2/22025屆高一年級(jí)第一次聯(lián)考試題英語(yǔ)學(xué)科同學(xué)你好!答題前請(qǐng)認(rèn)真閱讀以下內(nèi)容:1.本試卷滿(mǎn)分100分，考試時(shí)間90分鐘；2.考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、考生號(hào)、考場(chǎng)號(hào)和座位號(hào)填寫(xiě)在答題卡上，并將條形碼橫貼在答題卡右上角“條形碼粘貼處”；3.作答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用2B鉛筆在答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目選項(xiàng)的答案信息點(diǎn)涂黑，如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案；4.非選擇題必須用黑色字跡的鋼筆或簽字筆作答，答案必須寫(xiě)在答題卡各題目指定區(qū)域內(nèi)相應(yīng)位置上。第I卷選擇題第一部分完形填空(共兩節(jié)，16小題；每小題1分，共16分)第一節(jié)閱讀短文，從短文的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有一個(gè)多余選項(xiàng)。A.provideB.feelC.moreD.whoE.lessF.perfectG.whenWhilesomepeoplesticktoonlyonekindofmovie,IliketowatchdifferentkindsdependingonhowI___1___thatday.WhenI’mdownortired,Iprefermoviesthatcancheermeup.ComedieslikeMeninBlackorcartoonslikeKungFuPandahavefunnydialogandusuallyhaveahappyending.Thecharactersmaynotbe___2___,buttheytrytheirbesttosolvetheirproblems.AfterIwatchthem,myproblemssuddenlyseem___3___seriousandIfeelmuchbetteragain.Laughingfortwohoursisagoodwaytorelax!Idon’twatchdramasordocumentaries___4___I’msadortired.DramaslikeTitanicmakemefeelevensadder.DocumentarieslikeMarchofthePenguinswhich___5___plentyofinformationaboutacertainsubjectcanbeinteresting,butwhenI’mtired,Idon’twanttothinktoomuch.Idon’tmindactionmoveslikeSpider-manwhenI’mtootiredtothink.Icanjustshutoffmybrain,sitbackandenjoywatchinganexcitingsuperhero___6___alwayssavestheworldjustintime.【答案】1.B2.F3.E4.G5.A6.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了作者喜歡看不同類(lèi)型的電影是取決于作者那天的感受?！?題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞。句意：我喜歡看不同類(lèi)型的電影，這取決于我那天的感覺(jué)。分析句子，設(shè)空處應(yīng)該填賓語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞，根據(jù)句意，“我喜歡不同的電影取決于我的感覺(jué)?！惫蔬xB?！?題詳解】考查形容詞。句意：角色可能并不完美，但他們盡自己最大的努力來(lái)解決他們的問(wèn)題。設(shè)空處應(yīng)該使用形容詞作表語(yǔ)。根據(jù)句意，此處表示“完美的”，應(yīng)該用perfect。故選F?！?題詳解】考查形容詞比較級(jí)。句意：看完之后，我的問(wèn)題突然變得不那么嚴(yán)重了，我又感覺(jué)好多了。根據(jù)后文的“andIfeelmuchbetteragain.”可知，前文應(yīng)該與后文muchbetter構(gòu)成并列結(jié)構(gòu)，表示“不那么嚴(yán)重”應(yīng)該用lessserious。故選E?！?題詳解】考查連詞。句意：當(dāng)我傷心或累的時(shí)候，我不看電視劇或紀(jì)錄片。分析句子，設(shè)空處應(yīng)該填寫(xiě)連詞，引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。表示“當(dāng)……時(shí)候”應(yīng)該用when。故選G?！?題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞。句意：像《帝企鵝日記》這樣的紀(jì)錄片提供了很多關(guān)于某個(gè)主題的信息，可以很有趣，但當(dāng)我累了，我不想想太多。分析句子，設(shè)空處應(yīng)該是用動(dòng)詞作which引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。此處which指代的前文的documentaries，為復(fù)數(shù)，同時(shí)描述的是客觀事實(shí)，故使用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。根據(jù)句意。表示“提供”應(yīng)該用provide，故選A?！?題詳解】考查定語(yǔ)從句。句意：我可以關(guān)閉我大腦，坐下來(lái)，享受觀看一個(gè)激動(dòng)人心的超級(jí)英雄，他總是及時(shí)拯救世界。分析句子，設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句，修飾先行詞superhero，引導(dǎo)詞在定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)，指代人，應(yīng)使用who。故選D。第二節(jié)閱讀短文，從每題所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Everyonehashobbies.Hobbiesbringusalotof___7___.Formostofus,theactivitieswetakepartinarecommonandeasytodo.However,thereareotherpeoplewholiketotake___8___.Theyaremoreinterestedindoingextremesports,suchassnowboarding,divingandrockclimbing.Manypeople___9___rockclimbing.Theycandoitindoorson____10____wallsoroutdoorsonrealmountains.Therearemanyadvantagesofrockclimbing-itisfunanditalsohelpspeople____11____theirworries.Themostimportantequipmenttohaveisgoodshoes.Theyneedtobehalfasizesmallerthanyourusualsize.Thenextthingyouneedisaharness(保護(hù)帶).Thisallowsyouto____12____freely,butwillholdyouupifyoufall.It'simportanttoknowhowtouseyourequipment.Ifyouarea____13____,it'sbesttohavelessons.Aclimberwithexperiencecanhelpyoualotwhenyouarelearningtoclimb.Rockclimbingisvery____14____forpeopleofdifferentages.Climbers,however,mustbecarefulnotto____15____themountains.Whensomerockclimbersclimb,theysometimesleavealotof_____16_____onthemountains.Theyshouldtakeitwiththemandthrowitawayintothedustbins.Thiswillletfutureclimbersenjoyacleanenvironment.7.A.health B.happiness C.wealth8.A.risks B.notes C.breaks9.A.hate B.mind C.enjoy10.A.simple B.smooth C.special11.A.forget B.get C.remember12.A.sit B.move C.fly13.A.climber B.teacher C.beginner14.A.relaxing B.difficult C.boring15.A.protect B.prevent C.pollute16.A.money B.rubbish C.water【答案】7.B8.A9.C10.C11.A12.B13.C14.A15.C16.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。作者介紹了少數(shù)喜歡極限運(yùn)動(dòng)的人喜歡的攀巖，包括攀巖的場(chǎng)地和設(shè)備。同時(shí)，作者也呼吁攀巖者要愛(ài)護(hù)環(huán)境，不要在攀巖的山上丟棄垃圾?！?題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：愛(ài)好帶給我們?cè)S多幸福。A.health健康；B.happiness幸福；C.wealth財(cái)富。根據(jù)后文的“However,thereareotherpeoplewholiketotakerisks.”（然而，另外有許多人喜歡冒險(xiǎn)。）可知，愛(ài)好是大家喜歡做的事情，做喜歡做的事應(yīng)該是能帶來(lái)幸福、快樂(lè)。故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，另外有許多人喜歡冒險(xiǎn)。A.risks風(fēng)險(xiǎn)；B.notes筆記；C.breaks休息。根據(jù)前文的“Everyonehashobbies.”（每個(gè)人都有愛(ài)好。）可知，本文討論的話(huà)題為熱愛(ài)做的事情。根據(jù)后文“Theyaremoreinterestedindoingextremesports”（他們對(duì)極限運(yùn)動(dòng)更感興趣。）可知空格所填應(yīng)該意指與極限運(yùn)動(dòng)相關(guān)的活動(dòng)。而takerisks意為冒險(xiǎn)，takenotes意為做筆記，takebreaks意為休息。故選A項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：許多人喜歡攀巖。A.hate討厭；B.mind在乎；C.enjoy喜歡。根據(jù)前文的“Theyaremoreinterestedindoingextremesports”（他們對(duì)極限運(yùn)動(dòng)更感興趣?？芍?，作為極限運(yùn)動(dòng)的一種，許多人是喜歡攀巖的。故選C項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：他們可以在室內(nèi)特別的攀巖墻，或者室外真正的山上攀巖。A.simple簡(jiǎn)單的；B.smooth光滑的；C.special特別的。根據(jù)攀巖常識(shí)可知此句中的“墻”和“真正的山上”形成對(duì)比，即人為特制的。故選C項(xiàng)?！?1題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：攀巖很有趣，而且它還能幫助人們忘記憂(yōu)愁。A.forget遺忘；B.get得到；C.remember記??；D.watched觀看。根據(jù)前文的“Therearemanyadvantagesofrockclimbing”（攀巖有許多好處）可知，此句闡明的是攀巖能讓人們忘記“worry”（憂(yōu)愁），放松下來(lái)。故選A項(xiàng)?！?2題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：它能讓你自由地移動(dòng)，但在你跌落時(shí)也能支撐你。A.sit坐；B.move移動(dòng)；C.fly飛。根據(jù)前文的“Thenextthingyouneedisaharness.”（你需要的第二個(gè)東西是保護(hù)帶）可知，此句闡述保護(hù)帶的作用，而攀巖這項(xiàng)運(yùn)動(dòng)就是往上爬。故選B項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：如果你是個(gè)新手，最好上一下攀巖課。A.climber攀巖者；B.teacher老師；C.beginner新手。根據(jù)后文的“Aclimberwithexperiencecanhelpyoualotwhenyouarelearningtoclimb.”（在你學(xué)習(xí)攀巖時(shí)，一個(gè)有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的攀巖者對(duì)你很有幫助。）可知，需要有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的人提供幫助的應(yīng)該是新學(xué)攀巖的人。故選C項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：對(duì)不同年紀(jì)的人而言，攀巖都是令人放松的。A.relaxing令人放松的；B.difficult困難的；C.boring無(wú)聊的。根據(jù)后文的“Iglancedatthemagazinecoverswhilepayingforsomegoods.”（然而，攀巖者必須小心不要污染大山。）可知，上下句構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，且本文旨在在介紹攀巖這一運(yùn)動(dòng)，故前句應(yīng)該說(shuō)明攀巖的好處。故選A項(xiàng)。15題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，攀巖者必須小心不要污染大山。A.protect保護(hù)；B.prevent阻礙；C.pollute污染。根據(jù)后文的“Whensomerockclimbersclimb,theysometimesleavealotofrubbishonthemountains”（有些攀巖者攀巖時(shí)，偶爾會(huì)在山上留下很多垃圾。）可知，丟垃圾這樣的行為會(huì)污染大山，攀巖者不應(yīng)該做。故選C項(xiàng)?！?6題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：有些攀巖者攀巖時(shí)，偶爾會(huì)在山上留下很多垃圾。A.money金錢(qián)；B.rubbish垃圾；C.water水。根據(jù)后文的“Theyshouldtakeitwiththemandthrowitawayintothedustbins.”（他們應(yīng)該帶著垃圾，并且桶里去）可知，代詞it指代的、要扔進(jìn)垃圾桶的應(yīng)該是垃圾。故選B項(xiàng)。第二部分閱讀理解(共三節(jié)，22小題，含第II卷第三節(jié)5小題；每小題2分，共44分)第一節(jié)閱讀下面三個(gè)語(yǔ)篇，從每題所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AYoulearnallkindsofthingsfrombooks.Booksopenupawholenewworldtoyou.Theycanmakeyousmileandcomfortyouwhenyouaresad.Youmusthavemanyhobbies,reading,paintingandsoon.Oneday,youhappentoseeaposter,“WorldBookDay”.Interested,youstopandreadtheposter.HelloandwelcometoWorldBookDayWorldBookDayisheretochangelivesthroughaloveofbooksandsharedreading,andbringbookstothechildrenwhoneedthemmost.WorldBookDayisanexcellentchanceforeveryonetocelebratethejoyofreading.●ShareAStoryLive—ourexcitingdigitaleventsprogramme,beamingauthors(作家)straightintoyourschool.throughreading.●Raisingmoney,raisingreaders—ourdigitaleventsprogramme,beamingfundraisingideastohelpuschangelives●WorldBookDayBookClub—anewonlinereadingcommunity.●ShareAStoryCorner—storiestoencouragefamiliestoreadtogether.HappyWorldBookDay!Forup-to-dateinformation,visitourwebsite!17.WorldBookDayisaspecialdayforpeopleto________.A.celebratethejoyofreadingB.changelivesbyraisingmoneyC.meetfamousauthorsathome18.Accordingtotheposter,ifyouwanttoreadstorieswithyourparents,youcanjoin________.A.ShareAStoryLive B.ShareAStoryCorner C.WorldBookDayBookClub19.HowcanweknowmoreinformationaboutWorldBookDay?A.Bywritingaletter. B.Bymakingaphonecall. C.Byvisitingawebsite.20.Thedesigneruseswordsandpicturesintheposterto________.A.catchreaders’attentionB.encouragefamiliestowritebooksC.helpreadersformreadinghabits【答案】17.A18.B19.C20.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一幅展示世界讀書(shū)日的海報(bào)。介紹了世界讀書(shū)日的相關(guān)活動(dòng)?！?7題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)方框中第一段“WorldBookDayisanexcellentchanceforeveryonetocelebratethejoyofreading.(世界讀書(shū)日是每個(gè)人慶祝閱讀樂(lè)趣的絕佳機(jī)會(huì))”可知，世界讀書(shū)日是每個(gè)人慶祝閱讀樂(lè)趣的絕佳機(jī)會(huì)。故選A?！?8題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文中“ShareAStoryCorner—storiestoencouragefamiliestoreadtogether.(分享故事——鼓勵(lì)家人一起閱讀的故事)”可知，如果你想和父母一起讀故事可以加入“ShareAStoryCorner”。故選B?！?9題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Forup-to-dateinformation,visitourwebsite!(了解最新信息，請(qǐng)?jiān)L問(wèn)我們的網(wǎng)站！)”可知，可以瀏覽網(wǎng)站了解關(guān)于世界讀書(shū)日的更多信息。故選C?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Interested,youstopandreadtheposter(感興趣的你會(huì)停下來(lái)看海報(bào))”可知，本文是世界讀書(shū)日的海報(bào)，作者使用文字和圖片是為了吸引讀者的注意力。故選A。BAteacherdecidedtoletherclassplayagame.Shetoldeachchildintheclasstobringalongabagwithseveraltomatoes.Eachtomatowouldbegivenanameofapersonthatthechildhated.Sothenumberoftomatoesinhisorherbagwoulddependonthenumberofpeoplethechildhated.Whenthedaycame,everychildbroughtsometomatoeswiththenameofthepeopleheorshehated.Somehadtwotomatoes.Somehadthreetomatoes.Someevenhadfivetomatoes.Theteacherthentoldthechildrentocarrythetomatoeswiththemwherevertheywentforaweek.Dayspassed,andthechildrenstartedtocomplainbecausetherotten(腐爛的)tomatoesletoutterriblesmell.Besides,thosehavingfivetomatoesalsohadtocarryheavierbags.Afteroneweek,thechildrenwereveryhappybecausethegamehadfinallyended.Thentheteachertoldthemthemeaningbehindthegame.Theteachersaid,“Thisisthesamesituationwhenyoucarryyourhatredforsomebodyinsideyourheart.Theterriblesmellofhatredwillpolluteyourheart,andyouwillcarryitwithyouwhereveryougo.Ifyoucannotstandthesmellofrottentomatoesforjustoneweek,canyouimaginewhatitisliketohavethesmellofhatredinyourheartforyourlifetime?”21.Theteacheraskedstudentstogiveeachtomatoanameofapersonthey_________.A.knew B.helped C.disliked22.Thestudentsfelt_________whentherottentomatoesletoutterriblesmell.A.unhappy B.scared C.surprised23.Theunderlinedword“hatred”inPara.4means“_________”inChinese.A.善意 B.憎恨 C.遺憾24.Wecanknowfromthepassagethat_________A.hatredcanmakeushappyandit’sgoodforourhealthB.carryingourhatredforsomeonewillmakeourlifehardC.hatredhasastrangetastewhichmakeuspolluted【答案】21.C22.A23.B24.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇記敘文，主要講的是一個(gè)老師讓學(xué)生隨身帶著寫(xiě)有他討厭的人的名字的西紅柿，隨著日子的推移，西紅柿腐爛發(fā)臭了，孩子們開(kāi)始抱怨，通過(guò)這個(gè)游戲，老師讓孩子們認(rèn)識(shí)到了不能帶著仇恨生活?！?1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段的“Eachtomatowouldbegivenanameofapersonthatthechildhated.(每個(gè)西紅柿都有一個(gè)孩子討厭的人的名字。)”可知，老師讓學(xué)生用它們不喜歡的人的名字給西紅柿命名，故選C。【22題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段的“Dayspassed,andthechildrenstartedtocomplainbecausetherotten(腐爛的)tomatoesletoutterriblesmell.(幾天過(guò)去了，孩子們開(kāi)始抱怨，因?yàn)闋€番茄散發(fā)出難聞的氣味。)”可知，當(dāng)腐爛的西紅柿散發(fā)出可怕的氣味時(shí)，學(xué)生們感到不高興，故選A?！?3題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第一段的“Eachtomatowouldbegivenanameofapersonthatthechildhated.(每個(gè)番茄都有一個(gè)孩子討厭的人的名字。)”和第二段的“Whenthedaycame,everychildbroughtsometomatoeswiththenameofthepeopleheorshehated.(當(dāng)這一天到來(lái)的時(shí)候，每個(gè)孩子都帶了一些寫(xiě)著他或她討厭的人的名字的西紅柿。)”可知，劃線詞所在的句子表示“這和你內(nèi)心對(duì)某個(gè)人的仇恨是一樣的”，劃線詞hatred的意思是“憎恨”，故選B?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段的“Theterriblesmellofhatredwillpolluteyourheart,andyouwillcarryitwithyouwhereveryougo.Ifyoucannotstandthesmellofrottentomatoesforjustoneweek,canyouimaginewhatitisliketohavethesmellofhatredinyourheartforyourlifetime?(仇恨的可怕氣味會(huì)污染你的心，你會(huì)帶著它走到任何地方。如果你僅僅一個(gè)星期不能忍受爛西紅柿的味道，你能想象你的內(nèi)心一輩子都充滿(mǎn)仇恨的味道是什么感覺(jué)嗎？)”可知，對(duì)某人懷有仇恨會(huì)讓我們的生活變得艱難，故選B。CNatureandcultureareoftenseenasoppositeideas.Whatbelongstonaturecannotbetheresultofhumanactivitiesandontheotherhand,culturaldevelopmentisachievedagainstnature.However,thisisnottheonlyopinionontherelationshipbetweennatureandculture.Studiesinthedevelopmentofhumanssuggestthatculture,whethertakenasaneffortagainstnatureoranaturaleffort,ispartofthedevelopmentofthehumanspecies(物種).Severalmodernwriterssawtheprocessofeducationasastruggle(斗爭(zhēng))againsthumannature.Wearebornwithwildnatures,suchaseatingandbehavinginadisorganizedwayoractingselfishly.Educationusescultureasawaytogetusoutofourwildestnatures;itisthankstoculturethatthehumanspeciescouldlearntoadapt(適應(yīng)),progressandraiseitselfaboveandbeyondotherspecies.Overthepastcenturyandahalf,however,studiesinthehistoryofhumandevelopmenthaveshownthattheformationofcultureispartofthebiologicaladaptation.Consider,forexample,hunting.Itseemstobeanadaptation,whichallowedhumanstomoveintonewanddifferentareas,openinguptheopportunitytochangelivinghabits.Atthesametime,thedevelopmentofweapons(武器)isrelatedtothatadaptation—fromrocksandstonestoasetofhuntingtools,andfromhuntingtoolstorulesrelatingtotheproperuseofweapons.Huntingalsoseemstoberesponsibleforawholesetofbodilyabilities,suchasbalancingononefoot.Justthinkofhowthisverysimplethingiscloselyrelatedtodance,akeyexpressionofhumanculture.Itisthenclearthatbiologicaldevelopmentandculturaldevelopmentarecloselytied.Thetransmissionofcultureseemstobedirectlyrelatedtowhat’sinourblood.Justassnailscarrytheirshell,sodowebringalongourculture.However,cultureisalsopassedonamongpeopleofthesametimesoramongpeoplebelongingtodifferentpopulations.WecanlearnhowtomakejiaozievenifwewerebornfromRussianparentsinParisjustaswecanlearnhowtospeakEnglishevenifnoneofourfamilyorfriendsspeaksthatlanguage.25.WhatisParagraph2mainlyabout?A.Culturebelongstohumannature.B.Educationpushesthehumanspeciestoprogress.C.Humansaresupposedtobewellorganized.26.WhydoesthewritertalkabouthuntinginParagraph3?A.Tosuggestsomepossiblewaysofchanginglivinghabits.B.Tostresstheimportanceoftoolsinhumansstruggleforlife.C.Toshowhowculturedevelopsashumansadapttotheenvironment.27.Theword“transmission”inParagraph4probablymeans“____________”.A.spread B.system C.spirit28.Whatisthewriter’sopiniononthenature-culturerelationship?A.Natureandculturearedifferentbutconnected.B.Culturedependsmuchonnaturetoprogress.C.Naturefollowstheunwrittenrulessetbyculture.【答案】25.B26.C27.A28.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇議論文，探討自然和文化之間的關(guān)系?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段“Severalmodernwriterssawtheprocessofeducationasastruggle(斗爭(zhēng))againsthumannature.Wearebornwithwildnatures,suchaseatingandbehavinginadisorganizedwayoractingselfishly.Educationusescultureasawaytogetusoutofourwildestnatures;itisthankstoculturethatthehumanspeciescouldlearntoadapt(適應(yīng)),progressandraiseitselfaboveandbeyondotherspecies.”（幾位現(xiàn)代作家視教育的進(jìn)程為與人類(lèi)本性斗爭(zhēng)的進(jìn)程。我們帶有野蠻天性，比如生來(lái)飲食無(wú)度，行為混亂，或自私自利。教育以文化的途徑幫助我們擺脫最野蠻的天性。由于文化的存在，人類(lèi)才能學(xué)會(huì)適應(yīng)，才能進(jìn)步，超越其他物種。）可知，該段講的是人類(lèi)天性野蠻，是文化和教育使人類(lèi)能夠擺脫野蠻的天性，不斷進(jìn)步，即教育促成人類(lèi)的進(jìn)步。故選B項(xiàng)?！?6題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段的第一、二句“Overthepastcenturyandahalf,however,studiesinthehistoryofhumandevelopmenthaveshownthattheformationofcultureispartofthebiologicaladaptation.Consider,forexample,hunting.”（然而，過(guò)去一個(gè)半世紀(jì)的研究表明，人類(lèi)歷史發(fā)展中，文化的形成是生物適應(yīng)的一部分。比如，想一想打獵。）可知，研究表明，文化的形成是生物適應(yīng)的一部分，隨機(jī)舉出打獵的例子。由此可知，提及打獵是為了舉例說(shuō)明文化是如何隨著人類(lèi)對(duì)環(huán)境的適應(yīng)而不斷發(fā)展的。故選C項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。結(jié)合語(yǔ)意，根據(jù)第四段的第三句“However,cultureisalsopassedonamongpeopleofthesametimesoramongpeoplebelongingtodifferentpopulations.”（然而，文化也在同一時(shí)代的人群之間或者在屬于不同群體之間傳播。）的“also”表并列可知，“Thetransmissionofculture”意同“cultureisalsopassedon”，則劃線單詞transmission同動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)passon，意為“傳播”。A.spread傳播；B.system系統(tǒng)；C.spirit精神。所以A項(xiàng)符合題意。故選A項(xiàng)?！?8題詳解】推理判斷題。通讀全文，尤其是根據(jù)第三段第一句的“theformationofcultureispartofthebiologicaladaptation”（文化的形成是生物適應(yīng)的一部分）及第三段的最后一句“Itisthenclearthatbiologicaldevelopmentandculturaldevelopmentarecloselytied.”（顯然，生物發(fā)展和文化發(fā)展密切相關(guān)。）可知，作者的觀點(diǎn)為文化的形成是生物適應(yīng)的一部分，則文化和自然不是完全等同的；但是生物發(fā)展和文化發(fā)展密切相關(guān)，說(shuō)明作者認(rèn)為自然和文化是不同的，但又是相通的。故選A項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)閱讀短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有一個(gè)為多余選項(xiàng)。OncewhenIwasateenager,myfatherandIwerestandinginlinetobuyticketsforthecircus(馬戲團(tuán)).Thereweresomanypeoplethatwewaitedforalongtime.____29____Thisfamilymadeabigimpressiononme.Therewereeightchildren,allprobablyundertheageof12.Youcouldtelltheydidn'thavealotofmoney.Theirclotheswerenotexpensivebuttheywereclean.Thechildrentalkedexcitedlyabouttheclowns,elephantsandotheractstheywouldseethatnight.Icouldtellthey'dneverbeentothecircusbefore.____30____Thefatherandmotherseemedhappyastheycouldbe.Theticketladyaskedhowmanyticketsthefatherwanted.Heproudlyanswered,“Pleaseletmebuyeightchildren'sticketsandtwoadults'tickets,soIcantakemyfamilytothecircus.”____31____Theman'swifeloweredherhead.Therewasnolongerasmileontheman'sface.Hequietlyasked,“Howmuchdidyousay?”Theticketladyagaintoldhimtheprice.Themanobviouslydidn'thaveenoughmoney.Buthowcouldhetellhiskidsthebadnews?____32____(Wewerenotrichourselvesatall!)Hethentappedthemanontheshoulderandsaid,“Excuseme,sir,youdroppedthis."Themanunderstoodmyfatherwashelpinghim.Hepickedupthemoney,lookedstraightintomydad'seyes,andintearsreplied,“Thankyou,sir,thankyou.Thisreallymeansalottomeandmyfamily."____33____A.Theticketladytoldhimtheprice.B.Itwasclearlyaveryimportantdayoutforthem.C.Myfatherdecidedtohelpthemandgivethemsomemoney.D.Finally,therewasonlyonefamilybetweentheticketofficeandus.E.Althoughwedidnotgotothecircusthatnight,wedidn'tfeelregretful.F.Seeingthis,mydadtooka$20notefromhispocketanddroppeditontheground.【答案】29.D30.B31.A32.F33.E【解析】【分析】本文是記敘文。講述了作者和爸爸去馬戲團(tuán)看表演。在售票處排隊(duì)買(mǎi)票時(shí)碰到一對(duì)夫妻帶著八個(gè)孩子。在孩子爸爸無(wú)法支付門(mén)票費(fèi)用時(shí)，作者的爸爸將20美元悄悄扔在地上，幫助了這位父親?！?9題詳解】上文“Thereweresomanypeoplethatwewaitedforalongtime.(人太多了以至于我們等了很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間)”可知，作者和爸爸一直都在排隊(duì)等待購(gòu)票。下文“Thisfamilymadeabigimpressiononme.(這家人給我留下了深刻的印象）”可知，在作者前面排隊(duì)的是一家人。D項(xiàng)“Finally,therewasonlyonefamilybetweentheticketofficeandus.(終于，售票處和我們之間就隔著一家人)”可知，與上下文對(duì)應(yīng)，符合題意。故選D?！?0題詳解】上文“Icouldtellthey'dneverbeentothecircusbefore.(我能判斷他們之前從未去過(guò)馬戲團(tuán))”以及下文“Thefatherandmotherseemedhappyastheycouldbe.(孩子的父母似乎非常開(kāi)心)”可知，這家人都非常期待看到馬戲表演?？赏茢噙@一天對(duì)于他們一家人具有重要意義。B項(xiàng)“averyimportantdayoutforthem(這一天對(duì)他們很重要)”符合句意。故選B?！?1題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Pleaseletmebuyeightchildren'sticketsandtwoadults'tickets,soIcantakemyfamilytothecircus.(我需要買(mǎi)八張兒童票和兩張成人票，這樣我能帶我一家人去看馬戲)”以及下文“Theticketladyagaintoldhimtheprice.(售票員再次告訴了他價(jià)格)”可知，這位八個(gè)孩子的父親是在買(mǎi)票，可推斷售票員告訴了他票價(jià)。故選A。【32題詳解】根據(jù)下文“Themanunderstoodmyfatherwashelpinghim.Hepickedupthemoney.(這個(gè)男士理解我爸爸是在幫助他。他把錢(qián)撿起來(lái))”可知，作者爸爸是故意把錢(qián)扔在地方，裝作這個(gè)男士掉錢(qián)了，而不是直接給錢(qián)幫助他。F選項(xiàng)“Seeingthis,mydadtooka$20notefromhispocketanddroppeditontheground.(看到這一情景，我的爸爸從口袋里拿出20美元扔在地上)”符合句意。故選F?！?3題詳解】根據(jù)上文，作者的爸爸幫助了這一家人去看馬戲表演。E選項(xiàng)“Althoughwedidnotgotothecircusthatnight,wedidn'tfeelregretful.(雖然那天晚上我們沒(méi)去看馬戲表演，但是我們不感覺(jué)到遺憾)”可知，作者抒發(fā)了對(duì)幫助這一家人的感想，即使自己沒(méi)有去看馬戲表演，仍然不后悔遺憾?？偨Y(jié)得當(dāng)。故選E。第II卷非選擇題第三節(jié)閱讀下面一篇短文，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容填空。閱讀下面一篇短文，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容填空Z(yǔ)oologyiseverythingaboutanimals.Andpeoplewhostudyitarecalledzoologists.Theywanttolearnaboutthedifferencebetweendifferentkindsofanimals,wheretheycomefrom,andhowtheylive.Whatdozoologistsdo?Therearemanydifferentkindsofzoologists.Sometrytolearneverythingaboutoneanimal,somelearnaboutagroupofanimals,sometrytounderstandwherenewkindsofanimalscomefrom,andotherzoologistsareinterestedinhowanimalscangetsick.Manyzoologistsstudywhatanimalsdowhentheyarewithotheranimals.AfamouszoologistCharlesDarwinisprobablythemostfamouszoologist.Heshowedthatanimalsareallonebigfamilyandthateverykindofanimalchangesslowlytomatchtheplacewheretheylive.Thistheoryiscalled“evolution”.Duringhislife,peoplelaughedatDarwin,sayingthatpeopleandanimalscouldn’tcomefromthesamefamily.However,manyzoologiststodayagreethatDarwinwasright.Whyisitimportant?Understandinganimalsisimportantbecausepeopleareanimals.Whenwestudyanimalswelearnaboutourselves.Doyouknow?★Frogscanbreathewithouttheirmouths!Whenfrogsarenotinwater,theirbodiescantakeairthroughtheirskin.★Somepeoplesaysharksnevergetsick,butthatisnottrue.Sharksgetsick,justlikeanyotheranimal.34.Thepersonwho________iscalledazoologist.35.InParagraph2,theauthortalkedabout________kindsofzoologists.36.CharlesDarwinisfamousforthetheorycalled________.37.Itisimportanttostudyanimalsbecause________.38.Inthepassage,theunderlinedword“that”refersto“_________”.【答案】34.studieszoology35.manydifferent36.evolution37.ithelpsuslearnaboutourselves38.sharksnevergetsick【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。本文介紹了動(dòng)物學(xué)家的概念、他們所從事的工作以及著名的動(dòng)物學(xué)家達(dá)爾文。文章還介紹了動(dòng)物學(xué)家的重要性?！?4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段的“Zoologyiseverythingaboutanimals.Andpeoplewhostudyitarecalledzoologists.(動(dòng)物學(xué)是關(guān)于動(dòng)物的一切。研究它的人被稱(chēng)為動(dòng)物學(xué)家。)”可知，研究動(dòng)物學(xué)的人被叫做動(dòng)物學(xué)家，故答案為studieszoology?！?5題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Therearemanydifferentkindsofzoologists.Sometrytolearneverythingaboutoneanimal,somelearnaboutagroupofanimals,sometrytounderstandwherenewkindsofanimalscomefrom,andotherzoologistsareinterestedinhowanimalscangetsick.Manyzoologistsstudywhatanimalsdowhentheyarewithotheranimals.(有許多不同種類(lèi)的動(dòng)物學(xué)家。一些人試圖了解一種動(dòng)物的一切，一些人了解一群動(dòng)物，一些人試圖了解新的動(dòng)物種類(lèi)從何而來(lái)，還有一些動(dòng)物學(xué)家對(duì)動(dòng)物如何生病感興趣。許多動(dòng)物學(xué)家研究動(dòng)物和其他動(dòng)物在一起時(shí)會(huì)做什么。)”可知，動(dòng)物學(xué)家可分為好多類(lèi)別,故答案為manydifferent?！?6題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的“Heshowedthatanimalsareallonebigfamilyandthateverykindofanimalchangesslowlytomatchtheplacewheretheylive.Thistheoryiscalled“evolution”.(他證明了動(dòng)物都是一個(gè)大家庭，每一種動(dòng)物都會(huì)慢慢地改變以適應(yīng)它們生活的地方。這個(gè)理論叫做“進(jìn)化論”。)”可知，達(dá)爾文為人熟知的理論叫做進(jìn)化論，故答案為evolution?！?7題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“Understandinganimalsisimportantbecausepeopleareanimals.Whenwestudyanimals,welearnaboutourselves.(了解動(dòng)物很重要，因?yàn)槿耸莿?dòng)物。當(dāng)我們研究動(dòng)物時(shí)，我們了解了自己。)”可知，了解動(dòng)物有助于我們了解我們自己，故答案為ithelpsuslearnaboutourselves?！?8題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)最后一段的“Somepeoplesaysharksnevergetsick,butthatisnottrue.Sharksgetsick,justlikeanyotheranimal.(有人說(shuō)鯊魚(yú)從來(lái)不會(huì)生病，但那不是真的。鯊魚(yú)會(huì)生病，就像其他動(dòng)物一樣。)”可知，鯊魚(yú)是會(huì)生病的，因此說(shuō)鯊魚(yú)不會(huì)生病是假的，故此處的that指代鯊魚(yú)不會(huì)生病這個(gè)說(shuō)法，故答案為sharksnevergetsick。第三部分寫(xiě)作(共四節(jié)；第一、二、三節(jié)共20分，第四節(jié)20分；共40分)第一節(jié)根據(jù)語(yǔ)境，用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。(每小題1分，共5分)39.Icanremembermymother'sbirthday.It'sonJulythe_________(twelve).（所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空）【答案】twelfth【解析】【詳解】考查序數(shù)詞。句意：我能記得我媽媽的生日。是在7月12日。表示“第12日”，用序數(shù)詞。故填twelfth。40.Theboringfilmmademeso________(sleep)thatIcouldhardlyopenmyeyes.（所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空）【答案】sleepy【解析】【詳解】考查形容詞。句意：這部無(wú)聊的電影使我困得幾乎睜不開(kāi)眼睛。makesb./sth.+adj.，句中用形容詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。故填sleepy。41.Aftertherainstorm,wesawrubbishand________(break)windowseverywhere.（所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空）【答案】broken【解析】【詳解】考查形容詞。句意：暴雨過(guò)后，我們看到到處都是垃圾和碎窗戶(hù)。分析句子可知，and并列前后兩個(gè)名詞rubbish和windows，空格位于名詞windows之前，應(yīng)是形容詞作定語(yǔ)修飾名詞，break的形容詞形式是broken，譯為“破損的，破碎的”。故填broken。42.Wemuststophurtingwildanimalsbecausethere’sno________(win)aftertheshot.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)【答案】winner【解析】【詳解】考查名詞。句意：我們必須停止傷害野生動(dòng)物，因?yàn)闃岉懞鬀](méi)有贏家。由“Wemuststophurtingwildanimals”和常識(shí)可知，句子表示“我們必須停止傷害野生動(dòng)物，因?yàn)樯鋼艉鬀](méi)有贏家”，空格處意為“贏家”，是winner，根據(jù)上文there's可知應(yīng)用單數(shù)，故填winner。43._______(luck),allmyteachersinthejuniorhighschoolarestrictbutkindtous.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)【答案】Luckily【解析】【詳解】考查副詞。句意：幸運(yùn)的是，我所有的初中老師都很?chē)?yán)格，但對(duì)我們很好。分析句子可知，此處應(yīng)填副詞作狀語(yǔ)修飾整個(gè)句子，結(jié)合語(yǔ)意可知，此處意為“幸運(yùn)地”，應(yīng)用副詞luckily。故填Luckily。第二節(jié)根據(jù)語(yǔ)境，選擇恰當(dāng)?shù)亩陶Z(yǔ)完成下列各句。短語(yǔ)中有一個(gè)為多余短語(yǔ)(每小題1分，共5分)根據(jù)語(yǔ)境，選擇恰當(dāng)?shù)亩陶Z(yǔ)完成下列各句。短語(yǔ)中有一個(gè)為多余短語(yǔ)putuparguewithtablemannersonfiregetonwithputoff44.Never_______whatyoucandotodayuntiltomorrow.45.Edisonoftengoescampingwithhisfriends.Theyliketo_______tentstogether.46.It’simportantforusto_______ourparents.Weshouldcommunicatemorewiththem.47.SteveisgoingtoBeijingtostudy,soheisaskinghisfriendaboutthe_______inChina.48.Ifyoufindsomething_______intheroom,youshouldcutofftheelectricityandleavethehouseatonce.【答案】44.putoff45.putup46.getonwith47.tablemanners48.onfire【解析】【詳解】1.考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)。句意：永遠(yuǎn)不要把你今天能做事情推遲到明天。短語(yǔ)：putoff“推遲”符合句意，本句為祈使句。結(jié)合句中“whatyoucandotodayuntiltomorrow”可知，此處指不要把今天可以做的事情推遲到明天。故填putoff。2.考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)。句意：愛(ài)迪生經(jīng)常和他的朋友一起去野營(yíng)。他們喜歡一起搭帳篷。短語(yǔ)：putup“張貼；建造，搭建”符合句意，結(jié)合句中“tentstogether”可知，此處指愛(ài)迪生喜歡和朋友們一起搭帳篷?？涨皌o為不定式符號(hào)，所以此處用動(dòng)詞原形。故填putup。3.考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)。句意：對(duì)我們來(lái)說(shuō)，與父母和睦相處很重要。我們應(yīng)該多和他們交流。短語(yǔ)：getonwith“與……相處融洽”符合句意，結(jié)合句中“ourparents”，可知，我們要和父母和睦相處。to后接動(dòng)詞原形。故填getonwith。4.考查名詞短語(yǔ)。句意：史蒂夫要去北京學(xué)習(xí)，所以他正在問(wèn)他的朋友關(guān)于中國(guó)的餐桌禮儀。短語(yǔ)：tablemanners“餐桌禮儀”符合句意，作賓語(yǔ)。結(jié)合前文“SteveisgoingtoBeijingtostudy”可知，史蒂夫要去北京學(xué)習(xí)了，所以了解中國(guó)的餐桌禮儀是必要的。故填tablemanners。5.考查介詞短語(yǔ)。句意：如果你發(fā)現(xiàn)房間里有東西著火了，你應(yīng)該切斷電源，立即離開(kāi)房間。短語(yǔ)：onfire“著火”符合句意，表狀態(tài)，結(jié)合句中“cutofftheelectricityandleavethehouseatonce”可推知，關(guān)掉電源，離開(kāi)房間應(yīng)該是房子有東西著火了，故填onfire。第三節(jié)根據(jù)中文意思，補(bǔ)全英語(yǔ)譯文。(每空1分，共10分;每空限填--詞)49.有時(shí)新年決心可能會(huì)太難而無(wú)法實(shí)現(xiàn)。SometimesNewYear’sresolutionsmaybe_______difficult_______keep.【答案】①.too②.to【解析】【詳解】考查固定短語(yǔ)。tooadj.todosth.是固定搭配，意為“太……以至于不能……”。結(jié)合句意，此處應(yīng)填too和to，toodifficulttokeep表示“太難而無(wú)法實(shí)現(xiàn)”。故填too和to。50.只有那樣我才會(huì)有機(jī)會(huì)實(shí)現(xiàn)我的夢(mèng)想。_______thenwillIhavea_______toachievemydream.【答案】①.Only②.chance【解析】【詳解】考查倒裝和短語(yǔ)。only“只有”，only+狀語(yǔ)置于句首時(shí)，主句應(yīng)