(2019)人教版選擇性必修三Unit3EnvironmentalProtection單元檢測(考試時(shí)間：100分鐘試卷滿分：120分)注意事項(xiàng)：1.本試卷分第Ⅰ卷(選擇題)和第Ⅱ卷(非選擇題)兩部分。答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)填寫在答題卡上。2.回答第Ⅰ卷時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)。寫在本試卷上無效。3.回答第Ⅱ卷時(shí)，將答案寫在答題卡上。寫在本試卷上無效。4.考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分聽力(共30分，略)第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。A【山西省運(yùn)城市2022~2023年度高中教育發(fā)展聯(lián)盟高二11月份期中檢測】Withalltherecentconcernabouttheenvironment,peoplewanttoseetheirmoneyusedtobettertheplanet.Herearefourwell-knownenvironmentalorganizations.WorldWildlifeFund(WWF)TheWorldWildlifeFundisperhapsoneofthebest-knownorganizationsfortheprotectionofendangeredspeciesandtheirhabitatsaroundtheworld.It’sbeenaroundforover60years.Youcandonatethroughtheirwebsitejointheirorganizationasamember,oradoptananimalthroughtheironlineadoptioncenter.NationalGeographicSociety(NGS)NationalGeographicSocietyisfamousfortheirmagazineandtheirspecialsonTV.Theorganizationitselfisoneofthelongest-runningintheworld—It’sbeenaroundsince1888.Theyfocusonexplorationandconservationofforests,oceans,habitats,speciesandsocieties.Youcandonatemoneythroughthewebsite,buysomethingattheironlinestore,ortakeoutasubscriptiontothemagazine.NationalWildlifeFederation(NWF)Foundedofficiallyin1937,theNationalWildlifeFederationtriestoprotectwildlifeatallcosts.Infact,theybelievethathavingthepubliceducatedisthebestwaytohelptheenvironment—themoreyouknow,themoreyoucanprotecttheworldwelivein.DonationstotheNWFcanbemadethroughtheirwebsiteorthroughotheroptions,likematchinggifts,workplacegiving,ormemorialdonations.EcologyFSetupin1976,EcologyFisrunonusers’clicks.Advertisersbuyadspaceonthesiteeverytimesomeoneclicks.Themoneygoestobuyanendangeredwildernesstoprotectitfromcompaniesthatwoulddestroyit.Sofar,EcologyFund.comhasboughtlandinmanyareas.Thebestthingaboutthissiteisthatyouneedn’tdonateanymoney—allyouhavetodoisclick.1.Whichenvironmentalorganizationhastheshortesthistory?A.NationalGeographicSociety(NGS). B.NationalWildlifeFederation(NWF).C.WorldWildlifeFund(WWF). D.EcologyF.2.InwhatwayisNationalGeographicSocietydifferentfromtheotherthreeorganizations?A.Itprotectssocietiesaswellasnature.B.Youneedtobeexpertinprotectingwildlife.C.Youcanadoptananimalthroughitsonlineadoptioncenter.D.Itbelievesthateducationisthemostimportantinhelpingtheenvironment.3.HowcanyousupportNationalWildlifeFederation?ABygivingmoneythroughitswebsite. B.Byclickingonitsonlinearticles.C.Bysubscribingtoitsmagazines. D.Bybuyingadspaceonthesite.B【遼寧省鞍山市普通高中2022-2023學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期期中測試】Sportscanhelpyoukeepfitandgetintouchwithnature.However,whetheryouareonthemountains,inthewaves,oronthegrassland,youshouldbeawarethatyoursportofchoicemighthavegreatinfluenceontheenvironment.Somesportsareresource-hungry.Golf,asyoumayknow,eatsupnotonlylargeareasofcountryside,butalsotonsofwater.Besides,allsortsofchemicalsandhugeamountsofenergyareusedtokeepitscourses(球場)ingoodcondition.Thiscausesmajorenvironmentaleffects.Forexample,inthedryregionsofPortugalandSpain,golfisoftenheldresponsibleforseriouswatershortageinsomelocalareas.Therearemanyenvironment-friendlysports.Powerwalkingisoneofthemthatyoucouldtakeuptoday.Youdon’tneedanyspecialequipmentexceptagoodpairofshoes;andyoudon’thavetoworryaboutresourcesandyourpurse.Simpleandfree,powerwalkingcanalsokeepyoufit.Ifyouwalkregularly,itwillbegoodforyourheartandbones.Expertssaythat20minutesofpowerwalkingdailycanmakeyoufeellessanxious,sleepwellandhavebetterweightcontrol.Whateversportyoutakeup,youcanmakeitgreenerbyusingenvironment-friendlyequipmentandbuyingproductsmadefromrecycledmaterials.Butthefinalgoalshouldbe“greengyms”.Theyarebetterreplacements(代替物)fortraditionalhealthclubsandmodernsportscenters.Membersofgreengymsplaysportsoutdoors,inthecountrysideorotheropenspaces.Thereisnospecialrequirementforyoutostartyourmembership.Andbestofall,it’sfree.4.Whatisthemeaningoftheunderlinedwordsinparagraph2?A.resource-consuming B.resource-developingC.resource-protecting D.resource-controlling5.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtheadvantageofpowerwalkingaccordingtothepassage?A.Itisenvironmentally-friendly. B.Itimprovesourhealth.C.Itissimpleandfree. D.Itcanmakeyouputonweight.6.Whichsportisthewritermostlikelytoadviseustodo?A.Playingbasketballinagym. B.Motorracinginthedesert.C.Cyclingaroundalake. D.Swimminginasportscenter.7.Whatisthemainpurposeofwritingthepassage?A.Toshowussomemajoroutdoorsports.B.Toencourageustogoinforgreensports.C.Todiscusstheinfluenceofsomepopularsports.D.Tointroducesomeenvironmentally-friendlysports.C【河南省新鄉(xiāng)市長垣市2022-2023學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期11月期中】Theessence(本質(zhì))offastfashionistomakeclothesinexpensivelyandquicklytogetnewtrendsandstylesintostoresandonlineassoonaspossible,anditcomesatahighsocialandenvironmentalcost.Keepingproductioncostslowmeanstheycanmaketheirclothescheap,usingcheaplabourinunsafeworkingconditions,andincountrieswithbadenvironmentalregulations.Throw-awaycultureisdeeplyrootedinoursociety;threeinfiveofourclothingpiecesarethrownoutwithinayear.Fastfashionbrandskeeptheconsumershungryandfeelingliketheyneedmorebyattractingthemwithnewnessandconvincingtheconsumersthattheyneedwhatthey’reselling.Thisonlyresultsinincreasingtextilewasteaspeoplenolongerwantbutthrowitaway.Criticismsofthefastfashionindustryincludeitsnegativeenvironmentalimpact:waterpollution,theuseoftoxic(有毒的)chemicalsandincreasinglevelsoftextilewaste.Textiledyeingisthesecondlargestpolluterofcleanwaterglobally,afteragriculture.Fastfashioncompaniesrelyontheirproductsbeingmadecheaplyandquickly,sotheyavoidtalkingwhenitcomestobeingawareoftheirimpactontheenvironment.Greenpeace’srecentDetoxCampaignshowedthatmanybrandsusetoxicanddangerouschemicalsintheirsupplychains,andmanyofthechemicalsareeitherbannedorstrictlycontrolledinlotsofcountries.Inconclusion,thefastfashionindustryhasabadeffectonourenvironmentthroughfastfashionbrands’ecologicalpracticesandonlycontinuestomaketheproblemlastforalongtimeinthefuturethroughextremeconsumeristculture.Inorderforchangetohappen,thecommonpeopleneedtoopentheireyesandtakemeasurestopreventthefastfashionfromgrowing.8.What’soneofthecharacteristicsoffastfashion?A.Causingalotofanxiety. B.Makingpeoplebuyoldclothes.C.Sellingmostclothesthroughstores. D.Producingclothesquickly.9.Whyarefastfashionclothescheap?A.Theyaremainlysoldonline. B.Theyaremadeinunsafecountries.C.Theyaremadebycheaplabour. D.Theysavethecostofadvertising.10.Howdoesthesocietythinkofthrowingawayclothesaccordingtotheauthor?A.Natural. B.Surprising. C.Absurd. D.Puzzling.11.What’sthewaytochangefastfashionmentionedinthetext?A.Changingfastfashionbrands’workingconditions.B.Changingclothesstores’salesmodel.C.Introducingstricterlawsforfactories.D.Raisingpublicawarenessofpreventingfastfashion.D【江西省2022-2023學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期12月統(tǒng)一調(diào)研測試】AttheUnitedNationsCOP27climateconferenceinEgypt,UNSecretary-GeneralAntonioGuterresclaimedthattheworldisona“highwaytoclimatehellwithourfootstillontheaccelerator(油門)”.Tokeeptemperaturefromrising1.5degreesCelsiusabovepreindustriallevelsby2100,weneedtopullastopongreenhousegasemissions.Infact,we’dbasicallyhavetobringtherunawaytrucktoacompleteandimmediatestop.Nowisthetimeforustopullbackbeforeitistoolate.Theclimatepledges(承諾)madebynationsatlastyear’sCOP26conferencefeltlikeapositivestepintherightdirection,butthere’sverylittledoubtthattheaveragetemperatureriseonEarthwillpassthe1.5-degreemarkinthecomingdecades.Canwelimitthisovershoot?Andhowmightwedothat?Astudy,releasedThursdayinthescientificjournalNatureClimateChange,triedtoanswerthosequestionsbymodeling27differentemissionsreductionpathwaysofvaryingambition.Itcametoanunsurprisingconclusion:Countriesneedtoactbyincreasingtheambitionoftheirclimatepledges.Andtheyneedtoactnow.The1.5-degreerisehaslongbeenseenasacriticalmarkinthefightagainstclimatechange.SincethesigningoftheParisAgreementatCOP21sevenyearsago,scientistshavestudiedhowthislevelofwarmingabovepreindustrialtemperatureswouldaffecttheEarth.Themodelsthey’vebuiltshowwearelikelytoseemoreextremeweatherevents,inadditiontoglacialmelt,sealevelrisethatthreatensmanylow-lyingPacificnationsandsignificantlossofbiodiversityoncetemperaturespushpastanincreaseof1.5degrees.Thoughthe1.5-degreetargetispracticallydead,thesituationisn’thopeless.Nowmorethanever,there’sreasontoreducegreenhousegasemissionsbysettingmoreambitiousgoals.However,ambitionaloneisnotenough.Wealsoneedaction-—investinginrenewablesandtechnologieslikecarboncaptureandrapidlytransformingourenergysystems.12.WhatdidAntonioGuterrestrytodointhefirstparagraph?A.Makearequest. B.Issueawarning.C.Provideasolution. D.Offerasuggestion.13.WhatwastheconclusionofthestudyreleasedinNatureClimateChange?A.What’sdonecannotbeundone.B.Settingagoaliswhatmatters.C.Actionspeakslouderthanwords.D.Failingtoplanisplanningtofail.14.What’sthepurposeofthemodelsthescientistshavebuilt?A.Toshowtheconsequencesofrisingtemperatures.B.Topredicttheproblemswithextremeweatherevents.C.Tofindthesolutionstocontrollingglobalwarning.D.Totelltheimportanceofprotectingtheenvironment.15.Howdoestheauthorendthepassage?A.Bysharingconfidenceandinspiring.B.Byexpressingconcernandcriticizing.C.Byvoicingdoubtsandmakingcomplaints.D.Byspreadinghopeandappealingforaction.第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)?！尽昂笔〔糠种攸c(diǎn)中學(xué)九月聯(lián)合檢測”2022-2023學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期9月聯(lián)考】YoungAlisonTealneverrodeinapushchairorplayedonaswingontheplayground.______16______ShesawtheviewfromatopapeakinPeruatjusttwomonthsoldonhermom’sback.Theytraveledtheglobestayingnotatfive-starhotelsbutinasix-foot-widetent.Frommountaintopstojungles,theyimmersed(沉浸)themselvesinlocalnatureandculture.BetweenjourneystheywouldreturnhometoquietpartoftheBigIslandofHawaii.Herfrontyardwastheocean,andherfriendsweredolphins.______17______Alisonwoulddiveintothewaterandreleaseasealeaf.Adolphinwouldcatchitonitsnoseandthrowittothenextplayer.Overtheyears,thedolphinsgrewtotrustAlison.______18______Sheletthemtaketheleadintheirinteractions.AfterstudyingattheUniversityofCalifornia,Berkeleyandthengraduatingfromafilmschool,Alisoncontinuedherworldtravels.HeradventurousexperienceandsurvivalskillslandedheraspotontherealityshowNakedandAfraid,inwhichsheandaco-constanthadtoliveonadesertedislandfor21days.Alison’sdeepknowledgeofhowtoliveinawildnesssavedthepair.______19______“Afterthat,Icouldn’tignoreourplasticproblem,”saysAlison.“Idecidedtoprotectourgreatestresource,theocean.”AlongwithsharinghermissionwithherInstagramfollowers,theconservationistgaveaTEDtalkonherdiscover.______20______Besides,shehelpedbanplasticbagsinCalifornia.Herbook,Alison’sAdventures:YourPassporttotheWorld,isfilledwithtraveltalesandenvironmentlessons.AlisonbelievesallofuscanmakechangestoprotecttheEarth.A.HowdidAlisonbecomeafilmmaker?B.Whatwastheirwayofplayingcatch?C.Shelaunchedalineofrecycledsurfboards.D.Atanearlyage,shebeganexploringtheworld.E.Therefore,theyapproachedherwhenevershewasinthewater.F.Shewasmostlyhome-schooledasthefamilytraveledtheglobe.G.Butwhatshockedherwastheamountofrubbishthatwashedupontheshore.第三部分語言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)完形填空【遼寧省大連市部分重點(diǎn)高中2022-2023學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期10月月考】閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。GoodmorningtothehonorablePrincipalandteachers.FirstofallIamvery____21____tomyteacher,MrsChopra,who____22____meandofferedmethechancetomakeaspeechhere.Ihave____23____“ACleanIndiaCampaign”asatopic.Itisamassmovement____24____bythegovernmentonOctober2nd,2014,thebirthanniversaryofMahatmaGandhi,whoalwayskeptIndians’____25____andIndia’scleanlinessinmind,andthoughtphysicalcondition____26____theenvironmentgreatly,andcontinuestothisday.Cleanlinessisnot____27____toanypersonorplace:it’sthecombinedresponsibilityofallcitizens.ThePrimeMinisterNarendraModi,taking____28____ofthecampaign,saidthisdriveis____29____politicsandinspiredbypatriotism(愛國精神).Tomakethismovement____30____duringtheprocess,IndianPrimeMinister____31____suggestsninerolemodelstopractice,andthenasksthemto____32____anotherninepeopleagaintocontinuethis____33____,tillthemessageofACleanIndiaCampaign____34____everyoneinthecountry.Hesaidthemissionhastobe____35____byOctober2nd,2019,the150thbirthanniversaryofGandhi.21.A.grateful B.honored C.native D.respectful22.A.demanded B.accompanied C.trusted D.followed23.A.explained B.arranged C.joined D.selected24.A.supported B.launched C.assigned D.detected25.A.wealth B.freedom C.health D.belief26.A.reflectson B.relieson C.contributesto D.bringsout27.A.limited B.related C.devoted D.attended28.A.notice B.hold C.charge D.advantage29.A.around B.beyond C.towards D.against30.A.interesting B.effective C.distinct D.popular31.A.initially B.vividly C.intensely D.temporarily32.A.seize B.seek C.recommend D.generate33.A.motion B.turn C.chain D.branch34.A.reaches B.helps C.warms D.reminds35.A.composed B.recognized C.rewarded D.completed第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分,滿分15分)【福建省福州市六校聯(lián)考2021-2022學(xué)年高二下學(xué)期期末】閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容(1個(gè)單詞)或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。ClimateChangeRequiresTheWorld’sAttentionThereislittledoubtthatEarth____36____(get)warmerandwarmer.In2013,alotofpeoplewereshockedbyanewsphotoofadeadpolarbearwhichappearedtohavestarvedanddied.This____37____(alarm)caseshowedhowtheincreaseintemperaturehadanimpact____38____Earth’secology.Climatescientistsoftenmentionakeyclimateprocess____39____(call)the“greenhouseeffect”,____40____hastwocommonmeanings.Withoutthe“natural”greenhouseeffect,Earthcouldnotsustainlife.However,the“man-made”greenhouseeffecthasnowbecomeabigproblembecausemoreheatenergy____41____(trap)intheatmosphere,causingEarth’ssurfacetemperaturetorisequickly.Thereisstrongandcomprehensiveevidencethattheriseintemperaturehasledtoanincreaseinextremeweatherand____42____(nature)disastersworldwide,notonlycausingseriousdamage,butalsocostinghumanlives.Climatescientistshavewarnedthatifwedonottakeappropriateactions,thiswarmingtrendwill____43____(probable)continueandtherewillbeahigherprice____44____(pay).Governmentsneedtoconsidermakingpoliciesandtakingappropriateactionsandmeasurestoreducegreenhousegasemissions.Weasindividualscanalsoreduceour“carbonfootprint”.Itisour_____45_____(responsible)toseizeeveryopportunitytoeducateeveryoneaboutglobalwarming,alongwithitscausesandimpacts.第四部分寫作(共兩節(jié),滿分40分)【江蘇省鹽城市2021-2022學(xué)年高二下學(xué)期期末】第一節(jié)(滿分15分)46.假定你是校學(xué)生會(huì)主席李華。你校擬邀請(qǐng)環(huán)保專家Smith先生在“世界環(huán)境日”那天做講座，請(qǐng)你給他寫封邀請(qǐng)信。內(nèi)容包括：1.時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)；2.講座內(nèi)容。注意：1.寫作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80左右；2.請(qǐng)按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。DearMr.Smith,____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua第二節(jié)(滿分25分)讀后續(xù)寫【湖北省武漢市新高考聯(lián)合體2021-2022學(xué)年高二下學(xué)期期末】47.閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。WhenIcamebackhome,mymotherwashavingaconversationwithmyseven-year-olddaughterJane.Theyweretalkingabouthowtofightagainstclimatechangeintheholidays.Iinterrupted,sayingwecoulddoitbyeatingleftovers(剩菜)thisholidayseason.MomandIbothsmiled.Isaid,“YouknowAmericansthrowaway25percentmoretrashbetweenThanksgivingandNewYear’sDay,includingthingslikeplasticfromoldtechandgiftwrap.Foodwaste,whichaccountsfor30to40percentofyear-roundwasteenteringlandfills(垃圾填埋場),alsorisessharplyduringtheholidays.DuringThanksgivingweekalone,Americansthrowoutroughly200millionpoundsofturkeymeat,alongwith30millionpoundsofgravy(肉汁)and14millionpoundsofdinnerrolls.”Janewaspuzzledatthefiguresoffoodwastebutshewasinterestedintheconsequences.Itoldher,“Whenthrown-aw