英語詞匯學試題及答案

一、單項選擇題（每題2分，共10題）1.Thebasicwordstockformsthe______ofthevocabulary.A.backboneB.branchC.edgeD.surface2.Thesmallestmeaningfulunitinlanguageis______.A.wordB.morphemeC.phonemeD.grapheme3.Whichofthefollowingisacompoundword?A.unhappyB.blackboardC.quicklyD.teacher4.Wordswhichhavethesameformbutdifferentmeaningsarecalled______.A.synonymsB.antonymsC.homographsD.hyponyms5.“Phone”isa______of“telephone”.A.abbreviationB.acronymC.blendD.clipping6.Theword“brunch”isformedby______.A.compoundingB.blendingC.conversionD.derivation7.“Childish”hasa______connotation.A.positiveB.negativeC.neutralD.none8.Therelationshipbetween“animal”and“dog”is______.A.synonymyB.antonymyC.hyponymyD.homonymy9.Theword“work”canbeusedasaverbandanoun.Thisisanexampleof______.A.conversionB.derivationC.compoundingD.blending10.The______meaningofawordisthecentralorcoremeaning.A.connotativeB.denotativeC.associativeD.affective二、多項選擇題（每題2分，共10題）1.Whichofthefollowingarecharacteristicsofbasicwordstock?A.ProductivityB.StabilityC.NationalcharacterD.Polysemy2.Themainsourcesofnewwordsare______.A.creationB.borrowingC.semanticchangeD.shortening3.Typesofantonymsinclude______.A.gradableantonymsB.complementaryantonymsC.relationalantonymsD.absoluteantonyms4.Compoundingcanbedividedinto______accordingtowordclass.A.nouncompoundsB.verbcompoundsC.adjectivecompoundsD.adverbcompounds5.Whichofthefollowingaremethodsofword-formation?A.AffixationB.ConversionC.Back-formationD.Coinage6.Thesemanticfeaturesofwordsmaychangeinthefollowingways______.A.ExtensionB.NarrowingC.ElevationD.Degradation7.Semanticrolesofnounsinasentencecanbe______.A.agentB.patientC.instrumentD.location8.Whichofthefollowingaretrueaboutcollocation?A.Somewordscollocatewithcertainwordsonly.B.Collocationisrelatedtomeaning.C.Idiomsarefixedcollocations.D.Collocationhasnothingtodowithgrammar.9.Thefactorsthatinfluencesemanticchangeare______.A.historicalreasonB.psychologicalreasonC.socialreasonD.linguisticreason10.Thecomponentsofawordinclude______.A.rootB.affixC.stemD.base三、判斷題（每題2分，共10題）1.AllwordsintheEnglishvocabularyareofequalimportance.（）2.“BBC”isanacronym.（）3.Synonymsarewordsthatareoppositeinmeaning.（）4.Compoundingisthecombinationoftwoormorefreemorphemes.（）5.Thedenotativemeaningofawordisalwaysfixed.（）6.Back-formationisaprocessofcreatingwordsbyremovinganimaginedaffix.（）7.Wordswiththesamepronunciationbutdifferentformsandmeaningsarehomophones.（）8.Thesemanticchangeof“meat”from“food”to“fleshofanimals”isanexampleofnarrowing.（）9.Collocationisonlyaboutthecombinationofwordsinasentence.（）10.Thebasicwordstockisthemoststablepartofthevocabulary.（）四、簡答題（每題5分，共4題）1.Whatisthedifferencebetweenfreemorphemesandboundmorphemes?Freemorphemescanstandaloneaswords,like“book”,“run”.Boundmorphemescannotstandaloneandmustbeattachedtoothermorphemes,suchasprefixeslike“un-”andsuffixeslike“-tion”.2.Givetwoexamplesofwordsformedbyblendingandexplainhowtheyareformed.“Smog”isfrom“smoke”and“fog”.“Motel”isfrom“motor”and“hotel”.Blendingcombinespartsoftwowordstocreateanewone.3.Brieflyexplaintheconceptofsemanticfield.Asemanticfieldisagroupofwordsthatarerelatedinmeaningandshareacommonsemanticarea.Forexample,wordsrelatedtocolorslike“red”,“blue”,“green”formasemanticfield.4.Whatistheroleofcontextinunderstandingwordmeaning?Contexthelpstodisambiguatewordswithmultiplemeanings,determinetheappropriatesenseofapolysemousword,andalsoaddsconnotativemeaningtowords.五、討論題（每題5分，共4題）1.DiscusstheimpactofborrowingontheEnglishvocabulary.BorrowingenrichestheEnglishvocabulary.Itbringsinwordsfromotherlanguages,addingnewconceptsandexpressions.Wordslike“ketchup”fromChineseand“piano”fromItalianshowhowborrowingbroadenstherangeofvocabularyandreflectsculturalexchanges.2.Howdoesword-formationcontributetothedevelopmentoftheEnglishlanguage?Word-formationmethodscreatenewwordstomeettheneedsofnewthings,ideas.Compounding,derivationetc.makethelanguagemoreflexibleandadaptable,enablingittoexpresscomplexconceptsprecisely.3.AnalyzetheimportanceofcollocationinEnglishlanguagelearning.Collocationhelpslearnersusewordscorrectly.Incorrectcollocationscanmakethelanguagesoundunnatural.Knowingpropercollocationsimprovesfluencyandaccuracy,asitreflectsnativespeakers'usagehabits.4.Talkabouttherelationshipbetweencultureandwordmeaning.Cultureinfluenceswordmeaning.Wordsmaycarryculturalconnotationsuniquetoacertainculture.Forexample,“dragon”hasnegativeconnotationsinWesternculturebutpositiveinChineseculture,showinghowcult