慣和偏好，所以當(dāng)你每天晚上回家時(shí)，一切都會(huì)為你準(zhǔn)備好。Iamnotsurprisedatallthatshechosethewhiteskirt.Shealwayshasapreferenceforwhite.她選擇白裙子我一點(diǎn)兒也不感到意外。她一直偏好白色。Manypeopleexpressedastrongpreferencefortheoriginalplan.許多人強(qiáng)烈表示喜歡原計(jì)劃。Shewaschoseninpreferencetohersister.她被選中了，而不是她妹妹。用法詳解(1)preferdoingsth.寧愿做某事prefertodosth.寧愿做某事(2)prefersb.todosth.寧愿某人做某事(3)prefersth.tosth./preferdoing...todoing...喜歡（做）……而不喜歡......(幫）(4)prefertodo...ratherthando...(=woulddo...ratherthando...=wouldratherdo...thando...)寧愿做……而不愿做……[即學(xué)即練]——單句語法填空/完成句子①Inconsideringpeopleforthejob,wegive(prefer)tothosewithsomeexperience.②Shehasapreferenceblue,whileIlikeredbetter.③她愿意學(xué)小提琴而不是鋼琴。Shechosetolearntheviolin．4.instantn．瞬間；片刻adj.立即的；速食的；速溶的YourlightswillcomeontheinstantyouenterthedooralongwithyourfavouritemusicorTVprogrammes,andyouwillfindyourdinneralreadypreparedforyou.你一進(jìn)家門，燈就會(huì)亮起，還有你最喜歡的音樂或電視節(jié)目(會(huì)自動(dòng)播放)，而且你會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)晚餐已為你準(zhǔn)備好了。Kahootsoftwarecanprovidestudentswithinstantfeedback(反饋）,includingreportsabouttheirstrengthsandweaknesses.Kahoot軟件可以為學(xué)生提供即時(shí)反饋，包括關(guān)于他們的強(qiáng)項(xiàng)和弱勢(shì)的報(bào)告。Thestudentsdashedoutoftheclassroomthesecondthebellrang.鈴聲一響,學(xué)生們都跑出了教室。theinstant/themoment/theminute...具有連詞功能，引導(dǎo)狀語從句，意為“一......就......”。副詞instantly,immediately,directly也有此用法。Theycarriedoutthevolunteeractivityimmediatelytheyarrivedthere.他們一到達(dá)那里就從事志愿活動(dòng)。[知識(shí)拓展](1)n.[C]片刻，瞬間foraninstant暫時(shí)，一時(shí)，一瞬間inaninstant立即，馬上theinstant(that)…………就……（充當(dāng)連詞）I'llbebackinaninstant.我馬上就回來。(2)adj.立即的；立刻的；即食的；方便的instantnoodles方便面instantcoffee速溶咖啡[即學(xué)即練]——單句語法填空/句型轉(zhuǎn)換①JustforinstantIthoughthewasgoingtorefuse.②instantyouturniton,you'llgetboilingwaterfromourinstantboilingwatertap.③Immediately,acarpulledoverandayoungwomanjumpedout.→,acarpulledoverandayoungwomanjumpedmandn.指令；命令；控制vt.命令；控制【典型例句】Allcontrolswillrespondtovoicecommands.(教材典句)所有的控制都對(duì)那些語音指令做出回應(yīng)。(2019·全國(guó)卷Ⅰ)Firstofall,havinglivedinChinaforsixteenyearsandhavinglearntEnglishsinceIwasachild,IhaveagoodcommandofEnglishandChinese,whichisbeneficialforintroducingChinesepaintings.首先,我在中國(guó)生活了16年,從小就學(xué)習(xí)英語,所以我對(duì)英語和漢語都有很好的掌握,這就有益于介紹中國(guó)繪畫。Thegeneralcommandedhismentoattackthecity.將軍下令讓部下攻城。Hecommandedthatthetroops(should)crosstheriver.他命令部隊(duì)渡河?！厩蓪W(xué)助記】語境巧記commandHismothercommandedhimtoworkhardtolearnacertainnumberofvocabularies.NowhehashadagoodcommandofFrench.Sohecommandstheadmirationofhisfriends.為了掌握一定的詞匯量,他媽媽命令他要努力學(xué)習(xí)?，F(xiàn)在他已經(jīng)精通法語,因此也博得了他朋友的贊賞。[知識(shí)拓展]havea...commandofsth.精通/控制某事commandsb.todosth.命令某人做某事beunderthecommandofsb=beunderone’scommand由某人指揮/控制command+that從句（從句should+V原，should可?。┟钭觥硎菊?qǐng)求、命令、建議、要求等詞后面跟從句時(shí)，從句謂語用(should＋)do/bedone，以下動(dòng)詞具有相同的用法。[即學(xué)即練]——單句語法填空/完成句子①Thecaptaincommandedhismen(pack)upandmarchon.②Hecommandedthatallthegates(shut).③目前，警察控制了這里的形勢(shì)。Atpresent,thepolicearethesituationhere.④這個(gè)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)命令他們立刻離開。①Theleadergaveacommandthat.②Theleadercommandedthatthey.③Theleadercommandedthem.6.relevantadj.有關(guān)的；有意義的【典型例句】Idon'tthinkwhathesaidisrelevanttothetopicwearediscussing.Hehasmissedthepoint.我認(rèn)為他的發(fā)言和我們正在討論的話題無關(guān)，他沒有抓住要領(lǐng)。Asforyoursecondquestion,wehavenoticedrelevantreports.關(guān)于你的第二個(gè)問題，我們已經(jīng)注意到了有關(guān)報(bào)道。Theworldonthelandseemstobeirrelevanttothem.岸上的世界，仿佛已經(jīng)與他們無關(guān)。Thedocumentsarelargelyirrelevanttothepresentinvestigation.這些文件與目前進(jìn)行的調(diào)查基本上不相干。Donotshowimpatienceifyoufeeltheinterviewerisrepeatingthingsoraskingquestionsthathavenorelevancetothematterinhand.假如你覺得對(duì)你進(jìn)行面試的人總是在重復(fù)或問一些與目前的事情無關(guān)的問題，你別顯示不耐煩。【重點(diǎn)用法】irrelevantadj.無關(guān)的，不切題的berelevantto與……有關(guān)relevancen.關(guān)聯(lián)；切題have(no)relevanceto和……(無)有關(guān)與……有關(guān)的其他表達(dá)形式還有：berelatedto；beconnectedwith等。[即學(xué)即練]——完成句子①這一點(diǎn)至關(guān)重要，我們還是接著談吧。Thispointandwehadbettermoveon.②她的長(zhǎng)相跟她能否當(dāng)個(gè)好老師無關(guān)。Herappearancewhethershecanbeagoodteacher.3.這部電影與課堂上正在討論的事情有關(guān)。①Thefilmwhatisbeingdiscussedinclass.(relevant)②Thefilmwhatisbeingdiscussedinclass.(relevance)③Thefilmwhatisbeingdiscussedinclass.(relate)7.inthissense(in...sense)從這種(某種)意義上來講Inthissense,thehomeoftomorrowisalreadythehomeoftoday.從這個(gè)意義上說，明天的家已經(jīng)是今天的家了?！镜湫屠洹縏hissentencejustdoesn’tmakesense,nomatterhowyoureadit.無論你怎樣讀這個(gè)句子,它還是講不通。[知識(shí)拓展]makesense講得通；有意義makenosense講不通；沒有意義inasense在某種意義上；在某種程度上innosense決不There’sno/littlesenseindoingsth.做某事沒有意義。[即學(xué)即練]——單句語法填空/完成句子(1)makessensetoworkontheproblembeforeitgetsoutofcontrol.(2)Thereisnosensein(force)yourselftogetwhatyoudon'twant.(3)Whatyousayistrueinsense.④這種事情決不能發(fā)生在我們學(xué)校。Innosensetohappeninourschool.⑤從這個(gè)意義上講它也有利于我們的健康。itisalsobeneficialtoourhealth.8.distantadj.遙遠(yuǎn)的;遠(yuǎn)處的;疏遠(yuǎn)的;心不在焉的派生:distancen.距離;間距【典型例句】(2019·天津高考)Tomanypeople,technologymeanscomputers,hand-helddevices,orvehiclesthattraveltodistantplanets.對(duì)許多人來說,技術(shù)就是電腦,便攜式設(shè)備或登上遙遠(yuǎn)星球的運(yùn)輸工具。Thebookshouldbeheldaboutsixinchesdistantfromtheeyes.應(yīng)當(dāng)把書保持在離眼睛大約6英寸處。Ifit’sashortdistance,walkingisthebestoption.如果是短途出行,走路是最好的選擇。Theycanseetheancientruinsatadistanceof20miles.他們?cè)?0英里外就可以看到這一古代遺跡。Icouldenjoytheviewofsnowymountainsfartherinthedistance.我可以欣賞到遠(yuǎn)處白雪皚皚的群山。Herfatheradvisedhertokeepherdistancefromthatfellow.她父親勸她與那家伙保持距離。Itwasdifficulttogettoknowherbecauseshealwayskepteveryoneatadistance.要了解她很難，因?yàn)樗偸菍?duì)每個(gè)人都很冷淡。用法詳解distantadj.遙遠(yuǎn)的；遠(yuǎn)處的；久遠(yuǎn)的bedistantfrom...離......遠(yuǎn)distancen.距離；遠(yuǎn)方；遙遠(yuǎn)；疏遠(yuǎn)v.不介入，與……疏遠(yuǎn)inthedistance在遠(yuǎn)方；在遠(yuǎn)處atadistanceof在……遠(yuǎn)的地方at/fromadistance隔一段距離；從遠(yuǎn)處keepsb.atadistance對(duì)某人冷淡；與某人疏遠(yuǎn)[即學(xué)即練](1)Thetimewespenttogetherisnowa(distance)memory.(2)Asweapproached，wecouldseethelighthousewinking.隨著我們靠近，我們可以看見在遠(yuǎn)處燈塔一閃一閃地發(fā)光。(3)Asthefamouspaintersays，thepicturelooksbetter.正如那位著名的畫家所說，隔一段距離看這幅畫會(huì)更好些。(4)It’sbetterforyouto.你最好和他疏遠(yuǎn)。10.inaddition另外;此外;也;還【典型例句】Inaddition,peoplewithconfirmedcasesmustgettreatmentunderquarantineassoonaspossible.(時(shí)事典句)此外,確診病例要盡快隔離治療。Inadditiontoreadingforknowledge,wereadforfunandinspiration.(話題典句)我們讀書除了為獲取知識(shí)外,還為了獲得樂趣與靈感。Iloveroses,andIthinktheymakeabeautifuladditiontoanygarden.我喜歡玫瑰,我認(rèn)為它們可以給任何一個(gè)花園增添姿色。歸納拓展addvt.&vi.增加；添加；補(bǔ)充說(1)addupsth./addsth.up把……加起來(2)addupto加起來等于；總計(jì)(3)addto增加；增添(4)addsth.tosth.把……加到/進(jìn)……里(5)addthat...補(bǔ)充說......詞匯聯(lián)想additionaladj.附加的；另外的；額外的additionallyadv.額外地；除此之外10.availableadj.可獲得的;可購(gòu)得的;(人)有空的派生availabilityn.可用/可得到的人或物【典型例句】Manyofthesenewinnovationsarealreadyavailableandbeingusedinsomehomes.(教材典句)這些新的發(fā)明創(chuàng)造中有很多已經(jīng)可以買到,并且在一些家庭中正在被使用。(2019·全國(guó)卷Ⅲ)Thetrend,then,wastowardthe“pennypaper”—atermreferringtopapersmadewidelyavailabletothepublic.當(dāng)時(shí)的趨勢(shì)是朝著“一便士報(bào)紙”的方向發(fā)展,其目的是讓廣大普通民眾可以買到報(bào)紙。Therewillbefourbasketballcourtsavailableforourusewithoneteacherwatchingovereachgame.將有四個(gè)籃球場(chǎng)供我們使用,每場(chǎng)比賽都有一名老師監(jiān)管。TheWindows7ExtendedSecurityUpdateswillbeavailableuntil2023forbusinessesofallsizes.(時(shí)事典句)所有規(guī)模的企業(yè)直到2023年都可以使用Windows7擴(kuò)展安全更新。歸納拓展beavailableforsth.對(duì)......有用beavailabletodosth.有空做某事[即學(xué)即練]1.Mr.Smith________________________themeetingonThursday.史密斯先生沒有時(shí)間參加星期四的會(huì)議。2.________________________thisafternoon?今天下午她有空嗎?3.I'mafraid____________________helpwiththeshowonthe19th.恐怕19號(hào)的演出我沒空幫忙。4.____________________________,becauseitisbeingrepaired.我的自行車現(xiàn)在不能用，因?yàn)樗谛蘩怼?．Youpreferhealthyfood________fastfood.2．Itis________(believe)thatsmokingdoesharmtoourhealth.3．Shewasthefirstwoman___________(win)thegoldmedalint