新概念英語第二冊期末話題作文添加文檔副標(biāo)題匯報人：?？碱愋蚖hatisyouridealhouse?直接問觀點類Whatdoyouthinkisthefunctionofart?Areyouenthusiasticaboutthepursuitofknowledge?WhyorWhynot?觀點選擇類Doyoulikehorrorstories?Whyorwhynot?話題作文（大作文）常考形式Whydoyouthinksomepeoplechoosetoworkfromhome?現(xiàn)象分析類Whydidyoudecidetohavehighereducation?Howcanuniversitiesimproveeducationquality?措施/建議類Howcanweimproveourdrivinghabitsforthesakeofsafety?話題作文（大作文）2.如何構(gòu)思內(nèi)容？一般來說，對于所給主題，要么回答是好的，要么是壞的；構(gòu)思內(nèi)容的時候就往好處或者壞處的角度構(gòu)思。1.想好處的思路：（1）“以人為本”--身體、精神對身體：身體強健；塑身養(yǎng)型；感官靈敏；四肢發(fā)達等。對精神：視野擴寬；提高意識；豐富內(nèi)心世界；生活充實；身心愉悅；內(nèi)心平靜；增進感情；各種能力培養(yǎng)；增強自豪感、自信心、榮譽感等。（2）“服務(wù)社會”--保護環(huán)境；節(jié)約資源；豐富生活；社會和諧；促進進步等。話題作文（大作文）2.想壞處的思路：（1）“以人為本”--身體、精神對身體：抵抗力下降，生（疾）病等。對精神：性格孤僻；失去自豪感、自信心……；內(nèi)心空虛；玩物喪志等。（2）“社會”：環(huán)境--破壞、污染；公共安全--危險、不和諧；經(jīng)濟--衰退、貧窮回答為什么，要學(xué)會找客觀事物的特點來做原因，或者大眾所認知的常識和觀點。一般來說，對于所給主題，詢問看法時，要么回答是好的，要么是壞的；構(gòu)思內(nèi)容的時候就往好處或者壞處的角度構(gòu)思。2.如何構(gòu)思內(nèi)容？話題作文（大作文）寫作專題（2）：大作文--內(nèi)容如何構(gòu)思（2）→八字方針“以人為本，服務(wù)社會”如何審題→題干核心名詞結(jié)構(gòu)模板→觀點選擇類如何搭建段落→主題句+支撐句+細節(jié)句+總結(jié)句課前回顧12.如何開展一個段落一般的段落結(jié)構(gòu)（1）TopicSentence（主題句）（2）SupportingSentence（支撐句）（3）DetailSentence（細節(jié)補充句）（4）ConcludingSentence（總結(jié)句）OneEnglishparagraphusuallyincludesthefollowingfourparts:話題作文（大作文）12.如何開展一個段落段落主題句（topicsentence）的特點Atthebeginningoftheparagraph.（段落第一句）presentingthemainideaoftheparagraph.（表明段落的中心思想）Astatementthatcanbeargued–notsimplyafact.

（不能是一個無法反駁的事實）Itshouldnotbeaspecificdescription.

（描寫細節(jié)的句子不能作主題句）

Relatedtothethesisstatement.（與主旨句對應(yīng)）

話題作文（大作文）12.如何開展一個段落判斷以下句子能不能成為段落主題句1.Hesenthiswifeadiamondringonherbirthday.2.Theymovedtoanewapartmentlastmonth.3.Todaymoreandmorewomenaregoingouttowork.4.Heencounteredanoldfriendyesterday.話題作文（大作文）12.如何開展一個段落判斷以下句子能不能成為段落主題句1.Hesenthiswifeadiamondringonherbirthday.2.Theymovedtoanewapartmentlastmonth.3.Todaymoreandmorewomenaregoingouttowork.4.Heencounteredanoldfriendyesterday.(X)(X)(X)(X)話題作文（大作文）12.如何開展一個段落①Guilinisanamazingplacetovisit.②First,itisaplaceknownforitsscenicbeauty.③Yougottoseethemountainsshapinglikecamel’shump.④WalkingaroundtheLiRiverwillbringyoutheuniquebeautyofthehillandwater.⑤Also,Guilinoffersarangeofadventureactivitiesforthevisitors.⑥Youcangohang-gliding,dobungyjumpsortakeaboatingtripandotheractivitiesforthevisitors.⑦Inaddition,yougettovisitexoticplaceswithinthecity.⑧Youcanexplorethecaveswherelotsofstalactitegrowortakephotosinthosefolkstreetswithlocalpeople.⑨ThesefeaturesmakeGuilinatrulyamazingplacewellworthavisit段落結(jié)構(gòu)話題作文（大作文）12.如何開展一個段落①Guilinisanamazingplacetovisit.②First,itisaplaceknownforitsscenicbeauty.③Yougottoseethemountainsshapinglikecamel’shump.④WalkingaroundtheLiRiverwillbringyoutheuniquebeautyofthehillandwater.⑤Also,Guilinoffersarangeofadventureactivitiesforthevisitors.⑥Youcangohang-gliding,dobungyjumpsortakeaboatingtripandotheractivitiesforthevisitors.⑦Inaddition,yougettovisitexoticplaceswithinthecity.⑧Youcanexplorethecaveswherelotsofstalactitegrowortakephotosinthosefolkstreetswithlocalpeople.⑨ThesefeaturesmakeGuilinatrulyamazingplacewellworthavisit主題句：地基支撐句：鋼筋細節(jié)句：水泥總結(jié)句：房頂段落結(jié)構(gòu)話題作文（大作文）12.如何開展一個段落Foranotherthing,cyber-datingisprettysafe.Firstly,thedatingwebsiteshaveastrictentrycondition.Ifyouwanttobecomeauserofadatingwebsite,youmustsubmityourpersonalinformationandensureitistrueandeffective.

Basedonthat,thewebsitewillmakeasurveyonyoursocialbackground,creditassessment,yourfinancialsituationandsoon.

Iftheyfindsomefalseinformation,youwillnotbeallowedtousethewebsite.

Secondly,thewebsiteusershaveenoughtimetodistinguishwhetherthepersontheyarechattingistrustworthyornot.

Iftheynoticesomepeoplewhohavesomeevilmotivesonthewebsite,theycanreporttothestaffatonce.舉例說明話題作文（大作文）12.如何開展一個段落【主題句】Foranotherthing,cyber-datingisprettysafe.【支撐句1】Firstly,thedatingwebsiteshaveastrictentrycondition.【細節(jié)句】Ifyouwanttobecomeauserofadatingwebsite,youmustsubmityourpersonalinformationandensureitistrueandeffective.【細節(jié)句】Basedonthat,thewebsitewillmakeasurveyonyoursocialbackground,creditassessment,yourfinancialsituationandsoon.【細節(jié)句】Iftheyfindsomefalseinformation,youwillnotbeallowedtousethewebsite.【支撐句2】Secondly,thewebsiteusershaveenoughtimetodistinguishwhetherthepersontheyarechattingistrustworthyornot.

【細節(jié)句】

Iftheynoticesomepeoplewhohavesomeevilmotivesonthewebsite,theycanreporttothestaffatonce.舉例說明話題作文（大作文）12.如何開展一個段落Solotripscanhelptodevelopnewrelationships.Foronething,thesolotravelerscanmeetnewcompanionswithcommoninterests.Whentheyareintrouble,theymayaskforhelpfromotherstrangetravelers,afterthat,thetravelersmayfindthelocalspecialfoodorfamoussightstogetheralongwiththenewpartners.Foranotherthing,

thesolotravelershaveanopportunitytomakefriendsordobusinesswiththosepeopletheymeetbychancebutsharethesimilarvalue.

Thetravelersmaychatwiththepassengersonatrainwhoworkindifferentindustries,suchasteachers,students,bankersevenworkers.Theymaydiscussthepolitics,theidols,economyandsoonandafterthiswonderfulconversation,theymaygivecontactinformationtoeachother.舉例說明話題作文（大作文）12.如何開展一個段落舉例說明【主題句】Parentsareusuallyeagertopassontheirvaluestotheirchildren.Butshouldchildrenalwaysbelievewhattheirparentsdo?【支撐句1】Maybedifferentgenerationsneeddifferentwaysofthinking.【細節(jié)句】Whenchildrenareyoung,theybelievethattheirparentsarealwaysright.【細節(jié)句】Butwhentheygetolder,theyrealizethereareotherviews.【支撐句2】Sometimesparents,especiallyolderones,cannotkeepupwithrapidsocialortechnologicalchanges.【細節(jié)句】Astudentwhohasfriendsofalldifferentracesandbackgroundsatschoolmayfindthathisorherparentsdonotreallyunderstandorvaluethedigitalrevolution.【細節(jié)句】Sometimeskidshavetofindtheirownwaystowhattheybelievein.話題作文（大作文）12.如何開展一個段落舉例說明However,thereareargumentsinfavorofchangingjobsfrequently.【支撐句1】Oneisthataworkerimproveshisemployability.Workinginseveraldifferentjobsoftenmeansthattheindividualhasmoreskills.Suchpeopleareseenasmoredynamicandversatile.【支撐句2】Anotherbenefitofchangingjobfrequentlyisthatonenevergetsstuckinarut.Frommyownexperience,IgotboredwhenIspenttoolonginajob.Followingthis,thequalityofmyworkwouldsuffer.

【支撐句3】Ialsobelievethatemployersgenerallydon’ttendtogreatlyrewardloyaltyorcommitment.Increasedwagesandpromotionareofteneasiertoattainbychangingjobs.生詞：frequentlyemployability就業(yè)能力dynamic有活力的versatile多才多藝的rut凹槽commitment貢獻promotion升職話題作文（大作文）試一試？【例】In1863theFootballAssociationwasestablishedinEngland,andtherulesofthegamehaveremainedessentiallythesameeversince.Theirrelativesimplicity,andneedforlittleequipmentensuredthatitbecameverypopular.ThepoweroftheBritishEmpiremeantthatitbecameplayedineverycorneroftheworld.翻譯要點·英譯漢試一試？【例】In1863theFootballAssociationwasestablishedinEngland,andtherulesofthegamehaveremainedessentiallythesameeversince.Theirrelativesimplicity,andneedforlittleequipmentensuredthatitbecameverypopular.ThepoweroftheBritishEmpiremeantthatitbecameplayedineverycorneroftheworld.【基礎(chǔ)翻譯】他們相對的簡潔性以及對設(shè)備的接近零需求確保了它變得非常流行?！具M階翻譯】足球運動（規(guī)則）相對簡單易行，而且不需要多少設(shè)施，因而這項運動迅速風(fēng)靡英倫。翻譯要點·英譯漢試一試？【例】Onesourceofangerisfailedattemptstochangeinthepast.Peoplebecomesofrustratedbyearliereffortsthattheycanactuallybecomemadwhenyoupointtoanimportantnewissue.翻譯要點·英譯漢試一試？【例】Onesourceofangerisfailedattemptstochangeinthepast.Peoplebecomesofrustratedbyearliereffortsthattheycanactuallybecomemadwhenyoupointtoanimportantnewissue.【基礎(chǔ)翻譯】人們因先前的努力變得如此沮喪以至于當(dāng)你指出另一個新的重要的問題時，他們會瘋掉的?！具M階翻譯】先前的努力白費了，人們沮喪不已，倘若你又提出新的重要問題，他們可能會發(fā)瘋。翻譯要點·英譯漢我們來總結(jié)下：你覺得英譯漢的難點是什么？翻譯要點·英譯漢我們來總結(jié)下：你覺得英譯漢的難點是什么？現(xiàn)階段如何克服？單詞不認識？認識單詞，可看不懂句子？不說人話？翻譯要點·英譯漢我們來總結(jié)下：句子翻譯考查什么？翻譯要點·英譯漢我們來總結(jié)下：句子翻譯考查什么？詞匯、短語句子結(jié)構(gòu)（語法）翻譯技巧實操很重要！實操很重要！實操很重要！翻譯要點·英譯漢翻譯的基本步驟【例】Theirrelativesimplicity,andneedforlittleequipmentensuredthatitbecameverypopular.翻譯要點·英譯漢翻譯的基本步驟1.通讀句子，結(jié)構(gòu)分析2.句子拆分或斷句3.分塊翻譯4.整合譯文5.重讀，檢查校對【例】Theirrelativesimplicity,andneedforlittleequipmentensuredthatitbecameverypopular.翻譯要點·英譯漢翻譯的基本步驟通讀句子，結(jié)構(gòu)分析句子拆分或斷句分塊翻譯整合譯文重讀，檢查校對1.通讀句子，結(jié)構(gòu)分析（1）簡單句：只包含一個主謂結(jié)構(gòu)句子叫簡單句；【例】Sheisfondofcollectingstamps.她熱衷于收集郵票。翻譯要點·英譯漢翻譯的基本步驟通讀句子，結(jié)構(gòu)分析句子拆分或斷句分塊翻譯整合譯文重讀，檢查校對1.通讀句子，結(jié)構(gòu)分析（2）并列句：包含兩個或兩個以上主謂結(jié)構(gòu)的句子叫并列句，句與句之間通常用并列連詞或分號來連接；

【例】Thefoodwasgood,buthehadlittleappetite.

食物很好吃，但他沒什么胃口。翻譯要點·英譯漢翻譯的基本步驟通讀句子，結(jié)構(gòu)分析句子拆分或斷句分塊翻譯整合譯文重讀，檢查校對1.通讀句子，結(jié)構(gòu)分析（3）復(fù)合句：包含一個主句和一個或幾個從句的句子叫復(fù)合句，從句由從屬連詞引導(dǎo)?！纠縏hefilmhadbegunwhenwegottothecinema.當(dāng)我們到達電影院的時候，電影已經(jīng)開始了。翻譯要點·英譯漢翻譯的基本步驟通讀句子，結(jié)構(gòu)分析句子拆分或斷句分塊翻譯整合譯文重讀，檢查校對1.通讀句子，結(jié)構(gòu)分析目的：可以初步判斷需要翻譯的句子是簡單句還是復(fù)雜句：

簡單句：基本上進行斷句再翻譯即可，注意詞語的處理；

復(fù)雜句：需進一步分析主從句，找出連接詞及主從之間的邏輯關(guān)系等。翻譯要點·英譯漢翻譯的基本步驟通讀句子，結(jié)構(gòu)分析句子拆分或斷句分塊翻譯整合譯文重讀，檢查校對2.句子拆分或斷句拆分要點：拆分原則：主從拆開，把句子的主干和修飾成分拆開，斷句用“/”表示；【例】Theirrelativesimplicity,andneedforlittleequipmentensuredthatitbecameverypopular.翻譯要點·英譯漢翻譯的基本步驟通讀句子，結(jié)構(gòu)分析句子拆分或斷句分塊翻譯整合譯文重讀，檢查校對2.句子拆分或斷句拆分要點：拆分點：引導(dǎo)詞/連接詞、并列連詞（除非連接的是兩個單詞則不需要拆開）、標(biāo)點符號、介詞處（固定搭配不拆分）、非謂語、主語很長時（拆到謂語動詞之前）；【例】Theirrelativesimplicity,/and/

needforlittleequipment/ensured/

thatitbecameverypopular.翻譯要點·英譯漢翻譯的基本步驟通讀句子，結(jié)構(gòu)分析句子拆分或斷句分塊翻譯整合譯文重讀，檢查校對2.句子拆分或斷句拆分要點：例外：拆分后，內(nèi)容很短或意思很簡單，就不拆分?！纠縏heirrelativesimplicity,/and/

needforlittleequipment/ensured/

thatitbecameverypopular.翻譯要點·英譯漢翻譯的基本步驟通讀句子，結(jié)構(gòu)分析句子拆分或斷句分塊翻譯整合譯文重讀，檢查校對2.句子拆分或斷句目的：可以快速找出句子核心部分，掌握大意：

技巧：如果讀起來不通順的時候，我們便可以重新斷句翻譯要點·英譯漢翻譯的基本步驟2.句子拆分或斷句（補充了解）翻譯要點·英譯漢翻譯的基本步驟通讀句子，結(jié)構(gòu)分析句子拆分或斷句分塊翻譯整合譯文重讀，檢查校對3.分塊翻譯拆分?jǐn)嗑渲?，以意群或者句段（不是指段落）為單位，進行詞義推敲，譯文分塊翻譯處理。【例】Theirrelativesimplicity,/and/

needforlittleequipment/ensured/

thatitbecameverypopular.【析】Theirrelativesimplicity他們的相對簡潔性

andneedforlittleequipment以及對設(shè)備的接近零需求

ensured

確保了

thatitbecameverypopular

它變得非常流行翻譯要點·英譯漢翻譯的基本步驟通讀句子，結(jié)構(gòu)分析句子拆分或斷句分塊翻譯整合譯文重讀，檢查校對4.整合譯文分塊翻譯之后，意群或句段的基本意思出來了，整合譯文，得到初步的譯文?！纠縏heirrelativesimplicity,/and/

needforlittleequipment/ensured/

thatitbecameverypopular.【析】Theirrelativesimplicity他們的相對簡潔性

andneedforlittleequipment以及對設(shè)備的接近零需求

ensured

確保了

thatitbecameverypopular

它變得非常流行初步譯文：他們相對的簡潔性以及對設(shè)備的接近零需求確保了它變得非常流行。翻譯要點·英譯漢翻譯的基本步驟通讀句子，結(jié)構(gòu)分析句子拆分或斷句分塊翻譯整合譯文重讀，檢查校對5.重讀，檢查校