2024年6月大學(xué)英語四級考試練習(xí)題及答案解析第一部分聽力理解（共25題，每題1分）SectionA新聞報道（共3篇，每篇2-3題）新聞1聽力原文：ThelatestbreakthroughinmedicalAIwasannouncedbyateamfromStanfordUniversitythismorning.Theirnewalgorithm,named"MedicAI-3",cananalyzemedicalimagessuchasX-raysandMRIswithadiagnosticaccuracyof98.7%,surpassingtheaveragehumanradiologist's95%accuracy.TestsconductedacrossfivemajorhospitalsshowedthatMedicAI-3reducedmisdiagnosisratesby30%incasesoflungcancerand25%inbraintumors.Dr.EmilyCarter,theleadresearcher,notedthatwhileAIcannotreplacedoctors,itservesasapowerfultooltoassistincomplexdiagnoses,especiallyinregionswithlimitedmedicalresources.1.Whatisthemaintopicofthenews?A)ThedevelopmentofanewmedicalAIalgorithm.B)AcomparisonbetweenAIandhumandoctors.C)Theshortageofmedicalresourcesinruralareas.D)Newtreatmentmethodsforlungcancer.2.WhatisthediagnosticaccuracyofMedicAI-3?A)95%.B)98.7%.C)30%.D)25%.答案與解析1.A。新聞開頭明確提到“thelatestbreakthroughinmedicalAI”和“newalgorithmnamedMedicAI-3”，全文圍繞該算法的研發(fā)及效果展開，故選A。B選項是細(xì)節(jié)，非主旨；C、D為無關(guān)信息。2.B。原文直接提到“diagnosticaccuracyof98.7%”，故選B。A是人類放射科醫(yī)生的準(zhǔn)確率，C、D是誤診率降低的比例，均錯誤。新聞2聽力原文：SatellitedatareleasedbytheEuropeanSpaceAgency(ESA)revealsthattheThwaitesGlacierinAntarctica,oftencalledthe"DoomsdayGlacier"duetoitspotentialtoraiseglobalsealevels,haslost500billiontonsoficeinthepastthreeyears.Thisrapidmeltingisprimarilycausedbywarmeroceancurrentserodingtheglacier'sunderseabase.IfThwaitesweretocollapseentirely,itcouldcontributeupto65centimeterstosea-levelrise,threateningcoastalcitiesworldwide.ESAscientistDr.LauraHansenwarnedthatevenapartialcollapsewouldacceleratethemeltingofneighboringglaciers,creatingachainreaction.3.WhyisThwaitesGlaciercalledthe"DoomsdayGlacier"?A)ItislocatedinaremoteareaofAntarctica.B)Itsmeltingcouldsignificantlyraisesealevels.C)Ithasauniqueunderseastructure.D)Itisthelargestglacierintheworld.4.Whatisthemaincauseofitsrapidmelting?A)Increasedsolarradiation.B)Warmeroceancurrents.C)Humanindustrialactivities.D)Volcanicheatundertheice.答案與解析3.B。原文明確說明“duetoitspotentialtoraiseglobalsealevels”，故選B。其他選項未提及。4.B。原文指出“primarilycausedbywarmeroceancurrentserodingtheglacier'sunderseabase”，故選B。新聞3聽力原文：ArecentsurveybytheNationalReadingAssociation(NRA)foundthate-bookreadingamongcollegestudentshassurgedby40%overthepasttwoyears,with68%ofrespondentspreferringe-booksfortheirportabilityandsearchfunctions.However,thesurveyalsorevealedaconcerningtrend:studentswhoreadexclusivelyonscreensreportedlowercomprehensionlevelsincomplextexts,suchasacademicpapersandclassicliterature.Dr.MarkLewis,acognitivepsychologist,explainedthatthe"scrolleffect"—theinabilitytophysicallyflippages—makesitharderforreaderstograspthestructureoflongtexts,affectingtheirabilitytoretainandconnectinformation.5.WhatisthemainfindingoftheNRAsurvey?A)E-booksaleshaveincreasedby40%.B)Moststudentsreade-booksforentertainment.C)E-bookreadingamongcollegestudentshasgrownsignificantly.D)E-booksaremoreexpensivethanprintbooks.6.Whydostudentswhoreadexclusivelyonscreenshavelowercomprehension?A)E-bookslackinteractivefeatures.B)The"scrolleffect"disruptstextstructureperception.C)Screenbrightnessaffectseyehealth.D)E-bookscontainfewerillustrations.答案與解析5.C。首句提到“e-bookreadingamongcollegestudentshassurgedby40%”，對應(yīng)C選項。A偷換概念（是閱讀量而非銷量）；B、D未提及。6.B。原文引用Dr.Lewis的解釋：“the'scrolleffect'...makesitharderforreaderstograspthestructureoflongtexts”，故選B。SectionB長對話（共2篇，每篇4題）對話1聽力原文：W:ProfessorClark,Ineedtodiscussmythesistopicwithyou.Iwasthinkingofwritingabouttheimpactofsocialmediaonadolescentmentalhealth.Doyouthinkthat'sagoodchoice?M:It’sarelevanttopic,butit’squitebroad.Haveyouconsiderednarrowingitdown?Forexample,focusingonaspecificplatformlikeTikTokorcomparingtheeffectsofactiveuse(postingcontent)versuspassiveuse(scrolling).W:Thatmakessense.Passiveuseismorecommonamongteens,right?I’vereadsomestudiesthatlinkexcessivescrollingtoincreasedanxiety.M:Exactly.Anotheranglecouldbeculturaldifferences.Doteensincollectivistcultures(likeChina)reactdifferentlytopassivesocialmediausethanthoseinindividualistcultures(liketheUS)?W:That’saninterestingidea.ButwouldIhaveaccesstoenoughdata?M:TheWorldHealthOrganizationhaspublishedcross-culturalstudiesonadolescentmentalhealth,andtherearerecentsurveysfrombothChinaandtheUS.Icansharethelinkswithyou.W:Great!Somaybemytopiccouldbe"PassiveSocialMediaUseandAdolescentAnxiety:ACross-CulturalComparisonBetweenChinaandtheUS"?M:Perfect.That’sspecific,researchable,andaddressesagapincurrentliterature.7.Whatisthewoman’sinitialthesistopic?A)Theroleofsocialmediaineducation.B)Theimpactofsocialmediaonadolescentmentalhealth.C)Culturaldifferencesinsocialmediausage.D)ThepopularityofTikTokamongteens.8.Whatdoestheprofessorsuggesttonarrowdownthetopic?A)Focusingonactiveuseversuspassiveuse.B)Comparingdifferentagegroups.C)Analyzingthedesignofsocialmediaplatforms.D)Studyingtheeconomicimpactofsocialmedia.9.Whatdoestheprofessormentionaboutdataaccess?A)DataisonlyavailablefromChinesesources.B)TheWHOhascross-culturalstudiesonthetopic.C)Norecentsurveysexistonadolescentmentalhealth.D)Dataonpassiveuseisdifficulttocollect.10.Whatisthefinalthesistopic?A)"ActiveSocialMediaUseinCollectivistCultures".B)"AdolescentAnxiety:CausesandSolutions".C)"PassiveSocialMediaUseandAdolescentAnxiety:ACross-CulturalComparison".D)"TikTok’sInfluenceonTeenCommunicationPatterns".答案與解析7.B。女士開頭明確說“Iwasthinkingofwritingabouttheimpactofsocialmediaonadolescentmentalhealth”，故選B。8.A。教授建議“narrowingitdown...focusingon...activeuseversuspassiveuse”，故選A。9.B。教授提到“TheWorldHealthOrganizationhaspublishedcross-culturalstudies”，故選B。10.C。女士最后提出的題目是“PassiveSocialMediaUseandAdolescentAnxiety:ACross-CulturalComparisonBetweenChinaandtheUS”，C選項為簡化版，正確。對話2聽力原文：M:Hi,Sarah.Themanageraskedmetoorganizethequarterlysalesmeetingnextweek.Doyouhavethelatestsalesreports?W:Yes,Ifinalizedthemthismorning.ThetotalsalesinQ2increasedby12%comparedtoQ1,buttheregionalbreakdownisuneven.TheNortheastregiongrewby20%,whiletheSouthwestonlygrewby5%.M:That’sabigdifference.Ishouldincludeaslideonregionalperformance.Also,themanagerwantstodiscussthenewproductlaunchinSeptember.Dowehavethemarketingbudgetconfirmed?W:Thefinancedepartmentapproved$500,000,whichis10%morethanlastyear.Buttheymentionedthatweneedtoprioritizedigitaladsovertraditionalbillboards.M:Goodtoknow.Whataboutthemeetingschedule?Themanagerwantsittostartat9AMandendby1PM.We’llhavea15-minutebreakat10:30.W:I’llsendouttheagendatoallattendeesbytheendoftoday.Also,shouldwebookalargerconferenceroom?Thelastmeetinghad35people,andthisonemighthavemore.M:Yes,themainconferenceroomcanhold50,sothat’ssafer.CouldyoucheckitsavailabilityfornextWednesday?W:Sure,I’lldothatrightafterourcall.11.Whatisthepurposeoftheman’scall?A)Todiscussthenewproductdesign.B)Toorganizethequarterlysalesmeeting.C)Toreviewthecompany’sfinancialbudget.D)Toplanateam-buildingactivity.12.WhatisthesalesgrowthrateoftheNortheastregioninQ2?A)5%.B)10%.C)12%.D)20%.13.Howmuchistheapprovedmarketingbudgetforthenewproduct?A)$450,000.B)$500,000.C)$550,000.D)$600,000.14.WhatdoesthemanaskSarahtodo?A)Preparethesalesreports.B)Bookalargerconferenceroom.C)Designthenewproductpackaging.D)Contactthefinancedepartment.答案與解析11.B。男士開頭說“Themanageraskedmetoorganizethequarterlysalesmeetingnextweek”，故選B。12.D。女士提到“TheNortheastregiongrewby20%”，故選D。13.B。女士明確說“Thefinancedepartmentapproved$500,000”，故選B。14.B。男士說“CouldyoucheckitsavailabilityfornextWednesday?”（指主會議室），即要求預(yù)訂更大的會議室，故選B。SectionC篇章（共3篇，每篇3題）篇章1聽力原文：Sleepisnotjustatimeforthebodytorest;itplaysacrucialroleinmemoryconsolidation.AstudypublishedinNatureNeurosciencefollowed100participantsovertwoweeks,askingthemtolearnaseriesofwordpairs.Halfthegroupsleptfor7-8hoursafterlearning,whiletheotherhalfstayedawake.Thenextday,thesleepgroupremembered82%ofthepairs,comparedtoonly55%fortheawakegroup.Researchersexplainthatduringdeepsleep,thebrainreplaysnewlylearnedinformation,strengtheningconnectionsbetweenneurons.Thisprocessisespeciallyimportantforacademicperformance—studentswhoskipsleeptocramforexamsoftenfindthattheyretainlessinformationthanthosewhogetadequaterest.15.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A)Theimportanceofsleepinmemoryconsolidation.B)Tipsforimprovingsleepquality.C)Thenegativeeffectsofstayingawakeatnight.D)Acomparisonofdifferentsleepstages.16.WhatwastheresultoftheNatureNeurosciencestudy?A)Theawakegrouprememberedmorewordpairs.B)Bothgroupshadsimilarmemoryretention.C)Thesleepgroupremembered82%ofthewordpairs.D)Theawakegroupsleptbetteraftertheexperiment.17.Whyissleepimportantforacademicperformance?A)Itreducesstresslevels.B)Itstrengthensneuralconnectionsformemory.C)Itimprovesphysicalhealth.D)Itincreasesmotivationtostudy.答案與解析15.A。首句點(diǎn)明主旨“Sleep...playsacrucialroleinmemoryconsolidation”，后文用研究支持，故選A。16.C。原文提到“Thesleepgroupremembered82%ofthepairs”，故選C。17.B。研究者解釋“duringdeepsleep,thebrainreplaysnewlylearnedinformation,strengtheningconnectionsbetweenneurons”，對應(yīng)B選項。篇章2聽力原文：Citiesaroundtheworldareinvestinginbike-friendlyinfrastructuretopromotesustainabletransportation.InCopenhagen,50%ofresidentscommutebybike,thankstodedicatedbikelanes,trafficlightssynchronizedwithbikespeeds,andfreebikerepairstations.ArecentstudyinAmsterdamfoundthatareaswithmorebikelanessawa25%reductioninairpollutionanda15%increaseinlocalbusinessrevenue,ascycliststendtostopmorefrequentlythancardrivers.However,challengesremain:biketheftisaprobleminsomecities,andwinterweatherinnorthernregionsrequiresspecialmaintenanceforbikepaths.Despitethis,urbanplannersagreethatprioritizingbikesiskeytoreducingcarbonemissionsandimprovingpublichealth.18.Whatisthemainreasoncitiesareimprovingbikeinfrastructure?A)Toreducebiketheft.B)Topromotesustainabletransportation.C)Toincreasetrafficcongestion.D)Tolowerthecostofpublictransit.19.WhatbenefitofbikelanesismentionedintheAmsterdamstudy?A)Reducedbiketheft.B)Improvedwinterroadconditions.C)Increasedlocalbusinessrevenue.D)Fastercommutingtimesforcars.20.Whatchallengeforbike-friendlycitiesismentioned?A)Lackofpublicinterest.B)Highcostofbikerepairstations.C)Biketheftandwintermaintenance.D)Difficultyinsynchronizingtrafficlights.答案與解析18.B。首句指出“topromotesustainabletransportation”，故選B。19.C。原文提到“a15%increaseinlocalbusinessrevenue”，故選C。20.C。原文明確提到“challenges...biketheft...andwinterweather...requiresspecialmaintenance”，故選C。第二部分閱讀理解（共30題，每題1分）SectionA選詞填空（15選10）閱讀下面短文，從15個選項中選出10個正確選項填入空白處。Thebenefitsofurbangreenspacesextendbeyondaesthetics.Researchshowsthatspendingtimeinparks,communitygardens,orevenstreettreescansignificantlyimprovementalhealth.AstudyinEnvironmentalPsychologyfoundthatpeoplewholivewithin500metersofaparkreportlowerlevelsofstresshormonesand__21__ratesofdepression.Thisispartlybecausegreenspacesencouragephysicalactivity,butalsobecausenaturehasa__22__effectonthebrain.Neuroscientistsexplainthatexposuretonaturalenvironmentsreducesactivityintheprefrontalcortex,abrainregionlinkedto__23__thinkingandworry.Incontrast,urbanareaswithhighnoiseandtraffic__24__thisregion,leadingtoincreasedmentalfatigue.Greenspacesalsofostersocial__25__:parksarewhereneighborsmeet,childrenplay,andcommunityeventsareheld,whichstrengthenssocialbondsandreducesfeelingsofisolation.Citiesarenowprioritizingthe__26__ofgreenspaces,evenindenselypopulatedareas.Forexample,Singapore’s"CityinaGarden"initiativehastransformedconcreterooftopsinto__27__gardens,providingresidentswithaccesstonaturewithoutexpandingcityboundaries.Similarly,NewYork’sHighLine,anelevatedparkbuiltonaformerrailway,attractsmillionsofvisitorsyearly,provingthat__28__spacescanbebothfunctionalandbeautiful.However,notallcommunitieshaveequalaccesstogreenspaces.Low-incomeneighborhoodsoftenhavefewerparksandmore__29__areas,aphenomenonknownas"greeninequity."Addressingthisrequirespolicychanges,suchasallocatingmorefundingto__30__neighborhoodsandinvolvingresidentsinplanningprocesses.選項：A)cultivateB)elevatedC)socialD)lowerE)stimulateF)interactionG)restorationH)constructionI)industrialJ)calmingK)cognitiveL)vacantM)urbanN)vibrantO)allocate答案與解析21.D。根據(jù)“l(fā)owerlevelsofstresshormones”，并列結(jié)構(gòu)應(yīng)選“l(fā)owerratesofdepression”（更低的抑郁率），故選D。22.J。前文提到自然對大腦有益，“calmingeffect”（鎮(zhèn)靜作用）符合邏輯，故選J。23.K。prefrontalcortex與“cognitivethinking”（認(rèn)知思考）相關(guān)，故選K。24.E。“urbanareas...stimulatethisregion”（城市區(qū)域刺激該腦區(qū)）與前文“reducesactivity”對比，故選E。25.F。后文“neighborsmeet,childrenplay”說明是“socialinteraction”（社交互動），故選F。26.H?！皃rioritizingtheconstructionofgreenspaces”（優(yōu)先建設(shè)綠地）符合語境，故選H。27.N?！皏ibrantgardens”（充滿活力的花園）描述屋頂花園的生機(jī)，故選N。28.B。HighLine是“elevatedpark”（高架公園），對應(yīng)“elevatedspaces”，故選B。29.I。低收入社區(qū)“moreindustrialareas”（更多工業(yè)區(qū)）與“fewerparks”對比，故選I。30.L。“fundingtovacantneighborhoods”（資助空置社區(qū)）指需要改造的區(qū)域，故選L。SectionB段落匹配（10題）閱讀下面短文，從A-J段落中選出與10個題干匹配的段落。題干31.Onlinecoursesallowstudentstolearnattheirownpace,whichisbeneficialforthosewithdifferentlearningspeeds.32.Teachersneedtodevelopnewskillstoeffectivelyusetechnologyintheclassroom.33.Theintegrationoftechnologyineducationhasledtoadecreaseinface-to-faceinteractions.34.Virtualrealitycanprovideimmersivelearningexperiencesthattraditionalmethodscannot.35.Someparentsworrythatexcessivescreentimemayharmchildren’seyehealth.36.Educationalappshavemadelearningmoreinteractiveandengagingforyoungstudents.37.TheCOVID-19pandemicacceleratedtheadoptionofonlineteachingtoolsworldwide.38.Schoolsinruralareashavebenefitedfromtechnologybyaccessingresourcesfromtopuniversities.39.ThereisadebateaboutwhetherAItutorscanreplacehumanteachers.40.Digitaltextbooksaremoreenvironmentallyfriendlythanpaperones.短文A)TheCOVID-19pandemicwasaturningpointforeducationaltechnology.Overnight,schoolsworldwideshiftedtoonlineplatformslikeZoomandMicrosoftTeams.AccordingtoUNESCO,1.6billionstudentsin190countrieswereaffectedbyschoolclosures,drivingtherapidadoptionofvirtualclassrooms.Thisforcedexperimenthighlightedboththepotentialandlimitationsoftechineducation.B)Oneofthemostpraisedfeaturesofonlinelearningisitsflexibility.Unliketraditionalclassroomswithfixedschedules,platformssuchasCourseraandKhanAcademyallowlearnerstopause,rewind,andrevisitlessons.Thisself-pacedmodelisespeciallyhelpfulforstudentswhoneedmoretimetograspconceptsorthosebalancingstudieswithwork.C)Whiletechnologyenhancesaccessibility,italsoraisesconcernsaboutsocialinteraction.A2023studyinEducationalResearchfoundthatmiddleschoolstudentsusingtabletsfor80%oftheirclassesreportedfeeling"lessconnected"topeersandteachers.Theabsenceofnonverbalcues—smiles,gestures,eyecontact—canweakentheemotionalbondcrucialforlearning.D)Virtualreality(VR)isrevolutionizingSTEMeducation.InapilotprogramatMIT,chemistrystudentsusedVRheadsetsto"enter"molecularstructures,rotatingandzoominginonatomstounderstandchemicalbonds.TeachersnotedthatstudentswhousedVRscored30%higheronspatialreasoningteststhanthoseusing2Ddiagrams.E)TheriseofAItutors,suchasDuolingo’s"GrammarGuru"andChatGPT’seducationalmode,hassparkeddebate.Proponentsarguetheyprovidepersonalizedfeedback24/7,whilecriticsinsisthumanteachersofferempathy,mentorship,andtheabilitytoadapttounexpectedstudentneeds—qualitiesAIcurrentlylacks.F)Forruralschools,technologybridgestheresourcegap.AprojectinKenya’sremotevillagesusessatelliteinternettostreamlecturesfromHarvardandOxford.Localteachersactasfacilitators,guidingstudentsthroughthecontent.Testscoresintheseschoolshaverisenby25%sincetheprogrambegan.G)EducationalappslikeABCmouseandProdigyMathturnlearningintoagame.Withcolorfulanimations,rewardsystems,andinstantfeedback,theseappskeepyounglearnersengaged.AsurveybyCommonSenseMediafoundthat85%ofparentswithchildrenunder10reportedtheirkids"asktouseeducationalapps"—astarkcontrasttotraditionalworkbookcomplaints.H)Teacherstodayneedmorethansubjectexpertise;theymustbetech-savvy.A2024reportbytheNationalEducationAssociationstatesthat60%ofeducatorslacktraininginusinginteractivewhiteboards,AItools,anddataanalyticssoftware.Professionaldevelopmentprogramsarenowprioritizing"edtechliteracy"tohelpteachersintegratetechnologyseamlessly.I)Environmentaladvocatespraisedigitaltextbooksforreducingpaperwaste.Asingledigitaltextbooksaves6.3poundsofpaper,equivalentto0.5treesperstudentperyear.SchoolsinCaliforniathatswitchedtodigitalmaterialsreporteda40%dropintheirannualpaperusage.J)Parentalconcernsaboutscreentimearevalid.TheAmericanAcademyofPediatricsrecommendsnomorethan1-2hoursofrecreationalscreentimeforchildrenunder6,buteducationalappsoftenexceedthis.A2023surveyfoundthat45%ofparentsworryabouteyestrain,while30%areconcernedaboutreducedphysicalactivity.答案與解析31.B。段落B提到“self-pacedmodel...helpfulforstudentswhoneedmoretime”，對應(yīng)題干“l(fā)earnattheirownpace”。32.H。段落H指出“Teacherstodayneed...tech-savvy”“l(fā)acktraininginusing...software”，對應(yīng)題干“developnewskills”。33.C。段落C提到“students...reportedfeeling'lessconnected'topeersandteachers”，對應(yīng)“decreaseinface-to-faceinteractions”。34.D。段落D描述VR“revolutionizingSTEMeducation”“30%higheronspatialreasoningtests”，對應(yīng)“immersivelearningexperiences”。35.J。段落J提到“45%ofparentsworryabouteyestrain”，對應(yīng)“harmchildren’seyehealth”。36.G。段落G提到“Educationalapps...turnlearningintoagame”“85%ofparents...kids'asktouse'”，對應(yīng)“moreinteractiveandengaging”。37.A。段落A指出“COVID-19pandemic...drivingtherapidadoptionofvirtualclassrooms”，對應(yīng)“acceleratedtheadoption”。38.F。段落F提到“ruralschools...streamlecturesfromHarvardandOxford”“testscoresrisenby25%”，對應(yīng)“benefitedfromtechnology”。39.E。段落E提到“debateaboutwhetherAItutorscanreplacehumanteachers”，直接對應(yīng)題干。40.I。段落I提到“digitaltextbooks...reducingpaperwaste”“40%dropinpaperusage”，對應(yīng)“environmentallyfriendly”。SectionC仔細(xì)閱讀（2篇，每篇5題）Passage1Plasticpollutionintheworld’soceanshasreachedcrisislevels.Anestimated8milliontonsofplasticentertheoceansannually,withsingle-useitemslikebottles,bags,andstrawsaccountingfor50%ofthiswaste.Onceinthewater,plasticbreaksdownintomicroplastics(particlessmallerthan5mm),whichareingestedbymarinelife.AstudyinSciencefoundthat90%ofseabirdsand52%ofturtleshaveplasticintheirstomachs.Microplasticsalsoenterthehumanfoodchain.Whenfishconsumemicroplastics,thetoxinsintheplasticaccumulateintheirtissues.Humanswhoeatthesefishtheningestthetoxins,whichhavebeenlinkedtocancer,hormonaldisorders,anddevelopmentalissuesinchildren.Toaddressthis,manycountrieshaveimplementedbansonsingle-useplastics.Forexample,theEuropeanUnion’sSingle-UsePlasticsDirectiveprohibitsitemslikeplasticcutleryandstraws,withfinesupto€100,000forviolations.InKenya,astrictplasticbagbanhasreducedplasticwasteby80%since2017.However,enforcementremainsachallengeindevelopingnations,wherewastemanagementsystemsareofteninadequate.Individualactionsalsomatter.Choosingreusablebags,bottles,andcontainersreducesplasticconsumption.Additionally,supportingpoliciesthatpromotecirculareconomies—whereproductsaredesignedtobereusedorrecycled—candrivesystemicchange.AsmarinebiologistDr.JaneWilsonnotes,"Plasticpollutionisahumanproblem,anditrequiresahumansolution."41.Whatpercentageofoceanplasticwastecomesfromsingle-useitems?A)50%.B)80%.C)90%.D)52%.42.Whatisthemainriskofmicroplasticstohumans?A)Theycausephysicalinjurytomarinelife.B)Toxinsfrommicroplasticsaccumulateinfishtissues.C)Theyblockthedigestivesystemsofseabirds.D)Theyreducetheoxygenlevelsinoceanwater.43.WhatistheresultofKenya’splasticbagban?A)A50%reductioninplasticwaste.B)Finesupto€100,000forviolations.C)An80%reductioninplasticwaste.D)Increaseduseofreusablecontainers.44.Whatdoes"circulareconomies"referto?A)Economiesbasedonrecyclingandreusingproducts.B)Economiesthatrelyonsingle-useplastics.C)Economieswithstrictwastemanagementlaws.D)Economiesfocusedonmarineconservation.45.WhatisDr.JaneWilson’sview?A)Plasticpollutionisimpossibletosolve.B)Onlygovernmentscanaddressplasticpollution.C)Humanactionsarekeytosolvingplasticpollution.D)Microplasticsarenotasignificantthreattohumans.答案與解析41.A。首段第二句“single-useitems...accountingfor50%ofthiswaste”，故選A。42.B。第二段提到“toxinsintheplasticaccumulateintheirtissues.Humans...ingestthetoxins”，故選B。43.C。第三段提到“Kenya...reducedplasticwasteby80%since2017”，故選C。44.A。末段“circulareconomies—whereproductsaredesignedtobereusedorrecycled”，故選A。45.C。末句“Plasticpollutionisahumanproblem,anditrequiresahumansolution”，故選C。Passage2Remotework,onceanichetrend,hasbecomemainstreampost-pandemic.A2024surveybyOwlLabsfoundthat58%offull-timeworkersintheUSnowworkremotelyatleastonceaweek.Proponentsarguethatremoteworkimproveswork-lifebalance:employeessavetimeoncommuting,havemoreflexibilitytocareforfamily,andoftenreporthigherjobsatisfaction.However,remoteworkhasdownsides.Forsome,thelinebetweenworkandpersonallifeblurs,leadingto"always-on"cultureandburnout.AstudyinJournalofOccupationalHealthPsychologyfoundthatremoteworkersworkanaverageof2.5extrahoursperday,oftenunpaid.Additionally,remoteteamsmaystrugglewithcommunication—misinterpretationsofemailsorSlackmessagescanleadtoconflicts.Companiesareadaptingbyhybridmodels,whereemployeesworkpart-timeintheofficeandpart-timeathome.Thiscompromiseallowsforin-personcollaborationoncriticalprojectswhileretainingflexibility.Forexample,Googlerequiresemployeestobeintheofficethreedaysaweek,usingthosedaysforteammeetingsandbrainstorming.Anotherchallengeismaintainingcompanyculture.In-officeinteractions—casualconversationsbythecoffeemachine,teamlunches—fostercamaraderiethat’shardtoreplicatevirtually.Toaddressthis,somecompaniesorganizemonthly"in-personretreats"orusevirtualtoolslikeVRofficestosimulateface-to-faceinteractions.Despitethesechallenges,mostemployeesandemployersagreethatremoteworkisheretostay.AstheCEOofatechstartupputit,"Thefutureofworkisn’tentirelyremoteorentirelyin-office—it’samixthatprioritizesbothproductivityandwell-being."46.WhatpercentageofUSfull-timeworkersworkremotelyatleastonceaweek?A)2.5%.B)58%.C)30%.D)80%.47.Whatisabenefitofremoteworkmentioned?A)Reducedriskofburnout.B)Improvedwork-lifebalance.C)Morein-personcollaboration.D)Higherpayforextrahours.48.WhatproblemdoremoteworkersfaceaccordingtotheJournalofOccupationalHealthPsychology?A)Theyworkfewerhoursthanofficeworkers.B)Theystrugglewithtimemanagement.C)Theywork2.5extrahoursperdayonaverage.D)Theyhavepoorcommunicationskills.49.Whatisahybridworkmodel?A)Workingentirelyfromhome.B)Workingentirelyintheoffice.C)Workingpart-timeintheofficeandpart-timeathome.D)UsingVRofficesforallmeetings.50.Whydocompaniesorganizein-personretreats?A)Toreducecommutingtime.B)Tofostercompanycultureandcamaraderie.C)Toenforcestricterworkhours.D)Totestnewremoteworktools.答案與解析46.B。第二段首句“58%offull-timeworkers...workremotelyatleastonceaweek”，故選B。47.B。第二段第二句“Proponentsarguethatremoteworkimproveswork-lifebalance”，故選B。48.C。第三段提到“remoteworkersworkanaverageof2.5extrahoursperday”，故選C。49.C。第四段“hybridmodels,whereemployeesworkpart-timeintheofficeandpart-timeathome”，故選C。