初中語法重點(diǎn)梳理｜非謂語動(dòng)詞核心難點(diǎn)全解析不定式todo一、什么是非謂語動(dòng)詞？非謂語動(dòng)詞是指不作謂語的動(dòng)詞形式，它們不受主語人稱和數(shù)的限制。主要包括：不定式：todo動(dòng)名詞：doing現(xiàn)在分詞：doing過去分詞：done今天我們先聚焦于最常見也最容易出錯(cuò)的——不定式todo。二、不定式todo的基本結(jié)構(gòu)不定式由“to+動(dòng)詞原形”構(gòu)成，如：togo,toeat,tostudy。注意：有些情況下，“to”是介詞而不是不定式符號(hào)，后面要接動(dòng)名詞doing，比如：Iamlookingforwardto

hearing

fromyou.beusedto

getting

upearly.三、不定式的五大常考用法1.作目的狀語（表示“為了…”）表示做某事的目的或意圖。?常見表達(dá)：todoinordertodosoastodo（較少使用）??例句：Shestudieshard

togetgoodgrades.Heleftearly

inordernottomissthebus.2.作賓語（跟在某些動(dòng)詞后）一些動(dòng)詞后可以直接接不定式作賓語。?常見動(dòng)詞：wanttododecidetodolearntodohopetodoplantodoagreetodorefusetodobegin/starttodo（也可用doing）??例句：I

wanttotravel

aroundtheworld.They

decidedtomove

toanothercity.3.作賓語補(bǔ)足語（補(bǔ)充說明賓語的動(dòng)作）在“讓/叫/請(qǐng)/允許某人做某事”的句子中常用。?常見動(dòng)詞：asksb.

todotellsb.

todowantsb.

todoallowsb.

todoinvitesb.

todoencouragesb.

todo??例句：Myparents

askedmetoclean

myroom.Theteacher

allowedustoleave

early.注意：感官動(dòng)詞（see/hear/watch/notice）和使役動(dòng)詞（make/let/have）后接不定式時(shí)，省略

to：Isawhim

cross

thestreet.（不是tocross）Let’s

go

now.4.作后置定語（修飾前面的名詞）不定式通常放在被修飾的名詞之后，表示將要做或?qū)l(fā)生的事情。?常見搭配：somethingtoeatabooktoreadthefirstpersontoarriveachancetowin??例句：Doyouhaveanything

todrink?Shewasthelastone

toleave

theclassroom.5.Itis+adj.+(forsb.)+todo...（形式主語結(jié)構(gòu)）為了避免句子頭重腳輕，常用it作形式主語，把真正的主語（不定式）放后面。?結(jié)構(gòu)：Itisimportantforustostudy

everyday.??形容詞舉例：easy,hard,important,necessary,possible,fun,interesting...四、疑問詞+不定式（how/what/when/wheretodo）在疑問句中，可以用疑問詞+不定式構(gòu)成簡(jiǎn)單句。??例句：Idon'tknow

howtosolve

thisproblem.Canyoutellme

wheretobuy

thisbook?Shehasn’tdecided

whethertogo

orstay.五、常見易混點(diǎn)總結(jié)1.目的狀語：todo/inordertodo

例句：Hewenttoschooltostudy.

2.賓語：want/decide/hope+todo

例句：IwanttolearnEnglish.

3.賓補(bǔ)：ask/tell/want+sb.+todo

例句：Momtoldmetofinishhomework.

4.后置定語：名詞+todo

例句：Ineedsomethingtoeat.

5.形式主語：Itis+adj.+todo

例句：It'simportanttosleepwell.

6.疑問詞+不定式：how/what/when+todo

例句：Idon'tknowwhattosay.

六、口訣記憶法（超實(shí)用?。㏕odo用途多，五種用法記心窩；作狀語表目的，作賓語跟動(dòng)詞多；作賓補(bǔ)要帶人，作定語后置別錯(cuò)；It作主語形不變，疑問詞前加不錯(cuò)。七、練習(xí)題小試牛刀（答案見文末）1.Shewants______(go)totheparktomorrow.2.Ineedsomething______(eat).3.It'simportant______(drink)enoughwater.4.Heaskedme______(help)himwithmath.5.Canyoutellmehow______(get)tothenearesthospital?八、總結(jié)掌握不定式的用法是學(xué)好非謂語動(dòng)詞的第一步！記住一句話：不