2025年度軍隊(duì)文職人員招考筆試《英語語言文學(xué)》備考模擬題及答案一、詞匯與語法（共20題，每題1分，共20分）1.Themanagerdemandedthatthereportofthecommittee_________submittedtohimatonce.A.wasB.beC.wouldbeD.hadbeen答案：B。在表示“建議、要求、命令”等含義的動(dòng)詞（如demand，suggest，order等）后的賓語從句中，要用虛擬語氣，即“should+動(dòng)詞原形”，should可以省略，所以本題選B。2.Theoldcouplehastwosons,_________arelawyers.A.bothofthemB.bothofwhoC.bothofwhomD.bothofwhich答案：C。本題考查非限定性定語從句，先行詞是sons，指人，且在從句中作介詞of的賓語，所以用whom，選C。3._________withthesizeofthewholeearth,thehighestmountaindoesnotseemhighatall.A.CompareB.ComparingC.ComparedD.Tocompare答案：C?！皌hehighestmountain”與“compare”之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，即“山被和地球大小作比較”，所以用過去分詞作狀語，選C。4.Heisso_________thathecanmakedifferentkindsofmodelswithease.A.intelligentB.energeticC.industriousD.diligent答案：A。intelligent意為“聰明的，有才智的”；energetic意為“精力充沛的”；industrious和diligent都表示“勤奮的”。根據(jù)“能輕松制作各種模型”可知，這里強(qiáng)調(diào)他聰明，選A。5.Thepoliceare_________thetrafficaccidentthathappenedyesterday.A.lookingdownuponB.lookingforwardtoC.lookingintoD.lookingoutfor答案：C。lookdownupon意為“看不起”；lookforwardto意為“期待”；lookinto意為“調(diào)查”；lookoutfor意為“留意，提防”。警察應(yīng)該是調(diào)查交通事故，選C。6.Idon'tthinkitadvisablethatTom_________tothejobsincehehasnoexperience.A.isassignedB.willbeassignedC.beassignedD.hasbeenassigned答案：C。在“itisadvisablethat...”句型中，從句要用虛擬語氣，即“should+動(dòng)詞原形”，should可省略，且Tom與assign之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以選C。7.Thebookissaid_________intomanylanguages.A.tohavebeentranslatedB.tobetranslatedC.havingbeentranslatedD.havingtranslated答案：A?！癰esaidtodosth.”是固定用法，這里書已經(jīng)被翻譯成多種語言，要用完成時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)，即“tohavebeentranslated”，選A。8.Itwasnotuntilshearrivedattheclassroom_________sherealizedshehadforgottenherbook.A.whenB.thatC.whereD.than答案：B。這是一個(gè)強(qiáng)調(diào)句，強(qiáng)調(diào)的是時(shí)間狀語“notuntilshearrivedattheclassroom”，強(qiáng)調(diào)句的結(jié)構(gòu)是“Itis/was+被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分+that+其他部分”，所以選B。9.Theprofessorcouldhardlyfindsufficientgrounds_________hisargumentsinfavorofthenewtheory.A.tobebasedonB.tobaseonC.whichtobaseonD.onwhichtobase答案：D。本題考查“介詞+關(guān)系代詞+不定式”的結(jié)構(gòu)。basesth.on...表示“把……建立在……基礎(chǔ)上”，這里是把a(bǔ)rguments建立在grounds的基礎(chǔ)上，所以用onwhichtobase，選D。10.Thefootballgamewillbeplayed_________June10th.A.inB.onC.atD.during答案：B。在具體的某一天前要用介詞on，所以選B。11.Thecompanyhasto_________thebenefitsagainstthecostsinthelastthreemonths.A.weighB.evaluateC.considerD.regard答案：A。weigh...against...表示“權(quán)衡……與……”，這里是權(quán)衡收益和成本，選A。12.Thenewshasspreadalloverthecountry_________thespaceshipsucceededinreturningtotheearth.A.whichB.thatC.whetherD.what答案：B。“thatthespaceshipsucceededinreturningtotheearth”是同位語從句，解釋說明news的內(nèi)容，所以選B。13.Sheistheonlyoneofthegirlswho_________passedtheexam.A.haveB.hasC.hadD.having答案：B。在“oneof+復(fù)數(shù)名詞+定語從句”結(jié)構(gòu)中，如果one前有theonly等修飾，定語從句的謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式，且這里是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，所以選B。14.Wemust_________thattheexperimentiscontrolledasrigidlyaspossible.A.assureB.secureC.ensureD.issue答案：C。assure意為“向……保證”；secure意為“確保安全，獲得”；ensure意為“確保，保證”；issue意為“發(fā)行，發(fā)布”。這里是確保實(shí)驗(yàn)盡可能嚴(yán)格地被控制，選C。15.Theyoungmanwasaccused_________stealingmoneyfromthebank.A.withB.ofC.forD.in答案：B。beaccusedof是固定搭配，意為“被指控……”，所以選B。16._________hisillness,hedidn'tgotoschooltoday.A.BecauseB.DuetoC.OwingtoD.Thanksto答案：C。because是連詞，后接句子；dueto一般不用于句首；owingto可用于句首，也可用于句中，意為“由于，因?yàn)椤?；thanksto通常表示“多虧，由于”，帶有感激的意味。這里表示因?yàn)樯]去上學(xué)，選C。17.Thenewpolicywill_________thelivesofmillionsofpeople.A.effectB.affectC.influenceD.impact答案：B。effect作動(dòng)詞時(shí)意為“使發(fā)生，實(shí)現(xiàn)”；affect是動(dòng)詞，意為“影響”；influence強(qiáng)調(diào)通過言行等潛移默化地影響；impact作動(dòng)詞時(shí)意為“對(duì)……有影響”，但通常用impacton。這里說新政策影響數(shù)百萬人的生活，選B。18.I'dratheryou_________methetruth;otherwise,Iwouldn'thavebeensoangry.A.toldB.hadtoldC.wouldtellD.tell答案：B。在“wouldrather+從句”結(jié)構(gòu)中，如果表示與過去事實(shí)相反的愿望，從句要用過去完成時(shí)，所以選B。19.Theproblem_________atthemeetingyesterdayisveryimportant.A.discussedB.beingdiscussedC.tobediscussedD.discussing答案：A?！皃roblem”與“discuss”之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，且“討論”這個(gè)動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過去，所以用過去分詞作后置定語，選A。20.Theoldmanwalkedslowly,supportedbyhisson.Here“supportedbyhisson”is_________.A.anadverbialofresultB.anadverbialofcauseC.anadverbialofmannerD.anadverbialofcondition答案：C?！皊upportedbyhisson”表示老人走路的方式，是方式狀語，選C。二、閱讀理解（共15題，每題2分，共30分）Passage1Inthe19thcentury,itwascommontohearpeopleinEuropeandAmericasaythattheresourcesoftheseawereunlimited.Forexample,anotedbiologistwritinginthemid-19thcenturycommentedthatnoneofthegreatseafisheriesweretobeexhausted.Todaythough,thereisevidencethattheresourcesoftheseaareasseriouslythreatenedasthoseofthelandandtheair,andthattheendangeredspeciesnowincludeHerringandCarpaswellastheAfricanElephant,IndianTiger,andtheAmericanEagle.Further,thethreatstofisharemorealarminginsomewaysthanthethreatstoanimalsandbirds.Fishareamuchneededfoodresourceandpeoplethroughouttheworlddependonfishasanimportantpartoftheirdiet,andthedeclineinthefishsupplycouldhaveextensiveeffectsonhungerandpopulation.FishermenintheNorthAtlanticaloneannuallyharvest20billionpoundsoffishtosatisfyfooddemands,butitisimportanttorecognizethatthesepracticescannotcontinuewithoutdepletingfishreserveswithinthenextfewyears.Searesourcesarerapidlydeclininginmanypartsoftheworld,andtheproblemcannotbeignored.Wecanpredictthatfoodsuppliesintheseacannotlastforever.1.Thepassagemainlytellsusthat_________.A.theresourcesoftheseawereunlimitedinthe19thcenturyB.theresourcesoftheseaareseriouslythreatenednowC.fishareimportantfoodresourcesforpeopleD.thedeclineinthefishsupplywillcausehunger答案：B。文章開篇指出19世紀(jì)人們認(rèn)為海洋資源無限，但如今有證據(jù)表明海洋資源和陸地、空氣資源一樣受到嚴(yán)重威脅，接著具體說明魚類資源的情況，所以文章主要講的是現(xiàn)在海洋資源受到嚴(yán)重威脅，選B。2.Theunderlinedword“exhausted”inPara.1means_________.A.usedupB.developedC.exploredD.polluted答案：A。根據(jù)前文說19世紀(jì)人們認(rèn)為海洋資源無限，以及后文轉(zhuǎn)折說現(xiàn)在海洋資源受到威脅，可知這里說“沒有一個(gè)大型海洋漁場(chǎng)會(huì)被exhausted”，應(yīng)該是“耗盡，用光”的意思，選A。3.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A.Thethreatstofisharelessalarmingthanthethreatstoanimalsandbirds.B.Fisharenotasimportantasanimalsandbirds.C.Thedeclineinthefishsupplywillnothaveextensiveeffectsonpopulation.D.Searesourcesaredecliningrapidlyinmanypartsoftheworld.答案：D。根據(jù)第一段“thethreatstofisharemorealarminginsomewaysthanthethreatstoanimalsandbirds”可知A錯(cuò)誤；文中提到魚是重要的食物資源，沒有比較魚和動(dòng)物、鳥類誰更重要，B錯(cuò)誤；根據(jù)第二段“thedeclineinthefishsupplycouldhaveextensiveeffectsonhungerandpopulation”可知C錯(cuò)誤；根據(jù)第二段“Searesourcesarerapidlydeclininginmanypartsoftheworld”可知D正確。Passage2TheInternethasledtoahugeincreaseincredit-cardfraud.Yourcardinformationcouldevenbeforsaleinanillegalwebsite.Websitesofferingcheapgoodsandservicesshouldberegardedwithcare.Onlineshopperswhoentertheircredit-cardinformationmayneverreceivethegoodstheythoughttheybought.Thethievesthengoshoppingwithyourcardnumber-orselltheinformationovertheInternet.Computershackershavebrokendownsecuritysystems,raisingquestionsaboutthesafetyofcardholderinformation.Severalmonthsago,25,000customersofaCDuniverse,anon-linemusicretailer,werenotlucky.Theirnames,addressesandcredit-cardnumberswerepostedonaWebsiteaftertheretailerrefusedtopayUS$157,828togetbacktheinformation.Credit-cardfirmsarenowfightingagainston-linefraud.MasterCardisworkingonplansforWeb-onlycreditcard,withalowercreditlimit.Thecardcouldbeusedonlyforshoppingonline.However,thereareafewsimplestepsyoucantaketokeepfrombeingcheated.Askaboutyourcredit-cardfirm'son-linerules:UnderBritishlaw,cardholdersareresponsibleforthefirstUS$78ofanyfraudulentspending.Andshoponlyatsecuresites:Sendyourcredit-cardinformationonlyiftheWebsiteoffersadvancedsecuresystem.Ifthesecurityisinplace,aletterwillappearinthebottomright-handcornerofyourscreen.TheWebsiteaddressmayalsostarttheextra“s”standsforsecure.Ifindoubt,giveyourcredit-cardinformationoverthetelephone.Keepyourpasswordsafe:Moston-linesitesrequireausernameandpasswordbeforeplacinganorder.Treatyourpasswordswithcare.4.WhatdomostpeopleworryabouttheInternetaccordingtothispassage?A.Manywebsitesaredestroyed.B.FraudontheInternet.C.Manywebsitesoffercheapgoodsandservices.D.Manycustomers'informationislost.答案：B。文章開篇就指出“TheInternethasledtoahugeincreaseincredit-cardfraud”，接著圍繞網(wǎng)絡(luò)信用卡詐騙展開論述，所以人們最擔(dān)心的是網(wǎng)絡(luò)詐騙，選B。5.Howcanthethievesgettheinformationofthecreditcard?A.Thecustomersgivethemtheinformation.B.Thethievesstealtheinformationfromwebsites.C.Thecustomersselltheinformationtothem.D.Thethievesbuytheinformationfromcredit-cardfirms.答案：B。根據(jù)第二段“Computershackershavebrokendownsecuritysystems,raisingquestionsaboutthesafetyofcardholderinformation”以及舉例說明黑客獲取顧客信息的情況，可知小偷是從網(wǎng)站竊取信息的，選B。6.Youareshoppingonthesite:http://www.S,andyouwanttobuyaTVset,whatdoesthisarticlesuggesttodo?A.OrdertheTVsetatonce.B.DonotbuytheTVsetonthissite.C.E-mailthesiteyourcredit-cardinformation.D.TellthesiteyourpasswordandbuytheTVsetforyou.答案：B。根據(jù)文中提到安全的網(wǎng)站網(wǎng)址前會(huì)有“https”，而這里的網(wǎng)址是“http”，說明不是安全網(wǎng)站，所以不應(yīng)該在這個(gè)網(wǎng)站買東西，選B。Passage3Literatureisaformofhumanexpression.Butnoteverythingexpressedinwords-evenwhenorganizedandwrittendown-iscountedasliterature.Thosewritingsthatareprimarilyinformative-technical,scholarly,journalistic-wouldbeexcludedfromtherankofliteraturebymost,thoughnotall,critics.Certainformsofwriting,however,aregenerallyregardedasbelongingtoliteratureasanart.Individualattemptswithintheseformsaresaidtosucceediftheypossesssomethingcalledartisticmeritandtofailiftheydonot.Thenatureofartisticmeritislesseasytodefinethantorecognize.Ithassomethingtodowiththewayinwhichawritersayswhathehastosay.Ifthiswerenotso,allwell-informedpeoplewouldbegreatliterarycritics.Thelanguageinwhichhedoesitmusthavecertainaestheticqualities.Thismaybeexpressedinitsmusic,initsrhythm,orinitsvividness.Itmaybeseenalsointheauthor'sskillinhandlingdetail,andintheshapeandstructurehegivestohiswritingasawhole.Theworkmustalsohaveapurpose.Thispurposemaybetoamuse,tomove,toinstruct,ortoarousethereader'sinterestinlife.Theworkmustalsohavesomecoherence.Itmusthaveasenseofwholeness,sothatthepartscontributetothewholeandarenotmerelyacollectionoflooselyrelatedpassages.7.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingwritingswouldmostprobablybeconsideredasliterature?A.Atechnicalreport.B.Ascholarlyessay.C.Ashortstory.D.Anewsarticle.答案：C。根據(jù)第一段“Thosewritingsthatareprimarilyinformative-technical,scholarly,journalistic-wouldbeexcludedfromtherankofliteraturebymost,thoughnotall,critics”可知，技術(shù)報(bào)告、學(xué)術(shù)論文、新聞文章通常不被認(rèn)為是文學(xué)，而短篇小說屬于文學(xué)形式，選C。8.Thepassagesuggeststhatartisticmerit_________.A.canbeeasilydefinedB.isrelatedtothewayawriterexpresseshimselfC.dependsontheamountofinformationinaworkD.isthesameforallformsofliterature答案：B。根據(jù)第二段“Thenatureofartisticmeritislesseasytodefinethantorecognize.Ithassomethingtodowiththewayinwhichawritersayswhathehastosay”可知，藝術(shù)價(jià)值與作家表達(dá)自己的方式有關(guān)，選B。9.WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedasanaestheticqualityoflanguage?A.Music.B.Rhythm.C.Vividness.D.Clarity.答案：D。根據(jù)第二段“Thelanguageinwhichhedoesitmusthavecertainaestheticqualities.Thismaybeexpressedinitsmusic,initsrhythm,orinitsvividness”可知，音樂、節(jié)奏、生動(dòng)性都被提及是語言的美學(xué)品質(zhì)，而清晰性未被提及，選D。10.ThepurposeofaliteraryworkmayincludeallofthefollowingEXCEPT_________.A.toamusethereaderB.tomovethereaderC.tomakethereaderinformedD.toarousethereader'sinterestinlife答案：C。根據(jù)第二段“Thepurposemaybetoamuse,tomove,toinstruct,ortoarousethereader'sinterestinlife”可知，使讀者獲得信息不是文學(xué)作品的目的，選C。11.Whatdoesthepassagesayaboutthecoherenceofaliterarywork?A.Itmeansthepartsarelooselyrelated.B.Itisnotanimportantquality.C.Itrequiresthepartstocontributetothewhole.D.Itisthesameasartisticmerit.答案：C。根據(jù)第二段“Theworkmustalsohavesomecoherence.Itmusthaveasenseofwholeness,sothatthepartscontributetothewholeandarenotmerelyacollectionoflooselyrelatedpassages”可知，文學(xué)作品的連貫性要求各部分對(duì)整體有貢獻(xiàn)，選C。Passage4Theterm“satire”isoftenusedtodescribeworksthatmakefunofhumanweakness,vice,orfoolishness.Satirecanbefoundinvariousformsofliterature,includingnovels,plays,andpoems.OneofthemostfamoussatiristsinEnglishliteratureisJonathanSwift.Hisnovel“Gulliver'sTravels”isaclassicexampleofsatire.Inthisnovel,SwiftusesthefictionaltravelsofLemuelGullivertocommentonhumannature,politics,andsociety.Forexample,inthelandofLilliput,thetinypeopleareengagedinpettypoliticalsquabblesovermeaninglessissues.Thisisasatiricallookatthereal-worldpoliticalsituation,wherepoliticiansoftenfocusonsmall,unimportantmattersinsteadofaddressingmajorproblems.Anotherwell-knownsatiristisAlexanderPope.Hispoem“TheRapeoftheLock”isamock-heroicpoemthatsatirizestheupper-classsocietyofhistime.Thepoemtakesatrivialincident,thecuttingofalockofhair,andtreatsitasifitwereagreatheroicevent.Throughthisexaggeratedtreatment,Popeexposesthevanityandsuperficialityoftheupper-class.Satirecanalsobeusedtobringaboutsocialchange.Bymakingpeoplelaughattheirownfoolishnessandvices,satiristshopetoencouragethemtochangetheirbehavior.However,satirecansometimesbecontroversial,asitmayoffendsomepeoplewhoarethetargetsofthesatire.12.Whatisthemainideaofthispassage?A.Tointroducethedefinitionofsatire.B.Tointroducesomefamoussatiristsandtheirworks.C.Todiscussthefunctionsandpotentialproblemsofsatire.D.Alloftheabove.答案：D。文章首先介紹了“satire”的定義，接著列舉了JonathanSwift和AlexanderPope等著名諷刺作家及其作品，最后還討論了諷刺文學(xué)的作用和可能引發(fā)的爭(zhēng)議，所以以上內(nèi)容都包含，選D。13.In“Gulliver'sTravels”,thelandofLilliputisdescribedto_________.A.showthebeautyofafictionallandB.satirizethereal-worldpoliticalsituationC.describethelifeoftinypeopleD.praisethewisdomoftheLilliputians答案：B。根據(jù)第三段“inthelandofLilliput,thetinypeopleareengagedinpettypoliticalsquabblesovermeaninglessissues.Thisisasatiricallookatthereal-worldpoliticalsituation”可知，描寫小人國(guó)是為了諷刺現(xiàn)實(shí)世界的政治狀況，選B。14.“TheRapeoftheLock”satirizes_________.A.thelower-classsocietyB.themiddle-classsocietyC.theupper-classsocietyD.thepoliticalsystem答案：C。根據(jù)第四段“Hispoem‘TheRapeoftheLock’isamock-heroicpoemthatsatirizestheupper-classsocietyofhistime”可知，這首詩諷刺的是上層社會(huì)，選C。15.Whatisoneofthepurposesofsatireaccordingtothepassage?A.Tomakepeoplecry.B.Tomakepeopleangry.C.Tobringaboutsocialchange.D.Tocreatefictionalworlds.答案：C。根據(jù)第五段“Satirecanalsobeusedtobringaboutsocialchange.Bymakingpeoplelaughattheirownfoolishnessandvices,satiristshopetoencouragethemtochangetheirbehavior”可知，諷刺文學(xué)的一個(gè)目的是帶來社會(huì)變革，選C。三、翻譯（共2題，每題15分，共30分）1.TranslatethefollowingpassageintoChinese.Literatureisthemirrorofsociety.Itreflectsthevalues,beliefs,andstrugglesofaparticulartimeandplace.Throughliterature,wecanunderstandthepast,empathizewiththeexperiencesofothers,andgaininsightsintothehumancondition.Greatliteraryworks,whethertheyarenovels,poems,orplays,havethepowertoinspire,challenge,andtransformus.Theycantransportustodifferentworlds,introduceustodiversecharacters,andmakeusthinkaboutthebigquestionsinlife.文學(xué)是社會(huì)的鏡子。它反映了特定時(shí)間和地點(diǎn)的價(jià)值觀、信仰和奮斗歷程。通過文學(xué)，我們能夠了解過去，對(duì)他人的經(jīng)歷感同身受，并洞察人類的生存狀況。偉大的文學(xué)作品，無論是小說、詩歌還是戲劇，都有力量激勵(lì)我們、挑戰(zhàn)我們并改變我們。它們能把我們帶到不同的世界，讓我們結(jié)識(shí)形形色色的人物，并促使我們思考生活中的重大問題。2.TranslatethefollowingpassageintoEnglish.中國(guó)文學(xué)歷史悠久，源遠(yuǎn)流長(zhǎng)。從古代的詩歌、散文到現(xiàn)代的小說、戲劇，中國(guó)文學(xué)展現(xiàn)了豐富的文化內(nèi)涵和獨(dú)特的藝術(shù)魅力。許多經(jīng)典作品，如《紅樓夢(mèng)》《西游記》等，不僅在中國(guó)廣受歡迎，而且在世界范圍內(nèi)也享有盛譽(yù)。這些作品不僅是中國(guó)文化的瑰寶，也是全人類共同的精神財(cái)富。Chineseliteraturehasalongandprofoundhistory.Fromancientpoemsandessaystomodernnovelsanddramas,Chineseliteraturedemonstratesrichculturalconnotationsanduniqueartisticcharm.Manyclassicworks,suchas“DreamoftheRedChamber”and“JourneytotheWest”,arenotonlypopularinChinabutalsoenjoyahighreputationworldwide.TheseworksarenotonlythetreasuresofChineseculturebutalsothecommonspiritualwealthofallmankind.四、文學(xué)知識(shí)（共10題，每題2分，共20分）1.WhichofthefollowingisaplaywrittenbyWilliamShakespeare?A.“ParadiseLost”B.“TheCanterburyTales”C.“Hamlet”D.“DonQuixote”答案：C?！癙aradiseLost”是JohnMilton的作品；“TheCanterburyTales”是GeoffreyChaucer的作品；