第一部分

教材知識講練選擇性必修第四冊UNIT3

SEAEXPLORATION續(xù)寫語料積累背誦·句之美1.(行為描寫)MylittlebrotherTobyimmediatelyspedupandrushedtowhereRubbywas.2.(心理描寫)IwasonpinsandneedleswhenPhyllisslowlymadeherwaytothefrontofthecrowd.3.(景物描寫)LastSunday,therewasnodirtintheair,onlybrightspringsunshineandaclearbluesky.續(xù)寫語料積累欣賞·語之秀Myworldwascloudedbytotaldarkness.Icouldfeeleverybodywasstaringatme,wideningtheirmouthsandnotbeingabletoutteraword.Thesuddensilencebroughtasharppaininmykneesand“failure”wastheonlywordflashinginmymind.語基自主檢測·目標確立核心單詞1.____n.紐帶；關系

vt.&vi.增強信任關系；使牢固結合2.______vt.擴展；使伸長；延長3._______vt.&vi.鼓掌

vt.稱贊；贊賞4.___vt.對……征稅；使納稅

n.稅；稅款5.______vt.謀殺；兇殺；毀壞

n.謀殺；兇殺bondextendapplaudtaxmurder核心單詞6.___vt.把……載入正式記錄；記錄

n.正式記錄；日志；原木7.______n.逮捕；拘留；中止

vt.逮捕；拘留；阻止8.__________n.職業(yè)；行業(yè)9.________n.反對者；對手；競爭者10._______vt.開發(fā)；利用；剝削logarrestprofessionopponentexploit語境運用(用所給詞的適當形式填空)1.Shouldtherichbeheavily_____(tax)inordertohelpthepoor?2.Hiseffortstoimprovethesituationarewellworth_____________(applaud).3.Yesterday,fiveyoungmen_____________(arrest)inconnectionwithoneoftheattacks.4.Therearemanyhiddentreasureswaiting_______________(exploit)underneaththesurfaceoftheearth.taxedapplaudingwerearrestedtobeexploited語境運用(用所給詞的適當形式填空)5.Tothisday,it'sunclearwhetherheshothimselfor________________(murder).6.Thepolicemanspenthalfanhourreadingthedetailsofthecrime______(log)inthecomputer.7.“Babymoon”isaperiodoftimethatparentsspend_______(bond)witharecently-bornbaby.wasmurderedloggedbonding語境運用(用所給詞的適當形式填空)8.Nowadays,auniversitydegreehasbecometheminimumrequirementforentryintomost___________(profession).9.Thecoursesarebasedonaweeklytwo-hourclass,_________(extend)overaperiodof25weeks.professionsextending派生單詞1.extendvt.擴展；使伸長；延長→_________n.延長；擴展；延長物；延伸→_________adj.廣闊的；大量的；大規(guī)模的；廣泛的；全面的2.negotiatevt.商定；達成(協(xié)議)vi.談判；磋商；協(xié)商→__________n.協(xié)商；談判extensionextensivenegotiation派生單詞3.mixvt.&vi.混合→_______n.混合；結合體；混合物→_____adj.復雜的；混合的4.covervt.

報道；覆蓋；蓋；包括；涉及→________n.新聞報道；覆蓋范圍5.possessvt.

擁有；具有；持有→__________n.個人財產(chǎn)；擁有；控制mixturemixedcoveragepossession語境運用(用所給詞的適當形式填空)1.To______therangeofservices,wearebuildingatwo-storey_______tothehospital.Besides,_________repairworkisbeingcarriedout.(extend)2.They_____________________abouttheitemsofthecontractforhours,butthe___________doesn'tseemtogosmoothly.(negotiate)3.He_____thetwoingredientstogetherinthebowlandthe_______tasteddelicious.(mix)extendextensionextensivehavebeennegotiatingnegotiationmixedmixture語境運用(用所給詞的適當形式填空)4.AreporterfromCCTVis________theincidentonthespotandithasalsoreceivedwide________bymanyothermedia.(cover)5.Thegallery_________anumberoftheartist'searlyworks,whichareconsideredtobetreasuresinits__________.(possess)covering

coveragepossessespossession高頻短語1.______________________ 獨領風騷2._______ 在手頭；可供使用3.________ 起航；開航4.___________ 采取行動5._____________ 作為……的回報；作為……的交換6.__________________ 為了；為了……的利益inaleagueofone'sowninhandsetsailtakeactioninreturnforforthebenefitof語境運用(選用左欄短語的適當形式填空)1.Thelawyerisconfidenttowinthecasebecausehehasgotsomestrongevidence_______.2.Inrecentyears,Chinahasbeenpushingthereformofpublichospitals__________________allitscitizens.3.Intermsofglobalinfluence,ChinaandtheU.S.clearlystand_________________________.inhandforthebenefitofinaleagueoftheirown語境運用(選用左欄短語的適當形式填空)4.Afterthegraduationceremony,webidfarewelltoeachotherand________foranunknownfuture.5._____________hiskindness,thoseanimalshecaredforstayedcloselyaroundhimuntilhepassedaway.setsailInreturnfor原句結構辨識寫作佳句背誦1.there'sanurgentneedtodosthFromascientificpointofview，thereisanurgentneedtostudytheArcticinordertounderstandclimatechangeanditseffects.我以為，當下關注青少年的身心健康刻不容緩。Frommypointofview,_______________________________thephysicalandmentalhealthofadolescents.(應用文之演講稿)thereisanurgentneedtofocuson

原句結構辨識寫作佳句背誦2.

which引導的非限制性定語從句TheancientsearoutestravelledbyZhengHearebeingrevisitedwiththe21stCenturyMaritimeSilkRoad,whichispartoftheBeltandRoadInitiative.風呼嘯著，塵土飛揚，讓人睜不開眼睛。Asthewindwashowling,dustwasflyingindisorder,____________________________________.(續(xù)寫之景物描寫)whichmadepeopleunabletoopentheireyes考點歸納探究·精準講練1.withdraw

vi.&vt.[課本義](使)撤回；撤離[增補義]退出；取款①Theyinsistedupona__________(withdraw)ofthestatementandapublicapology.②Thedrug_____________(withdraw)fromsalesoonafteranumberofpeoplesufferedserioussideeffects.③HenryDavidThoreauwashappytowithdraw____sociallife,seekingaharmoniousrelationshipwithnatureinthequietnessofhislife.withdrawalwaswithdrawnfrom就在那個時候，狼可能察覺到了人類的威脅，開始撤退了。Justatthattime,thewolfmighthavesensedthethreatfromthepeopleand___________________.

withdraw(sb/sth)from(使某人/某物)撤離；收回；退出

withdrawaln.收回；撤退；取款startedtowithdraw

withdraw$100frommyaccount從我賬戶中取出100美元

beforcedtowithdrawfromtheevent被迫退出比賽

Germany'swithdrawalfromthetalks德國退出談判2.mercy

n.仁慈；寬??；恩惠①Thesailorswerelostatsea,__themercyofthewindsandwaves.②Sheisakind-heartedwoman,whoalwayshasmercy___childrenwithoutparents.③Whenhewastakentohospital,hisinjuriesweresoseverethatdeathwouldbea________(mercy)release.atonmerciful那女人凍得發(fā)抖，在孤寂泥濘的道路上艱難前行，無情的雨水狠狠地擊打著她的身軀。Thewoman,tremblingwithcold,wasstrugglingonthelonely,muddyroadwhile__________________________________.themercilessrainkeptbeatingherhard

showmercytosb(＝showsbmercy)同情或憐憫某人

havemercyonsb憐憫某人

withoutmercy毫不留情地；殘忍地

atthemercyof任……處置；任由……擺布；受制于

mercifuladj.仁慈的；慈悲的

mercilessadj.殘忍的；無情的

havemercyonthehomeless憐憫無家可歸的人

atthemercyofthefate聽天由命

kneeldowntobegformercy跪地求饒3.possession

n.個人財產(chǎn)；擁有；控制①Youcannotlegallytake__________(possess)ofthepropertyuntilthreeweeksafterthecontractissigned.②(2020·全國Ⅰ卷)AllcustomerstravellingonTransLinkservicesmustbe__possessionofavalidticketbeforeboarding.③Athenswasmorelikeacooperativebusiness__________(possess)greatwealth,inwhichallcitizenshadarighttoshare.possessioninpossessing(普通表達)Havingagoodstateofmindisthefirststeptosuccess.(高級表達)__________agoodstateofmindisthefirststeptosuccess.

inpossessionof占有；擁有；持有

inthepossessionofsb/inone'spossession為某人所有；在某人的控制下

take/gain/comeintopossessionof擁有；占有

possessvt.(不用于進行時)擁有；具有；支配Possessing

thepossessionofapassport持有護照

comeintopossessionofavastfortune繼承一大筆財產(chǎn)

oneofhermosttreasuredpossessions她最珍貴的財產(chǎn)之一4.inhand

[課本義]在手頭；可供使用[增補義]手里拿著；在掌握中；在處理中①Soonschoolwillcometoanendandthevacationwillbe__hand.②Mywashingmachineisbeingrepairedthisweek,soIhavetowashmyclothes__hand.③MydadcametoourNewYearparty,dressedupasDonaldDuck,guitar__hand,singingsillysongs.atbyin他畢恭畢敬地走近他的上司，為自己造成的損失道歉，并乞求原諒。He_______________________________,apologisedforthelosshehadcausedandbeggedforforgiveness.approachedhissuperiorhatinhand

hatinhand畢恭畢敬地；態(tài)度謙卑地

athand在手邊的；在附近的；即將到來的

byhand用手；手工

ontheotherhand另一方面

gohandinhand齊頭并進

give/lendsbahand幫助某人

focusonthebusinessathand專注于手頭的業(yè)務

havethematterswellinhand事務盡在掌控之中

drawamapbyhand手工繪制地圖5.[教材原句]Inancienttimes,silkfromChinafounditswayoverlandtoIndia,theMiddleEast,andRome,alongwhatbecameknownastheSilkRoad.在古代，中國絲綢經(jīng)由一條陸路運到印度、中東和羅馬，這條路就是有名的“絲綢之路”。①Thefighttookplacein______becameknownasthecity's“trianglebusinesszone”，butthereasonremainsunclear.②Afterwalkingdownthegrassyplainsfor____seemedlikehours,Istoppedandrestedforawhile.③Aftermanydays'voyage,theyfinallyarrivedinAustralia,or____isofteninformallyreferredtoas“downunder”.whatwhatwhat我們開始了一天的旅程，沿著著名的“火山大道”驅車數(shù)小時，來到安第斯山脈的中心。WestartedthedaydrivingforhourstotheheartoftheAndes___________________________________________.alongwhatisknownastheAvenueoftheVolcanoes教材原句中的whatbecameknownastheSilkRoad是一個名詞性從句，作介詞along的賓語。what引出的名詞性從句常用作介詞的賓語，在譯成漢語時，雖然可譯成“……地方、時間”等，但不可用where或when來替換what。ThisdelicioustourgoesthroughthecityonitswaytoTreasureIslandwherewewillstopatwhatiscalledWinerySF.這趟美食之旅會穿越這座城市，前往金銀島，我們將停留在被稱為“舊金山酒廠”的地方。6.[教材原句]Overthecenturies,furthertradingallowedmoreexplorationoftheregionstothewestofChina,asrecordedinDuHuan'sRecord

of

My

Travelsintheeighthcentury.幾個世紀以來，隨著貿(mào)易的不斷發(fā)展，中國西部地區(qū)得到了更大的開發(fā)，這一點在8世紀杜環(huán)的《經(jīng)行記》中有所記載。①ThisshortfilmquestionswhetherNapoleondiedontheislandofSt.Helenain1821as________(record)inhistory.②(2023·新課標Ⅰ卷)As________(report)byalocalnewspaper,Baileywasmorethantwo-thirdsofthewaythroughherracewhenarunnerinfrontofherbegancryinginpain.③However,__mentionedpreviously,timespentoutdoorsisgoodforbothadultsandchildren.recordedreportedas據(jù)史書記載，秦始皇身材高大，濃眉大眼，相貌英俊。EmperorQinshihuangwasatallandhandsomemanwithbigeyesandthickeyebrows,____________________________.asrecordedinthehistorybookas作“正如；就像”講時，一般引導非限制性定語從句，修飾整個句子，但也常用于“as＋過去分詞”結構，此時，過去分詞多是表示“計劃，想象，預料，敘述，描述，提及，顯示，指出”等之類的動詞，如：asshownbythispicture；asscheduled；asexpected；asarranged；asmentionedabove；asdescribedinthestory；asrecorded；asexplained。Asexpected,Igotaroasting,butInowunderstandwhyIneeddiscipline.不出所料，我被嚴厲批評了，但我現(xiàn)在也明白了為什么我需要紀律。7.[教材原句]Hopefully,astechnologyimproves,wemayhavemoreoptionsformanagingthisbalance.隨著技術的進步，我們有希望擁有更多的選擇，來實現(xiàn)這種平衡。①(2023·全國乙卷)____timewentby,shethoughtmoreandmorethatshecouldmaketheLondonGames—andwin.②Yetasthemonthsofreducingwaste_________(continue),IdidwhatIcouldthatwaswithinmyownreach.③Today,______Chinaplayingagreaterroleinglobalaffairs,anincreasingnumberofinternationalstudentsarebeginningtoappreciateChina'scultureandhistory.Ascontinuedwith日子一天天過去，愛麗絲的挫敗感與日俱增，她感覺愈發(fā)地恐慌。____________________________________,Alice'sfrustrationmountedandshefeltagrowingsenseofalarm.as作“隨著”講時是連詞，用以引導時間狀語從句。介詞短語“with＋名詞＋doing”是一種復合結構，有時可譯為“隨著”，可與as引導的時間狀語從句互換。如：astechnologydevelops“隨著技術的發(fā)展”，可換成withtechnologydeveloping。Asthedayspassed/WiththedayspassingWiththefinancialcrisisspreadingacrosstheglobe,moreandmorecompaniesarebeingshutdown.隨著金融危機在全球蔓延開來，越來越多的公司正在倒閉。多維強基固本·達標訓練Ⅰ.用所給詞的正確形式填空。1.Asyoucansee,the__________(withdraw)fromdrugabuseisreallytoughonceyouareaddictedtodrugs.2.SilkwormswerefirstraisedbyawomaninwhatistodayHebeiProvince,as________(record)inhistory.3.AccordingtoLife

in

Likes,aschildren____(grow),theybecamemoreanxioustogetmorepublicapproval.withdrawalrecordedgrew4.Peopledrankakindofteamadefromleaves__________(possess)aspecialchemicaltoreducebodypainsandfever.5.Herewasachanceformetodistinguishmyselfbyinventingsomething________(mercy)thatwouldcatchsnakesbutnotharmthem.6.Thereareseveralreasonstobelievethattheurgestohelp,informandsharearenottaught,butnaturally_________(possess)inyoungchildren.possessingmercifulpossessedⅡ.在空白處填入一個適當?shù)脑~。1.(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)But__dayspassed,thearugulawentbad.2.Hepromisedtoextendthedeadlineforentrytothecompetition__24hours.3.Nativepeoplelivedin______isnowCanadaforthousandsofyearsbeforethefirstEuropeansarrived.4.(2023·新課標Ⅰ卷改)Thesoupdumplingsareprepareddifferently,andthewrappersarepressed__handratherthanrolled.asbywhatbyⅢ.熟詞生義(選出黑體詞在句中的漢語意思)1.(2021·全國乙卷)Thesedaysyou'dbehardpressedtofindanyoneinAustraliaovertheageof15whodoesn'townamobilephone.＿＿A.被逼迫

B.很困難 C.堅持不懈2.(2020·新高考Ⅰ卷)Herhusbandworkedtwojobstocoverthebills，andher68-year-oldmotherhelpedtakecareofthechildrenattimes.＿＿A.支付

B.報道

C.覆蓋BA3.(2020·山東新高考模擬考試)Ihonestlyhopeitwon'tbetoolongbeforeIcanputmyfeetonthegroundbelowandstandinaforestthatwillneverbelogged.＿＿＿A.記錄

B.行駛

C.采伐CⅣ.長難語句(分析句子的結構并翻譯成漢語)1.(2022·全國乙卷)Fruitjuices,milk-baseddrinksandmostalcoholicdrinksarefreeofthetax,asaresmallcompaniesmanufacturingfewerthan1mlitresperyear.

本句是一個復合句，可簡化為：Fruitjuices,...drinksarefreeofthetax,asaresmallcompanies...。句子的后半部分是as開頭的_____句，意為“……也一樣”，與so引出的倒裝句基本相同。另外，manufacturing...是動詞-ing形式短語作后置_____，修飾companies。[嘗試翻譯]____________________________________________________________________________________________________________倒裝定語

果汁、牛奶飲料和大多數(shù)酒類飲品都免除了這種稅，每年生產(chǎn)量不足100萬升的小公司也同樣免稅。2.Arguingisthatyouandyouropponentpresentyourconcernsanddiscussthefeelingsandissuesrelatedtothoseconcerns.

本句是一個復合句，可簡化為：Arguingisthatyouandyouropponentpresentyourconcernsanddiscussthefeelingsandissues...。句中的that引出一個_______從句，從句用了并列_______present...anddiscuss...，后面的relatedto...是過去分詞短語作后置_______，修飾feelingsandissues。[嘗試翻譯]____________________________________________________________________________________________________________表語謂語定語

爭辯就是你和辯方提出你們的關切，然后討論與這些關切相關的感受和問題。寫作提能培優(yōu)·進階訓練Step1.單句寫作(利用本單元知識補全所給英文句子)①1405年，鄭和指揮幾支大型艦隊起航前往非洲的一些國家。Several_____________________________________underZhengHe'scommandin1405.②這條海上航線就是后世著名的海上絲綢之路。Thissearoutewas___________________________________________.largefleetssetsailforsomeAfricancountrieswhatlaterbecameknownastheMaritimeSilkRoad③鄭和與這些國家的富商進行了商談，與他們進行了貨物交易。ZhengHe_________________________________fromthesecountries,andsoldandboughtgoodswiththem.④一些擁有大量財產(chǎn)的王室家族，送給鄭和很多稀有動物，作為友誼的象征來換取黃金、絲綢和香料。__________________________________________,sentZhengHemanyrareanimalsassymbolsoffriendship____________________________.negotiatedwiththewealthymerchantsSomeroyalfamilies，whohadlotsofpossessionsinreturnforgold，silkandspices⑤盡管中國在1433年之后退出了進一步的探險，但這條航線現(xiàn)在仍然是世界上最活躍的海上航道。ThoughChina_____________________________after1433,thisroutestillremainstobe_______________________________.withdrewfromfurtherexplorationthemostactivechannelintheworldStep2.銜接成文(利用恰當?shù)倪^渡銜接詞語連句成篇)____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

SeverallargefleetssetsailforsomeAfricancountriesunderZhengHe'scommandin1405.Thissearoutewaswhatlat