2025全國英語等級考試（PETS）二級試卷：物聯(lián)網(wǎng)系統(tǒng)英語閱讀考試時間：______分鐘總分：______分姓名：______一、選擇題要求：閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。1.TheInternetofThings(IoT)isanetworkofphysicaldevices,vehicles,buildings,andotheritemsembeddedwithsensors,software,andnetworkconnectivitywhichenablestheseobjectstocollectandexchangedata.A.AnetworkofphysicaldevicesB.AnetworkofvehiclesandbuildingsC.AnetworkofsensorsandsoftwareD.Anetworkofconnectivityanddata2.IoTdevicesareequippedwithsensorsthatcancollectdataabouttheirenvironment,suchastemperature,humidity,andlightlevels.A.SensorsthatcancollectdataabouttheirenvironmentB.SensorsthatcancollectdataabouttheirusersC.SensorsthatcancollectdataabouttheirsoftwareD.Sensorsthatcancollectdataabouttheirconnectivity3.OneofthemainbenefitsofIoTistheabilitytoautomatetasksandimproveefficiency.A.TheabilitytoautomatetasksandimproveefficiencyB.TheabilitytocollectdataandimproveefficiencyC.TheabilitytoconnectdevicesandimproveefficiencyD.Theabilitytosharedataandimproveefficiency4.IoTdevicescanbeusedinvariousindustries,suchashealthcare,transportation,andmanufacturing.A.Healthcare,transportation,andmanufacturingB.Retail,finance,andeducationC.Energy,agriculture,andentertainmentD.Realestate,construction,andtechnology5.TheuseofIoTinhealthcarehasthepotentialtoimprovepatientcareandreducecosts.A.ImprovepatientcareandreducecostsB.IncreasepatientcareandreducecostsC.ImprovepatientcareandincreasecostsD.Increasepatientcareandincreasecosts6.IoTdevicescanbeusedtomonitorandcontrolenergyconsumptioninbuildings.A.MonitorandcontrolenergyconsumptioninbuildingsB.MonitorandcontrolenergyconsumptioninvehiclesC.MonitorandcontrolenergyconsumptioninhealthcarefacilitiesD.Monitorandcontrolenergyconsumptioninmanufacturingplants7.OneofthechallengesofIoTisensuringthesecurityandprivacyofthedatacollectedbydevices.A.EnsuringthesecurityandprivacyofthedatacollectedbydevicesB.EnsuringthereliabilityandperformanceofthedevicesC.EnsuringthecompatibilityandinteroperabilityofthedevicesD.Ensuringthescalabilityandflexibilityofthedevices8.IoTdevicescanbeconnectedtotheinternetusingvariouscommunicationprotocols,suchasWi-Fi,Bluetooth,andcellularnetworks.A.Wi-Fi,Bluetooth,andcellularnetworksB.Ethernet,fiberoptics,andsatellitenetworksC.Infrared,ultrasonic,andmicrowavenetworksD.Radiofrequencyidentification(RFID)andnear-fieldcommunication(NFC)9.TheIoTecosystemincludesvariousstakeholders,suchasdevicemanufacturers,networkproviders,andapplicationdevelopers.A.Devicemanufacturers,networkproviders,andapplicationdevelopersB.End-users,systemintegrators,andserviceprovidersC.Dataanalysts,cybersecurityexperts,andIoTconsultantsD.Governmentagencies,industryassociations,andstandardizationbodies10.ThefutureofIoTisexpectedtobringaboutsignificantadvancementsintechnology,aswellasnewopportunitiesandchallenges.A.SignificantadvancementsintechnologyandnewopportunitiesandchallengesB.IncreasedcostsandreducedefficiencyC.DecreasedsecurityandprivacyconcernsD.Limitedscalabilityandflexibility四、填空題要求：閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，在空格處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，每個空格限填一詞，使短文意思完整。TheInternetofThings(IoT)hasbecomeanintegralpartofourdailylives.Itreferstothenetworkofdevicesthatcancommunicatewitheachotherandwiththeinternet.Thisnetworkincludesawiderangeofdevices,suchassmartphones,smartwatches,andevenhouseholdappliances.ThemainpurposeofIoTistomakeourlivesmoreconvenientandefficient.HerearesomekeyaspectsofIoT:_1__thefirstplace,IoTdevicesareequippedwithsensorsthatcancollectdataabouttheirenvironment.Thisdatacanbeusedtomonitorandcontrolvariousaspectsofourlives,suchasenergyconsumptionandsecurity._2__second,IoTdevicescanbeconnectedtotheinternetusingvariouscommunicationprotocols.Thisallowsthemtosendandreceivedata,whichcanbeusedtoautomatetasksandimproveefficiency._3__third,thedatacollectedbyIoTdevicescanbeanalyzedtoprovideinsightsandmakeinformeddecisions.Forexample,inthehealthcareindustry,IoTdevicescanmonitorpatients'vitalsignsandalerthealthcareproviderstoanychangesthatmayrequireattention._4__fourth,IoThasthepotentialtorevolutionizethewayweinteractwithoursurroundings.Forinstance,smarthomescanadjustthetemperature,lighting,andsecuritysystemsbasedonourpreferencesandhabits._5__fifth,theuseofIoTinindustrialsettingscanleadtosignificantcostsavingsandproductivityimprovements.Bymonitoringandoptimizingproductionprocesses,companiescanreducewasteandincreaseefficiency._6__sixth,oneofthechallengesofIoTisensuringthesecurityandprivacyofthedatacollectedbydevices.Thisrequiresrobustsecuritymeasuresandstrictcompliancewithdataprotectionregulations.Inconclusion,theInternetofThingsisarapidlyevolvingtechnologythathasthepotentialtotransformourlivesinmanyways.Asitcontinuestogrow,itisimportanttostayinformedaboutitsbenefitsandchallenges.五、完形填空要求：閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。TheInternetofThings(IoT)isanetworkofphysicaldevices,vehicles,buildings,andotheritemsembeddedwithsensors,software,andnetworkconnectivity.Thistechnologyhasthepotentialtorevolutionizevariousindustriesandimproveourdailylives.However,italsocomeswithitsownsetofchallenges._7__thefirstchallengeistheissueofsecurity.WiththeincreasingnumberofIoTdevices,thereisagreaterriskofcyberattacks.Itiscrucialtoensurethatthesedevicesareequippedwithstrongsecuritymeasurestoprotectagainstunauthorizedaccessanddatabreaches._8__thesecondchallengeistheinteroperabilityofIoTdevices.Inorderforthesedevicestoworktogetherseamlessly,theyneedtobecompatiblewitheachother.Thisrequiresstandardizationandcollaborationamongmanufacturersanddevelopers._9__thethirdchallengeistheprivacyconcernsassociatedwithIoT.Asthesedevicescollectandtransmitdata,thereisariskofpersonalinformationbeingcompromised.Itisessentialtoimplementrobustdataprotectionmeasurestosafeguarduserprivacy._10__thefourthchallengeistheenergyconsumptionofIoTdevices.Manyofthesedevicesoperateonbatteries,whichneedtobereplacedorrechargedregularly.Thiscanbecostlyandenvironmentallyunfriendly.Developingenergy-efficientIoTdevicesiscrucialtoaddressthisissue._11__thefifthchallengeisthescalabilityofIoT.Asthenumberofdevicesanddatagrows,theinfrastructuresupportingIoTneedstobeabletohandletheincreasedload.Thisrequirescontinuousupgradesandimprovements._12__thesixthchallengeistheethicalconsiderationsofIoT.Asthesetechnologiesbecomemoreintegratedintoourlives,itisimportanttoconsidertheethicalimplicationsandensurethattheyareusedresponsibly.Inconclusion,whiletheInternetofThingsoffersnumerousbenefits,italsopresentsseveralchallengesthatneedtobeaddressed.Byimplementingappropriatesolutions,wecanharnessthepowerofIoTtocreateasmarterandmoreconnectedworld.六、簡答題要求：根據(jù)所學(xué)知識，簡要回答下列問題。1.WhatisthemainpurposeofIoTdevices?2.HowcanIoTdevicesimproveefficiencyinindustrialsettings?3.WhataresomeofthesecuritychallengesassociatedwithIoT?4.HowcanIoTdevicesbeusedtoenhancehealthcareservices?5.WhatarethepotentialbenefitsofIoTinsmarthomes?本次試卷答案如下：一、選擇題1.A.Anetworkofphysicaldevices解析：根據(jù)第一段第一句“TheInternetofThings(IoT)isanetworkofphysicaldevices...”，可知物聯(lián)網(wǎng)是由物理設(shè)備構(gòu)成的。2.A.Sensorsthatcancollectdataabouttheirenvironment解析：根據(jù)第二段第一句“IoTdevicesareequippedwithsensorsthatcancollectdataabouttheirenvironment...”，可知物聯(lián)網(wǎng)設(shè)備配備了可以收集環(huán)境數(shù)據(jù)的傳感器。3.A.Theabilitytoautomatetasksandimproveefficiency解析：根據(jù)第二段最后一句“OneofthemainbenefitsofIoTistheabilitytoautomatetasksandimproveefficiency.”，可知物聯(lián)網(wǎng)的主要好處之一是能夠自動化任務(wù)并提高效率。4.A.Healthcare,transportation,andmanufacturing解析：根據(jù)第三段第一句“IoTdevicescanbeusedinvariousindustries,suchashealthcare,transportation,andmanufacturing.”，可知物聯(lián)網(wǎng)設(shè)備可用于各種行業(yè)，如醫(yī)療保健、交通和制造。5.A.Improvepatientcareandreducecosts解析：根據(jù)第四段第一句“TheuseofIoTinhealthcarehasthepotentialtoimprovepatientcareandreducecosts.”，可知在醫(yī)療保健中使用物聯(lián)網(wǎng)有可能提高患者護(hù)理并降低成本。6.A.Monitorandcontrolenergyconsumptioninbuildings解析：根據(jù)第五段第一句“IoTdevicescanbeusedtomonitorandcontrolenergyconsumptioninbuildings.”，可知物聯(lián)網(wǎng)設(shè)備可用于監(jiān)控和控制建筑物的能源消耗。7.A.Ensuringthesecurityandprivacyofthedatacollectedbydevices解析：根據(jù)第六段第一句“OneofthechallengesofIoTisensuringthesecurityandprivacyofthedatacollectedbydevices.”，可知物聯(lián)網(wǎng)的一個挑戰(zhàn)是確保收集到的設(shè)備數(shù)據(jù)的機(jī)密性和隱私性。8.A.Wi-Fi,Bluetooth,andcellularnetworks解析：根據(jù)第七段第一句“IoTdevicescanbeconnectedtotheinternetusingvariouscommunicationprotocols,suchasWi-Fi,Bluetooth,andcellularnetworks.”，可知物聯(lián)網(wǎng)設(shè)備可以通過各種通信協(xié)議連接到互聯(lián)網(wǎng)，如Wi-Fi、藍(lán)牙和蜂窩網(wǎng)絡(luò)。9.A.Devicemanufacturers,networkproviders,andapplicationdevelopers解析：根據(jù)第八段第一句“TheIoTecosystemincludesvariousstakeholders,suchasdevicemanufacturers,networkproviders,andapplicationdevelopers.”，可知物聯(lián)網(wǎng)生態(tài)系統(tǒng)包括各種利益相關(guān)者，如設(shè)備制造商、網(wǎng)絡(luò)提供商和應(yīng)用開發(fā)者。10.A.Significantadvancementsintechnologyandnewopportunitiesandchallenges解析：根據(jù)第九段最后一句“ThefutureofIoTisexpectedtobringaboutsignificantadvancementsintechnology,aswellasnewopportunitiesandchallenges.”，可知物聯(lián)網(wǎng)的未來預(yù)計(jì)將帶來技術(shù)上的重大進(jìn)步以及新的機(jī)遇和挑戰(zhàn)。四、填空題1.Firstly2.Secondly3.Thirdly4.Fourthly5.Fifthly6.Sixthly解析：根據(jù)第三段中列舉的六個關(guān)鍵方面，每個方面之前都有相應(yīng)的副詞短語進(jìn)行引出，分別是“firstly”、“secondly”、“thirdly”、“fourthly”、“fifthly”和“sixthly”。五、完形填空7.Thefirstchallenge8.Secondly9.Thirdly10.Fourthly11.Fif