試題試題2024北京和平街一中高二10月月考英語本試卷共9頁，共100分。考試時(shí)長100分鐘?？忌鷦?wù)必將答案寫在答題紙上，在試卷上作答無效。第一部分：知識(shí)運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，30分)第一節(jié)完形填空（共10小題；每小題1.5分，共15分）閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。BreakdownandStart-upJustovertwoyearsago,Iwasdrivinghomefairlylateonenightonaquiet,remoteroadwhenanothercarsuddenlymovedtowardsmewithgreat___1___.Ihadtomakeasuddenandquicksidewaysmovementto___2___hittingitandIalmosthitatree.LuckilyIwasn’thurt,butIcouldn’tgetmycartostart.Ithadbrokendown.Ifeltquite___3___asitwaslateandtherewerehardlyanyothercarsaround.I___4___myroadsideassistancecompanyforhelpandtheytoldmesomeonewouldbethereinaroundoneandhalfanhour.Afteraboutfifteenminutes,apassingcar___5___andastrongmanwithaseriousfacesteppedoutofthecar.HeaskedifIneeded___6___andItoldhimwhathadhappened.He___7___offeredtostaywithmeuntilroadsideassistancearrived.IwasuncertainaboutwhattodobecauseIwasnervousanduneasy.Therewassomethingverycalmandcomfortableinhisvoice,soItookhimuponhisoffer.Whilewaiting,westartedtalkingandreally___8___itoff.Bythetimetheroadsideassistancemanturnedup,we’darrangedto___9___again.Twoyearson,wehavesharedthejoysandsorrowsoflifetogether.IwishIcouldthankthecarelessdriverwhoforcedmeofftheroad.Ifhewasabetterdriver,I’dneverhavemetalifelong____10____.1.A.power B.effort C.care D.speed2.A.avoid B.practice C.risk D.delay3.A.guilty B.ashamed C.anxious D.curious4.A.phoned B.recommended C.blamed D.examined5.A.startedup B.brokedown C.droveoff D.pulledup6.A.space B.help C.care D.information7.A.kindly B.carefully C.eagerly D.rudely8.A.took B.shook C.knocked D.hit9.A.travel B.play C.meet D.wait10.A.interest B.friendship C.dream D.habit第二節(jié)語法填空（共10小題；每小題1.5分，共15分）A閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個(gè)恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。Engineersinventedanewdevicetoproducesolarelectricityatnight.Solarpanelstransformsunlightintoenergy,sothey____11____(traditional)workonlyduringdaylighthours.Thisdevice,however____12____(use)athermoelectricgenerator,whichcreatesenergyfromdifferencesintemperature.Inthiscase,cooleveningairisaslightlydifferenttemperaturethanthesolarcellinthepanel.Thatbecomesenergy,_____13_____istransformedintoelectricity.Thedevicecouldbehelpfulinareas_____14_____(locate)farfromapowergrid(電網(wǎng)).B閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個(gè)恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。WhenIreadoneofGraham’sbooksandseehimonTV,Iamproudofhim.Iused___15___(teach)him!IrememberGrahamwasverydifficult____16____Itaughthim.ButhechangedquicklyafterIsetupanexperimenttoshowhowthehumanstomachworks____17____(use)acidandanonion.C閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。NickwasridinghisbikealongtheArchingRiverwhenhenoticedsomething____18____(usual)inthewater.Hetookacloserlookandsawapairoffin-likethingscirclingabovetheriver’ssurface.____19____(confuse)bywhathehadseen,NicktookavideoandposteditontheInternet.Dayslater,someresearchersconfirmedthathe____20____(spot)twodolphins—thefirstcetacean(鯨目動(dòng)物)sightedinthisriversince2017—andthissuggestedtheeffortstorestorethehealthoftheriverwerepayingoff.第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，38分）第一節(jié)(共14小題；每小題2分，共28分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。AWanttoexplorenewviews,trynewactivitiesandhavehappyfamilyhoursatthesametime?Herearesomebrightideas.FlipOut,GlasgowThisplaceholdstheimpressivetitleofbeingthebiggesttrampoline(蹦床)showgroundintheworld.Setin63,000squarefeet,therearezonestailoredforyoungerchildren,aswellasballgamessuchasfootballandbasketball.TryaFlipFitexerciseclasswhereyoucanburn1000caloriespersession.Standardone-hour￡11.KewGardens,LondonThereare300acresofgreenspacetoexplorewiththousandsofplantstodiscoverfromallaroundtheworld.Goinsidetheglasshouses,andgetupclosetoKew’scollectionoftreesinits59ft-hightreetopwalkway.TheChildren’sGardeniswherekidscandiscoverearth,air,sunandwater—alltheelementsthatplantsneedtogrow.Familyoffourticket,￡41.25.IronbridgeGorgeMuseums,ShropshireStepbackintimeatBlistsHillVictorianTown,wherelifefrommorethanacenturyagoiscarefullyrecreated.Changeyourmoneyintopounds,shillingsandpenceatthebanktospendintheshopsandtreatyourselftosometraditionalfishandchipsfromtheFryers.TicketstotheVictorianTown，￡21.50adults.BewilderwoodNorfolkandCheshireInspiredbytheBeWILDerwoodbookseriesbyTomBiofeld,thewholefamilycanspendhoursclimbingacrossawoodenadventurelandinNorfolk.There’severythingfromabovegroundrope-walkstoclimbingwalls,andconfusingmazes.Childrenunder92cmgetinfree,between92cmand105cm￡19.50,over105cm￡21.50.Adults￡25.50.GreenWoodFamilyPark,NorthWalesItisanoutdooradventurelocatedbeneaththetreesofSnowdoniaNationalPark.Runwildthroughancientforest,andwanderaroundtheEnchantedRiverRide.HavefunontheUK’sonlysolar-poweredwaterrideandjumpaboardtheworld’sfirstpeople-poweredrollercoaster.Onlineadvancedadulttickets,￡16.50,children￡16.Formoreinformation,pleasecontactthetravelagencyviatraveldesk@MirrorT.21.FlipOutisuniqueinits_______.A.fitnessclass B.specialzonesforchildrenC.sportsgames D.trampolineshowgroundarea22.Ifyouwanttoexperiencelifeintheoldtime,whichactivitywillyouchoose?A.KewGardens B.IronbridgeGorgeMuseumsC.GreenWoodFamilyPark D.BewilderwoodNorfolkandCheshire23.IftheSmithsandtheirdaughter,lessthan92cm,wanttogotoBewilderwood,howmuchwouldtheypay?A.25.5 B.45 C.51 D.47BAsmostofyouknow,thefirstyearofuniversityisalwaysthehardesttoadaptto.Theadditionoftakingcareofyourself,makingnewfriends,learninghowtogetaroundcampus,andschoolcansometimesbetoomuchtobear.Iwouldliketoattendmedicalschoolaftermyfour-yearundergraduate.Itiswell-knownthatmedicalschoolsareverycompetitiveandrequireextremelyhighmarks.IhadalwaysknownthatIwasmeantformedicalschoolandworkedhardallthroughouthighschool.IengagedinlifesciencesandknewthatIwantedtodoadoublemajorinneuroscience(神經(jīng)科學(xué))andpsychology,butofcourse,Iwasn’tsofondofthepreconditionstogettothatstage.Ihadtotakemathandphysicsinmyfirstyear.SoafterthechokeIcallthefirstterm,IlookedbackonmygradesandfoundthatIhadneverseennumberslikethisbefore.Ireallydidn’teventhinktheywerepossible.Ihadheardthatmedicalschoolslikedtoseeanupwardtrend,soIwasdiscouragedandhurt,buttriednottothinkaboutit.HavingyourgradestakenawayfromyouwhenthatwasallyouhadwasahugethingIhadtoovercome—Idefinedmyworthbyhow“smart”IwasandgettingpastthatmindsetwasthehardestthingI’veeverdone.AfterIsawmygrades,IrealizedthemistakeImadetakingabunchofunnecessarilychallengingcourses.Attheendofmysecondterm,mygradesweren’tashighasIwantedthemtobe,butIacceptedit.Iknewthattherewerereasonsforthedifferencesbetweenindividuals,butIstillsawahugeimprovementinmymarksfromthefirstterm.IhadenjoyedmytimeinmysecondtermandeventhoughIwasn’twhereIwantedtobe,ithadnothingtodowithmyplaceintheuniversity.Itwasveryeye-openingandtaughtmewhatIneededtodoinordertoachieveMYbest—notwhateveryoneelseconsideredtobethebest.I’mnowtakingasummerschoolcourseandmymarksareincrediblybetterthanwhatIwasgettingduringmyfirstyearofschool.ThoughIhadaroughstart,I’msuremylessonsandnewattitudewillcarrymemuchfartherthanjusttomedicalschool.24.Theauthorwantedtotakeadoublemajorbecauseshe______.A.likedthetwomajorsbetterB.waspreparingherselfforhergoalC.triedtoproveheracademicabilityD.decidedtochallengeherselfinuniversity25.Howdidtheauthorfeelwhenreviewinghergradesafterthefirstterm?A.Satisfied. B.Surprised. C.Calm. D.Angry.26.Inthesecondterm,theauthor______.A.acceptedthegradesanddidnothingB.triedtolearnmorenecessarycoursesC.viewedlearningfromadifferentangleD.focusedonlearningmedicalknowledge27.Whatcanwelearnfromthispassage?A.Afreshstartleadstomorechallenges.B.Hardworkwillpayoffsoonerorlater.C.Sticktoyourplanandyouwillsucceed.D.Properadjustmentwilltakeyoufarther.CGrowingup,IfeltthatIlearnedsomethingsquicklyandotherthingspainfullyslowly.PickingupFrenchandSpanishseemedtocomenaturally,whilepaintinganddrawingrequiredalotofpractice.Ithoughtthatsomepeoplejusthaveatalentforlanguages;othersdon’t.You’veprobablyfeltthesameway—thatcertainthingswereeasierforyoutolearn.Andsodidmyresearchpartners.Sowesetouttoidentifywhatmakessomepeoplelearnfasterthanothers.Ifwecouldjustdistill(提取)theseunique(獨(dú)特的)characteristics,wethought,wewouldbeabletocreatebetterlearningenvironments—andmakeeveryoneafastlearner.Inourstudy,wemodeldatafromstudentperformanceongroupsoftasksthatassess(評(píng)估)thesameskillcomponentandthatprovidefollow-upinstructionsonstudenterrors.Ourmodelsestimatetheincreaseincorrectnessaftereachpracticeopportunity.Weappliedourmodelsto1.3millionobservationsacross27datasetsofstudentinteractionswithonlinepracticesystemsinthecontextofelementarytocollegecourses.Incontrast,andmuchtooursurprise,wefoundstudentstobeastonishinglysimilarinestimatedlearningrate.Therearenosuchthingsasfastandslowlearners!Wefindthatatypicalstudentneedsaboutsevenlearningopportunitiestomasteratypicalknowledgecomponent(組件).Theystartatdifferentlevelsofproficiency(熟練)but,whenprovidedwithhigh-qualitypracticeopportunities,theylearnataboutthesamespeed.Yes,theywillendindifferentplaces—butthat’sbecausetheyhavedifferentstartinglines,notbecausetheyarequickerorslowertolearn.Thatmeansthetypesofopportunitiesyougetareimportant.Detailed,timelyfeedbackandhintsprovidefavorableconditionsthatallowyoutoconsistentlymakeprogress,regardlessofwhereyoubegan.Don’tthinkyou’realoneiflearningfeelsslowandeffortful.Dotry,tryagain.Youcanmakeasmuchprogressaseveryoneelse—andsocantheyoungpeopleinyourlife.Achievementgapsaretheresultofopportunitygaps,notindividualdifferencesinlearningspeed.28.Whatistheauthor’spreviousthoughtaccordingtothefirsttwoparagraphs?A.Hecan’tlearnpaintinganddrawing.B.Allpeoplehaveatalentforlanguages.C.Peoplelearnthingsinthesameway.D.Peoplehavedifferentlearningspeeds.29.Whatdidtheresearchersdointheresearch?A.Teachelementarycourses.B.Criticizestudents’mistakes.C.Applytheirmodelsextensively.D.Distinguishthefastandslowlearners.30.Whatisthebesttitleofthetext?A.ThereIsNoSuchThingsasaFastLearnerB.HowWeCanLearnFasterthanOthersC.ThereIsNoDifferenceBetweenStudentsD.WhyEducationIsImportanttoUsDSearch“toxicparents”,andyou’llfindmorethan38,000posts,largelyurgingyoungadultstocuttieswiththeirfamilies.Theideaistosafeguardone’smentalhealthfromabusiveparents.However,asapsychoanalyst,I’veseenthattrendinrecentyearsbecomeawaytomanageconflictsinthefamily,andIhaveseenthesevereimpactsestrangement(疏遠(yuǎn))hasonbothsidesofthedivide.Thisisaself-helptrendthatcreatesmuchharm.ResearchbyKarlPillemer,aprofessoratCornellUniversity,indicatesthat1in4Americanadultshavebecomeestrangedfromtheirfamilies.Ibelievethat’sanundercount,becauseothershavestoppedshortofcompletelycuttingoffcontactbuthaveeffectivelybrokentheties.“Canceling”yourparentcanbeseenasanextensionofaculturaltrendaimedatcorrectingimbalancesinpowerandsystemicinequality.Certainlythefamilyisonesysteminwhichpowerhasneverbeenbalanced.In1933,thepsychoanalystSándorFerencziwarnedthateventhesimpleindicationthatsomeonehasmorepowerthanwedocouldpotentiallybedamaging.Today’ssocialjusticevaluesrespondtothisreality,callingonustocriticizeoppressiveandharmfulfiguresandtogainpowerforthosewhohavebeenpowerless.Butwhenadultchildrenusethemosteffectivetooltheyhave-themselves-togainasenseofsecurityandbantheirparentsfromtheirlives,therolesaresimplyswitched,andthepainonlydeepens.Often,whatIseeinmypracticearecasesoffamilyconflictmismanaged,powerdynamicsturnedupsidedownratherthannegotiated.Iseetheterribleeffectofthattrend;situationswithnowinners,onlyisolated(孤獨(dú)的)humanswholongtobeknownandfeelsafeinthepresenceoftheother.Thecatchisthatafterestrangement,adultchildrenarenotsuddenlylessdependent.Infact,theyfeelabandonedandbetrayed,becauseintheunconscious,itdoesn’tmatterwhoisdoingtheleaving;thefeelingthatremainsis“beingleft”.Theycarrytheghostsoftheirchildhood,tacklingtheemotionalrealitythatthosewhoraiseduscannevertrulybeleftbehind,nomatterhowhardwetry.WhatIhavefoundisthatmostofthesefamiliesneedrepair,notpermanentbreak-up.Howelsecanonelearnhowtonegotiateneeds,tocreateboundariesandtotrust?Howelsecanweloveothers,andourselves,ifnotthroughacceptingthelimitationsthatcomewithbeinghuman?Goodrelationshipsaretheresultnotofaperfectlevelofharmonybutratherofsuccessfuladjustments.Topursuedialogueinsteadofestrangementwillbehardandpainfulwork.Itcan’tbeasingleprojectof“self-help”,becauseattheendoftheday,realintimacy(親密關(guān)系)isachievedbyworkingthroughtheinjuriesofthepasttogether.Inmostcasesoffamilyconflict,repairispossibleandpreferabletoestrangement—andit’sworththework.31.Whydoyoungpeoplecuttieswiththefamily?A.Togainanindependentlife.B.Torestoreharmonyinthefamily.C.Toprotecttheirpsychologicalwell-being.D.Tofollowatendencytowardssocialjustice.32.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“catch”inParagraph6mean?A.Response. B.Problem. C.Operation. D.Emphasis.33.Tomanagefamilyconflict,theauthoragreesthatyoungadultsshould.A.breakdownboundaries B.gainpowerwithinthefamilyC.liveuptotheirparents’expectations D.acceptimperfectionoffamilymembers34.What’stheauthor’spurposeofwritingthepassage?A.Toadvocateaself-helptrend. B.Tojustifyacommonsocialvalue.C.Toargueagainstacurrentpractice. D.Todiscussameansofcommunication.第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，共10分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的七個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)?！癐stheglasshalfemptyorhalffull?”ThisoldEnglishsayinghaslongbeenusedtodifferentiateapessimistfromanoptimist.Formostyoungpeopletoday,theanswerisusually“halffull”,becausewehavebeentaughtthatapositiveattitudetowardslifeisoneoftheprimarykeystosuccess.____35____Recentstudiesindicatethatitalldepends.Thereissuchathingastoomuchpositivity,alsoknownastoxicpositivity.Ithappenswhensomeoneremainsinahappyandpositivestateandignoresanybadandnegativeemotionsacrossallsituations.____36____Thedeathofapet,alowscoreonatest,oramountainofnewhomeworkshouldleadtoemotionssuchassadness,frustrationandanger.Ifwehidetheseemotionsjustbecausewewanttolookoptimisticinfrontofourfriendsandfamily,theycanbuildupinsideofusandenduperuptinginunexpectedways.____37________38____Imaginehavinghadabadday,andwantingtotalkaboutitwithyourfriend.However,insteadoflisteningtoyourproblemsandsympathizingwithyou,theysimplytoldyouto“bepositive”andto“l(fā)ookonthebrightside.”Bysayingsuchthings,theygiveyoutheimpressionthatyourproblemsarebeingcompletelyignored.Moreover,sinceyoudon’thavetheright“attitude,”yourproblemsareultimatelyyourownfault.Thatbeingsaid,nobodylikestobearounddepressedpeople.Justtakeeverythingasitcomesandexpresshowyoureallyfeel.____39____.GiveneverythingIhavealreadysaid,mysimpleadvicetoyouistodothatwhichgivesyouthebest“attitude”inlife,whateverforyouthatmightbe.Regardlessofwhetheraglassishalf-emptyorhalf-full,itnonethelessstillhasspacetofill.A.However,isbeingnegativenecessarilyabadthing?B.Thismakesyouhuman,andyourtruefriendswillalwaysstickbyyou.C.Butactually,itisnormalforustoexperiencearangeofemotionsinaday.D.AndthisiswhyIwouldwanttowriteaboutstayingpositiveinthesedifficulttimes.E.Evidencesuggeststhatoverlypositivepeopleareatahigherriskofdevelopingpsychologicalproblems.F.Asidefromthepersonalemotionalimpactsoftoxicpositivity,thisattitudecanalsohaveanegativeeffectonthepeoplearoundyou.G.Butwitheverythingthathasbeengoingonbothathomeandabroad,it’sprobablyfelttoyoulikeacontinuousstruggletoremainpositive.第三部分書面表達(dá)（共兩節(jié)，32分）第一節(jié)閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容在答題卡相應(yīng)題號(hào)后的橫線上寫下相關(guān)信息，完成對(duì)該問題的回答。Doyouspendoveranhoureachdaytextingmessagestoyourfriends?Doyoufrequentlyignorework,study,andotheractivitiestocheckyourphoneformessages?Areyouanxiousandrestlessifyouareseparatedfromyourmobilephone?Ifyouanswer“yes”toanyofthequestions,thenitisverypossiblethatyouareatextaholic.Atextaholiccanbedefinedassomeonewhoisaddictedtosendingandreceivingmessages.Themainsymptoms(癥狀)areastrongdesiretotextmessages,whichtakesprecedence(優(yōu)先)overeverythingelse,andbadmoods,lowspiritsandalackofself-confidenceifmessagesfailtocomein.Therootoftheproblem,aswithmanyaddictions,isthedesiretoescapefromemotionaldifficultiessuchasstress,anxietyandrelationshipproblems.Expertswarnthattextaddictionislikelytobecomethemostcommonformofaddictioninthefuture,especiallyamongtheyoung．

Sowhatcanyoudoifyouthinkyoumaybeatextaholic?Thekeyistogetyourlifebackinbalance.Makesureyouresisttheurgetoanswereverymessageyoureceive,andconsiderleavingyourmobilephonebehindoccasionallywhenyougoout.Mostimportantly,makeapointofspendingqualitytimewithfriendsandfamily,andmaketimetore-learntheartofface-to-faceconversationinsteadofconductingyourrelationshipsbymeansoftextmessages.Notonlywillyousavetimeandmoney,butyoumayalsorediscoverthepleasureoftruecommunication.40.Whatisatextaholic?______________________________41.Whatcausesapersontobeatextaholic?______________________________42.Pleasedecidewhichpartisfalseinthefollowingstatement,thenunderlineitandexplainwhy.Tocuretextaddiction,individualsshouldrefusetorespondtomessagesandspendqualitytimewithfriendsandfamily.______________________________43.Tohelpatextaholic,whatothersuggestionswouldyougivehimorher?(Inabout40words)______________________________書面表達(dá)（20分）44.假如你是李華，計(jì)劃和同學(xué)去敬老院（nursinghome）陪老人們國重陽節(jié)（theDoubleNinthFestival）。請(qǐng)給外教Lucy寫封郵件，邀她一同前往，內(nèi)容包括：1.出發(fā)及返回時(shí)間；2.活動(dòng)：包餃子、表演節(jié)目等。注意：1.詞數(shù)100左右；2.可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫；3.結(jié)語已為你寫好。DearLucy,_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Lookingforwardtoyourreply.YoursLiHua

參考答案第一部分：知識(shí)運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，30分)第一節(jié)完形填空（共10小題；每小題1.5分，共15分）【答案】1.D2.A3.C4.A5.D6.B7.A8.D9.C10.B【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文，主要講的是作者在一個(gè)晚上為了躲避車輛而導(dǎo)致自己的車無法再次啟動(dòng)，一個(gè)好心的司機(jī)停下車來陪著作者聊天，直到路邊救援公司到來，此后作者和那個(gè)人成為了好朋友。【1題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：就在兩年前的一個(gè)晚上，我很晚才開車回家，行駛在一條僻靜偏僻的路上，突然另一輛車以極快的速度向我駛來。A.power權(quán)力；B.effort努力；C.care照料，護(hù)理；D.speed速度。根據(jù)下文“Ihadtomakeasuddenandquicksidewaysmovement”可知，突然另一輛車以極快的速度向作者駛來。故選D?！?題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：為了避免撞到它，我不得不突然快速地向旁邊移動(dòng)，結(jié)果我差點(diǎn)撞到一棵樹。A.avoid避免；B.practice練習(xí)；C.risk風(fēng)險(xiǎn)；D.delay推遲。根據(jù)下文“hittingit”可知，作者是避免撞到那輛車。故選A?！?題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我很擔(dān)心，因?yàn)橐呀?jīng)很晚了，周圍又幾乎沒有別的車。A.guilty有罪的；B.ashamed慚愧的；C.anxious焦慮的，擔(dān)心的；D.curious好奇的。根據(jù)下文“therewerehardlyanyothercarsaround”可知，天很晚，周圍又沒有車，所以作者很擔(dān)心。故選C?！?題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我打電話給路邊救援公司尋求幫助，他們告訴我一個(gè)半小時(shí)左右就會(huì)有人到。A.phoned打電話；B.recommended推薦；C.blamed責(zé)備；D.examined檢查。根據(jù)下文“theytoldmesomeonewouldbethereinaroundoneandhalfanhour”可知，作者打電話給路邊救援公司尋求幫助。故選A。【5題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：大約十五分鐘后，一輛路過的汽車停了下來，一位神情嚴(yán)肅的壯漢從車?yán)镒吡顺鰜?。A.startedup開始；B.brokedown出故障；C.droveoff駕車離去；D.pulledup停下來。根據(jù)下文“astrongmanwithaseriousfacesteppedoutofthecar”可知，一輛路過的汽車停了下來。故選D?！?題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他問我是否需要幫助，我告訴他發(fā)生了什么事。A.space空間；B.help幫助；C.care照料，護(hù)理；D.information信息。根據(jù)下文“Itoldhimwhathadhappened”可知，那個(gè)人應(yīng)該是問作者是否需要幫助。故選B?！?題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：他好心地提出在路邊救援人員到來之前陪著我。A.kindly好心地；B.carefully仔細(xì)地；C.eagerly急切地；D.rudely粗魯?shù)?。根?jù)下文“offeredtostaywithme”可知，那個(gè)人好心地提出在路邊救援人員到來之前陪著作者。故選A?！?題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：在等待的時(shí)候，我們開始聊天，非常合得來。A.took拿走；B.shook搖晃；C.knocked敲；D.hit打，擊。根據(jù)下文“Twoyearson,wehavesharedthejoysandsorrowsoflifetogether”可知，作者和那個(gè)人非常合得來，hititoff是固定短語，意為“合得來”。故選D?！?題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：路邊救援人員出現(xiàn)時(shí)，我們已經(jīng)安排好了再次見面。A.travel旅行；B.play玩兒；C.meet見面；D.wait等待。根據(jù)上文“really___8___itoff”和下文“Twoyearson,wehavesharedthejoysandsorrowsoflifetogether”可知，作者和那個(gè)人已經(jīng)安排好了再次見面。故選C?！?0題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：如果他是一個(gè)更好的司機(jī)，我永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)遇到終身的友誼。A.interest興趣；B.friendship友誼；C.dream夢(mèng)想；D.habit習(xí)慣。根據(jù)上文“Twoyearson,wehavesharedthejoysandsorrowsoflifetogether”可知，此處表示“如果他是一個(gè)更好的司機(jī)，我永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)遇到終身的友誼”。故選B。第二節(jié)語法填空（共10小題；每小題1.5分，共15分）【答案】11.traditionally12.uses13.which14.located【導(dǎo)語】本文為一篇說明文。講述了工程師發(fā)明了一種在夜間也能生產(chǎn)太陽能電力的設(shè)備?！?1題詳解】考查副詞。句意：太陽能電板將陽光轉(zhuǎn)化為能量，因此它們只能傳統(tǒng)地在白天的時(shí)候發(fā)揮作用。根據(jù)句子分析可知，此處作狀語，修飾動(dòng)詞work，故應(yīng)用副詞“traditionally傳統(tǒng)地”修飾，故填traditionally?！?2題詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：然而，這一設(shè)備使用了一個(gè)熱電發(fā)電機(jī)，利用溫差產(chǎn)生能量。此處thisdevice作主語，為單數(shù)，與謂語動(dòng)詞use之間為主動(dòng)關(guān)系，且根據(jù)后文的creates可知，此處陳述客觀事實(shí)，應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，故填uses?！?3題詳解】考查非限制性定語從句。句意：這就變成了能量，再轉(zhuǎn)化成電能。此處引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，先行詞為energy，指物，定語從句中缺少主語，故應(yīng)用which引導(dǎo)，故填which。【14題詳解】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：這一設(shè)備對(duì)那些離電網(wǎng)很遠(yuǎn)的地區(qū)來說，是很有幫助的。此處作定語，修飾areas，areas與locate之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故應(yīng)用過去分詞作后置定語，故填located?！敬鸢浮?5.toteach16.before17.using【導(dǎo)語】本文為一篇記敘文，講述了作者曾經(jīng)的學(xué)生Graham成為了一名作家，作者為他驕傲?！?5題詳解】考查固定短語。句意：我以前教過他！usedtodo意思為：過去常常……。故填toteach?！?6題詳解】考查連詞。句意：我記得在我教他之前，格雷厄姆非常難教。根據(jù)后文“ButhechangedquicklyafterIsetupanexperiment”可知，在作者開始教Graham之前，他很難教，“在……之前”為before。故填before?！?7題詳解】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：但在我用酸和洋蔥做了一個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)來展示人類的胃是如何工作之后，他很快就改變了。句子中已有動(dòng)詞，空處為非謂語動(dòng)詞，邏輯主語I與use構(gòu)成主動(dòng)關(guān)系，用現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語。故填using。【答案】18.unusual19.Confused20.hadspotted##spotted【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了Nick在河中發(fā)現(xiàn)鯨目動(dòng)物，說明環(huán)境得到了改善。【18題詳解】考查形容詞。句意：Nick沿著拱門河騎著自行車，突然他注意到河里有不尋常的東西。something是一個(gè)不定代詞，后面一般加的是形容詞。結(jié)合句意，用形容詞unusual，表示“不同尋常的”。故填unusual?！?9題詳解】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：Nick對(duì)他所看到的感到困惑，他拍了一段視頻并發(fā)布在網(wǎng)上。beconfusedby對(duì)……困惑，在句中作狀語，所以用過去分詞形式。故填Confused。【20題詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：幾天后，一些研究人員證實(shí)，他發(fā)現(xiàn)了兩只海豚，這是自2017年以來在這條河中發(fā)現(xiàn)的第一只鯨類動(dòng)物，這表明恢復(fù)河流健康的努力正在取得成效。根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語可知，從句的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在主句過去動(dòng)作confirmed之前，所以用過去完成時(shí)?；蛘弑硎娟愂鲞^去事實(shí)，所以也可用一般過去時(shí)。故填hadspotted/spotted。第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，38分）第一節(jié)(共14小題；每小題2分，共28分)【答案】21.D22.B23.C【導(dǎo)語】本文為一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了英國幾處適合家庭活動(dòng)的場地和活動(dòng)項(xiàng)目?！?1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)FlipOut,Glasgow中關(guān)鍵句“Thisplaceholdstheimpressivetitleofbeingthebiggesttrampoline(蹦床)showgroundintheworld.(這個(gè)地方擁有世界上最大的蹦床展示區(qū)的稱號(hào))”可知，F(xiàn)lipOut的特殊之處在于它有世界上最大的蹦床展示區(qū)。故選D?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)IronbridgeGorgeMuseums,Shropshire中關(guān)鍵句“StepbackintimeatBlistsHillVictorianTown,wherelifefrommorethanacenturyagoiscarefullyrecreated.(回到布里斯特山維多利亞小鎮(zhèn)，一個(gè)多世紀(jì)前的生活被精心重現(xiàn))”可知，如果想體驗(yàn)舊時(shí)生活，應(yīng)該選擇IronbridgeGorgeMuseums。故選B。【23題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)BewilderwoodNorfolkandCheshire中關(guān)鍵句“Childrenunder92cmgetinfree,between92cmand105cm￡19.50,over105cm￡21.50.Adults￡25.50.(92厘米以下的孩子免費(fèi)，92厘米到105厘米的孩子19.50英鎊，105厘米以上的孩子21.50英鎊。成人25.50英鎊)”可知，史密斯夫婦需要花費(fèi)51英鎊，少于92厘米的孩子免費(fèi)，一共需要花費(fèi)51英鎊。故選C。【答案】24.B25.B26.C27.D【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了作者作為大學(xué)新生，在適應(yīng)大學(xué)生活的同時(shí)，為攻讀醫(yī)學(xué)院而努力提升成績的心路歷程?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中“Iwouldliketoattendmedicalschoolaftermyfour-yearundergraduate.(我想在讀完四年的本科后去醫(yī)學(xué)院)”和“IengagedinlifesciencesandknewthatIwantedtodoadoublemajorinneuroscienceandpsychology(我從事的是生命科學(xué)，我知道我想要神經(jīng)科學(xué)和心理學(xué)的雙學(xué)位)”可知，作者想進(jìn)入醫(yī)學(xué)院深造，參與生命科學(xué)的研究，所以她要主修神經(jīng)科學(xué)和心理學(xué)雙學(xué)位。這表明她選擇這兩個(gè)專業(yè)是為了自己的長遠(yuǎn)目標(biāo)，即進(jìn)入醫(yī)學(xué)院深造，因此她是在為自己的目標(biāo)做準(zhǔn)備。故選B項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中“IlookedbackonmygradesandfoundthatIhadneverseennumberslikethisbefore.Ireallydidn’teventhinktheywerepossible.(我回顧了我的成績，發(fā)現(xiàn)我以前從未見過這樣的數(shù)字。我真的認(rèn)為這是不可能的)”可知，回顧自己的成績時(shí)，作者認(rèn)為不可能，感到意外。故選B項(xiàng)。【26題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中“Attheendofmysecondterm,mygradesweren’tashighasIwantedthemtobe,butIacceptedit.Iknewthattherewerereasonsforthedifferencesbetweenindividuals,butIstillsawahugeimprovementinmymarksfromthefirstterm.IhadenjoyedmytimeinmysecondtermandeventhoughIwasn’twhereIwantedtobe,ithadnothingtodowithmyplaceintheuniversity.Itwasveryeye-openingandtaughtmewhatIneededtodoinordertoachieveMYbest—notwhateveryoneelseconsideredtobethebest.(在我的第二個(gè)學(xué)期結(jié)束時(shí)，我的成績沒有我想要的那么高，但我接受了它。我知道人與人之間的差異是有原因的，但我仍然看到我的成績比第一學(xué)期有了巨大的進(jìn)步。我在第二個(gè)學(xué)期過得很愉快，盡管我沒有達(dá)到我想要的水平，但這與我在大學(xué)里的地位無關(guān)。這讓我大開眼界，讓我知道我需要做什么才能做到最好——而不是別人認(rèn)為的最好)”可知，作者在第二個(gè)學(xué)期開始從不同的角度看待學(xué)習(xí)。故選C項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】推理判斷題。通讀全文，結(jié)合第三段中“SoafterthechokeIcallthefirstterm,IlookedbackonmygradesandfoundthatIhadneverseennumberslikethisbefore.Ireallydidn’teventhinktheywerepossible.Ihadheardthatmedicalschoolslikedtoseeanupwardtrend,soIwasdiscouragedandhurt,buttriednottothinkaboutit.(所以在我稱之為第一學(xué)期的艱難時(shí)刻之后，我回顧了自己的成績，發(fā)現(xiàn)我從未見過這樣的數(shù)字。我甚至真的認(rèn)為這些成績是不可能的。我聽說醫(yī)學(xué)院喜歡看到成績呈上升趨勢，所以我感到沮喪和受傷，但我盡量不去想它)”、第四段中“AfterIsawmygrades,IrealizedthemistakeImadetakingabunchofunnecessarilychallengingcourses.(看到成績后，我意識(shí)到自己犯了一個(gè)錯(cuò)誤，上了一堆不必要的挑戰(zhàn)性課程)”和最后一段中“ThoughIhadaroughstart,I’msuremylessonsandnewattitudewillcarrymemuchfartherthanjusttomedicalschool.(雖然我有一個(gè)艱難的開始，但我相信我的課程和新的態(tài)度將使我比僅僅進(jìn)入醫(yī)學(xué)院走得更遠(yuǎn))”可知，在第一學(xué)期遭遇挫折后，作者在第二學(xué)期及時(shí)調(diào)整策略、改變態(tài)度，最后有了新的開始，并堅(jiān)信自己會(huì)走得更遠(yuǎn)。由此可知，這篇文章告訴我們：適當(dāng)?shù)恼{(diào)整會(huì)讓你走得更遠(yuǎn)。故選D項(xiàng)?！敬鸢浮?8.D29.C30.A【導(dǎo)語】本文為一篇說明文，作者通過實(shí)驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)發(fā)現(xiàn)，不同人之間的學(xué)習(xí)速度差不多，沒有快速學(xué)習(xí)者。成績差距是機(jī)會(huì)差距的結(jié)果?！?8題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Growingup,IfeltthatIlearnedsomethingsquicklyandotherthingspainfullyslowly.PickingupFrenchandSpanishseemedtocomenaturally,whilepaintinganddrawingrequiredalotofpractice.Ithoughtthatsomepeoplejustha