2024-2025學(xué)年度第二學(xué)期期末高一調(diào)研英語(yǔ)試題2025.06注意事項(xiàng)1.本試卷共8頁(yè)，滿分為150分，考試時(shí)間為120分鐘?？荚嚱Y(jié)束后,請(qǐng)將答題卡交回。2.答題前，請(qǐng)務(wù)必將自己的姓名、考試號(hào)等用0.5毫米黑色墨水的簽字筆填寫(xiě)在答題卡的規(guī)定位置。3.作答選擇題，必須用2B鉛筆將答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)選項(xiàng)的方框涂滿、涂黑;如需改動(dòng)，請(qǐng)用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案。作答非選擇題，必須用0.5毫米黑色墨水的簽字筆在答題卡上的指定位置作答，在其他位置作答一律無(wú)效。一、閱讀理解(共2節(jié)滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題滿分37.5分)AFourBestBeachSpotsinSouthCarolinaMorrisIslandWhatwasonceawarfort(堡壘)isnowanislandwithoutresidentsintheCharlestonHarbormarkedbythestate’stallestlighthouse.Today,thisislandisonlyaccessiblebyboat.Whileboatrentalsareavailable,itishighlyrecommendedthatvisitorsbookoneofthetoursthatwilltakeyoutotheislandwithalocalexpertwhocantellyouallaboutthearea’shistoryandmarinelife.HuntingtonBeachStateParkLocatedbetweenMyrtleBeachandGeorgetown,HuntingtonBeachStateParkoffershistoricsites,fishing,hiking,guidedwalks,and,ofcourse,athree-milebeach.Thereareover300speciesofbirdshere,makingtheparkawonderlandforbirders.Visitorscanalsospotdeer,seaturtles,andmore.Plus,campingisavailableattheparkforthosewhowanttospendmoretimeenjoyingitsnaturalbeauty.SurfsideBeachAlsoknownas“TheFamilyBeach”,SurfsideBeach’sfocusonfamiliesgoesbeyonditsnickname—itidentifieditselfasthefirstautism-friendly(自閉癥友好)traveldestinationintheworldinJanuary2016.Visitorscanapproachthesandybeachfrom36differententrypoints,someofwhichprovidewheelchairaccess.Therearealsomini-golfcoursesandplentyofrestaurantstochoosefrom.FrippIslandHeadforthissmallregionforkayaking,golfing,andbreathtakingnaturalviews.Watchsomeofthe175speciesofbirdsthatlivealongtheoceanandsaltmarsh(沼澤),orotherlocalanimalssuchasalligators,dolphins,andloggerheadturtles.BookaplacewithamarshviewatFrippIslandGolf&BeachResorttoenjoypools,on-sitedining,andthebusyactivitycenter.1.WhatisspecialaboutMorrisIsland?A.Ithasafewpeoplelivingthere.B.Ithastheonlylighthouseintheregion.C.Itprovidessingletransportationmeans.D.Ithostsculturalandvoluntaryactivities.2.Whichplacebestsuitsvisitorswhoneedadditionalcare?A.FrippIsland. B.SurfsideBeach.C.MorrisIsland. D.HuntingtonBeachStatePark.3.WhatdoHuntingtonBeachStateParkandFrippIslandhaveincommon?A.Bothhavefreecampingsites.B.Bothoffertraininginwatersports.C.Bothareperfectforwildlifeviewing.D.Bothprovidehotelswithwetlandviews.【答案】1.C2.B3.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了南卡羅來(lái)納州的四個(gè)最佳海灘景點(diǎn)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)MorrisIsland部分中“Today,thisislandisonlyaccessiblebyboat.”（現(xiàn)在，這個(gè)島只能通過(guò)船只進(jìn)入。）可知，MorrisIsland的特別之處在于它只提供一種交通工具，即船只，只有單一的運(yùn)輸方式。故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)SurfsideBeach部分中“itidentifieditselfasthefirstautism-friendly(自閉癥友好)traveldestinationintheworldinJanuary2016.Visitorscanapproachthesandybeachfrom36differententrypoints,someofwhichprovidewheelchairaccess.”（2016年1月，它被譽(yù)為世界上第一個(gè)自閉癥友好的旅游目的地。游客可以從36個(gè)不同的入口進(jìn)入沙灘，其中一些入口提供輪椅通道。）可知，SurfsideBeach最適合需要額外照顧的游客，比如自閉癥患者。故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)HuntingtonBeachStatePark部分中“Thereareover300speciesofbirdshere,makingtheparkawonderlandforbirders.”（這里有300多種鳥(niǎo)類，使公園成為觀鳥(niǎo)者的仙境。）和FrippIsland部分中“Watchsomeofthe175speciesofbirdsthatlivealongtheoceanandsaltmarsh(沼澤),orotherlocalanimalssuchasalligators,dolphins,andloggerheadturtles.”（觀賞175種生活在海洋和鹽沼沿岸的鳥(niǎo)類，或其他當(dāng)?shù)貏?dòng)物，如短吻鱷、海豚和紅海龜。）可知，HuntingtonBeachStatePark和FrippIsland都都是觀賞野生動(dòng)物的絕佳地點(diǎn)。故選C項(xiàng)。BWhenGaryLeungcompletelylosthiseyesightnearly15yearsago,italmostdestroyedhim.TheHongKongnativefellintohopelessness.Justatthattime,hefoundlong-distancerunning.Nowinhis50s,Leunghassincecompletedthe100-kilometerAntarcticIceMarathon,becomingthefirstblindpersontodoso.Heevenattemptedthe400km“UltraGobi”,thoughttobeoneofthemostchallengingfoot-racesintheworld.Recently,heisfreshoffa2,300kmcharityruninJapan.TheJapanese“DarkRun2023”wasdividedinto40days,meaningLeungandhisguiderunners—connectedbyastringattachment—rananaverageofmorethan50kmperday.Therunwasaimedatraisingmoneyforyoungpeoplewithseriousillnessesandshowingthemthatallpeoplehaveobstacles(障礙),butwemustfacethemhead-onandwithbravery.ThoughLeungcan’tphysicallyseethingsinfrontofhim,hesaysthatdoesn’tmakehimfearfulofrunninglongdistancesnow.Hethinksthere’snoneedtobescaredforthosewhoarelackinginsomething.Theuniversewillequipthemwithothertalents.Andtheyareneveralone,justlikehewasn’taloneonthisrun.Hisguiderunnersgaveuptheirownholidaysandputtheirownmoneyintoflyoverandsupporthim.“Iwanttopassdownthespirit.I’mnotyounganymoreandwon’tbeabletorunthesedistancesmuchlonger,”hesays,smiling.“Iwanttohelpmyyoungerfriendswithsimilarexperiencestolearntoloveexercise.Doingphysicalactivitiesisnotaseasyforthemasitisforable-bodiedpeople,soIwanttosetupastagewherewecancontinuetobringthingstothem—andforthemtodothesameformore.”4.Whatdoeslong-distancerunningmeanforLeung?AAcureforhiseyes. B.Atoolformakingaliving.C.Awayoutoflife’sworst. D.Aformofphysicalexercise.5.HowdoesLeungfinishallhislong-distancerunning?A.Hewasguidedwhilerunning. B.Hemanageditbyhimself.C.Hesoughthelpfromtheorganizers. D.Hetookadvantageofpublictransport.6.WhatcanbeinferredfromLeung’swordsinthelastparagraph?A.Heisreadytochallengelongerrunning.B.Heistootiredtogoonwithcharitywork.C.Hewantsyoungpeopletofollowhisexample.D.Hethinksrunningiseasyfortheblindtotakeup.7.WhichwordscanbestdescribeLeung?A.Humorousandhonest. B.Strong-willedandinspiring.C.Responsibleandoutgoing. D.Independentandwarm-hearted.【答案】4.C5.A6.C7.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了香港盲人GaryLeung通過(guò)長(zhǎng)跑重獲新生，并成為首位完成南極冰馬拉松的盲人。他還通過(guò)慈善跑步活動(dòng)激勵(lì)他人，傳遞勇敢面對(duì)困難的精神?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段“WhenGaryLeungcompletelylosthiseyesightnearly15yearsago,italmostdestroyedhim.TheHongKongnativefellintohopelessness.Justatthattime,hefoundlong-distancerunning.(當(dāng)GaryLeung在15年前完全失明時(shí)，這幾乎摧毀了他。這位香港人陷入了絕望。就在那時(shí)，他發(fā)現(xiàn)了長(zhǎng)跑)”可知，長(zhǎng)跑對(duì)Leung來(lái)說(shuō)是在人生低谷時(shí)找到的出路。故選C項(xiàng)。【5題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段中的“TheJapanese“DarkRun2023”wasdividedinto40days,meaningLeungandhisguiderunners—connectedbyastringattachment—rananaverageofmorethan50kmperday.(日本的“2023黑暗跑”分為40天，這意味著Leung和他的引導(dǎo)跑者——用一根繩子連接——平均每天跑50多公里)”可知，Leung是通過(guò)導(dǎo)跑員的幫助完成長(zhǎng)跑的。故選A項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段““Iwanttopassdownthespirit.I’mnotyounganymoreandwon'tbeabletorunthesedistancesmuchlonger,”hesays,smiling.“Iwanttohelpmyyoungerfriendswithsimilarexperiencestolearntoloveexercise.Doingphysicalactivitiesisnotaseasyforthemasitisforable-bodiedpeople,soIwanttosetupastagewherewecancontinuetobringthingstothem—andforthemtodothesameformore.”(“我想傳承這種精神。我不再年輕了，不能再跑這么長(zhǎng)的距離了，”他微笑著說(shuō)。“我想幫助有類似經(jīng)歷的年輕朋友學(xué)會(huì)熱愛(ài)運(yùn)動(dòng)。對(duì)他們來(lái)說(shuō)，做體育活動(dòng)并不像對(duì)健全人那么容易，所以我想建立一個(gè)舞臺(tái)，讓我們可以繼續(xù)為他們帶來(lái)一些東西——也讓他們?yōu)楦嗟娜俗鐾瑯拥氖虑??！?”可知，Leung想傳承這種精神，幫助有類似經(jīng)歷的年輕朋友學(xué)會(huì)熱愛(ài)運(yùn)動(dòng)，由此可推知，他想讓年輕人以他為榜樣。故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Nowinhis50s,Leunghassincecompletedthe100-kilometerAntarcticIceMarathon,becomingthefirstblindpersontodoso.Heevenattemptedthe400km“UltraGobi”,thoughttobeoneofthemostchallengingfoot-racesintheworld.Recently,heisfreshoffa2,300kmcharityruninJapan.(現(xiàn)在50多歲的Leung已經(jīng)完成了100公里的南極冰馬拉松，成為第一個(gè)完成這一壯舉的盲人。他甚至嘗試了400公里的“超級(jí)戈壁”，這被認(rèn)為是世界上最具挑戰(zhàn)性的徒步比賽之一。最近，他剛完成在日本2300公里的慈善跑)”以及最后一段““Iwanttopassdownthespirit.I’mnotyounganymoreandwon'tbeabletorunthesedistancesmuchlonger,”hesays,smiling.“Iwanttohelpmyyoungerfriendswithsimilarexperiencestolearntoloveexercise.Doingphysicalactivitiesisnotaseasyforthemasitisforable-bodiedpeople,soIwanttosetupastagewherewecancontinuetobringthingstothem—andforthemtodothesameformore.”(“我想傳承這種精神。我不再年輕了，不能再跑這么長(zhǎng)的距離了，”他微笑著說(shuō)?！拔蚁霂椭蓄愃平?jīng)歷的年輕朋友學(xué)會(huì)熱愛(ài)運(yùn)動(dòng)。對(duì)他們來(lái)說(shuō)，做體育活動(dòng)并不像對(duì)健全人那么容易，所以我想建立一個(gè)舞臺(tái)，讓我們可以繼續(xù)為他們帶來(lái)一些東西——也讓他們?yōu)楦嗟娜俗鐾瑯拥氖虑?。?”可知，Leung雖然失明，但依然完成了多項(xiàng)長(zhǎng)跑挑戰(zhàn)，說(shuō)明他意志堅(jiān)強(qiáng)；他還想幫助有類似經(jīng)歷的年輕朋友學(xué)會(huì)熱愛(ài)運(yùn)動(dòng)，說(shuō)明他鼓舞人心。故選B項(xiàng)。CWildfigtreesmayprovideaninexpensive,effectivewaytomonitormercury(汞)pollutionnearsmall-scalegoldminingsitesthroughouttheGlobalSouth,arecentstudysuggests.PublishedinFrontiersinEnvironmentalScience,theanalysislookedatwhetherfigtreescanbeusedasabiomonitoringtoolnearsmall-scalegoldmines.Themines,locatedlargelyinSouthAmerica,SoutheastAsiaandsub-SaharanAfrica,useliquidmercurytoseparateore(礦石)andgold,unleashinghighlevelsofmercurypollution.Thepollutedairgeneratedbyburningmercury-goldamalgams(合金)togetgoldcanendangerhealthinhumansandanimals.Buttheindustry—largelyunregulated—lacksreliablemonitoringdata,theresearcherswrite.Theresearchersintroducedafast-growingfigtreethatthrivesthroughoutthetropics.Thetreesgrowannualrings,whichisuncommonamongtropicaltrees.TheresearchersanalyzedtreecoresfromfivestudysitesinPeru’sMadredeDiosregiontodeterminewhetherfigtreescouldserveasnaturalindicatorsofmercurypollutionlevelsinthearea.Threeofthesiteswerenearsmallmines,andtwowerelocatedfaraway.Mercurylevelsinthetrees’ringswere“stronglycorrelated”withatmosphericmercurylevels,theresearchersfound,andtreesnearestthemineshadhigherconcentrations(濃度)ofmercuryintheirrings.Passiveairsamplingconfirmedthemercurymeasurements.Thestudyexaminedtreeringsfrom1941to1999and2000to2019.Attwositesnearmodernminingtownswheremercury-goldamalgamswereburned,theteamfoundlowermercuryconcentrationsintreeringsduringtheearlierperiod,whenminingintheareawasn’twellestablished,andhigherlevelsaftergoldminingexpanded.Treesprovide“amuchmorewidelyspreadandcheapernetworkofbiomonitoring”overdecadesthantypicalmonitoringofsmall-scalemines,whichfocusesonshortperiods,theresearcherswrite.“ThisreallyoffersamethodthatcanbeemployedthroughouttheGlobalSouthtounderstandchangesinmercuryovertime,aswellasspaceindicatorsofmercury.”JacquelineGerson,astudyauthorandassistantprofessorofbiologicalandenvironmentalengineeringinCornellUniversity’sCollegeofAgricultureandLifeSciences,saidinanewsannouncement.8.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“unleashing”inparagraph2mean?A.Releasing. B.Detecting. C.Absorbing. D.Reducing.9.Whyarefigtreesfromdifferentsitesanalyzed?A.Tofigureouttheeffectofmercurypollution.B.Totestiftheycanmonitormercurypollution.C.Tostudytheexactcauseofmercurypollution.D.Toseehowtheyhelpreducemercurypollution.10.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.Treeringsshowlowermercurylevelsafterminingexpanded.B.Typicalminemonitoringcoversbroaderareasthantreerings.C.Mercury-goldamalgamswereburnedonlyfrom2000to2019.D.Treeringsofferalong-termandcheapwaytomonitormercury.11.WhatisJacquelineGerson’sattitudetowardsusingfigtreestomonitormercurypollution?A.Concerned. B.Approving. C.Objective. D.Uninterested.【答案】8.A9.B10.D11.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要講述了研究表明無(wú)花果樹(shù)可作為監(jiān)測(cè)汞污染的廉價(jià)有效工具?！?題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第二段中劃線詞前“Themines,locatedlargelyinSouthAmerica,SoutheastAsiaandsub-SaharanAfrica,useliquidmercurytoseparateoreandgold,(這些礦場(chǎng)主要位于南美洲、東南亞和撒哈拉以南非洲，使用液態(tài)汞分離礦石和黃金)”及劃線詞后“highlevelsofmercurypollution. Thepollutedairgeneratedbyburningmercury-goldamalgams(合金)togetgoldcanendangerhealthinhumansandanimals.(高水平的汞污染。通過(guò)燃燒汞金合金提取黃金時(shí)產(chǎn)生的受污染空氣，會(huì)危害人類和動(dòng)物的健康)”可知，液態(tài)汞被用來(lái)分離礦石和黃金，從而釋放出高水平的汞污染，故劃線詞unleashing與A選項(xiàng)Releasing“釋放”意義相近。故選A?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“TheresearchersanalyzedtreecoresfromfivestudysitesinPeru’sMadredeDiosregiontodeterminewhetherfigtreescouldserveasnaturalindicatorsofmercurypollutionlevelsinthearea.(研究人員分析了秘魯馬德雷德迪奧斯地區(qū)五個(gè)研究地點(diǎn)的樹(shù)芯，以確定無(wú)花果樹(shù)是否可以作為該地區(qū)汞污染水平的自然指標(biāo))”可知，研究人員分析來(lái)自不同地點(diǎn)的無(wú)花果樹(shù)是為了測(cè)試它們是否可以監(jiān)測(cè)汞污染。故選B?！?0題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第六段中“Treesprovide“amuchmorewidelyspreadandcheapernetworkofbiomonitoring”overdecadesthantypicalmonitoringofsmall-scalemines,whichfocusesonshortperiods,theresearcherswrite.(研究人員寫(xiě)道，與典型小型礦山監(jiān)測(cè)相比，樹(shù)木在幾十年間提供了一個(gè)“分布更廣、更便宜的生物監(jiān)測(cè)網(wǎng)絡(luò)”，而典型的小型礦山監(jiān)測(cè)則側(cè)重于短期)”可知，樹(shù)輪提供了一種長(zhǎng)期且廉價(jià)的監(jiān)測(cè)汞污染的方法。故選D?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“ThisreallyoffersamethodthatcanbeemployedthroughouttheGlobalSouthtounderstandchangesinmercuryovertime,aswellasspaceindicatorsofmercury.(這確實(shí)提供了一種可以在全球南方各地采用方法，以了解汞隨時(shí)間的變化，以及汞的空間指標(biāo))”可知，JacquelineGerson認(rèn)為這種方法可以在全球南方各地采用，以了解汞隨時(shí)間的變化以及汞的空間指標(biāo)。由此可推知，JacquelineGerson對(duì)使用無(wú)花果樹(shù)監(jiān)測(cè)汞污染持支持態(tài)度。故選B。DOverbreakfastthismorning,afterIenjoyedashortchatwithMia,mynewSpanishstudybuddy(伙伴),IfeltthatIhadmasteredmorethanwhatIgainedfromtextbookexercises.Mia,however,isanAIthatIcreatedtotakeadvantageofaphenomenoncalledthe“protegeeffect.”Accordingtoseveralstudies,welearnmoreeffectivelywhenweteachsomeoneelseaboutthetopicwe’vejustexplored—evenifthatpersondoesn’treallyexist.LearningthroughteachingwasrelativelyslowtogainpopularityuntilagroupofscientistsintheUnitedStatesbegantotestitseffectiveness.Inoneofthefirstexperiments,CatherineChaseandcolleaguestestedon62eighth-graderswhoweretaskedwithusingacomputerprogramtostudythebiological(生物學(xué)的)changesthatoccurwhenwegetafever.Overtwolessons,theyhadtoreadatextandthencreateamind-mapexplainingthedifferentprocessesandtherelationshipsbetweenthem.Forhalftheteens,themind-mappresentedtheresultofself-study.Theothersweretoldthattheirmind-mapwouldhelptoteachavirtualcharacter.Itwasnotabigdifference,butthestudentsintheroleofteacherscoredsignificantlybetter.Thisincreasedparticipationhadabiginfluence:boththeamounttheygotandthedepthoftheirunderstanding.Attheendofthetwoclasses,participantswhohadplayedtheroleofteacherhadkeptmuchmoreofthematerial,withmuchstrongerperformanceontestquestions.Chase’steamnamedthisthe“protegeeffect”andithassincebeenstudiedmanytimes.Theselaterstudiessuggestthatlearningbyteachingismorepowerfulthanothermnemonic(助記符號(hào))techniqueslikeself-testing.Ifweknowthatothersaregoingtolearnfromus,wefeelasenseofresponsibilitytoprovidetherightinformation,sowemakeagreaterefforttofillinthegapsinourunderstandingandcorrectanymistakenthoughts.Sharingourknowledgethenhelpstostrengthenwhatwehavelearned.Whynottrytoapplytheprotegeeffectintopractice?12.WhydoestheauthormentionMiainparagraph1?A.TostresstheimportanceofAI.B.Toshareastoryofastudybuddy.C.Tointroduceaphenomenonaboutstudy.D.Toshowhowtofinishtextbookexercises.13.Whatwasdifferentaboutthetwogroupsintheexperiment?A.Theydifferinlearningtime. B.Theydifferinlearningtools.C.Theydifferinlearningmaterials. D.Theydifferinlearningstrategies.14.Whydoesthe“protegeeffect”helplearning?A.BecauseAIteachersexplainthingsclearly.B.Becausemind-mapsmakememorizingeasier.C.Becauseteachinginspiresdeeperunderstanding.D.Becausetestingyourselfisthebestwaytolearn.15.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthepassage?A.LearningbyTeachingHelps B.TextbookExercisesBenefitMoreC.Mind-mappingImprovesMemory D.AIPromotesLanguageLearning【答案】12.C13.D14.C15.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了一種名為“門(mén)徒效應(yīng)”的學(xué)習(xí)現(xiàn)象，即通過(guò)教學(xué)他人來(lái)提升自身學(xué)習(xí)效果，用科學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn)論證了其合理性，表明教學(xué)行為能激發(fā)更深的理解。【12題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中“Overbreakfastthismorning,afterIenjoyedashortchatwithMia,mynewSpanishstudybuddy(伙伴),IfeltthatIhadmasteredmorethanwhatIgainedfromtextbookexercises.Mia,however,isanAIthatIcreatedtotakeadvantageofaphenomenoncalledthe“protegeeffect.”(今天早晨吃早餐時(shí)，我和新結(jié)識(shí)的西班牙語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)伙伴Mia簡(jiǎn)短交談后，感覺(jué)自己掌握的知識(shí)已經(jīng)超越了課本練習(xí)所得。不過(guò)，Mia其實(shí)是我為了利用“門(mén)徒效應(yīng)”這個(gè)現(xiàn)象而創(chuàng)造的人工智能)”可知，作者先提到自己虛構(gòu)的人工智能學(xué)習(xí)伙伴Mia，后面自然過(guò)渡到對(duì)“門(mén)徒效應(yīng)”的討論。由此可知，作者提到Mia是為了引出關(guān)于學(xué)習(xí)的一個(gè)現(xiàn)象。故選C項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Forhalftheteens,themind-mappresentedtheresultofself-study.Theothersweretoldthattheirmind-mapwouldhelptoteachavirtualcharacter.(半數(shù)學(xué)生的思維導(dǎo)圖作為自主學(xué)習(xí)成果呈現(xiàn)，而其余學(xué)生則被告知其制作的思維導(dǎo)圖將用于指導(dǎo)虛擬角色學(xué)習(xí))”可知，兩組的差異在于學(xué)習(xí)策略不同。故選D項(xiàng)。【14題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Ifweknowthatothersaregoingtolearnfromus,wefeelasenseofresponsibilitytoprovidetherightinformation,sowemakeagreaterefforttofillinthegapsinourunderstandingandcorrectanymistakenthoughts.(當(dāng)我們意識(shí)到他人將受教于己時(shí)，會(huì)產(chǎn)生確保信息準(zhǔn)確的責(zé)任感，從而更主動(dòng)地填補(bǔ)認(rèn)知空白并修正錯(cuò)誤觀點(diǎn))”可知，“門(mén)徒效應(yīng)”有助于學(xué)習(xí)。是因?yàn)榻虒W(xué)行為激發(fā)了更深層次的理解。故選C項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其是第一段中“Accordingtoseveralstudies,welearnmoreeffectivelywhenweteachsomeoneelseaboutthetopicwe’vejustexplored—evenifthatpersondoesn’treallyexist.(多項(xiàng)研究表明，當(dāng)我們向他人講解剛學(xué)過(guò)的知識(shí)時(shí)——即便對(duì)方并非真實(shí)存在——學(xué)習(xí)效果會(huì)顯著提升)”可知，文章圍繞“通過(guò)教學(xué)促進(jìn)學(xué)習(xí)”，即“門(mén)徒效應(yīng)”展開(kāi)，用科學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn)論證了其合理性，表明教學(xué)行為能激發(fā)更深的理解。因此，A項(xiàng)“以教促學(xué)”概括了這一現(xiàn)象，最適合作為文章標(biāo)題。故選A項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)(共5小題滿12.5分)Myneighborhasabeautifullawn.Hehatestoseeevenoneweedinit.IunderstandhisfeelingsbutIacceptalittlemoreofanaturallook.Everyyear,thespringrainscauseweedstoappeareverywhere,especiallyinthelawn.____16____Thereisoneweedkillerforkillingweedsinpaths,anotherforkillingweedsinflowerbeds,anotherforkillinggrassinflowerbedsandyetanotherforkillingweedsingrass.OnedaywhenIgothomefromwork,hewaskillingthedandelions(蒲公英)growingatthesideofmyhouse.“I’msurethatyouwillbehappywithmekillingtheseweedsforyou,”hesaid.Knowinghemeantwell,Ithankedhim.____17____Ihappentolikedandelions.Forme,eveninsomethingassimpleasadandelion,thereisart.Infact,thereisevenpoetryinadandelion!____18____Theycertainlydogrowwherenothingelsedoes,likealongthesideofmyhouse.Theflowersareaprettybrightyellow.Theyformtheirownpictureofgoldencoloraroundmywashingline,somethinglikeacrazyartwork.Theflowersalsoaddfineflavorandcolorwhendroppedinicewater.____19____Theyalsoaddvitamins.I’vebeentoldthattheleavesandrootscontainvitaminsA,BandCaswellasmineralssuchasironandcalcium.Itdoesnottastethatgreat,butitcertainlyisgoodforyou.Actually,dandelionsarecommonanddelicate,sowelabelthemweedsandkillthem.ButIsaythattheyareworksofart,carefullymadebynature’smagicalhand.Astheseasonprogresses,theflowerturnsintopuffyseedsthatcanfloatinthewind.Ifyoublowtheroundheadofseedsgentlybutfirmly,theseedsflyaway,formingakindofartonthemove.Sointhedandelionarebothartandpoetry.____20____A.However,deepinside,Ifeltsaddened.B.Theycanmakefoodnotonlytastybutnutritious.C.Dandelionscanbeusedformanydifferentpurposes.D.Hethenstartstomixupallhisdifferentpoisonsinhisgarage.E.Doyouknowthattheleavescanbeusedinasaladtomakeittastier?F.Buttobehonest,Ididn’twantdandelionstogrowfreelyinmygarden.G.Letnature’sartandbeautyneverstoptofillyouwithjoyandamazement.【答案】16.D17.A18.C19.E20.G【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇記敘文。文章通過(guò)鄰居除蒲公英與作者對(duì)蒲公英的喜愛(ài)，展現(xiàn)其藝術(shù)、食用價(jià)值，呼吁欣賞自然之美?！?6題詳解】由上文“Everyyear,thespringrainscauseweedstoappeareverywhere,especiallyinthelawn.(每年春雨都會(huì)導(dǎo)致雜草叢生，尤其是草坪上。)”可知，此處需銜接鄰居處理雜草的具體行為。D項(xiàng)Hethenstartstomixupallhisdifferentpoisonsinhisgarage.(然后他開(kāi)始在車(chē)庫(kù)里混合各種不同的除草劑。)中then承接春雨導(dǎo)致雜草生長(zhǎng)的前提，“mixupallhisdifferentpoisons”對(duì)應(yīng)后文“oneweedkiller...anotherfor...”的分類除草劑，具體描述鄰居對(duì)雜草的“極端處理”，與“hatestoseeevenoneweed”的性格形成呼應(yīng)。故選D項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】由上文“Knowinghemeantwell,Ithankedhim.(我知道他好意，便謝了他。)”及下文“Ihappentolikedandelions.(我偏偏喜歡蒲公英。)”可知，此處需轉(zhuǎn)折表達(dá)內(nèi)心真實(shí)感受。A項(xiàng)However,deepinside,Ifeltsaddened.(然而，內(nèi)心深處我感到難過(guò)。)中However表轉(zhuǎn)折，“saddened”與“thankedhim”形成表面感謝與內(nèi)心矛盾的對(duì)比，“deepinside”引出后文對(duì)蒲公英的喜愛(ài)，銜接“外在回應(yīng)→內(nèi)在情感”的邏輯。故選A項(xiàng)?！?8題詳解】由下文“Theycertainlydogrowwherenothingelsedoes,likealongthesideofmyhouse.Theflowersareaprettybrightyellow.Theyformtheirownpictureofgoldencoloraroundmywashingline,somethinglikeacrazyartwork.(它們確實(shí)在其他地方生長(zhǎng)，比如我家旁邊。這些花是很亮的黃色。他們?cè)谖业牧酪吕K周?chē)纬闪俗约旱慕鹕珗D案，就像一件瘋狂的藝術(shù)品。)”可知，此處需總述蒲公英的特點(diǎn)。C項(xiàng)Dandelionscanbeusedformanydifferentpurposes.(蒲公英有許多不同用途。)符合語(yǔ)境。故選C項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】由上文“Theflowersalsoaddfineflavorandcolorwhendroppedinicewater.(花朵放入冰水中也能增添風(fēng)味和色澤。)”及下文“Theyalsoaddvitamins.(它們還富含維生素。)”可知，此處需具體說(shuō)明蒲公英在飲食中的應(yīng)用。E項(xiàng)Doyouknowthattheleavescanbeusedinasaladtomakeittastier?(你知道葉子能用于沙拉使其更美味嗎？)中“l(fā)eavescanbeusedinasalad”呼應(yīng)“flowersaddflavor”，通過(guò)“葉子—花朵”的不同部位舉例，延續(xù)“食用價(jià)值”的論述，tastier與flavor形成語(yǔ)義銜接，且設(shè)問(wèn)句式增強(qiáng)互動(dòng)性。故選E項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】由上文“Sointhedandelionarebothartandpoetry.(因此蒲公英兼具藝術(shù)與詩(shī)意。)”可知，此處需升華主題，呼應(yīng)自然之美。G項(xiàng)Letnature’sartandbeautyneverstoptofillyouwithjoyandamazement.(讓自然的藝術(shù)與美麗永遠(yuǎn)帶給你喜悅與驚嘆。)中“nature’sartandbeauty”指代蒲公英的“artandpoetry”，“fillyouwithjoy”呼吁珍視自然之美，與前文“worksofartbynature’shand”形成首尾呼應(yīng)，將蒲公英的個(gè)體特質(zhì)升華為對(duì)自然的欣賞。故選G項(xiàng)。二、完形填空(共15小題滿分15分)MybusinesscardhadthetitleVicePresidentwrittenjustbelowmyname.Formanyyears,myworkwassuccessful,andthiswasa____21____thatIwasvalued.Untiloneday,myspiritandself-esteemwas____22____withthesimplephrase,“Yourpositionisbeingremoved.”Isleptaroundtheclockfortwoweeks,hardlyeating.My___23___inlookingforwarddesertedme.Asthedayswentby,Ibeganto____24____,andappreciatelifeIhadneverpaidattentiontobefore.Ihadlongwantedaflowergardenbutneverseemedtofindthe____25____foritduetomybusyworkschedule.WhenI____26____mysimpledream,myhusbandbegantopatientlyteachmehowtoplanttheflowers,andwaterthem.Beforelong,thelovingcareIgavetothegarden____27____loveandpeace—Ifinallyfeltatease.Ifoundmyselfchattingwithmychildrenmoreoften.____28____,theywerejoyful.“Ireallylikethe____29____mombecauseyou’resofunny,”mydaughtersaid.Hervoicetookonstrengthasshetoldmetovaluealltheaspectsoflife.Ifeltasenseofbeing_____30_____again.Ithankedthemforhelpingme_____31_____theroleofworkingwifeandmotherwhileItriedtobearespectablehumanbeing.Lifeisfullofbeauty.Noticeit.Cherishingmyhusband,laughingwithmychildren,enjoyingthesunshineand_____32_____myselfareequallyimportant.Mylifenowincludessomuchmorethana_____33_____onabusinesscard.And,withagratefulheart,Iwillnot_____34_____myselformyvalueagain.NowIfeelmorepositiveaboutmyprevious_____35_____experienceandI’mgettingonbetterwithmyfamilythanIeverhave.21.A.condition B.recognition C.solution D.competition22.A.destroyed B.uplifted C.recovered D.freed23.A.doubt B.insight C.memory D.belief24.A.regret B.reflect C.struggle D.worry25.A.reason B.hope C.desire D.time26.A.shared B.realized C.abandoned D.changed27.A.matched B.killed C.returned D.missed28.A.Obviously B.Occasionally C.Frankly D.Suddenly29.A.unskilled B.untrained C.unprepared D.unemployed30.A.promoted B.valued C.rewarded D.challenged31.A.understand B.explain C.describe D.assume32.A.showingoff B.relyingon C.dealingwith D.caringfor33.A.name B.number C.title D.department34.A.blame B.hide C.lose D.defeat35.A.travel B.career C.education D.volunteer【答案】21.B22.A23.D24.B25.D26.A27.C28.A29.D30.B31.A32.D33.C34.C35.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇記敘文，主要講述作者原本工作成功，名片上印有副總裁頭銜，但突然被辭退。經(jīng)歷消沉后，作者開(kāi)始反思生活，實(shí)現(xiàn)種花夢(mèng)想，與孩子交流增多，重新感受到被重視，意識(shí)到生活除了名片上的頭銜還有很多美好，對(duì)之前的職業(yè)經(jīng)歷更樂(lè)觀，與家人關(guān)系也更好。【21題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：多年來(lái)，我的工作很成功，這是一種我被認(rèn)可的體現(xiàn)。A.condition條件；B.recognition認(rèn)可；C.solution解決辦法；D.competition競(jìng)爭(zhēng)。根據(jù)上文“MybusinesscardhadthetitleVicePresidentwrittenjustbelowmyname.”可知工作成功，所以這是被認(rèn)可的體現(xiàn)。故選B。【22題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：直到有一天，我的精神和自尊被一句簡(jiǎn)單的話“你的職位被撤銷了”摧毀了。A.destroyed摧毀；B.uplifted振奮；C.recovered恢復(fù)；D.freed釋放。根據(jù)下文“Yourpositionisbeingremoved”可知，職位被撤，精神和自尊應(yīng)是被摧毀，故選A。【23題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我對(duì)未來(lái)的信念離我而去。A.doubt懷疑；B.insight洞察力；C.memory記憶；D.belief信念。根據(jù)上文“Yourpositionisbeingremoved”可知，職位被撤，此處指對(duì)未來(lái)的信念沒(méi)了，故選D?！?4題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：隨著時(shí)間的推移，我開(kāi)始反思，欣賞我以前從未注意過(guò)的生活。A.regret后悔；B.reflect反思；C.struggle掙扎；D.worry擔(dān)憂。根據(jù)下文“appreciatelifeIhadneverpaidattentiontobefore.”可知,作者是在反思，故選B?！?5題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我一直想要一個(gè)花園，但由于工作繁忙，似乎一直找不到時(shí)間。A.reason原因；B.hope希望；C.desire渴望；D.time時(shí)間。根據(jù)下文“duetomybusyworkschedule”可知，作者之前沒(méi)時(shí)間，故選D。【26題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)我分享我這個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單的夢(mèng)想時(shí)，我丈夫開(kāi)始耐心地教我如何種花、澆水。A.shared分享；B.realized意識(shí)到；C.abandoned拋棄；D.changed改變。根據(jù)下文“myhusbandbegantopatientlyteachmehowtoplanttheflowers,andwaterthem.”可知，作者與丈夫分享了自己的夢(mèng)想。故選A。【27題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：不久，我對(duì)花園的悉心照料換來(lái)了愛(ài)與平靜——我終于感到安心了。A.matched匹配；B.killed殺死；C.returned返回，回報(bào)；D.missed錯(cuò)過(guò)。根據(jù)下文“l(fā)oveandpeace—Ifinallyfeltatease.”可知，作者的付出有了回報(bào)，換來(lái)了愛(ài)與平靜。故選C。【28題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：很明顯，他們很高興。A.Obviously明顯地；B.Occasionally偶爾；C.Frankly坦率地；D.Suddenly突然地。根據(jù)下文“Ireallylikethe9mombecauseyou’resofunny,”可知，從女兒說(shuō)喜歡現(xiàn)在的媽媽，所以孩子們很明顯很高興。故選A。【29題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我真的很喜歡失業(yè)的媽媽，因?yàn)槟愫苡腥?。A.unskilled不熟練的；B.untrained未受過(guò)訓(xùn)練的；C.unprepared無(wú)準(zhǔn)備的；D.unemployed失業(yè)的。根據(jù)上文“Yourpositionisbeingremoved.”可知，作者被撤職，所以是失業(yè)的媽媽，故選D。【30題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我又有了被重視的感覺(jué)。A.promoted提升；B.valued重視；C.rewarded獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)；D.challenged挑戰(zhàn)。結(jié)合前文孩子表達(dá)對(duì)作者的喜歡以及下文“whileItriedtobearespectablehumanbeing.”可知，作者感覺(jué)被重視，故選B。【31題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我感謝他們幫助我理解職業(yè)妻子和母親的角色，同時(shí)我努力成為一個(gè)值得尊敬的人。A.understand理解；B.explain解釋；C.describe描述；D.assume假設(shè)。根據(jù)下文“Lifeisfullofbeauty.Noticeit..”可知，孩子們幫助作者理解職業(yè)妻子和母親的角色，故選A?！?2題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：珍惜我的丈夫，和我的孩子們一起歡笑，享受陽(yáng)光，關(guān)愛(ài)自己同樣重要。A.showingoff炫耀；B.relyingon依靠；C.dealingwith處理；D.caringfor關(guān)愛(ài)。根據(jù)上文“Cherishingmyhusband,laughingwithmychildren,enjoyingthesunshine”可知，此處都是對(duì)生活積極的行為，所以是關(guān)愛(ài)自己。故選D。【33題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我現(xiàn)在的生活包含的不僅僅是名片上的一個(gè)頭銜。A.name名字；B.number數(shù)字；C.title頭銜；D.department部門(mén)。根據(jù)上文“MybusinesscardhadthetitleVicePresidentwrittenjustbelowmyname”可知，名片上是頭銜。故選C。【34題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：懷著一顆感恩的心，我不會(huì)再迷失自我或我的價(jià)值。A.blame責(zé)備；B.hide隱藏；C.lose迷失；D.defeat打敗。根據(jù)“withagratefulheart”以及前文對(duì)生活有新感悟，所以作者不會(huì)再迷失自我，故選C?！?5題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：現(xiàn)在我對(duì)我以前的職業(yè)經(jīng)歷感覺(jué)更積極，我和家人的關(guān)系比以往任何時(shí)候都好。A.travel旅行；B.career職業(yè)；C.education教育；D.volunteer志愿者。根據(jù)上文“Formanyyears,mywork”以及“Yourpositionisbeingremoved”可知，作者工作職位變動(dòng)，所以作者對(duì)自己的職業(yè)經(jīng)歷更積極，故選B。三、語(yǔ)法填空(共10小題滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Mahjong,atraditionalChinesetile-basedgame,hasevolvedfromancientcardgamesovercenturies.Withitscomplexrulesand____36____(strategy)depth,ithasbecomenotonlyaformof____37____(entertain)butalsoaculturalsymbolthatcombinesmathematics,memory,andsocialinteraction.Thegameisplayedwith144tiles(牌)____38____(carve)withChinesecharacters,bamboopatter